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217773. （2025•西安中学•高二下期末）     Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are，like a nearby port or river．People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade．New York City，for example，is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River．Over 300 years its population grew gradually from 800 people to 8 million．But not all cities develop slowly over a long period of time．Boom towns grow from nothing almost overnight．In 1896，Dawson，Canada，was unmapped wilderness（荒野）．But gold was discovered there in 1897，and two years later，it was one of the largest cities in the West，with a population of 30，000．
   Dawson did not have any of the natural conveniences of cities like London or Paris．People went there for gold．They travelled over snow-covered mountains and sailed hundreds of miles up icy rivers．The path to Dawson was covered with thirty feet of wet snow that could fall without warming．An avalanche（雪崩）once closed the path，killing 63 people．For many who made it to Dawson，however，the rewards were worth the difficult trip．Of the first 20，000 people who dug for gold，4，000 got rich．About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives．
   But no matter how rich they were，Dawson was never comfortable．Necessities like food and wood were very expensive．But soon，the gold that Dawson depended on had all been found．The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down，and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska，they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come．Today，people still come and go - to see where the Canadian gold rush happened．Tourism is now the chief industry of Dawson City - its present population is 762．

（1）What attracted the early settlers to New York City？
A．Its business culture．
B．Its small population．
C．Its geographical position．
D．Its favourable climate．
（2）What do we know about those who first dug for gold in Dawson？
A．Two-thirds of them stayed there．
B．One out of five people got rich．
C．Almost everyone gave up．
D．Half of them died．
（3）What was the main reason for many people to leave Dawson？
A．They found the city too crowded．
B．They wanted to try their luck elsewhere．
C．They were unable to stand the winter．
D．They were short of food．
（4）What is the text mainly about？
A．The rise and fall of a city．
B．The gold rush in Canada．
C．Journeys into the wilderness．
D．Tourism in Dawson．

共享时间:2025-07-09 难度:2

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[考点]

国家地理，说明文，

[答案]

CBBA

[解析]

（1）C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段，Cities usually have a good reason for being where they are，like a nearby port or river．People settle in these places because they are easy to get to and naturally suited to communications and trade．New York City，for example，is near a large harbour at the mouth of the Hudson River．城市的形成通常有一个很好的理由，比如附近的港口或河流．人们在这些地方定居是因为它们很容易到达，而且自然适合通讯和贸易．例如，纽约市就在哈德逊河河口的一个大港口附近．可知，人们选择在河边或港口设城是因为交通方便，便于做生意．而纽约就是在哈德森河口附近的一个大港口，故纽约吸引早期移民的原因是它的地理位置，结合选项，故选C．
（2）B．细节理解题．根据文章第二段，Of the first 20，000 people who dug for gold，4，000 got rich．About 100 of these stayed rich men for the rest of their lives．在最初2万个掘金的人中，有4000人发财了，其中大约100人的余生都是富人．可知，在最初挖黄金的两万人中有4000人变富有，所以是五分之一的人变富了，结合选项，故选B．
（3）B．细节理解题．根据文章最后一段，The city was crowded with disappointed people with no interest in settling down，and when they heard there were new gold discoveries in Alaska，they left Dawson City as quickly as they had come．城里挤满了失望的人们，他们对安顿毫无兴趣，当他们听说阿拉斯加有新的金矿发现时，他们很快就离开了道森城．可知，人们离开Dawson的主要原因是听说在Alaska发现了黄金，也就是他们要去别的地方寻找发财的机会．结合选项，故选B．
（4）A．主旨大意题．根据文章内容，第一段简要介绍城市发展的原因，引出Dawson这一城市的兴起，第二段介绍了该城市兴起的原因，第三段介绍人们选择离开该城市的原因及现在的状况，所以全文围绕Dawson这个城市的发展起伏而展开的．结合选项，故选A．

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214109. （2021•长安区一中•高二上期中） If Mars were the popular kid in school，Venus（金星）would be the unwelcome one sitting in the corner，largely ignored.Venus has nearly the same mass and size as Earth，but being closer to the sun，it gets nearly twice as much heat from the sun.
   However，instead of having a climate that is just a warmer version of Earth's，Venus's surface and atmosphere are unbearable：clouds of sulphuric acid（硫酸）blanket the planet，while at ground level，it is hot enough to melt lead.Despite this，there is now a sign that Venus may harbour life.
   Jane Greaves at Cardiff University，UK，and her colleagues recently detected phosphine（磷化氢）in Venus's atmosphere，with one potential explanation that it is the by-product of biology.That is because the only way this gas is made on Earth is in laboratories or by microbes（微生物）.Though this doesn't mean it was produced by life on Venus，attempts to find non-biological explanations for its presence have so far failed.
    Our best way of confirming or rejecting the possibility of life on Venus is to go and have a proper look.While Mars has been the focus of interplanetary exploration efforts lately，the phosphine discovery lets people look at Venus in a new light.As NASA administrator Jim Bridenstine tweeted： "It's time to prioritize Venus."
   In the months and years to come，computer simulations will be used to further study the possible chemistries of the atmosphere on Venus.More laboratory experiments will be conducted to try to identify other ways the phosphine there could be produced.However，there is no guarantee that these efforts will reveal the true nature of this substance on Venus.A newly-proposed strategy is to directly sample the atmosphere and surface of Venus.By doing so，we would be able to take direct measurements of phosphine.
   The discovery of phosphine in Venus's atmosphere is a great accomplishment.The scientific efforts may be just what we need to finally refocus on this neglected world.Possibly，the quiet kid in the corner may get the last laugh.

