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218074. （2023•田家炳中学•高二上二月） There are hundreds of bacterial（细菌的） species in our stomach.Bacterial diversity is a good thing，a general contributor to and marker of good health.But what does a healthy stomach look like？Studies indicate that the composition varies by many factors.
   One of the most important，it turns out，is who you currently live with.Researchers have come to the conclusion：Diet and heritability（遗传力） are known to affect the microbiome（微生物组），but social relationshipape it most—especially when it comes to marriage.The Dutch Project，which studied microbes in 8，208 individuals belonging to three generations，finds that the heritability of microbes is only 1.9 percent.They noticed much greater similarity among the unrelated individualaring a household than among relatives who do not share households，including twins whose living situations differ in adulthood.
   The researchers found that nearly 50 percent of microbial types were significantly affected by cohabitation.In general，the microbiomes of all types of cohabitors （including parents and children） were more similar than those of participants living separately no matter their relatedness.Married couples who report having a close，loving relationship have the most similarity.Evidence of microbial sharing，especially of rare species，shows exchanges through interactions.And that puts highlight on acts of close relationship—including kissing.Scientists have known for decades that social relationships，especially marriage，powerfully affect health.Not only are the microbiomes of cohabiting couples more similar to each other；they also are more similarly diverse.There is a greater richness of species than in unmarried，noncohabiting individuals.
   Despite the dominating influence of a close，cohabiting relationship，the microbiome can be different in diet，especially one rich in plant fiber.It can also be influenced by behavior，such as farming and gardening and exercise.Moreover，it's adaptable to environment—green space and pollutants around you.Living in a rural environment brings increases in bacteria linked to health，and decreases in bacteria that are harmful.Living with pets also has a positive effect on the microbiome，while exposure to air pollution，especially car exhaust，and passive exposure to cigarette smoke have negative effects.
   It can also be affected by direct addition of specific species of bacteria，delivered in consumable probiotics（口服益生菌）.There are probiotics now marketed for digestive health，others aimed at immune health，and still others for boosting mood.Now that it's clear that social relations play the largest role in the makeup of the microbiome，can probiotics for singles be far behind？

（1）Which group has the most similar microbiomes？
A．Husband and wife.
B．Adult twins.
B．Grandfather and grandson.
D．Colleagues.
（2）What can we learn from this passage？
A．Diet has a dominating influence on microbiomes.
B．Cohabitation is helpful for us to have a balanced diet.
C．Social relations play a similar role as some probiotics.
D．The microbiomes in couples are less diverse than singles.
（3）Which would be the best title for the passage？
A．Who Are the Healthiest People？
B．How Does Social Life Affect Our Health？
C．What Will a Healthy Stomach Look Like？
D．How Do Microbiomes Work in Our Body？

共享时间:2023-12-15 难度:2

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[考点]

健康，说明文，

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[解析]

（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Researchers have come to the conclusion：Diet and heritability（遗传力） are known to affect the microbiome（微生物组），but social relationships shape it most—especially when it comes to marriage. （研究人员得出结论：饮食遗传力已知会影响微生物组，但社会关系影响最大，尤其是婚姻关系。）以及"They noticed much greater similarity among the unrelated individuals sharing a household than among relatives who do not share households，including twins whose living situations differ in adulthood."（他们注意到，与不同住的亲戚相比，同住一个家庭的无血缘关系的人之间有更大的相似性，包括成年后生活状况不同的双胞胎。）可知，丈夫和妻子的关系会具有相似的微生物群。A.Husband and wife.夫妻；B.Adult twins.成年双胞胎；C.Grandfather and grandson.爷爷和孙子；D.Colleagues.同事。故选A项。
（2）推理判断题。根据最后一段Now that it's clear that social relations play the largest role in the makeup of the microbiome，can probiotics for singles be far behind？（既然社会关系在微生物的构成中起着重大的作用，那么单身者们的益生菌还会远吗？）可知，社会关系和一些益生菌都在微生物的构成中起着重要作用，由此可推知，社会关系和一些益生菌有着相似的作用。故选C。
（3）标题归纳题。结合文章第二段One of the most important，it turns out，is who you currently live with（事实证明，最重要的一个因素是你现在和谁住在一起）和第三段 The researchers found that nearly 50 percent of microbial types were significantly affected by cohabitation（研究人员发现，近50%的微生物种类受到同居的显著影响）可知本文主要讲述了因此介绍了一个健康的胃的组成是有很多不同的因素，很多社交因素影响了我们的健康。B.How Does Social Life Affect Our Health？（社交生活如何影响我们的健康？）最适合做文章标题，故选B。

