根据短文内容从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项选项中有两项为多余选项

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213360. （2023•西安中学•高一下期中）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
   As you get older，you'll meet a wider range of people from different cultures.Culture is an idea that isn't easy to understand.People often use the term to refer to things like food，holidays，clothing and music.（1）       Customs，beliefs and values are also part of your culture.So when meeting people from different backgrounds，you can sometimes find that there are huge differences in how you see the world.
   （2）       For example，when you meet people from a different culture，ask them about their lives.It is one of the best ways to understand the culture.But be polite about it and remember they don't owe you an answer，and might not want to give it-not everyone wants to explain everything about their culture.
   Maybe you've recently met someone from a different culture you find interesting（3）       Get to know his/ her families and see how their customs and traditions differ from yours.You might be surprised to find how culturally different two people living even in the same town can be!
   Read books by and about people who are different from you.Reading memoirs（回忆录），biographies and other nonfiction books is an obvious way to learn about a country or someone's life.（4）       Like with books，you can also watch movies to learn more about a culture.What's more，keeping yourself in a different culture through travel is also an amazing way to understand another culture.
   （5）       So accept and respect the differences between yourself and your friends from different cultures-remember that what is a difference to you is just their normal life!

A.Make friends with him/her.
B.But it also goes much deeper than that.
C.Show respect for people from other cultures.
D.You may think you know a lot about a culture or place.
E.Differences between us are what makes life so interesting.
F.There are many ways to understand other people's cultures.
G.Also don't ignore novels that have been translated from other language.

共享时间:2023-05-16 难度:2

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[考点]

人际交往，说明文，

[答案]

BFAGE

[解析]

（1）推理判断题。根据上两句Culture is an idea that isn't easy to understand.People often use the term to refer to things like food，holidays，clothing and music. （文化是一个不容易理解的概念。人们经常用这个词来指食物、节日、衣服和音乐）和下一句Religion，customs，beliefs and values are also part of your culture. （宗教、习俗、信仰和价值观也是你们文化的一部分）可知，文化不仅包含食物、节日、衣服和音乐，文化的意义比这更深，还包含宗教、习俗、信仰和价值观，承接上下文，B选项"但文化也比这更深。"切题。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据本段中For example，when you meet people from a different culture，ask them about their lives.It is one of the best ways to understand the culture. （例如，当你遇到来自不同文化背景的人时，询问他们的生活。这是了解文化的最好方式之一），第三段中Get to know his/her families and see how their customs and traditions differ from yours. （了解他/她的家庭，看看他们的习俗和传统与你的不同）和第四段首句Read books by and about people who are different from you.（阅读与你不同的人的书籍）可知，下文作者在介绍了解其他人文化的方式，承接下文，F选项"有很多方法可以了解其他人的文化。"切题。故选F项。
（3）细节理解题。根据上一句Maybe you've recently met someone from a different culture you find interesting. （也许你最近遇到了一个你觉得有趣的来自不同文化的人）和下一句Get to know his/her families and see how their customs and traditions differ from yours. （了解他/她的家庭，看看他们的习俗和传统与你的不同）可知，你觉得这个人有趣，去了解他/她的相关情况，说明你想和他/她交朋友，承接上下文，A选项"与他/她交朋友。"切题。故选A项。
（4）推理判断题。根据上两句Read books by and about people who are different from you.Reading memoirs （回忆录），biographies and other nonfiction books is an obvious way to learn about a country or someone's life. （阅读与你不同的人的书籍。阅读回忆录、传记和其他非小说类书籍显然是了解一个国家或某人生活的一种方式）可知，作者建议通过阅读与你不同的人的书籍来了解这个人的文化背景，可以是回忆录、传记和其他非小说类书籍，也可以是其他语言翻译过来的小说，承接上文，G选项"也不要忽视从其他语言翻译过来的小说。"切题。故选G项。
（5）推理判断题。根据下一句So accept and respect the differences between yourself and your friends from different cultures—remember that what is a difference to you is just their normal life! （因此，接受并尊重你自己和来自不同文化的朋友之间的差异﹣﹣记住，对你来说，不同的只是他们的正常生活！）可知，文化间存在差异是正常的，我们要尊重这种差异，差异才会使生活丰富多彩、有趣，承接下文，E选项"我们之间的差异使生活如此有趣。"切题。故选E项。

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本题考查了"人际交往，说明文，"，属于"必考题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

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201805. （2024•西安中学•七模）     Meeting people is the first step to make friends.But how do you actually become friends with someone？Here are some useful tips.
   1.Make small talk even if you don't feel like it
    Small talk can feel false and meaningless.But it does have a purpose.By making small talk，you show that you're friendly and open to communicating.In that way，small talk helps you to make the first connection with potential new friends.If someone doesn't make any small talk，we might assume that they don't want to make friends with us，that they don't like us，or that they're in a bad mood.
   2.Figure out what you might have in common
    When you talk to someone new and realize that you have things in common，the conversation usually goes from stiff to fun and interesting.Therefore，make it a habit to find out if you have any mutual interests or something in common.You can do this by mentioning things that interest you and seeing how they react.
   3.Don't write people off until you know them
    Don't judge people too quickly.Try not to assume that they are shallow，boring，or that you have nothing to talk about.If everyone seems uninterested，it might be because you keep getting stuck in small talk.If you only make small talk，everyone soundallow.
   4.Make people like being around you
    When you try to make people like you，it will become easier for you to make friends.When you make sure that people like being around you，they will like you.If we are with someone with a positive experience，we like that person more.