（1）Which description about Venus is not true？
A．It has a warmer Earth-like climate.
B．It has nearly the same mass as Earth.
C．It is almost as large as Earth.
D．It has the unbearable surface and atmosphere.
（2）What can the discovery of phosphine on Venus indicate？
A．This kind of gas is very common.
B．There might exist signs of life.
C．Many products can be made with it.
D．Experiments were once conducted there.
（3）What is paragraph 5 mainly about？
A．The necessity to analyse phosphine.
B．The importance of observations.
C．The power of computer simulations.
D．The approaches to exploring phosphine.
（4）Which can best describe the author's attitude to the exploration of Venus？
A．Doubtful.
B．Supportive.
C．Cautious.
D．Casual.

共享时间:2021-11-14 难度:2 相似度:2

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201671. （2024•师大附中•八模） The most welcome sight on cold，wet winter night in London is the familiar shape of a London taxi cab approaching with its yellow "for hire" sign shining brightly.That shows it is ready to pick you up.Travelling by taxi in London is not just a way of going from one place to another.It is an experience to be enjoyed and remembered.
   The main reason for this is the drivers，who are called "cabbies".Many of them are true Cockneys.This means they were born in the heart of London and speak their own special dialect（方言）of English.All of them know every street and famous building in the city，and all of them love to talk.A simple twenty-minute Journey across town can become very interesting.You may have a discussion about the government and its leaders or a friendly talk about the driver's Aunty Nellie!One thing is for sure，it will never be boring.Cabbies know all the latest news about film stars，the Royal Family，government leaders，and popular singers or actors and actresses.They also know the best places to eat，shop and relax.And they can take you straight to any large hotel，department store，theatre or museum.They know the shortest way possible without even looking at a map，because everyone who wants to become a taxi driver must pass a very difficult examination in order to get a license to drive a taxi.The exam is called "The Knowledge." It is a written test，and in it drivers are asked the shortest way from one place to another.They must take into account the time of day-in-rush hour，longer route（路线）may be quicker-and describe the best way.Moreover they must never forget the one-way streets!

（1）From what can we tell that someone is a Cockney？
A．Their interest.
B．Their manners.
C．Their speech.
D．Their appearance.
（2）What does the author suggest by mentioning "Aunty Nellie" in paragraph 2？
A．Passengers are full of curiosity
B．Cabbies' topics are wide-ranging.
C．Aunty Nellie is popular in London.
D．Londoners are friendly to each other.
（3）What is the purpose of "The Knowledge"？
A．To qualify one to drive a taxi.
B．To assess one's driving skills.
C．To test drivers' ability to write.
D．To check taxi drivers memory.

共享时间:2024-06-19 难度:2 相似度:2

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219292. （2022•铁路中学•高二下二月） Sea life near Turkey is being threatened by a layer of brown foam on the ocean's surface.
   The actual name for the foam is mucilage （黏液）.Scientists first noticed and described mucilage in 2007，when it was found near Turkey.Then，it was also found in other parts of the Aegean Sea，near Greece.
   This year's outbreak of mucilage is the worst ever recorded.It's been developing for seven months and is now covering large parts of the Sea of Marmara.The Sea of Marmara is an "inland sea"，surrounded by land belonging to Turkey，and connected to the Aegean Sea and the Black Sea.
   There are many different kinds of algae （海藻），and it's natural and normal for algae to grow in the ocean or in other bodies of water.But when there is lots of food for the algae，and other conditions are just right，there can be " an algae bloom " which results in algae growing quickly and in huge numbers.And in very bad situations，mucilage is the result.
   There are two main causes for the present outbreak of mucilage.One is the heavy pollution sewage，fertilizers，and other chemicals-flowing into the Sea of Marmara.The second cause is higher water temperatures because of climate change.
   The mucilage causes problems in lots of different ways.For one thing，by covering the ocean's sur- face，it stops sunlight from reaching all the sea life below. "This mucilage is now covering the sea surface like a tent canvas， " says Muharrem Balci，who teaches biology at Istanbul University.Because there is so much algae，it takes up lots of oxygen from the seawater.That means that there's very little oxygen left for the other sea creatures that depend on it.The BBC reports that divers in the area are seeing large numbers of dying fish.After a while，the mucilage falls to the bottom of the ocean，where it covers the sea floor threatening to poison creatures that live there，like crabs and mussels.This year，the mucilage has been found as deep as 30 meters below the surface.