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204242. （2023•长安区一中•高二上期末）     All it takes is three continuous nights of sleep loss to cause your mental and physical well-being to greatly worsen.
    A new study looked at the consequences of sleeping fewer than six hours for eight nights on end — the minimum duration of sleep that is necessary to support best health in average adults.
    Lead author Soomi Lee，assistant professor at the University of South Florida，found the biggest jump in symptoms appeared after just one night of sleep loss.The number of mental and physical problems steadily got worse，peaking on day three.At that point，research shows the human body got relatively used to repeated sleep loss.But that all changed on day six，when participants reported that the severity of physical symptoms was at its worst.
    "Many of us think that we can pay our sleep debt on weekends and be more productive on weekdays." Lee said. "However，results from this study show that having just one night of sleep loss can significantly weaken your daily functioning."
    Data provided by the Midlife in the United Study included nearly 2000 middle-aged adults who were relatively healthy and well-educated.Among them 42% had at least one night of sleep loss，sleeping 1.5 fewer hours than their typical routines.
    They recorded their mental and physical behaviors in a diary for eight days in a row，allowing researchers to review how sleep loss causes wear and tear on the body.Participants reported a pile-up of angry，nervous，lonely，bad-tempered and frustrated feelings as a result of sleep loss.They also experienced more physical symptoms，such as upper respiratory issues，aches，gastrointestinal （肠胃的） problems and other health concerns.
    These negative feelings and symptoms were continuously sharpened throughout continuous sleep loss days and didn't return to baseline levels unless they had a night sleep of more than six hours.
    Lee says the best way to maintain a strong daily performance is to set aside more than six hours to sleep every night.

（1）When did participants have the worst physical symptoms？        ?
A．On day 1.
B．On day 3.
C．On day 6.
D．On day 8.
（2）What does the fourth paragraph suggest？        ?
A．We can make up for sleep loss on weekends.
B．We can improve our efficiency if we sleep enough on weekends.
C．Even one night of sleep loss can affect our daily performance.
D．It doesn't matter if we don't get enough sleep occasionally.
（3）How can we solve the problems caused by sleep loss？        ?
A．By setting aside over 5 hours each night.
B．By reducing negative feelings and symptoms.
C．By doing exercise and listening to music.
D．By sparing over 6 hours to sleep each night.
（4）What is the text mainly about？        ?
A．The concept of sleep loss.
B．The consequences of sleep loss.
C．The methods of avoiding sleep loss.
D．The causes of sleep loss.

共享时间:2023-02-08 难度:2 相似度:2

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213850. （2022•师大附中•高二下期中） A strong coffee after a poor night's sleep is the kick-start many people need in the morning but new research suggests that it might be best to have a bite to eat first.
   A study has found that drinking coffee first can have a negative effect on blood sugar control — a risk factor for diabetes （糖尿病） and heart disease.
   "We know that nearly half of us will wake in the morning and，before doing anything else，drink coffee — subjectively the more tired we feel，the stronger the coffee，" said Professor James Betts，at the University of Bath in the UK.
   For their study，researchers at the University of Bath got 29 healthy men and women to take part in three different overnight experiments，with at least a week between them.
   In one，the participants had a normal night's sleep，roughly from 11 p.m.to 7 a.m.，and were asked to consume a sugary drink on waking in the morning.Then they experienced an interrupted night's sleep，where the researchers woke them every hour for five minutes by sending them text messages to which they had to respond — and upon waking were given the same sugary drink.
   On another night，participants experienced the same sleep interruption，but this time were first given a strong black coffee 30 minutes before consuming the sugary drink.
   They found that one night of interrupted sleep did not worsen the participants' blood sugar and insulin （胰岛素） responses when compared to the normal night's sleep — although previous research suggested that losing many hours of sleep or many nights of poor sleep could have a negative effect.However，strong black coffee consumed before breakfast actually increased the blood sugar response by around 50% — suggesting that relying on coffee after a bad night to stop feeling sleepy could limit your body's ability to tolerate the sugar in your breakfast.

（1）What does the underlined word "kick-start" in paragraph 1 refer to？
A．A kind of sport.
B．A kind of belief.
C．A kind of medicine.
D．A kind of power.
（2）What was unchanged in the three experiments？
A．The duration of sleep.
B．The sugary drink.
C．The blood sugar response.
D．The intake of coffee.
（3）What increased the participants' blood sugar response most before breakfast？
A．A normal sugary drink.
B．A normal night's sleep.
C．A cup of strong black coffee.
D．An interrupted night's sleep.
（4）How did researchers draw the conclusion？
A．By comparing the results.
B．By listing some examples.
C．By surveying the participants.
D．By referring to some documents.

