柴油机

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203923. （2024•鄠邑区•高三上期末）     Diesel engines（柴油机） work on the same basic principles （1）       gasoline engines，but they do the work differently.Let's take a closer look.
    The story of the diesel engine actually begins with the invention of the gasoline engine.Nikolaus August Otto （2）       （invent） the gasoline engine in 1861.His invention used the four-stroke combustion（四冲程燃烧） principle，also known as the "Otto Cycle"，（3）       is the basis for most car engines today.In its early stage，the gasoline engine wasn't very efficient，and other major methods of transportation，such as the steam engine，performed（4）       （poor） as well.Only about 10 percent of the fuel （5）       （use） to power these types of engines actually moved a vehicle.The rest of the fuel simply produced useless heat.
   Rudolf Diesel created an engine with high efficiency，and he devoted much of his time to（6）       （develop） a"combustion power engine".By 1892 Diesel had obtained a patent for（7）       we now call the diesel engine.
    For decades，diesel engines had a reputation for being dirty and loud.While Europe adopted the technology pretty widely，most （8）       （drive） in the United States said，"No，thank you."By the 21st century，though diesel engines became far cleaner，much （9）       （quiet） and even more efficient，they experienced a setback in popular opinion because of a scandal（丑闻） in 2014.Thanks to （10）       （they） proven efficiency，though，diesel engines are regaining some ground.

共享时间:2024-02-07 难度:2

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科普知识，说明文，

[答案]

（

）

（

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invented

（

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which

（

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poorly

（

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used

（

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developing

（

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what

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drivers

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quieter

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their

[解析]

（1）考查介词。句意：柴油发动机的工作原理与汽油发动机相同，但工作方式不同。the same as"和……一样"，为固定短语，故填as。
（2）考查动词时态。句意：1861年，尼古拉•奥古斯特•奥托发明了汽油发动机。根据时间状语in 1861，可知用一般过去时态，故填invented。
（3）考查非限制性定语从句。句意：他的发明使用了四冲程燃烧原理，也被称为"奥托循环"，这是今天大多数汽车发动机的基础。先行词为Otto Cycle，在非限制性定语从句中作主语，所以用which引导，故填which。
（4）考查副词。句意：在早期阶段，汽油发动机的效率并不高，而其他主要的交通工具，如蒸汽机，也表现不佳。修饰动词，所以用副词，故填poorly。
（5）考查过去分词。句意：只有大约10%的燃料用于驱动这些类型的发动机，实际上推动车辆。use和它所修饰的词之间是被动关系，所以用过去分词作后置定语，故填used。
（6）考查动名词。句意：鲁道夫•迪塞尔创造了一种高效率的发动机，他花了很多时间研制一种"燃烧动力发动机"。devote one's time to doing sth."致力于做某事"，to为介词，后跟动名词，故填developing。
（7）考查宾语从句。句意：到1892年，迪塞尔获得了我们现在所说的柴油机的专利。引导宾语从句，在从句中作宾语，表示"……的东西"，故填what。
（8）考查可数名词的复数。句意：虽然欧洲广泛采用了这项技术，但美国的大多数司机说："不，谢谢。"此处表示"司机"，所以用driver，前面有most，所以用名词复数，故填drivers。
（9）考查形容词比较级。句意：到了21世纪，尽管柴油发动机变得更清洁、更安静、甚至更高效，但由于2014年的一起丑闻，它们在公众舆论中遭遇了挫折。根据前后的形容词比较级cleaner，even more efficient，可知此处为形容词比较级，故填quieter。
（10）考查形容词性物主代词。句意：然而，由于其已被证明的效率，柴油发动机正在重新获得一些地位。放在名词前面，所以用形容词性物主代词，故填their。

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    Economically，Macau has seen a significant（3）       （transform），with its GDP skyrocketing from MOP 51.9 billion in 1999 to nearly MOP 379.5 billion in 2023，marking it as one of Asia's（4）       （wealthy） cities.This growth is attributed to the flourishing tourism and gaming industries （5）        have brought substantial wealth to Macau and its residents.
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    In conclusion，Macau's success under the "One Country，Two Systems" principle is（10）        splendid chapter，demonstrating its vitality and the far-sightedness of this great concept.