（1）What do we know about mucilage？
A．It generally doesn't last long.
B．It had never existed before 2007.
C．It is mainly formed in inland seas.
D．It was first noticed near Turkey.
（2）What does the underlined part "an algae bloom"" in Paragraph 4 refer to？
A．A good harvest of algae.
B．The increasing use of algae.
C．The explosive growth of algae.
D．A continuing popularity of algae.
（3）What can be inferred about mucilage from the last paragraph？
A．It can greatly threaten sea life.
B．It has drawn attention worldwide.
C．It will lead to food shortages for humans.
D．It benefits some sea creatures but harms others.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．New Kinds of Algae Are Found in Turkey.
B．Turkey's Coastal Waters Are Covered with Mucilage.
C．Marmara Has Seen an Increase in Water Temperatures.
D．Endangered Sea Creatures in Marmara Have Been Protected.

共享时间:2022-06-19 难度:2 相似度:2

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219307. （2021•鄠邑二中•高一上二月） The Great Wall of China was once thought to have been built entirely during the Qin Dynasty between 221 and 207 BC；it is now believed to have been started earlier.
   The 15-foot-high，25-foot-wide，1500-mile-long structure was undoubtedly built to keep out invading enemies.To the common people of the empire，who had been forced to build the wall，it was not worth it，however.The wall，and other public works completed by the Qin Dynasty，had caused great losses on the wealth and human life of the country.As a result，an angry population rose up in rebellion against the Qin Dynasty，and in 207 BC the Han Dynasty began.
   Because of its rich history and magnificent appearance，the Great Wall attracts many tourists，scientists，and historians to this day and will continue to do so for generations.

（1）According to the author of this passage，the Han Dynasty was able to come into power because        .
A．enemies were not effectively prevented from invading the empire
B．it had started the work on the wall and really controlled it all along
C．the common people rebelled against the empire that had forced them to work on the Great Wall
D．the Qin emperor lost all his personal wealth in the creation of the Great Wall
（2）The main idea of this passage is that        .
A．the emperor of the Qin Dynasty was a slave driver
B．invading enemies was a problem in ancient China
C．the common people of ancient China were very poor
D．the human achievement of the Great Wall is widely appreciated
（3）The author has not directly stated，but would support the opinion that        .
A．Qinshihuang was not that cruel to the people during his time
B．the common people of the Qin Dynasty were the ones who provided the labor in constructing the Great Wall
C．work on the Great Wall was started before the Qin Dynasty came into existence
D．the Great Wall of China is a great human achievement and was probably worth the effort it took

共享时间:2021-12-17 难度:2 相似度:2

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202521. （2021•西安中学•二模） Plants：we eat them，juice them - and now it seems we can mine them too!
   After a successful experiment on the island of Borneo，the botany professor Alan Baker and a group of researchers want to introduce phytomining （harvesting minerals from plants） as a better，partial substitute for traditional mining.
   Phytomining，also known as agromining，means collecting metals from live plants.However，this can only be done with a group of plants known as "hyperaccumulators".There are around 700 identified types worldwide，and what makes these hyperaccumulators special is that they naturally attract and absorb minerals through their roots - metals poisonous to other plants - and then store huge，pure concentrations of these minerals in their bodies.The metals can then be extracted from the plants' sap（汁；液），oil，or sometimes even live tissue.
   Baker and his colleagues see a lot of potential in phytomining.Not only can it help meet the growing global demand for metals，but is a way of undoing some of that damage to the environment by traditional mining.
   One of the biggest problems with traditional mining is that it pollutes the surrounding area.Phytomining can extract metal waste，plus planting the hyperaccumulators would regrow the deforested areas caused by mining operations.Aside from this，if phytomining is able to replace part of traditional mining，then there would be fewer instances of bad mining practices like abandoned mines，which pollute the nearby waters.Also，since phytomining provides metals that are already naturally pure，there is no need to use huge amounts of energy to purify the ore（矿石）.
   Phytomining has its drawbacks.Harvesting plants on a large scale is expensive today，compared to traditional mining.Besides，plants can be wiped out by diseases or unexpected weather conditions.
   However，there are many reasons to consider phytomining.After all，we need to make sure that our planet can keep up and sustainable practices like phytomining give us the hope that our advancement doesn't mean sacrificing Mother Earth.

