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德优网2023陕西省西安市蓝田县高中英语考试期末高二下

2022-2023学年陕西省西安市蓝田县高二(下)期末英语试卷

试卷总分:150分    命题人:dygzyyyn    考试时长:120分钟

一、听力题(10小题共40分)
1. (本题2分)  What will the speakers probably do next?
A.Tour Boston.
B.Visit Caroline.
C.Watch the news.
2. (本题2分)  What is Jim's suggestion about?
A.Raising money.
B.Hiring a lawyer.
C.Calling a meeting.
3. (本题2分)  What is the woman going to do this weekend?
A.Finish a report.
B.Look after Bob.
C.Climb a mountain.
4. (本题2分)  What does the man suggest the woman do?
A.Find a full-time job.
B.Study another subject.
C.Go to evening classes.
5. (本题2分)  What is the man now?
A.An online shop owner.
B.A construction worker.
C.A computer engineer.
6. (本题4分) (1)What does Miyako want to do?
A.Make a call.
B.Send a card.
C.Hold a party.
(2)What is the man doing?
A.Making an apology.
B.Giving an explanation.
C.Sharing an experience.
7. (本题4分) (1)Where will Maria go the day after tomorrow?
A.The London Zoo.
B.The British Museum.
C.The Tower of London.
(2)How many days will Maria stay in Oxford?
A.One.
B.Two.
C.Three.
(3)Why will Maria go to Edinburgh?
A.To do a study.
B.To meet a friend.
C.To see her sister.
8. (本题6分) (1)What does the woman dislike?
A.Fish.
B.Vegetables.
C.Fried chicken.
(2)What does the man find it hard to do?
A.Make cakes and pies.
B.Stop drinking coffee.
C.Eat a lot of tomatoes.
(3)What are the speakers talking about?
A.Doctor's advice to the man.
B.What to eat for a good meal.
C.The man's favourite dishes.
9. (本题8分) (1)What is the relationship between the speakers?
A.Old classmates.
B.Neighbours.
C.Fellow workers.
(2)Where are the speakers?
A.At a hotel.
B.At Betty's home.
C.At the railway station.
(3)What is Jack doing?
A.Working at a restaurant.
B.Cooking in the kitchen.
C.Buying food for dinner.
(4)What will Marc probably do?
A.See a film.
B.Go shopping.
C.Visit an old town.
10. (本题8分) (1)What does the speaker say about Castle Howard?
A.It took its name from a film.
B.It has been home to a family.
C.It was once used for defence.
(2)What is special about the Walled Gardens?
A.It's open every day of the year.
B.It's the largest garden in England.
C.It's planted with many kinds of roses.
(3)Who is probably the speaker?
A.A tour guide.
B.A gardener.
C.A news reporter.
二、阅读理解(4小题共30分)
11. (本题6分)     The worldwide 20th century "Green Revolution",which saw huge year-by-year increases in global grain yields (产量),was fueled by the development in the 1960s of new high-yielding dwarfed (矮小) varieties known as Green Revolution Varieties (GRVs).
    These dwarfed GRVs are common all over the world in today's wheat and rice crops.Because they are dwarfed,with short stems,GRVs devote relatively more resources than tall plants to the growth of grains rather than stems,and are less likely to suffer yield losses from wind and rain damage.However,the growth of GRVs requires farmers to use large amounts of nitrogen fertilizers (氮肥) in their fields.These fertilizers are costly to farmers and cause extensive damage to the natural environment.The development of new GRVs combining high yields with reduced fertilizer requirements is thus a global agricultural goal.
    Researchers at the University of Oxford and the Chinese Academy of Science have discovered for the first time a gene that can help reach the goal.Comparing 36 different dwarfed rice varieties,the researchers identified a novel natural gene that helps increase the rate at which plants make use of nitrogen from the soil.This gene,called GRF4,can increase the amount of a protein (蛋白质) in plant cells.GRF4 is actually a promoter that encourages the activity of other genes—genes that promote nitrogen uptake (摄入).Professor Harberd said, "Increasing GRF4 levels could contribute to an increase in the grain yields of GRVs,especially at low fertilizer input levels."
    The researchers say the latest rice variety containing GRVould now become a major target for farmers in increasing crop yields and fertilizer use efficiency,with the aim of achieving the global grain yield increases necessary to feed a growing world population at a reduced environmental cost.It is very urgent at the moment.
    Professor Harberd added, "This study is an example of how studying fundamental science objectives can lead rapidly to potential solutions to global challenges.It shows how the discovery can enable chances for food security and future new green revolutions."