共享时间:2025-03-01 难度:2 相似度:1

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204169. （2023•周至四中•高二下期末）     The Start of Summer （1）       originated at the end of the Warring States Period （239 BC） is a crucial time for the harvest of summer crops.Ancient Chinese emperors in different dynasties attached great（2）       （important） to the Start of Summer.
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共享时间:2023-07-12 难度:2 相似度:1

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205083. （2022•蓝田县•高一上期末） The United Nations is not only committed to protecting people.It （1）（look）after places，too.One of the aims of UNESCO-the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization-which was founded （2） 1946，was to protect places of great cultural importance.Its first major task was in the 1950s，（3） it launched a campaign to protect two ancient Egyptian temples.The temples were going to be（4）（complete）flooded with the construction of the huge Aswan Damn.The temples（5）（take）to pieces and rebuilt on dry ground.Fifty （6）（country）donated money to the project（7）（it）success led to other projects to protect Venice，in Italy，a unique city built on water，（8） Moenjodaro，in Pakistan，one of the cradles of civilization.
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共享时间:2022-02-09 难度:2 相似度:1

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204813. （2022•周至四中•高二下期末） Today we use chemicals in almost every part of our lives，（1）（hope） to make life faster，more convenient or just （2）（good）.At home we use them （3）（kill） flies and other disease-carrying pests.Doctors give them to us in medicine to fight（4）（harm） bacteria in our bodies.Factory（5）（work） use them in industrial production to make everything from toys to shoes to toothbrushes.Farmers also use them in the soil to help （6）（them） plants grow fast and become strong.However，（7） discoveries of new ways to use chemicals have brought difficulties as well as benefits.For example，too much use in farming leads to food （8） is low in minerals and other things that we need for good nutrition.What is the root of the problem？Some people think it is from a wrong focus （9） money and speed，while others say it is just from a lack of （10）（educate） about the problems.Who knows？Maybe it is both.

共享时间:2022-07-01 难度:2 相似度:1

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204655. （2023•师大附中•高二下期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    Since its creation in the 12th century，Qianli Jiangshan Tu，or A Thousand Li of Rivers and Mountains，has been held up as （1）       masterpiece of traditional Chinese painting.
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共享时间:2023-07-01 难度:2 相似度:1

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204626. （2023•高新一中•高二上期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
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共享时间:2023-02-08 难度:2 相似度:1

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共享时间:2023-02-02 难度:2 相似度:1

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204464. （2023•莲湖区•高一下期末）     Since ancient times，human beings have tried to explore space and find other life forms.They even tended （1）       （improve） the moon's environment to support life.It was the first time that they had grow n plants in the lunar soil.The scientists said they had no idea whether anything （2）        （grow） in the moon dirt.They wanted to see if it could be used to grow food.The results surprised them.
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共享时间:2023-07-27 难度:2 相似度:1

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204445. （2023•临潼区•高一下期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    The Carnival of Rio de Janeiro has its roots in ancient European traditions，（1）        （particular） the Catholic celebrations of it，（2）        may date back to the Middle Ages.It is a four-day festival，with the biggest celebrations （3）        （take） place over the weekend.
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共享时间:2023-07-11 难度:2 相似度:1

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204360. （2023•铁一中学•高一上期末）      China Chinese high-speed railways are a very efficient way to travel.They are clean，quiet and comfortable.China （1）        （lead） other developing countries and even some （2）        （develop） ones in this field since the first high-speed train came into use in 2008.
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    What's more，with a faster check-in，the high-speed trains are also （9）        （little） affected by weather than planes.Seldom are （10）        delayed or cancelled for weather condition.Therefore，they have become the first choice for many passengers.

共享时间:2023-02-19 难度:2 相似度:1

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204321. （2023•未央区•高一上期末）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
    If you don't come to Xinjiang，you won't know how big China is.And if you don't come to Xinjiang，you won't know how （1）        （beauty） Nalati is.According to the local people，Nalati means the （2）        （one） place to see the sun.Nalati is known as the "Entrance to Heaven on Earth".
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    One of the visitors said in an interview， "Visiting Nalati has left a deep impression on me，and I look forward to （8）        （return） sometime in the future.
    Voyo，a 19-year-old American girl，loves Chinese culture and is studying in Xinjiang University.She told the reporter， "During my stay，I waocked by the（9）        （develop） of Xinjiang.The Chinese government （10）        （make） great effort in supporting the local industries these years."