共享时间:2022-05-13 难度:2 相似度:2

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212638. （2025•铁一中学•高二下期中）     People vary in how well they discriminate and identify foods.The variation is explained by a general ability to recognize objects.We researchers originally theorized the variability might also be associated with people's attitude toward new foods.Those who endorse statements like"I am particular about what I eat"have food neophobia—refusal of food novelty.Sure enough，our study did find picky eaters scored worst on our tests of food recognition：Food neophobia is negatively correlated with food recognition ability.
    While we were publishing our finding，scientists were debating new findings about how the brain reacts to food and color.Different research groups had identified brain areas in the visual system that responded preferentially to images of food.For instance，looking at a bowl of noodles would activate these brain areas，but not looking at a pile of string.The scientific disagreement was about what it meant to identify a selectivity for food in brain areas already known for their responsiveness to color.
    We repeated our initial study with gray-scale images of food.The result showed without color，people unsurprisingly made more errors，mistaking different dishes as the same，but the pattern of variation across people was otherwise unchanged.Those with a higher general visual ability did better with food.We also found one effect of removing color：Food neophobia was no longer correlated with food recognition ability.It was as if whatever advantage the adventurous eaters had gained over picky ones was all dependent on color.
    We then made an entirely new prediction：Would people with color blindness be less food neophobic than those with normal color perception？Because the colorblind experience food in a restricted range of color，certain signals that raise flags about freshness，safety，or otherwise drive anxiety about novel food could be limited.
    We invited participants online，based on how they answered one question about color blindness buried in a long screening questionnaire.The survey suggested colorblind people were indeed less food neophobic than the non-colorblind.Seeing the world with a narrow color range seems to ease an emotion-based resistance to novel foods.
    Our findings pave the way for addressing extreme cases of food neophobia.As researchers learn more about the complicated relevance between color perception and food，we might develop targeted interventions to improve dietary habits.

（1）What does the underlined word"endorse"mean in paragraph 1？
A.Comment on.
B.Approve of.
C.Worry about.
D.Argue against.
（2）What's the purpose of writing paragraph 2？
A.To illustrate an argument.
B.To emphasize the value of science.
C.To explain the background of later tests.
D.To indicate a positive academic atmosphere.
（3）Why are colorblind people less food neophobic according to the study？
A.They're born with a bigger appetite.
B.They're more expert at recognizing food.
C.They prefer to take risks and try fresh things.
D.They fail to perceive some food signs causing tension.
（4）How did the author uncover the effect of color on emotional responses to food？
A.By experiencing food diversity firsthand.
B.By analyzing feedback from respondents.
C.By testing brains' reaction to colorful foods.
D.By monitoring picky eaters' dietary variations.

共享时间:2025-05-21 难度:2 相似度:2

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201988. （2023•新城区•二模） Childhood obesity（肥胖）isn't only caused by over eating.A lot of environmental and lifestyle variables—such as skipping breakfast，irregular sleeping patterns and less sleep time—also contribute towards this disturbing trend，says a new study.
   According to the study conducted by University College London's researchers，children who skip breakfast and sleep less are more likely to have bigger appetites and tend to consume more energy-rich foods throughout the day，leading to excessive weight gain.The team also found that smoking habit of mothers during pregnancy（怀孕）is also one of the contributory factors for a child being overweight.
   Interestingly，these results challenge the conventional belief that over-eating is main cause of increasing obesity rates among children.In addition，factors like watching too much television，consuming sugary drinks，eating fruits and introducing solid food sooner don't certainly lead to childhood obesity.
   The researchers used data from a multi-disciplinary research project that tracks the lives：of children from 19，244 families across the UK，born from September 2020 to January.2021.After analyzing the data，they found that in UK，83.3%of new babies had non-overweight and stable.BMI （身体质量指数）.Only 1% had a mildly increasing BMI，while another 2.5% tended to have a sharply increasing BMI.However，due to poor lifestyle choices and environmental factors，6% of the children were already overweight when they were three years old.
   The study authors concluded that modifying（更改） a child's environment early in life can go a long way in reducing their chances of gaining abnormal weight，which can also affect their health in later years.
   The researchers recommended that dealing with the childhood obesity calls for a mixture of preventive actions，for example，creating awareness among the families around the benefits of a healthy lifestyle and also instructing and supporting parents throughout the pregnancy，and even before and after it.

（1）What is paragraph 2 mainly about？
A．The effect of childhood obesity.
B．The irregular lifestyle of children.
C．The new trend of social development.
D．The causes of children being overweight.
（2）What do people usually think leads to childhood obesity？
A．Sleeping less and skipping breakfast.
B．Watching too much TV and playing games.
C．Smoking and introducing solid food sooner.
D．Consuming too much food and sugary drinks.
（3）What can we know from the data of the research in UK？
A．The obesity rates among children were not high.
B．Most of the children didn't get energy-rich foods.
C．The irregular lifestyle had little effect on children.
D．The study result was beyond researchers' expectation.
（4）What suggestion do the researchers offer parents？
A．Improving the living environment.
B．Protecting children from any harm.
C．Increasing their physical activity.
D．Raising awareness of healthy lifestyle.