（1）What makes hyperaccumulators different from other plants？
A．The sap poisonous to other plants.
B．The ability to take in and store minerals.
C．The oil extracted from live plant tissue.
D．The concentrations of mineral in their bodies.
（2）What is the advantage of phytomining？
A．It can stop deforestation.
B．It may reduce the deserted mines.
C．It uses clean energy to purify the ore.
D．It can't be destroyed by diseases.
（3）What is the author's attitude toward phytomining？
A．Pessimistic.
B．Indifferent.
C．Optimistic.
D．Skeptical.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．Metals From Plants
B．The Future of Phytomining
C．What Are Hyperaccumulators？
D．Benefits of Phytomining

共享时间:2021-03-16 难度:2 相似度:2

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204203. （2023•长安区一中•高一上期末） A tiny Alaska village has experienced a boom in tourism in recent years as polar bears spend more time on land than on Arctic sea ice.
   More than 2，000 people visited the northern Alaska village of Kaktovik in 2018 to see polar bears in the wild.The far north community lies in an area where increasingly higher temperature has sped up the movement of sea ice，the primary habitat（栖息地）of polar bears.As ice has gradually moved to deep water beyond the continental shelf，more bears are remaining on land to look for food.
   Polar bears have always been a common sight on sea ice near Kaktovik，but villagers started noticing a change in the mid-1990s.More bears seemed to stay on land，and researchers began taking note of more female bears making homes in the snow on land instead of on the ice to raise their babies.U.S.Fish and Wildlife Service biologists began hearing reports of the increasing number of polar bears in the area in the early 2000s.As more attention was given to the plight（困境）of polar bears about a decade ago，more tourists started heading to Kaktovik.
   The village had fewer than 50 visitors annually before 2011，said Jennifer Reed，of the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge. "Today we're talking about hundreds and hundreds of visitors，many from around the world each year，" Reed said.Most tourists visit in the fall，when bears are forced toward land because sea ice is farthest away from the shore.Bruce Inglangasak，a local hunter who sometimes offers wildlife-viewing tours，said he's been offering polar bear tours since 2004.Most of his clients（客户）are from China and Europe，as well as from the lower 48 U.S.states.Many tourists stay several days in the village，which has two small hotels.The villagers have benefited a lot from that.In turn，they provide more effective protection for polar bears with financial support from tourism development.

（1）What causes more polar bears to stay on land in Kaktovik？
A．Food shortage.
B．Climate change.
C．Habitats' movement to shore.
D．Their preference for land.
（2）How did common people feel about more sight of bears on land？
A．Excited.
B．Puzzled.
C．Concerned.
D．Shocked.
（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A．Hotels in Kaktovik are in demand in autumn.
B．Kaktovik has about 50 visitors annually.
C．Inglangasak makes a living as a tour guide.
D．Tourism affects the balance of nature.
（4）Which saying can describe the text？
A．The fittest can survive.
B．After a storm comes a calm.
C．One man's fault is another man's lesson.
D．Every coin has two sides.

共享时间:2023-02-08 难度:2 相似度:2

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201758. （2024•西安中学•三模） When you think of a map，is north on the top or the bottom？Usually，maps are designed with north on top，though when we think about it，there s no logical reason for this bias.After all，there is no up or down in space.So what's wrong with south，east or west being on the top of the map？The answer is：nothing at all.In fact，north-up maps only became the norm in the last few hundred years.
   Ancient Egyptian maps had south at the top because the Nile River flows downhill from mountains in the south to the Mediterranean Sea in the north.Mecca was to the south of most early Muslim civilizations，and south-up maps were designed so that viewers would look up to see Mecca.Medieval Christian maps had east at the top，as they believed the Garden of Eden was in the east.The only early maps that had north at the top were those of early China because the emperor lived in the north.
   North seems to have settled at the top of maps during the 16th century，largely thanks to a Flemish mapmaker，Mercator.Mercator was a great admirer of an early Greek mapmaker，who，for reasons now unknown，put north at the top of maps，so Mercator did，too.When Mercator's world map became the standard map to navigate the oceans，north up became standard as well.
   What is the implication of this north-view of the world？Psychologically，people tend to think of up as good and down as bad.Just think of words and phrases like "upmarket"，"upbeat" and "moving up in the world"，and how they contrast with their opposites.Because north is so consistently put at the top of maps，people now think of north as good，too.
   Several attempts have been made in recent years by introducing south-up maps to the market.These maps not only give us a chance to see the world differently，but also give everyone the chance to see themselves on top.