(1)What can we know about dwarfed GRVs?        
A.They have higher yield and taller stems.
B.They are a "double-edged sword".
C.They are environmentally friendly.
D.They can be easily affected by weather.
(2)What does "the goal" in Paragraph 3 refer to?        
A.Increasing the rate of nitrogen use.
B.Producing cheaper nitrogen fertilizers.
C.Using fewer fertilizers to produce more grains.
D.Finding a gene to solve agricultural problems.
(3)What can GRV directly do?        
A.It promotes other genes' activity.
B.It increases the output of crops.
C.It takes in nitrogen from the soil.
D.It lowers fertilizer input levels.
12. (本题8分) Fast walkers may live longer than dawdlers (缓慢的人)— regardless of their weight,a new study suggests.
    Researchers at Leicester University analyzed data on 474,919 people with an average age of 52 in the UK Biobank between 2006 and 2016.They found women who walked briskly had a life expectancy of 86.7 to 87.8 years old,and men who kept up the pace had a life expectancy of 85.2 to 86.8.Slow walkers hadn't much encouraging prospects (前景):women had a life expectancy of 72.4,and men of 64.8 years old,if they were more leisurely in their movements.According to the paper,published last week,that ratio held true even if the fast walkers were severely overweight.It does not necessarily mean fast walkers will live longer.Experts say it suggests walking speed could be a simple way for doctors to judge their patients' general health alongside other tests.
   It is hardly the first study holding up walking speed as a powerful evidence that appears to improve and determine our health.
   In 2011,the Journal of the American Medical Association (JAMA) published a study by Stephanie Studenski,who found the same:walking speed was a reliable predictor of life expectancy.
   In 2013,US researchers found walking pace was linked to lower heart disease risk and longer life expectancy.In 2018,a study from the University of Sydney found picking up your walking pace to even an "average speed" could cut your risk of premature death by a fifth.
   And Tom Yates,the physical activity professor at Leicester who's behind the latest study,has been publishing findings on this connection for years.
   In 2017,he analyzed the same UK Biobank data and found walking speed appeared to affect the risk of dying from heart disease — concluding that the slowest walkers were twice as likely to suffer a heart-related death compared to quick walkers.