共享时间:2023-03-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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204595. （2023•高新一中•高二下期末）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Do Weighted Blankets Work？ Sleep is supposed to be a natural thing，but if you wrestle with insomnia（失眠症），you may be tempted to try pieces of equipment that promise better sleep.（1）
    "They've become the sleep tool to have，" says Alanna McGinn，founder and lead sleep expert at Good Night Sleep Site. "I'm a huge supporter of them because they can work so well."
    About 32 percent of Americans don't get enough sleep，according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.（2）        Insomnia impacts as many as 35 percent of adults from time to time，while 10 percent have chronic trouble falling and staying asleep.Choose one that's around 10 percent of your body weight.
    （3）        Inside is a layer of plastic，glass or metal balls surrounded by filling.McGinn says the blanket's heaviness acts as a touch therapy called deep pressure stimulation.Just as wrapping babies tightly can send them to sleep，these blankets help your heart and breathing rates slow and your body release feel-good hormones，including serotonin（血清素）.
    Are they effective？A 2020 review study in the U.S.looked at eight previous studies and concluded that weighted blankets helped reduce anxiety—but not necessarily insomnia.（4）        A randomized controlled study in Sweden looked at 120 people with insomnia and also depression or anxiety.（5）        People with conditions such as diabetes or breathing issues，however，should check with their doctor before using one. "And if you're someone who is a little afraid of an enclosed space，it's probably not the best thing for you，" adds McGinn.

A.It recommends at least seven hours a night for adults.
B.Those who used a weighted blanket slept better and were less tired or anxious.
C.The study found a significant rise in the related symptoms.
D.But other 2020 research tells a slightly different story.
E.One that might sound a little weird but that has been known to work is a weighted blanket.
F.Dealing with such problems can be more or less tricky.
G.Weighted blankets range between two and 14 kilograms

共享时间:2023-07-08 难度:2 相似度:2

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217859. （2024•铁一中学•高一上一月）     Dog owners walked about 23 minutes longer each day than non-dog owners.In a new study，dog owners took 2，760 additional steps-compared to people who didn't have a dog at home.But here's the real good news：That extra exercise could help adults meet their recommended weekly totals for physical activity.
    The research，published in BMC Public Health，focused on adults 65 and older，who tend to be less active than younger people.The study included 43 dog owners and 43 non-dog owners，all of whom were monitored （监控） continuously for three week-long periods.When they compared the two groups，the researchers found that dog ownership was connected with a large，potentially health-improving effect.
    Dog owners walked about 23 minutes longer each day than non-dog owners，119 minutes against 96 minutes on average.They also took an additional 2，760 steps，and had eight fewer continuous periods of sitting down.Most of that extra walking was done at proper pace，100 or more steps a minute.Dog owners walked at this pace for 32 minutes a day，against just 11 minutes a day for non-dog owners.
    The World Health Organization （WHO） suggests that adults get at least 150 minutes of physical activity a week.This increased walking time alone could satisfy that requirement，say the researchers - so it makes sense that 87 percent of dog owners in the study met these guidelines，versus just 47 percent of non-dog owners.
    Co-author Nancy Gee says that pet ownership may help older adults get more activity or keep their current activity level for a longer period of time. "This could improve their chances of a better quality of life，improved cognition （认知），and perhaps，even a long life， " she said.Here at Health，we'll add that caring for pets has been shown to have plenty of other physical and mental health benefits as well.

（1）What can we learn about the research？
A．It was targeted at old people.
B．It had an undesirable effect on dog owners.
C．It was sponsored （资助） by the BMC Public Heal.
D．It mainly considered the mental health of dog owners.
（2）What does the author intend to do in paragraph 3？
A．To show the guidelines of the research.
B．To present the results of the research.
C．To describe the process of doing the research.
D．To explain the reasons for conducting the research.
（3）What does Nancy Gee think of owning a dog？
A．It will take a lot of time.
B．It will surely help people live a long life.
C．It enables older adults to live a healthy life.
D．It helps young adults to improve their quality of life.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．Young people walk less today
B．Animal lovers are healthier
C．Non-pet owners enjoy more pleasure
D．Dog owners walk way more

共享时间:2024-10-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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204441. （2023•临潼区•高一下期末）     Mounting evidence suggests that longtime sitting—a main part of modern-day life—is risky to your health，even if you exercise regularly.Based on these findings，doctors advise all adults to sit less and move more.But how often do we need to get up from our chairs？And for how long？
    Few studies have compared multiple options to come up with the answer most office workers want：What is the least amount of activity needed to counteract the health effects of a workday filled with sitting？
   Now a study by Columbia University exercise physiologists has an answer.Unlike other studies that test one or two activity options，the study tested five different exercise "snacks"，or short bursts of activity after a period of time's sitting：one minute of walking after every 30 minutes of sitting，one minute after 60 minutes，five minutes every 30，five minutes every 60 and no walking.
    The proper amount of movement，the researchers found，was five minutes of walking every 30 minutes.This was the only amount that greatly lowered both blood sugar and blood pressure.In addition，this walking routine had an impressive effect on how the participants responded to large meals，reducing blood sugar spikes（峰值） by 58% compared with sitting all day.Taking a walking break every 30 minutes for one minute also provided modest benefits for blood sugar levels throughout the day，while walking every 60 minutes，either for one minute or five minutes，provided no benefit.
    What we know now is that for best health，you need to move regularly at work，in addition to a daily exercise routine.While that may sound impractical，the findingow that even small amounts of walking sp read through the work day can greatly lower your risk of heart disease and other chronic （慢性的） illnesses.