（1）What can we learn from the first two paragraphs？
A．North-up maps were rare in ancient times.
B．Deciding up or down in space is ridiculous.
C．Mecca maps were based on a legend.
D．The south-up map first appeared in ancient Egypt.
（2）Why is north associated with good？
A．An illogical reason.
B．The spread of Mercator's maps.
C．People's preference for up.
D．An age-old tradition in Greece.
（3）What is the authors attitude to south-up maps？
A．Cautious.
B．Supportive.
C．Uncaring.
D．Disapproving.
（4）What's the main purpose of the text？
A．To explain a phenomenon.
B．To compare various facts.
C．To correct a cultural bias.
D．To argue for a viewpoint.

共享时间:2024-04-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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202558. （2021•长安区•一模） Today we know Antarctica as an extreme environment containing ice and snow.But new research provides evidence that the area had a rainforest in the past.
   The researchers collected a piece of Earth sediment from under the seafloor off the coast of Antarctica.In the sediment，they discovered forest material that was estimated to be about 90 million years old.This would have been in the Cretaceous Period，when dinosaurs were the main land animals.The sediment was removed by scientists on the research icebreaker RV Polarstern in the Amundsen Sea near Pine Island Glacier.
   Johann Klages is a geologist with the Alfred Wegener Institute，Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research in Germany.He was the lead writer of a study on the findings，published in the journal Nature.He said the sediment was collected from a depth of about 30 meters below the ocean floor.Klages said an examination showed that the material didn't form in the ocean.
   The researchers estimate that the area-about 900 kilometers from the South Pole-had average yearly temperatures of about 12 to 13 degrees Celsius.During the warmest summer months，average temperatures likely reached between 20 and 25 degrees Celsius.The soil included fine dirt particles and hard clay，as well as substances linked to at least 65 different kinds of plants，the study found.Klages added that the plants included trees，ferns and flowering plants.While no animal remains were found，Klages said there were likely dinosaurs，flying reptiles and many insects in the environment.
   The research represents new evidence of the major climate changes Earth has experienced in the past - and is currently undergoing today.The soil in the sediment dates back to the planet's warmest period of the past 140 million years，with sea level about 170 meters higher than today.The researchers said that the rainforest environment in Antarctica was especially surprising because each year，the area experiences a four-month polar night when there is no sunlight to fuel plant life.Klages said no ice sheets were present during the time，but seasonal snowfall was likely.

（1）How did the researchers reach their findings？
A．By exploring ice in Antarctica.
B．By analyzing the Earth sediment.
C．By collecting data on climate.
D．By researching special plants.
（2）What did the researchers say about the sediment？
A．Its material developed in the ocean.
B．It dates back to cold times in Antarctica.
C．Its material formed on the land.
D．It contained different animal remains.
（3）What does the author indicate in the last paragraph？
A．Antarctica's natural environment has changed greatly.
B．Polar nights in Antarctica are getting shorter than before.
C．There were ice sheets 140 million years ago.
D．Seasonal snowfall made the forest disappear.
（4）What is the main idea of the text？
A．Researchers study the secrets of Antarctica.
B．Antarctica had a different history of climate.
C．There's various wildlife in Antarctica.
D．Antarctica has an extreme environment containing ice and snow.

共享时间:2021-03-09 难度:2 相似度:2

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202283. （2022•西工大附中•七模） In the town of Arras in northern France，the country's first-ever appointed official with Down syndromes is leading from the front，changing hearts and minds and bringing a new way of thinking about mental disability.
   In 2020，Eleonore Laloux was appointed municipal councilor（市议员）of Arras under the mayor Frederic Leturque，for which she has received continual praise for her colorful nature，her desire to make people smile，and for promoting the inclusivity（包容）of disabled persons in society.
   "Inclusion isn't something that we just think about；it's not a generous act.It's our duty，" Mayor Leturque told the Christian Science Monitor， "Eleonore has helped the entire town progress in terms of how we see disability."
   Along with holding down a part-time job at a hospital，a packed volunteer schedule，and a board position on Down Up，a non-profit organization her father launched to support community members with Down syndromes and their families，Laloux has made numerous adjustments to everyday community features in Arras to support disabled people；not only those with Down syndromes，but other forms as well.
   Arras' famous town center，town hall，and belfry（钟楼）are a UNESCO Heritage Site，and for those who can't go to the top，Laloux organized the creation of a virtual tour.Down below，crosswalk lights now sound off verbal instructions for those who can't see.She has also scheduled an "incluthon" for next summer，an event to inspire disabled people and the community at large through sports and culture.
   Perhaps unsurprisingly，this positive attitude has made her a very popular figure in her town and country，and she has made numerous television and other public appearances，including alongside many national politicians.But her appointment is by no means a gimmick to gain support from townspeople；she's made some brilliant changes in civil life.

