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德优网2022陕西省西安市阎良区高中英语考试期末高二下

2021-2022学年陕西省西安市阎良区高二(下)期末英语试卷

试卷总分:150分    命题人:dygzyyyn    考试时长:120分钟

一、听力题(10小题共40分)
1. (本题2分) How does the woman feel now?
A.Relaxed.
B.Excited.
C.Tired.
2. (本题2分) Where has John moved?
A.In a quiet place.
B.Near the school.
C.In the school.
3. (本题2分) What does the woman want to feed her child?
A.Ice cream.
B.Milk.
C.Rice.
4. (本题2分) What does the man tell Jane to do?
A.Return at 3 o'clock.
B.Meet Mr.Douglas.
C.Put off his appointment.
5. (本题2分) How much will the man pay?
A. ﹩100.
B. ﹩ 80.
C. ﹩ 20.
6. (本题4分) 听材料,回答问题
(1)Where does the conversation probably take place?
A.In the hospital.
B.In the zoo.
C.In the man's home.
(2)What does the woman suggest the man do?
A.Try another cat food.
B.Buy a pet cat.
C.Feed a cat.
7. (本题4分) 听材料,回答问题。
(1)Why does the woman talk with the man?
A.To invite him to the club.
B.To borrow a book from him.
C.To ask his opinion about a book.
(2)How often does the group meet?
A.Twice a month.
B.Once a month.
C.Once a week.
(3)What can we learn about The Kite Runner?
A.It was mainly about making kites.
B.It was written in the 1970s.
C.It was set in Afghanistan.
8. (本题6分) 听材料,回答问题
(1)Which part of the man's body was injured?
A.An eye.
B.A leg.
C.An arm.
(2)When will the man probably go back to work?
A.In one month.
B.Next year.
C.This week.
(3)Who is Molly most probably?
A.The man's wife.
B.The man's boss.
C.The man's doctor.
(4)Where has the man been for his holiday?
A.To the woods.
B.To the seaside.
C.To the mountains.
9. (本题8分) 听材料,回答问题
(1)What are the speakers talking about?
A.Modern technologies.
B.Washing machines.
C.Unemployment.
(2)Who does the housework at the woman's house?
A.The woman's father.
B.Machines.
C.The maid.
(3)What do the speakers agree about machine teachers?
A.They are both artists and scientists.
B.They will replace human teachers.
C.They are useful but can't replace human.
10. (本题8分) 听材料,回答问题
(1)What is the most special part of the toy mystery box?
A.Its collectible toys.
B.Its packaging.
C.Its value.
(2)What attracts millions of people to book the air ticket mystery box?
A.The low price.
B.The destination.
C.The adventure.
(3)Why do some people think the air ticket mystery box makes people spend more money?
A.Because of the uncertain date.
B.Because of the unknown route.
C.Because of the actual expenses.
二、阅读理解(4小题共30分)
11. (本题6分) Boston Travel Guide Boston is home to America's first large free public library,first subway system,first public school and first pubic park.A well-rounded trip to Boston mixes the classic with the modern.Don't miss out on the opportunity to visit here.
   Best Things to Do
   Boston's nearly four-century-long history is displayed by the city's must-see sights.Start your tour on the Freedom Trail,which will lead you to landmarks like the Paul Revere House and Boston Common,a central public park.Or,discover Boston's artistic side at the Museum of Fine Arts and its fashion sense along Newbury Street.If you're a fan of baseball,you can't miss catching a game at Fenway Park,home to the beloved Boston Red Sox.
   Best Months to Visit
   The best time to visit Boston is from June to October.Mild weather makes touring around on foot a joy.And even though summer brings in a crowd of tourists and expensive hotel rates,the sidewalk cafes,baseball games and outdoor concerts make it worth a trip.Winter is cold.But the benefit is that you might save a great deal on a hotel in winter.If winter is too cold for you and summer and autumn's hotel rates fall outside your budget,try visiting at the start of the spring season.
   Culture
   Boston takes pride in its intellectual and academic roots.Around 100 colleges and universities call the Greater Boston area home,including some of the country's most famous.Harvard University and Massachusetts Institute of Technology are both located in the Boston metropolitan area.Today,this impressive collection of schools also keeps the area young and forward-thinking,as Boston has one of the largest student populations in the country.