（1）What does the study by Columbia University focus on？
A．What adultould do to keep exercising regularly.
B．When and where we need to sit less and move more.
C．Why longtime sitting every day is risky to our health.
D．How often and how long we need to walk from our chairs.
（2）What does the underlined word"counteract" in paragraph 2 mean？
A．Cancel out.
B．Give up.
C．Add to.
D．Benefit from.
（3）Which walking pattern is the most useful for health according to the text？
A．One minute of walking after every 30 minutes of sitting.
B．One minute of walking after every 60 minutes of sitting.
C．Five minutes of walking after every 30 minutes of sitting.
D．Five minutes of walking after every 60 minutes of sitting.
（4）What does the last paragraph show？
A．The risks of heart disease and other illnesses.
B．The suggestions on the health of the office staff.
C．The daily exercise routine sui table for everyone.
D．The ways of moving regularly at work every day.

共享时间:2023-07-11 难度:2 相似度:2

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204079. （2023•西安中学•高一上期末） Your chair is your enemy.
It doesn't matter if you go running every morning，or you're a regular at the gym.If you spend most of the rest of the day sitting，you are putting yourself at increased chance of heart disease，cancers and an early death.In other words，even if you exercise energetically，sitting for long periods is bad for you.
So what's wrong with sitting？One is that sitting is one of the most passive things you can do.You burn more energy by chewing gum than you do sitting still in a chair.Compared to sitting，standing in one place is hard work.To stand，you have to tense your leg muscles，and the muscles of your back and shoulders.While standing，you often change from leg to leg.All of this burns energy.
For many people，weight gain is a matter of slow increase.Thus，a little more time on your feet today and tomorrow can easily make the difference between remaining thin and getting fat.So part of the problem with sitting a lot is that you don't use as much energy as those who spend more time on their feet. This makes it easier to gain weight，and makes you more likely to suffer from the health problems that fatness often brings.
Some people have advanced solutions：replace your sit-down desk with a stand-up desk.Make sure that your television can only operate if you are practising on an exercise bike.Replace your office chair with a therapy （治疗） ball：this too uses more muscles，and more energy，than a normal chair，because you have to support your back and work to keep balanced.But whatever you choose，know this.It is clear：be careful of your chair.

（1）The main purpose of writing this passage is to        .
A．suggest sitting less
B．advise exercising often
C．avoid gaining weight
D．escape standing more
（2）From this passage，we know that        .
A．standing burns nearly as much energy as sitting still does
B．taking exercise regularly but sitting more will do good
C．less exercise will reduce the chance of having disease
D．energy-burning activities will help you enjoy good health
（3）The underlined word "This" in paragraph 4 refers to "        ".
A．Gaining weight
B．Burning energy
C．Sitting too much
D．Standing more
（4）A therapy ball is mentioned in the last paragraph to        .
A．tell us to walk while working in the office
B．suggest a way to settle the sitting problem
C．support our back and keep us balanced
D．provide a better cure for our backache

共享时间:2023-02-14 难度:2 相似度:2

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213812. （2023•西安八十三中•高一下期中） A healthy diet may not offset（抵消） the effects of a high salt intake on blood pressure，suggests a new study.The research，from scientists at a number of institutions，studied the diets of over 4，000 people.The resultowed that people eating higher amounts of salt had higher blood pressure—no matter how healthy a person's overall diet.
   The scientists behind the research are now advising people to monitor their salt intake—and food companies to lower the salt content in their products.
   High blood pressure affects more than one in four adults in the UK，and increases the risk of a number of conditions including heart attacks and stroke.It's thought that vitamins and minerals in fruit and vegetables might in some way affect blood vessels（血管），enabling them to lower blood pressure.Previously，experts believed that eating high amounts of fruit and vegetables might help offset the effects of high salt on blood pressure.However，while these foods do tend to lower blood pressure，the new research suggests they do not offset the adverse influence of high salt intake.
   In the paper，the team studied data from the so-called INTERMAP study.In this study published in 2018，scientists tracked the diets of 4，680 people，aged 40-59，from the USA，the UK，Japan and China.The researchers found a link between high blood pressure and high salt intake，even in people who were on a healthy diet.
   The recommended upper limit of adult salt intake in the UK is 6 g a day.The study found that the average salt intake across the study was 10.7 g a day.The average intake for the UK was 8.5 g，while the intake for the USA，China and Japan were 9.6 g ，13.4 g and 11.7 g respectively.
   Increasing salt intake above this average amount was linked to an increase in blood pressure.Dr Queenie Chan，joint lead author of the research，said the research shows the importance of cutting salt intake.