（1）What can we learn from the mayor's words in Paragraph 3？
A．It's Eleonore's duty to help the disabled.
B．Accepting the disabled is a generous act.
C．Eleonore has changed people's views on the disabled.
D．The disabled deserve praise from all the townspeople.
（2）What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？
A．How Eleonore carries out her part-time job.
B．How Eleonore helped improve lives of the disabled.
C．What Eleonore did to run the non-profit organization.
D．What good proposals Eleonore made during her term.
（3）What does the underlined word "gimmick" in the last paragraph mean？
A．Trick
B．Promise
C．Challenges
D．Conclusion
（4）Which of the following words best describe Eleonore？
A．Committed and pioneering.
B．Ambitious and patient.
C．Creative and independent.
D．Honest and humorous.

共享时间:2022-06-09 难度:2 相似度:2

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218057. （2023•长安区•高二上一月） The Irish have celebrated St.Patrick's Day on March 17 every year for over 1，000 years.On this day，Irish families would attend church in the morning and celebrate in the afternoon.
   Patrick，born in Roman Britain，was brought to Ireland at the age of 16.He was thought to bring Christianity to its people.During the centuries after Patrick's death that is believed to be on March 17，461，the story of his life became popular in the Irish culture.
   However，the first St.Patrick's Day parade（游行）took place not in Ireland but in America.Recordow that a St.Patrick's Day parade was held on March 17，1601 in Florida.More than a century later，homesick Irish soldiers serving in the English army marched in New York City on March 17，1772 to honor the Irish saint（圣人）.Interest in the St.Patrick's Day parades in New York City，Boston and other early American cities grew from there.In 1848，several New York Irish societies decided to unite their parades to form one official New York City St.Patrick's Day Parade.
   Today，the parade is the world's oldest parade and the largest in the United States.Each year，nearly 3 million people watch the parade，which takes more than five hours.In 2020，the New York City parade was one of the first major city events that were canceled as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic（流行病）and people are still not allowed to attend it this year.
   Although North America is home to the largest one，St.Patrick's Day is also celebrated around the world，including Japan，Singapore and Russia.In 1995，the Irish government began to use interest in St.Patrick's Day to drive tourism and show Ireland and Irish culture to the rest of the world.

（1）What nationality was St.Patrick？
A．Roman.
B．Irish.
C．English.
D．American.
（2）What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about？
A．The meaning of St.Patrick's Day.
B．The result of the COVID-19 pandemic.
C．The life of St.Patrick.
D．The history of St.Partick's Day parade in the USA.
（3）What does the underlined word "canceled" in paragraph 4 probably mean？
A．Applied for.
B．Left alone.
C．Stopped.
D．Expected.
（4）What is the purpose of this text？
A．To show the Irish culture.
B．To remember a famous person.
C．To tell a story.
D．To introduce a festival.

共享时间:2023-10-29 难度:2 相似度:2

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204594. （2023•高新一中•高二下期末） When you think of a map，is north on the top or the bottom？Usually，maps are designed with north on top，though when we think about it，there s no logical reason for this bias.After all，there is no up or down in space.So what's wrong with south，east or west being on the top of the map？The answer is：nothing at all.In fact，north-up maps only became the norm in the last few hundred years.
   Ancient Egyptian maps had south at the top because the Nile River flows downhill from mountains in the south to the Mediterranean Sea in the north.Mecca was to the south of most early Muslim civilizations，and south-up maps were designed so that viewers would look up to see Mecca.Medieval Christian maps had east at the top，as they believed the Garden of Eden was in the east.The only early maps that had north at the top were those of early China because the emperor lived in the north.
   North seems to have settled at the top of maps during the 16th century，largely thanks to a Flemish mapmaker，Mercator.Mercator was a great admirer of an early Greek mapmaker，who，for reasons now unknown，put north at the top of maps，so Mercator did，too.When Mercator's world map became the standard map to navigate the oceans，north up became standard as well.
   What is the implication of this north-view of the world？Psychologically，people tend to think of up as good and down as bad.Just think of words and phrases like "upmarket"，"upbeat" and "moving up in the world"，and how they contrast with their opposites.Because north is so consistently put at the top of maps，people now think of north as good，too.
   Several attempts have been made in recent years by introducing south-up maps to the market.These maps not only give us a chance to see the world differently，but also give everyone the chance to see themselves on top.

（1）What can we learn from the first two paragraphs？
A．North-up maps were rare in ancient times.
B．Deciding up or down in space is ridiculous.
C．Mecca maps were based on a legend.
D．The south-up map first appeared in ancient Egypt.
（2）Why is north associated with good？
A．An illogical reason.
B．The spread of Mercator's maps.
C．People's preference for up.
D．An age-old tradition in Greece.
（3）What is the authors attitude to south-up maps？
A．Cautious.
B．Supportive.
C．Uncaring.
D．Disapproving.
（4）What's the main purpose of the text？
A．To explain a phenomenon.
B．To compare various facts.
C．To correct a cultural bias.
D．To argue for a viewpoint.