(1)Where can visitors watch a baseball game?        
A.At Paul Revere House.
B.In Boston Common.
C.At Fenway Park.
D.On Newbury Street.
(2)What is the advantage of visiting Boston in winter?        
A.More visitors.
B.Lower hotel costs.
C.Fun winter activities.
D.Wonderful outside concerts.
(3)What makes Boston young and forward-thinking?        
A.Its collecting experts in many fields.
B.Its offering exciting activities to visitors.
C.Its holding numerous newly built colleges.
D.Its having a large number of young students.
12. (本题8分) Noise created by humans,such as car traffic,quieted by about 30% between late March and early May,2020,when Governor Greg Abbott closed schools and restaurants across Texas,according to analysis by researchers at Southern Methodist University (SMU).
   "There was quite a big change in some areas," said Stephen Arrowsmith,a seismologist at SMU,who took on the project with a class of undergraduate and graduate students.Arrowsmith and his students looked at data from a dozen seismometers (地震仪) across North Texas.Seismometers are used to detect earthquakes,but they are sensitive to just about everything that makes the ground vibrate,such as strong winds,ocean waves,construction and traffic.
   The innovative idea of using seismometers to track urban noise gained popularity last March when Belgian seismologist Thomas Lecocq posted some of his urban noise data from Brussels on Twitter.Lecocq,of the Royal Observatory of Belgium,received such an enthusiastic response from scientists that he launched the group "Lockdown Seismology" online. "It's where bored seismologists around the world are working together," Arrowsmith joked.
   Arrowsmith hopes his findings will contribute to a growing list of creative ways in which researchers are using seismometers.In his course,Arrowsmith teaches students how seismic stations can help investigators solve crimes,like terrorist bombings,aid scientists in tracking nuclear tests or assist inspectors in investigating accidents,like chemical plant explosions.One potential application of his research is to better understand the shallow layers of Earth beneath cities. "That could be useful in places where there's a real seismic hazard,like San Francisco or Los Angeles," he said, "where just knowing what that shallow structure is tells you a lot about how it would respond in a big earthquake."

(1)What did the researchers do to obtain the data of noise in Texas?        
A.They observed car traffic.
B.They surveyed their students.
C.They consulted the governor.
D.They employed Seismometers.
(2)What is a direct result of Lecocq's posting some of his urban noise data?        
A.Urban noise is reduced.
B.Crime investigation is simplified.
C.Seismologists are attracted.
D.Earthquake detection is improved.
(3)What does the underlined word "hazard" in Paragraph 4 refer to?        
A.Risk.
B.Spot.
C.Assistance.
D.Report.
(4)What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the seismometer?        
A.Its possible risks.
B.Its potential applications.
C.Its appeal to the public.
D.Its market value.
13. (本题8分) Alcohol was the leading risk factor for disease and premature death in men and women between the ages of 15 and 49 worldwide in 2016,accounting for nearly one in ten deaths,according to a study published in The Lancet in 2018. "It has been known for decades that heavy drinking is bad for brain health," said Sadie Boniface,head of research at the UK's Institute of Alcohol Studies.While there is no such thing as a "safe" level of drinking,with increased consumption of alcohol associated with poorer brain health,according to a recent study.
   In the observational study,researchers from the University of Oxford studied the relationship between the self-reported alcohol intake of some 25,000 people in the UK,and their brain scans.The researchers noted that drinking had an effect on the brain's gray matter—regions in the brain that make up "important bits where information is processed," according to lead author Anya Topiwala,a senior clinical researcher at Oxford.
   "The more people drank,the less the volume of their gray matter," Topiwala said via email. "Brain volume reduces with age and more severely with dementia (痴呆).Smaller brain volume also predicts worse performance on memory testing," she explained. "While alcohol only made a small contribution to this (0.8%),it was a greater contribution than other 'changeable' risk factors," she said,explaining that changeable risk factors are "ones you can do something about,in contrast to aging."
   The team also investigated whether certain drinking patterns,beverage types and other health conditions made a difference to the impact of alcohol on brain health.They found that there was no "safe" level of drinking—meaning that consuming any amount of alcohol was worse than not drinking it.They also found no evidence that the type of drink—such as wine,spirits or beer—affected the harm done to the brain.
   However,certain characteristics,such as high blood pressure or obesity,could put people at higher risk,researchers added.So we shouldn't forget alcohol affects all parts of the body and there are multiple health risks.