（1）What can food industry do to help lower people's high blood pressure？
A．Make salt-free food only.
B．Monitor the quality of their products.
C．Take control of their salt production.
D．Cut down salt content in their products.
（2）What does the underlined word"adverse"in paragraph 3 mean？
A．Adventurous.
B．Harmful.
C．Brief.
D．Average.
（3）Which of the following nations has the highest average salt intake？
A．The USA.
B．China.
C．Japan.
D．The UK.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？
A．A healthy diet may not offset the effects of high salt intake
B．High blood pressure is related to high salt intake
C．Research shows the importance of cutting salt intake
D．People eating higher amounts of salt have higher blood pressure

共享时间:2023-05-28 难度:2 相似度:2

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203995. （2023•师大附中•高一下期末）     Working out for 30 minutes every day "might not be enough" to counter the health issues created by long time sitting，according to a sweeping new study.
    The new study，unlike the past ones that examined sitting and formal exercise separately，ignoring light activities，involved 3702 people to find out how those all affected people's health indices（指数）.
    With the data collected，researchers characterized people by how they moved.The first group dutifully exercised for a half-hour and then sat，almost nonstop，for more than 10 hours a day.Another group similarly worked out for 30 minutes and sat for long hours.But，in between，they rose often and took walks around，spending time in light activities like fetching another cup of coffee.The third group sat，uninterrupted，for up to 10 hours，but also collected an hour of exercise most days.The final group，which the researchers named "the movers，" exercised about an hour most days，while also moving lightly for about two hours more.
    When the researchers cross-checked these groups against people's current health data，the first group had the worst indices.On the contrary，the other groups were all better off and to about the same extent，with relatively improved blood sugar control and cholesterol（胆固醇） levels and about 8 percent less body fat than the first group.
    "A single 30-minute，daily workout 'might not be enough' to reduce the downsides of long time sitting，" said Vahid Farrahi，the lead author of the new study."In addition to a brisk（轻快的） workout，we need to move lightly and often，cleaning，taking the stairs，taking a walk in the halls or just not remaining still."

（1）How is the new study different from the previous ones？
A．It examined sitting and exercise separately.
B．It proved that light activities were ignored.
C．It took light activities into consideration.
D．It suggested working out for a half-hour.
（2）What do we know from the data in the new study？
A．The first group spent a half-hour on light activities after long sitting.
B．The second group got similar improved health indices as the movers.
C．The third group collected an hour's exercise during 10 hours' sitting.
D．The movers got up every 30 minutes for formal exercise for an hour.
（3）What light activity is suggested to go with formal exercise？
A．Reading while sitting.
B．Swimming in the pool.
C．Working out in the gym.
D．Walking in the gym hall.
（4）What can we infer from Vahid's words？
A．It's better to exercise more often than half an hour every day.
B．Moving lightly and often is more useful than we have thought.
C．Working out harder and longer is better than just moving lightly.
D．A 30-minute workout has little help for long time sitting problems.

共享时间:2023-07-05 难度:2 相似度:2

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203976. （2024•高新一中•高二下期末）     This week Surgeon General Vivek H.Murthy released a warning about the risks that social media presents to the mental health of children and teenagers.Adolescent mental health has been declining for years，and an increasing amount of research suggests that social media platforms could be partially to blame.But experts continue to debate just how much impact they have.
   Numerous studies demonstrate that adolescent rates of depression，anxiety and loneliness have skyrocketed in the U.S.and elsewhere since around the time that smartphones and social media became ever-present.
   Yet the role social media plays has been widely debated.Some researchers have sounded the alarm，arguing that social media provides the most credible explanation for problems such as enhanced teen loneliness.Other researchers have been sitting on the fence.In 2019 Jeff Hancock founding director of the Social Media Lab at Stanford University，and his colleagues completed an analysis of 226 scientific papers dating back to 2006.They concluded that social media us was associated with a slight increase in depression and anxiety but also improvements in feelings of belonging and connectedness.
   Some recent studies have attempted to clarify the link between social media and mental health，asking，for instance，whether social media use is causing depression or whether people are being more active on social media because they're depressed.In an attempt to present evidence，Massachusetts Institute of Technology economist Alexey Makarin and two of his colleagues conducted mental health surveys taken by college students across the country.Their study，published in 2022，found that swollen rates of depression and anxiety，as well as declined academic performance，followed Facebook's arrival.Makarin says much of the harm they documented came from social comparisons：students viewed the online profiles of their peers and believed them to "have nicer lives，party more often，have more friends and look better."
   "In total，there's an increasingly clear picture that，indeed，social media has a negative impact on mental health，" Makarin says. "We are not saying that social media can explain 100 percent of the rise of mental health issues...But it could potentially explain a sizeable portion."