(1)What does the underlined word "briskly" in paragraph 2 probably mean?        
A.Casually.
B.Quickly.
C.Actively.
D.Energetically.
(2)What does the paper published last week show?        
A.Most fast walkers are overweight.
B.Fast walkers have a simple way of living.
C.Walking speed can help doctors know about their patients' general health.
D.Doctors will surely have better ways to cure their patients of their illness.
(3)What did US researchers find?        
A.Walking slowly is bad for people's health.
B.Walking speed can predict a person's life expectancy.
C.People won't die early by increasing their walking pace.
D.Lower heart disease risk is determined partly by walking pace.
(4)What's the best title for the text?        
A.Fast Walkers May Have a Long Life Expectancy
B.Life Expectancy Is Determined by Exercise
C.Researchers Try to Improve Life Expectancy
D.The Public Doubt Researches on Walking Speed
13. (本题8分)     Biologists from the John Innes Centre in England discovered that plants have a biological process which divides their amount of stored energy by the length of the night.This solves the problem of how to portion out (分配) energy reserves during the night so that the plant can keep growing yet not risk burning off all its stored energy.
    While the sun shines,plants perform photosynthesis (光合作用).In this process,the plants change sunlight,water and carbon dioxide into stored energy in the form of long chains of sugar,called starch (淀粉).At night,the plants burn this stored starch to fuel continued growth.
    "The calculations are precise so that plants prevent starvation but also make the most efficient use of their food," said study co-author Alison Smith. "If the starch store is used too fast,plants will starve and stop growing during the night.If the store is used too slowly,some of it will be wasted."
    The scientists studied the plant Arabidopsis,which is regarded as a model plant for experiments.To give the plants some math tests,the biologists let night arrive unexpectedly early or late for them.
    During one of the exams,they shut off the lights early on them that had been grown with twelve-hour days and nights.Putting them into darkness after only an eight-hour day means they didn't have time to store as much starch as usual.And this forced the plants to adjust their normal nightly rhythm.
    Amazingly,even after this day length trick,the plants did very well in their exams and ended up with just five percent of starch left over at the end of the night.They had neither starved,nor stored starch that could have been used to fuel more growth.
    The authors suggested that similar biological calculators may explain how a migratory bird,the little stint,can make a five-thousand-kilometer journey to their summer habitat in the Arctic and arrive with enough fat reserves to survive only approximately half a day more,on average.
The results of the study were published in e Life.

(1)According to the passage,plants        .
A.use little energy during the day
B.usually stop growing at night
C.waste a lot of energy at night
D.store starch during the day
(2)What did the scientists do when studying Arabidopsis?        
A.They changed the plant's light conditions.
B.They provided the plant with more starch.
C.They tried to keep the plant's natural rhythm.
D.They attached a biological calculator to the plant.
(3)When morning arrived,the experimental plants        .
A.nearly died of lack of food
B.used most of their stored energy
C.began to regulate their food store
D.stored enough starch for the next day
(4)What can we learn about the little stint?        
A.They may have a system to control energy consumption.
B.They often die during their long and difficult journey.
C.They leave the Arctic in summer every year.
D.They are unable to calculate the distances.
14. (本题8分)     Many years ago,I bumped into an old friend of mine.He had devoted his life to acting but had never been quite successful.In his middle age,he seemed defeated and sad.
    I thought of his dogged (顽强的) perseverance.Was it smart or foolish?What could he have achieved?Had he quit his dream of acting and moved on?Our culture does not look kindly upon quitting.Failure is perfectly acceptable as long as it eventually results in success.
    We chant (反复喊着) "Winners never quit" and "If at first you don't succeed,try again." We lap up (欣然接受) stories of persistence,of the author who submitted stories for years before her novels were published or of the athlete who trained since childhood to win gold at the Olympics.
    Persistence pays off when it is rewarded with success,but it does not reward every person.For every JK Rowling,there are thousands of aspiring writers who will never get published.For every Olympic athlete,there are innumerable (无数的) others who trained every day of their lives and never made the cut.
    We all agree that doing the same things and expecting a different result is unwise.So why do we believe that persevering through failure after failure is a good idea?We consider quitting in the face of failure to be weak.We believe that perseverance is the key to success.Perseverance is only one part of success.You need talent or skill,as well as passion and drive.Luck and timing are also key to any great success.
    Our society believes that anything is possible,as long as you "believe".But not everyone can make it.Quitting when you're not ahead is sometimes the smartest thing to do.Obviously,if you enjoy a pursuit,regardless of its outcome,you should continue.If you knew your novel would never be published,would you want to write?If you could never be a champion swimmer,would you still train?Sometimes,it is wise to put your energy into something else.
    Failure is not always the path to success.Sometimes,failure is the door to something new.