(1)How was the observational study developed?        
A.By comparing brain and health.
B.By comparing people and the researchers.
C.By comparing information and gray matter.
D.By comparing alcohol intake and brain scans.
(2)What is the result of the research?        
A.Drinking wine have no impact on brain.
B.Drinking spirits have more impact on brain.
C.Drinking alcohol can cause reducing of brain volume.
D.Drinking alcohol can lead to obesity.
(3)Which of the following groups has a higher risk when drinking alcohol?        
A.People drinking more types.
B.People with high blood pressure.
C.People selling the wine.
D.People with diabetes.
(4)What can be the best title for the passage?        
A.Stay Away From Alcohol.
B.Lack of Sleep.
C.Consumer Health.
D.Keep-fit Exercise.
14. (本题8分) Sea stars can grow new arms.Crayfish can grow new claws.There are interesting creatures that can grow back body parts if accidents happen.However,that is child's play after what researchers saw a sea slug(海蛞蝓) do.
   According to a new discovery by Sayaka Mitoh and her colleagues of Nara Women's University in Japan,two species of sea slugs managed to lose their heads and then began crawling around.Eventually,they grew an entirely new body. "We were surprised to see the head moving just after it was removed," said Sayaka Mitoh. "We thought that it would die soon without a heart and other important organs,but we were surprised again to find that it regenerated the whole body."
   After the initial discovery,the researchers found that for younger slugs,the detached heads began eating algae within hours.The wound typically closed at the back of the head within days.They started regrowing a heart within a week and the regeneration of the entire body was finished after around three weeks.Older slugs weren't as fortunate.Often the heads didn't feed,so they died in about 10 days.Young or old,the headless bodies never generated a new head.But they did move around and respond to being touched for several days and sometimes months after losing their heads.
   The researchers aren't sure why the sea slugs dropped their heads or how they're able to grow new bodies.They may have parasites(寄生虫) that can hurt reproduction so they are removing their heads in order to also remove the parasites.But the researchers aren't sure what prompts them to know when to cast off the body when they do it.Sayaka Mitoh says they believe there must be cells located in the neck that are similar to stem cells.These are able to regenerate a new body.
   How the heads can survive without a heart and other vital organs is another puzzle.The researchers say these sea slugs fuel their bodies by photosynthesis(光合作用).They rely on chloroplasts from algae in their own bodies when other food isn't available,a process known as kleptoplasty(盗食质体).They think this might help them survive long enough to regenerate a body.
   "As the separated body is often active for months,we may be able to study the mechanism and functions of kleptoplasty using living organs,tissues,or even cells," Sayaka Mitoh said. "Such studies are almost completely lacking,as most studies on kleptoplasty in these animals are done either at the genetic or individual levels."