（1）What do we know about social media？
A．It has negative influence on adolescent mental health.
B．It is the leading cause of adolescent depression.
C．It plays an important role in treating mental illness.
D．Its impact on mental health is still unknown.
（2）What is Jeff Hancock's attitude towards social media？
A．Critical.
B．Objective.
C．Favorable.
D．Indifferent.
（3）How does social media cause harm to teenagers according to Makarin？
A．By threatening their academic performance.
B．By presenting them with online profiles.
C．By encouraging them to party more often.
D．By making them feel worse-off than others.
（4）What is the main purpose of the text？
A．To advocate the harms of social media to teenagers' mental health.
B．To analyze the causes of worsening adolescent mental health.
C．To present findings on the link between social media and mental health.
D．To propose an effective approach to handling mental illness.

共享时间:2024-07-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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218413. （2023•长安区一中•高二下二月） Sugar-free cookies，reduced-sugar cereal，sugar-free candy，diet soda...are these better for you？Since sugar became a taboo （禁忌） in the nutrition and wellness world，sugar-free food items and drinks have acted as substitutes for once beloved sweet drinks and snacks.Claiming to be ZERO sugar means it is healthier，better for diabetics，and helps you slim down...Right？
   Wrong.Sugar-free isn't better for you.In fact，sugar-free is worse.
   Sugar-free means that artificial sweeteners （甜味剂） are used instead of real sugar.The problem：these sweeteners do not come from natural sources and they can cause you more harm than good.
   Let's get into what these artificial sweeteners actually are.Sugar-free sugar sounds wrong and that's because there is no such thing as sugar-free sugar.Some of these sugar-free alternatives still contain sugar and the ones that don't contain sugar have chemicals your body often does not know how to process.
   Most artificial sweeteners are a lot sweeter than sugar，so only a tiny amount is needed.That's why they can market sugar-free alternatives as "low-calorie" or "no-calorie".It also means that you get no nutritional value from consuming them，which is why many sugar-free substitutes are classified as "non-nutritive".These artificial sweeteners tend to hide under sneaky names.Actually，they are 200-600 times sweeter than sugar.
   When you eat sweet stuff，your body continues to desire it and，even though your body cannot metabolize （代谢） these sugar-free alternatives，your brain does not know the difference.In turn，sugar-free alternatives connect to weight gain and type 2 diabetes （糖尿病）.
   Artificial sweeteners also damage your gut's ability to break down sugar，which impacts everything you eat.In other words，your body doesn't know how to handle artificial sweeteners because they have nothing real to process.
   A good rule of thumb：stay away from artificial sweeteners and look for non-sugar，natural sweeteners like Stevia or date sugar.In the war against artificial sweeteners and real sugar，both lose.Satisfy your sweet tooth with natural sugars that come from fruits and stay away from products claiming to be sugar-free or diet!

（1）What can be learned about sugar-free products？
A．They don't taste sweet.
B．They are more nutritious.
C．They contain artificial sweeteners.
D．They contain natural sweeteners.
（2）Why are sugar-free alternatives described as "low-calorie" or "no-calorie"？
A．They won't lead to weight gain.
B．They are greener and healthier.
C．They are much to everyone's taste.
D．Small quantities of artificial sweeteners are used.
（3）What do we know about artificial sweeteners？
A．They present a bigger health risk.
B．They can be easily broken down.
C．They are as sweet as sugar.
D．They improve our ability to metabolize.
（4）What is the author's final conclusion？
A．Real sugar is a better choice.
B．Stay away from sugary products.
C．Sugar-free products are healthier.
D．Choose sugar from natural sources.

共享时间:2023-06-26 难度:2 相似度:2

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218489. （2022•长安七中•高二上一月） Some of the recent scientific studies have found that people who receive higher education live longer than those who do not.According to a new study，reading books extends lifespan（寿命）by up to two years，and the more often you read，the better.
   Back in 1975，economists concluded that longer lifespan is linked to the wealth of a person，and that wealth itself increases longevity.But soon it was realized that the data didn't always fit that theory.Economic success didn't always mean longer lives.
   In the 1980s，researchers found gaining higher education is connected with a greater increase in lifespan than gains in wealth.One fact is of teachers and college professors：they live longer than the rest of the population.The reason is that they engage in research most of their lives for teaching or publishing，which increases their lifespan and most importantly also retards their aging process.
   Let's look at what benefits educated people.Educated people get involved in social networks；they get access to information because of their ability to understand information.They can easily navigate（导航）the health care system；they have more social support.
   Reading helps us understand how other people think and feel.Reading improves our emotional intelligence.This understanding can improve the quality of a person's life as it would allow the person to act with better judgment.Research haown that reading changes certain areas of the brain and causes certain other parts to be active.This effect can also be observed in adults who learn to read much later in life.Learning has no age bar.Each and every human is born with the right to be educated.So，don't hold back your urge to learn.The goal of education is to improve intelligence as well as the lifespan.