（1）What is the purpose of small talk？
A.To show that you are in a good mood.
B.To show you have something in common.
C.To show you are friendly and want to talk.
D.To show you are a potential new friend.
（2）According to the passage why do you think people around you are boring？
A.Because you don't have a deep chat with them.
B.Because they have nothing in common with you.
C.Because you don't make a small talk with them.
D.Because you don't like to make friends with them.
（3）What will you do if you want to make it easier to make friends？
A.To avoid being stuck in small talk.
B.To judge people by what they do.
C.To stay with people with a positive experience.
D.To make people willing to stay with you.

共享时间:2024-06-08 难度:2 相似度:2

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204423. （2023•铁一中学•高二上期末）     Making friends is a skill like many other skills.It improves with practice.If you want to meet people and make friends，you must be willing to take some measures.You must first go where there are people.You won't make friends staying home alone.Join a club or a group.Talking with those who like the same things as you do is much easier.Or join someone in some activities.Many people are nervous when talking to new people.After all meeting strangers means facing the unknown.And it's human nature to feel a bit uncomfortable about the unknown.Most of our fears about dealing with new people come from doubts about ourselves.We imagine other people are judging us or finding us too tall or too short，too this or too that.But don't forget that they must be feeling the same way.Try to accept yourself as you are and try to put the other person at ease.You'll both feel more comfortable.
    Try to act self-confidently even if you don't feel that way.When you enter a room full of strangers，such as a new classroom，walk tall and straight，look directly at other people and smile.
    If you see someone you'd like to speak to，say something.Don't wait for the other person to start a conversation.
    Just meeting someone new does not mean that you will make friends with that person-friendship is based on the mutual liking and" give and take".It takes time and effort to develop.

（1）The best title of the text may be        .
A．Friendship
B．How to Make Friends
C．Meeting New People
D．Facing the Unknown
（2）You can't make friends if you        .
A．take some measures
B．go to where there are people
C．avoid meeting people
D．start a conversation
（3）Which of the following statements is NOT true？
A．Making friends needs practising.
B．Making friends needs to be more active in starting a conversation.
C．When meeting someone，make him feel nice and starting a conversation.
D．Before making friends with someone，judge if he's too this or too that.

共享时间:2023-02-10 难度:2 相似度:2

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205098. （2022•蓝田县•高二下期末） The amount of plastic pollution in the oceans is rapidly increasing.This is problematic，as at least 700 kinds of ocean animals-including sharks，whales，seabirds and turtles --can become caught in the stuff or mistake it for a tasty snack.
   While we know that some ocean animals seem to catch plastic because it looks like jellyfish or some other food sources，less research has been carried out into what plastic smells like to ocean animals.But now，a study from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill has found the coating （涂层）that naturally builds up on ocean plastics causes the rubbish to give off the smell of food.
   The researchers took 15 turtles，each around five months old，and placed them in a lab aquarium.They then piped in smells of clean water，clean plastic，turtle food，and plastic that had been soaking in the ocean environment for five weeks.The turtleowed no reaction to the smells of clean water or clean plastic.But when facing ocean soaked plastic or turtle food，they stuck their noses out of the water and showed increased activity.
   "This finding is important because it's the first proof that the smell of ocean plastics causes animals to eat them， " said Dr Kenneth J Lohmann，who took part in the study. "It's common to find a turtle with its stomach full of plastic materials.There are also increasing reports of sea turtles that have become ill and stuck on the beach due to their taking in plastic. "
   According to the researchers，areas of the ocean with much plastic may trick turtles and other animals into thinking that there are plenty of food sources，when the opposite is true. "Once these plastics are in the ocean，we don't have a good way to remove them or prevent them from smelling like food， "said Lohmann. "The best thing we can do is to keep plastic from getting into the ocean at all. "

（1）Why is plastic pollution posing a threat to ocean animals？
A．It may mislead them as food.
B．It may eat up all jellyfish.
C．It may kill them with its smell.
D．It may trap 700 species of sea animals.
（2）What smell did turtles prefer according to the study？
A．Sea water.
B．Clean water.
C．Clean plastic.
D．Ocean-soaked plastic.
（3）What do we know from the study？
A．Turtles seem to eat plastic because it looks like food.
B．Turtles have died out due to their taking in plastic.
C．Turtles eat plastic because it gives off the smell of food.
D．Turtles with their stomachs full of plastic were studied.
（4）What are we supposed to do according to Dr.Kenneth J Lohmann？
A．Keep away from the polluted ocean.
B．Maintain a plastic-free ocean.
C．Remove plastic from the ocean.
D．Stop people feeding turtles plastic.