(1)What surprised Sayaka Mitoh and her colleagues?        
A.The sea slug could regrow a new body.
B.The sea slug could remove its own head.
C.The sea slug could survive without oxygen.
D.The headless sea slug could grow a new head.
(2)What happened to older sea slugs after they lost their heads?        
A.Their heads survived by eating algae.
B.They healed the wound within ten days.
C.They lost their sense of touch and died soon.
D.Their bodies kept moving around all the time.
(3)What may make sea slugs drop their heads according to researchers?        
A.To generate new stem cells.
B.To get rid of parasites.
C.To get away from predators.
D.To end their reproductive cycle.
(4)What is Paragraph 5 mainly about?        
A.The process of sea slugs hunting for food.
B.The importance of studying functions of kleptoplasty.
C.The condition for sea slugs to perform photosynthesis.
D.The reason for sea slugs to survive the loss of their bodies.
三、短文填空(1小题共10分)
15. (本题10分) As is known,Albert Einstein was one of the greatest scientists of all time.He was also a really great person.
   Einstein learned from making mistakes
   (1)       ,someone asked him what he needed.He said he needed a desk,some paper and pencil.He also needed a basket to hold his mistakes.Thiows that he knew even the cleverest man in the world can only learn by making mistakes.
   (2)       
   Many children wrote letters to ask him for help with their homework.One day,he wrote a letter to a young girl to tell her not to worry about her Maths homework because he thought Maths was difficult too.
   Einstein considered time to be important
   He never wore socks because he thought putting on socks was a waste of time as people already wore shoes.He also thought remembering things found in books was not worth it. (3)       .He knew what was worth remembering.It is true that if we are going to do great things in our lives,we cannot waste time.
   Einstein liked to joke too
   In one exam,a student asked him why all the questions were the same as last year's.Einstein replied the questions were the same,but the answers were different.(4)       !
   When Einstein was a child,his teachers used to say he was not clever.However,Einstein kept working hard and surprised the world with his achievements.(5)       ,we should think of him.So,never be discouraged!

A.Einstein was also very modest
B.What a humorous person he is
C.Einstein was also strict with his students
D.When Einstein started to work in America
E.Give students a chance to correct their mistakes
F.If we ever feel like giving up when we have problems
G.That's why he never remembered his own phone number
四、完形填空(1小题共20分)
16. (本题20分) The first prize usually goes to the swiftest,but sometimes,the first one to cross the finish line isn't the only winner.Nowhere was that more(1)       than in a recent race in Shelbyville,Indiana.
   With less than a mile to go,Levi LaGrange from Western Boone High School accidentally(2)       a small stone on the rough ground,twisting his ankle.He signaled to Sheridan High School senior Axel Aleman that he could(3)       him,but at that moment,the race became a matter Aleman was less(4)       about.
   "I saw he was in(5)       ," Aleman recalled. "As I got closer to him,he was(6)       to move.I asked if he was fine.He said he felt like something broken."
   In an extraordinary act of true sportsmanship,Aleman(7)       to leave LaGrange behind.Placing an encouraging hand at the back of his(8)       ,for the rest leg of the race,Aleman(9)       LaGrange.The two crossed the(10)       and Aleman even ensured LaGrange went first.
   LaGrange's mother was impressed by Aleman's thoughtful(11)        —especially since the two had(12)       met before. "It takes a lot for an 18-year-old to(13)       his position in the competition," she said. "Axel never left Levi's side." Aleman's own mother,(14)       ,was not at all surprised by his son's goodwill. "It really speaks to Axel's(15)       .He is always concerned about others more than himself," she said.
   When you're standing at a crossroad—or running by it—you can choose the path of(16)       ,or you can go the extra mile for someone(17)       .For this teen athlete,the(18)       is clear.While we might not always recognize when life hands us a(19)       for grace(风度),when it does,in the words of Axel Aleman, "I would just really hope people do the(20)       thing."
(1) A.common B.true C.ridiculous D.unreasonable
(2) A.hit B.spotted C.picked D.threw
(3) A.help B.follow C.pass D.heal
(4) A.concerned B.curious C.certain D.hopeful
(5) A.a field B.the way C.a hurry D.great pain
(6) A.continuing B.pretending C.struggling D.conducting
(7) A.chose B.refused C.preferred D.meant
(8) A.competitor B.teammate C.schoolmate D.acquaintance
(9) A.dealt with B.caught up with C.accompanied with D.put up with
(10) A.check point B.cheering crowds C.sports field D.finish line
(11) A.service B.behaviour C.guidance D.operation
(12) A.already B.just C.once D.never
(13) A.find out B.give up C.show off D.depend on
(14) A.however B.otherwise C.therefore D.besides
(15) A.ability B.courage C.appearance D.character
(16) A.self-control B.self- interest C.self-discipline D.self-confidence
(17) A.in peace B.in order C.in need D.in relief
(18) A.question B.arrangement C.choice D.process
(19) A.chance B.demand C.talent D.skill
(20) A.urgent B.unexpected C.awful D.right
五、填空题(1小题共15分)
17. (本题15分) In Western high schools,poetry is seldom taught because it is considered old-fashioned and not associated(1)       the life of today's students.Poetry is the forgotten child of literature.
    In China,poetry is still(2)       important part of the curriculum.Firstly,poetry is an essential part of learning traditional Chinese culture.It is a way(3)       (learn) about history and society.It is also the key to understanding different(4)       (think) and feelings,which are common to everyone but(5)       we may be unable to express.
    Everyone(6)       (have) feelings of joy,love,loneliness,and even anger,and a good poem can put those feelings into words and bring us self-understanding.Poems can also express beauty.In a few short(7)       (line),something common can become beautiful.Here is a poem by Carl Sandberg:"The fog comes/on little cat feet." Yes,fog does move(8)       (silent) like a cat,and Sandberg catches that feeling and image,making it beautiful.
    The American poet Robert Frost said, "Poetry is when an emotion has found(9)       (it) thought and the thought has found its words." Poetry is a song without music and it has to(10)       (read) aloud.Most ancient poetry,like China's Book of Songs(《诗经》),had been spoken for hundreds of years before it was written.
六、改错题(1小题共10分)
18. (本题10分) 假如英语课上老师要求同学们交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处错误。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