(1)What do we know about the author's old friend?        
A.He was dissatisfied with his acting performance.
B.He switched his dream of acting to something else.
C.He failed in acting because of a lack of persistence.
D.He failed in all attempts to become a successful actor.
(2)The author mentioned JK Rowling mainly to        .
A.explain how she achieved success in writing
B.show that success doesn't happen to everyone
C.prove that success favors those who are perseverant
D.encourage readers to hold onto their dream until they succeed
(3)What is the meaning of the underlined phrase in paragraph 4?        
A.Made out of their dreams.
B.Met the required standard.
C.Improved their performances.
D.Promised to be good players.
(4)What does the author advise us to do if we've failed many times?        
A.Make an effort to try new things.
B.Stick to your goal until we succeed.
C.Wait for the right time and good luck.
D.Ask friends or family members for help.
三、短文填空(1小题共10分)
15. (本题10分)     Just as a philosopher says,I think,therefore I am.However,when it comes to effective teaching and learning informed by cognitive science — the science of the mind — it's perhaps more appropriate to say: (1)        So,what does effortful thinking look like?Here,we explore two modes of effortful thinking,or digging deep.
    (2)        If you were building a well,would you spend five minutes digging a shallow hole and then call it a day,or would you spend time and effort digging continuously until you struck water?I think we can all agree that digging deeper for longer would be best. (3)        The longger and more effortfully we think about something,the more durable its "memory trace" will be and the more accessible that information will become.
   If you want learning to be connected,try digging like an archaeologist.Imagine you are on an archeological dig,carefully unearthing the remains of an ancient city.For instance,rather than simply labeling an item "spoon," you would instead tag it as, "an iron spoon,probably made for a child." You know that organizing items in this way is crucial if you want other archeologists and researchers to identify and make sense of the antique by its parts (child,iron) and connect it to their own work. (4)       
   So,in order to promote your deep,effortful thinking,you'd better use "how/why" questions that invite connections between things and push for the principle behind an idea.Besides,consider "what if..." questions that break the surface features of an idea and invite a consideration of its underlying characteristics. (5)        Lengthen the duration of effortful thinking by keeping yourself at the site of thought for longer.

A.I think deeply,therefore I learn.
B.Thinking deeply often depends on the questions we ask.
C.If you want learning to be durable,try digging a well.
D.Add more tags for others to understand and access later.
E.It's also of great importance not to move on too quickly.
F.You'd better go on with what you are working on rapidly.
G.It turns out the same is true for how we remember things.
四、完形填空(1小题共20分)
16. (本题20分) Last semester in my final year of high school,I had Mr.Smith as my teacher,a teacher that I can never forget.
   I was not necessarily the best student when it came to takings(1)       :While I(2)        learning,I had to work extra hard to get good(3)       .Anyways,this class that I truly enjoyed still had me(4)       to do well on my exams.Mr.Smith(5)        helped me and was always ready to answer my questions,which I greatly(6)       
   I remember the day of taking my final exam,I was the last one still writing and(7)       my exam paper as always,while everyone else had(8)        and left the exam room.Having(9)       my exam paper,I had thought to leave,(10)        I decided to turn around and say what I intended to say.
   What I did right then was that I went over,(11)        to Mr.Smith and thanked him for everything.What I said to him lastly apparently(12)        a lot more to him than I thought it would. "I really enjoyed this class. " I did not think much about it.I was just being(13)       with him,but the look of surprise and(14)        on his face was remarkable.He seemed deeply(15)       and thanked me for my simple(16)       ,just knowing that one of his students had truly enjoyed his class.That is what I call a simple,yet very meaningful act of kindness to(17)        a teacher's day,because they work so hard for us and truly(18)        us to learn.
   I firmly believe such a simple compliment (赞美)can make somebody else's day extra(19)       .So always give acts of kindness a(20)       even a teenager can do it!