共享时间:2023-02-17 难度:2 相似度:1

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204207. （2023•长安区一中•高一上期末）     The long history of the Chinese Knot（1）       （date） back to ancient times when people first used knots for fastening，wrapping，hunting and fishing．（2）       knot was developed into an art form during the Tang and Song dynasties and later popularized in the Ming and Qing Dynasty.
    One major characteristic of decorative knot work is that all the knots are tied using one thread.When（3）       （finish），the knot looks identical （一模一样的）from both the front and back.They can come in a（4）        （various） of colors such as：gold，green，blue or black，and however，the（5）        （much） commonly used color is red.Many people prefer（6）        （have） red knots in their houses.This is（7）       the red knot symbolizes good luck and prosperity （兴旺）．
    Crafting the Chinese knot is a three-step process，（8）       involves tying，tightening and adding.There are many different shapes of Chinese knots，（9）       （offer） blessings of happiness，love and good luck.In Chinese， "knot" means reunion，friendliness，warmth，love，etc.Up to now，the art of the Chinese Knot（10）       （use） in necklaces，buttons and even hangings for cars or mobile phones.

共享时间:2023-02-08 难度:2 相似度:1

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204093. （2023•西安中学•高一上期末）     Longjing tea，（1）        has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its color，taste and shape，is （2）        （name） after its region of production—Longjing Village of West Lake.The good environment and water resources are good for the （3）        （grow） of the tea，confirming the saying that "Longjing tea is the （4）        （good） among all of the teas in the world".
   Thanks （5）        Emperor Qianlong of the Qing Dynasty，the tea has earned a high reputation.It is said that Emperor Qianlong （6）        （visit） a mountain of Longjing Village of West Lake on his travels in Hangzhou，and he saw some ladies picking the tea at the foot of the mountain.He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself.
   While （7）        （pick） the tea，he received the news of his mothers illness，so he carelessly put the leaves in his pocket and （8）        （leave） Hangzhou for Beijing.He visited his mother immediately upon his （9）        （arrive） in Beijing，and his mother smelt the pleasant smell of the tea leaves from his pocket and wanted to have a taste.After drinking a cup of tea，she found herself （10）        （complete） energetic，and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses.

共享时间:2023-02-14 难度:2 相似度:1

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203576. （2025•临潼区•高一上期末） Cusco is a popular destination for tourists，because of（1）（it） unique place in the history of South America.Cusco was the capital city of the Inca Empire which was the most （2）（power） in South America until the 1500s.There are two （3）（especial） interesting things to admire about the Inca civilisation.（4） first is the roads and paths they built （5）（connect） their important cities.These Inca roads （6）（make） up of two north-south highways and many small roads crossing the mountains east （7） west.The roads were for Inca soldiers and their（8）（official）.Second，the Incas built wonderful cities full of（9）（amaze） architecture-but there were no markets in these cities.One of the interesting questions of history is （10） the Incas lived without shopping!

共享时间:2025-02-15 难度:2 相似度:1

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204055. （2023•西安中学•高一下期末） Many people may think the Forbidden City，or the Palace Museum，is（1）        outstanding and old-fashioned museum.But，in recent years，the museum has been working hard （2）        （promote） Chinese cultural heritage among young people.
    The museum's online store now offers special cultural and（3）       （create） products.For example，in 2014，it started to make T-shirts that looked like an emperor's coat.It also （4）        （sell） earphones that looked like the necklaces worn by ancient officials，which brought（5）       about 1 billion yuan in sales in 2016，reported China Youth Daily.
    Last year，a documentary（纪录片）（6）        （title） Masters in Forbidden City became popular online.The documentary is about the people （7）        job is to repair the relics in the museum.Many of these workers are young，and some are even in their （8）        （twenty）.
    Some other （9）        （museum） across the country，such as the National Museum of China，（10）        （inspire） by the Palace Museum's efforts and are working on similar projects of their own.

共享时间:2023-07-29 难度:2 相似度:1

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dygzyyyn

2024-02-07

高中英语 | 高三上 | 填空题

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