    Several of my family member are teachers or medical professionals,so the impact of making a difference has been apparent to me since at a young age.People often think "making a difference" means you have to helping many people or donate so many money.For me,it means make small changes to my life.It also means there's a change for the better in other people lives.I wouldn't be who I am without people helping us in the darkest times.No matter how a big difference you think you've made,you can always do more.It is never-ending challenge and it is of great important to our society.
七、书面表达(1小题共25分)
19. (本题25分) 假定你是高中生李华,你邻居的女儿每天中午都在家弹钢琴,给你的网课学习和生活带来了很大的困扰。请你给邻居Mrs.Li写一封投诉信。内容包括:
1.说明困扰你的问题;
2.投诉的原因;
3.解决问题的建议。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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2021-2022学年陕西省西安市阎良区高二(下)期末英语试卷的细目表
  • 题号
  • 考点
  • 操作
  • 1
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 2
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 3
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 4
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 5
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 6
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 7
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 8
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 9
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 10
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 11
  • 应用文,
  • 查看
  • 12
  • 日常生活,说明文,
  • 查看
  • 13
  • 说明文,
  • 查看
  • 14
  • 科普知识,说明文,
  • 查看
  • 15
  • 人与自我,
  • 查看
  • 16
  • 记叙文,
  • 查看
  • 17
  • 生命的意义与价值,
  • 查看
  • 18
  • 人与自我,
  • 查看
  • 19
  • 提纲作文,
  • 查看
细目重组明细
2021-2022学年陕西省西安市阎良区高二(下)期末英语试卷的细目表
  • 题号
  • 考点
  • 选题
  • 1
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 2
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 3
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 4
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 5
  • 听短对话,
  • 查看
  • 6
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 7
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
  • 8
  • 听长对话,
  • 查看
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