(1) A.tests B.exercise C.notes D.chances
(2) A.forgot B.enjoyed C.permitted D.hated
(3) A.approaches B.marks C.attention D.advice
(4) A.struggling B.pretending C.offering D.hesitating
(5) A.calmly B.curiously C.willingly D.proud
(6) A.advocated B.appreciated C.regretted D.ignored
(7) A.designing B.reciting C.reviewing D.grading
(8) A.finished B.copied C.succeeded D.repeated
(9) A.put away B.turned in C.longed for D.given up
(10) A.because B.though C.but D.so
(11) A.waved B.signed C.pointed D.bowed
(12) A.meant B.showed C.took D.explained
(13) A.patient B.honest C.popular D.strict
(14) A.interest B.admiration C.doubt D.joy
(15) A.amused B.touched C.concerned D.confused
(16) A.wish B.report C.tip D.remark
(17) A.lengthen B.record C.brighten D.schedule
(18) A.force B.motivate C.command D.promise
(19) A.special B.lucky C.short D.smooth
(20) A.smile B.gift C.look D.try
五、填空题(1小题共15分)
17. (本题15分) Some teachers are so inspirational(鼓舞人心的)that their influence lives on long after their death.This is true of the Chinese philosopher Confucius,(1)       he may be one of the most quoted(引用)people in history.
    Confucius(2)       (think) education should be for all people.This made him stand out in ancient China.At that time,it was mostly royal and wealthy(3)       (family) that educated their children.Confucius believed everyone should be able to learn about the world and improve himself.
    In politics,Confucius set his humanist ideas into action.He(4)       (quick) learned that many people in power weren't ready for his ideas.He wandered through China,(5)       (look) for other places he could help.Several of his students followed him.
    After returning home,Confucius continued teaching.This is also when Confucius did much of his writing.Today,many people learn about Confucius(6)       reading The Analects.That's where Confucius's version of The Golden Rule shows up,(7)        says,"Do not do to others what you do not want done to yourself."
    Confucius wrote parts of The Analects.Other parts(8)       (write)by his students after his death.It was also after his death(9)       Confucius's ideas became known as Confucianism.Confucianism is more like a way to look at the world.It pushes people(10)       (have) self discipline and a love for humanity.Today,Confucianism influences many people across the world.It is most common in Asian cultures.
六、改错题(1小题共10分)
18. (本题10分) 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
    I took a trip to China a few months ago.It was a wonderful experience where is beyond description.We spent three weeks visit Beijing,Shanghai and several other tourist attraction.The closer we approached the center of China,the much I liked it.Then we went to Hong Kong last week,which I think is different with Beijing.It is noisiest place I have ever seen.And another thing that give me a deep impression was the people in China---they were so friendly.In one word,but the trip itself was interested.I can't wait to flying to China again.
七、书面表达(1小题共25分)
19. (本题25分) 假设你是李华,在美国加利福尼亚(California)参加夏令营期间寄宿在Mr.Smith家里.回国后,你发现你的英语词典遗落在他家,想请他帮忙寄回.请给Mr.Smith写封邮件,内容包括:
1.陈述写信原因;
2.字典可能遗落在何处;
3.邮资由你来付.
注意:1.词数80左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯;
3.开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数.
Dear Mr.Smith,
    How is it going?I'm back home in China now.
       
    Thank you again and I hope to see you soon.
Yours,
Li Hua
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平行组卷明细
2022-2023学年陕西省西安市蓝田县高二(下)期末英语试卷的细目表
  • 题号
  • 考点
  • 操作
  • 1
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 2
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 3
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 4
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 5
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 6
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 7
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 8
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 9
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 10
  • 听短文,
  • 查看
  • 11
  • 自然科学研究成果,说明文,
  • 查看
  • 12
  • 说明文,
  • 查看
  • 13
  • 自然科学研究成果,说明文,
  • 查看
  • 14
  • 自我认识,议论文,
  • 查看
  • 15
  • 教育,说明文,
  • 查看
  • 16
  • 记叙文,
  • 查看
  • 17
  • 人与自我,
  • 查看
  • 18
  • 人与自我,
  • 查看
  • 19
  • 提纲作文,
  • 查看
细目重组明细
2022-2023学年陕西省西安市蓝田县高二(下)期末英语试卷的细目表
  • 题号
  • 考点
  • 选题
  • 1
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 2
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 3
  • 听短对话,
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