（1）What did researchers find in the 1980s？
A．Education does affect peoples' lifespan.
B．Health has nothing to do with wealth.
C．Economic success always belongs to professors.
D．Children from poor families can rarely gain higher education.
（2）What does the underlined word"retards"in Paragraph 3 mean？
A．speeds up.
B．slows down.
C．turns back.
D．contributes to.
（3）What is the advantage of educated people according to Paragraph 4？
A．They learn more about human body and medical care.
B．They can set up their own health care system.
C．They are more connected to the society.
D．They are skilled in doing research through social networks.

共享时间:2022-10-20 难度:2 相似度:2

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203748. （2024•西工大附中•高二上期末）     A key part of starting to exercise is choosing when to work out.Morning，afternoon，or evening：Which time is best？Scientists have studied this dilemma extensively.
    For beginners，morning workouts are often the most frightening.Trading a cozy，nurturing bed for an unpleasant，unforgiving fitness center can be a rude awakening to say the least.But morning workouts have their advantages.Challenging the body triggers the release of endorphins（内啡肽），which can make you more productive and attentive at work.Moreover，for those who struggle to fall asleep at night，habitual morning exercise may help to reset their circadian rhythms，the internal，biological processes that regulate the24-hour sleep-wake cycle.
    But early exercisers may not be able to achieve peak performance.Stiffer muscles，fewer stored energy reserves from overnight fasting，and a.slightly cooler body temperature in the morning add up to disturb exercise output.Therefore，more enthusiastic exercisers might prefer working out in the afternoon.A small，12-week study focusing on pre-diabetic and diabetic men found that afternoon training produced slightly more beneficial metabolic（新陈代谢的）effects and resulted in a little more fat loss compared to morning training.
    Finally，some folks may decide to work out later in the evening.Studies centered around this time of day tend to focus on whether or not nightly exercise negatively impacts sleep quality.Gathered research suggests it does not and，instead，actually improves sleep.However，intense exercise performed within an hour of one's bedtime absolutely will make it more difficult to fall asleep.For this reason，most exercise experts recommend at least 90 minutes of downtime between the conclusion of an exercise session and attempting to fall asleep.
    Whether morning，afternoon，or evening，it is optimal（最佳的）if exercise timing remains somewhat consistent，research has found.For example，a competitive marathon runner will exhibit the best performance when his/her exercise training sessions occur at the same time-of-day as the marathon.Still，it is perfectly fine to mix up your workout times to fit with your schedule.The average person need not worry over when to work out just because of some slight bodily differences based on time-of-day.Regular exercises，after all，perhaps the single best thing that humans can do for their health，and ideally，it should serve as stress relief rather than something to stress over.

（1）Which of the following can benefit a man with sleeping disorder？
A.Sleeping immediately after workouts.
B.Regular workouts between 7 a.m.and 10 a.m..
C.Reducing the exercise time by at least 90 minutes.
D.Exercise between 2 p.m.and 5 p.m..
（2）Which of the following is right for diabetic men？
A.It is hard to lose weight in the morning.
B.Morning exercise produces harmful metabolic effects.
C.Diabetic men are easy to lose more fat.
D.Exercise may be more efficient in the afternoon.
（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A.The average person varies slightly in body.
B.A marathon runner will perform best in the training.
C.It's good to exercise at the same time every day.
D.It is fine to exercise ahead of schedule.
（4）Which one is the most suitable title？
A.Exercise：A dilemma
B.AM or PM：When is the best time to exercise？
C.Exercise timing should remain：consistent
D.The advantage of exercise

共享时间:2024-02-06 难度:2 相似度:2

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203641. （2025•西安八十五中•高二上期末）     Playing sports is a lot of fun，but getting hurt is not.（1）
    Wear protective equipment.
    The equipment you wear depends on the sport you play.Helmets are the most common protective equipment.They protect your head while you're playing football，baseball，softball，biking，skateboarding，and so on.
    Warm up.
    （2）       Doing some stretching can get you prepared to hit the field.By warming up，you get yourself ready to play.Warming up your muscles and practicing a sport help keep you safe，too.
    Know the rules of the games.
    Traffic lights help prevent crashes between the cars that drive on the roads together.This works because drivers know the rules and follow them.（3）        .When players know the rules of the game，fewer injuries happen.For example，you know that in soccer you can't come from behind，crash into a player's legs，and steal the ball.
    （4）
    Some rules don't have anything to do with scoring points.Some rules are just about protecting other people.For example，a diver would make sure that the pool was clear before diving in.Otherwise，he or she might land on someone else.
    Don't play when you're injured.
    This is a really important one.If you love sports，you may get right back in the game，even after an injury.（5）       it can lead to an even worse injury.

A.It's just like sports.
B.Watch out for others.
C.Don't do too much exercise.
D.But playing when you're hurt is a bad idea.
E.You can take the following steps to prevent injuries.
F.It's not a good idea to just go to the field and start playing.
G.You and the other players know what to expect from each other.

共享时间:2025-02-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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dygzyyyn

2023-12-15

高中英语 | 高二上 | 阅读理解

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