共享时间:2023-07-08 难度:2 相似度:2

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218655. （2023•铁一中学•高二下二月） A remarkable new study on how whales behaved when attacked by humans in the 19th century has implications for the way they react to changes caused by humans in the 21st century.
   The paper is authored by Whitehead and Rendellt at Dalhousie University and their research addresses an age-old question：if whales are so smart，why did they hang around to be killed？The answer？They didn't.Using newly digitised（数字化的）logbooks detailing the hunting of whales in the north Pacific，the authors discovered that within just a few years，the strike rate of the whalers' harpoons（捕鲸者的鱼叉） fell by 58%.This simple fact leads to an astonishing conclusion：that information about what was happening to them was being collectively shared among the whales，who made vital changes to their behaviour.They learned quickly from their mistakes.
   "Sperm whales have a traditional way of reacting to attacks from orca（杀人鲸），" notes Whitehead.Before humans，orca were their only predators（捕食者），against whom sperm whales form defensive circles，their powerful tills held outwards to keep predators at bay，"But such techniques just made it easier for the whalers to kill them，" says Whitehead.
   Sperm whales are highly socialised animals，able to communicate over great distances.Information about the new dangers may have been passed on in the same way they share knowledge about feeding grounds.They also possess the largest brain on the planet.It is not hard to imagine that they understood what was happening to them.
   The hunters themselves realised the whales' efforts to escape.They saw that the animals appeared to communicate the threat within their attacked groups.Abandoning their usual defensive formations，the whales swam upwind to escape the hunters，ships，themselves wind-powered.
   Now，just as whales are beginning to recover from the industrial destruction by 20th-century whaling fleets，whose steamships and grenade harpoons no whale could escape from，they face new threats created by our technology. "They're having to learn not to get hit by ships，cope with the depredations（劫掠）of long line fishing，the changing source of their food due to climate change，" Whitehead says. "The same sort of urgent social learning the animals experienced in the whale wars of two centuries ago is reflected in the way they negotiate today's uncertain world."

（1）What is the new study mainly about？
A．Whales' social lives.
B．Whales' emotional intelligence.
C．Whales' reaction to climate changes.
D．Whales' behavior under human attack.
（2）What caused whales to make changes to escape the hunters' ship？
A．The wind in their favor.
B．Their powerful physical strength.
C．The shared ship attack information.
D．Their usual defensive formations.
（3）What does the author intend to do in Paragraph 5？
A．State possible reasons.
B．Add background information.
C．Summarize the previous paragraphs.
D．Introduce a new topic for discussion.
（4）What's Whitehead's attitude towards whales' future survival？
A．Pessimistic.
B．Unclear.
C．Cautious.
D．Optimistic.

共享时间:2023-06-16 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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205754. （2018•西安一中•高一上期末） The most popular PE class at Waukegan High School in Illinois，US，takes place in a basement field house．
It is the school's version of CrossFit，the difficult physical exercise that has exploded in popularity over the last 16 years at thousands of gyms．It has more than one million devotees（爱好者） and a professional competition shown on ESPN．
Schools around the Chicago area have adopted CrossFit to interest students at a time of a rising weight problem among young people，and most say it really works compared with traditional gym classes．
"I think it's a great way to teach kids lifelong fitness，especially those kids who aren't interested in hockey（曲棍球），soccer or basketball，"said the teacher，Tracy Haraf from Illinois' Stony Creek Elementary，which devotes half of its PE days to CrossFit exercises． "They think it's tough，but I think they have a lot of fun doing it．"
Senior Alexus Wiltz，18，said the workout had improved her performance on the basketball court．"I noticed I was faster．I paid more attention on the court，my defending was better，"she said after a recent class．"It just really helped me．"
But some doctors and researchers advise caution，saying the exercises that involve lifting weights can lead to injuries，particularly when performed by few inexperienced people．
Doctor Craig Finlayson at Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago said he was worried that while strength training is fine for kids，heavy weights could be trouble for teenagers who might hurt themselves by trying to do too much or using poor form．
CrossFit Inc，the company that certifies（证明） trainers and licenses gyms，disagrees that its program is more dangerous than other fitness routines．Gym teachers in Waukegan's Greg Moisio，whose two-campus school has about 73%kids taking CrossFit each day，also say the risk of injury can be reduced with proper teaching and CrossFit's flexibility（灵活性）．

（1）Why have schools around the Chicago area adopted CrossFit？
A．To improve students' performance in competitive sports．
B．To introduce something more challenging to the students．
C．To help solve the students' weight problem．
D．To make traditional gym classes more attractive．
（2）How do the students react to the strength training？
A．The majority believe it's effective．
B．They show little interest in it．
C．73%agree it has a bad influence．
D．Most of them think it's of no use．
（3）What does the underlined word"workout"in Paragraph 5 refer to？
A．Wiltz's performance．
B．The basketball court．
C．The physical exercise．
D．A lot of fun．
（4）What can we learn from the last paragraph？
A．CrossFit is more dangerous than other fitness routines．
B．The number of the injured in CrossFit classes is rising．
C．A great number of kids taking CrossFit lack flexibility．
D．Kids may protect themselves if they're trained properly．

共享时间:2018-02-23 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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214108. （2021•长安区一中•高二上期中） Over half of Tokyo's residents don't think the postponed 2020 Olympicould be held in 2021，backing either a further delay or complete cancellation because of fears for the coronavirus，according to a poll（民意调查） published on Monday.
   The survey carried out by two Japanese news organizations is only a single data point，but comes after health experts warned that even a year's delay may not be enough to hold the Games safely.
   The poll found 51.7 percent of respondents hope the Games in 2021 are postponed again or canceled，while 46.3 percent want to see the rescheduled Olympics go ahead.Among those opposed to the 2021 Games，27.7 percent said they want them canceled altogether，while 24 percent would prefer a second postponement.
   The telephone poll，conducted by Kyodo News and Tokyo MX television between Friday and Sunday，received 1，030 replies.Of those who said they want to see the Games held in 2021，31.1 percent said the event should be on a smaller scale，while 15.2 percent said they want to see fully developed Olympics.
   Tokyo 2020 was postponed in March as the coronavirus spread across the globe，causing the worst disruption（中断）to the Olympics since two editions were canceled during World War Ⅱ.The Games are now scheduled to begin on July 23，2021，although they will still be known as the Tokyo 2020 Olympics.
   Officials from Japan and the International Olympic Committee（IOC）have warned that it will not be possible to postpone them again，and even the year-long delay has created significant financial and logistical（后勤的） headaches.
   Earlier in June，the mayor of Tokyo Yuriko Koike told AFP that the rescheduled Olympics will be safe despite the coronavirus pandemic，promising to make a "120-percent effort" to ensure the first-ever postponed Games can go ahead.Koike has been heavily involved in preparations for the Games，traveling to Rio for the handover ceremony after the last Summer Olympics.

（1）What can we learn about the poll from the text？
A．It lasted two days in total.
B．It was carried out on the phone.
C．It was conducted by the IOC.
D．It aimed to evaluate the safety of the Games.
（2）Which is one of the results of the survey？
A．About 533 respondents don't want to see the Games held in 2021.
B．There are more respondents hoping to delay the event rather than cancel it.
C．Over half of the respondents would like to see the delayed Games go ahead.
D．Some respondents support delaying the event because they need full-scale Olympics.
（3）Why are the Games unlikely to be put off again according to the IOC？
A．The athletes are strongly opposed to it.
B．COVID-19 will be under control soon.
C．It will be too costly to bear a second time.
D．They have made full preparations for them.
（4）What is Yuriko Koike's attitude towards the Tokyo Olympics in 2021？
A．Disappointed.
B．Optimistic.
C．Worried.
D．Indifferent.

共享时间:2021-11-14 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203516. （2015•西工大附中•八模） Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful？This might be called laziness，but Dr．Kleitman has a new explanation．He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle．
   During the hours when you labour through your work，you may say that you're"hot"．That's true．The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak．For some people that peak comes during the forenoon．For others it comes in the afternoon or evening．No one has discovered why this is so，but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语）as"Get up，John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening．Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has．
   You can't change your energy cycle，but you can make your life fit it better．Habit can help．Dr．Kleitman believes．Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway．Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to．If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day，rise before your usual hour．This won't change your cycle，but you'll get up energy and work better at your low point．
   Get off to a slow start which saves your energy．Get up with a yawn and stretch．Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor．Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before．Whenever possible，do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours．

（1）If you want to work better at your low point in the morning，you should       ．
A．change your energy cycle
B．overcome your laziness
C．get up earlier than usual
D．go to bed earlier
（2）You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will       ．
A．help to keep your energy for the day's work
B．help you to control your temper early in the day
C．enable you to get your energy on your routine work
D．keep your energy cycle under control all day
（3）What's the best title of the passage？
A．Change Your Habits
B．Save Your Energy
C．Daily Energy Cycle
D．Temperature-and-Energy Peak
（4）The text is likely to be selected from a book of       ．
A．fashion
B．geography
C．environment
D．Science

共享时间:2015-06-19 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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dygzyyyn

2025-07-09

高中英语 | 高二下 | 阅读理解

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