共享时间:2022-07-22 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203439. （2015•师大附中•一模） Our body clock，or natural body rhythm，influences our energy and alertness（警觉）．paying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of day when we best perform specific tasks．
   The reality，however，is that most of us organize their time around work demands，school deadlines，commuting or social events．Doing whatever your body feels like doing is a luxury in today's fast-paced modern society．
   But that doesn't mean it isn't worth trying．Obeying our body clock has significant health benefits．Disrupting our natural body rhythm，on the other hand，has been linked to problems such as depression，obesity，or headache，says Steve Key，a biology professor．
   When the body clock can synchronize（使……同步）the rhythms of its natural processes，it "gives us an advantage in daily life"，says Key．
   According to him，when it comes to cognitive （认知的） work，most adults perform best in the late morning．As our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase until midday，our memory，alertness and concentration gradually improve．
   However，he adds，our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereafter．Most of us are more easily distracted （分心） between noon and 4pm．
   Alertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak around 2pm，making that a good time for a nap．
   Surprisingly，tiredness may increase our creative powers．For most adults，problems that require open ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired，according to a study in the journal Thinking & Reasoning．
   When choosing a time of day to exercise，paying attention to your body clock can improve results．Physical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm，says Michael Smolensky，a professor of biomedical engineering．
   Of course，not everyone's body clock is the same，making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily plans．

（1）If we know our natural body rhythm well，we can．
A．organize our time around work demands
B．find out the suitable time to do specific tasks
C．do whatever our body feels like doing
D．be sure to be healthy
（2）Inspiration to solve a difficult problem will most probably come to us        ．
A．when we get up in the morning
B．when we are full of energy in the late morning
C．when we are tired in the evening
D．when we are asleep at night
（3）The main purpose of the passage is to        ．
A．criticize
B．persuade
C．encourage
D．inform
（4）Which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage？
A．Something About Natural Body Rhythm
B．Natural Body Rhythm Is Bad For Us．
C．What Is Natural Body Rhythm？
D．All The Research About Natural Body Rhythm

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203342. （2016•西工大附中•九模） High-quality customer service is told by many，but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done．
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of retail （零售） store，but instead will alarm their friends，relatives，co-workers，strangers and anyone who will listen．Store managers are often the last to hear complaints，and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors，according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school．"Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers．"Said Paula Courtney，president of the Verde group．"The store loses the customer，but the shopper must also find a replacement．"
On average，every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others，and will no longer visit the specific store．For every dissatisfied customer，a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews．The resulting"snowball effect"can be disastrous to retailers．
According to the research，shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems．Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers．The most common complaints include filled parking lots，messy and overloaded shelves，sold-out items，long check-out lines，and rude salespeople．
During peak shopping hours，some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants．Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces．This guidance got rid of the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly，and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space．
Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts，pre-stocking sales items，hiring speedy and experienced cashiers，and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions．Most importantly，salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers．
"Retailers who're responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over problems than those who aren't so friendly．"Said Professor Stephen Hoch．"Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help．"
Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer，instead of complaining to the rest of the world．Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong．

（1）Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints？
A．Customers have no easy access to store managers．
B．Few customers believe the service will be improved．
C．Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to others．
D．Most customers won't bother to complain about unhappy experiences．
（2）Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers       ．
A．won't have trouble parking their cars
B．won't have any worries about security
C．can find their cars easily after shopping
D．can stay longer looking around in the store
（3）What contributes most to smoothing over problems with customers？
A．Design of the store layout．
B．Manners of the salespeople．
C．Hiring of efficient employees．
D．Huge supply of goods for sale．
（4）To achieve better shopping experiences，customers are advised to       ．
A．voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly
B．put pressure on stores to improve their service
C．shop around and make comparisons between stores
D．settle their disagreement with stores in a diplomatic way．

共享时间:2016-06-27 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203359. （2016•西工大附中•八模） So hungry do some plants get that they eat flies，spiders，and even small frogs．What's more amazing is that these plants occur naturally （in special environments） in every state．In fact，they're found on every continent except Antarctica．
You've probably seen a Venus' flytrap．It's often sold in museum gift stores，department stores，and even supermarkets．A small plant，it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container．At the end of its stalks （茎） are specially modified leaves that act like traps．Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger （触发） hairs．When an insect lands on them，the trap suddenly shuts．Over the course of a week or so，the plant feeds on its catch．
The Venus' flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants，says Barry Meyers-Rice，the editor of the International Carnivorous（食肉的）Plant Society's Newsletter．Note：Despite any science-fiction stories you might have read，no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans．
Dr．Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating，only if it does all four of the following："attract，kill，digest，and absorb"some form of insects，including flies，butterflies，and moths．Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants---well，most of the time．
All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis （光合作用）．Plants use the sugar to make food．What makes"meat-eating"plants different is their bug-catching leaves．They need insects for one reason：nitrogen （氮）．Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can't obtain any other way．While almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil，"meat-eating"plants can't．They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity．So they've come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals．In fact，nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to"meat-eating"plants．Never fertilize them!But don't worry，either，if they never seem to catch any insects．They can survive，but they'll grow very slowly．
（1）According to the passage，carnivorous plants        ．
A．only grow in wild field
B．cannot grow on Antarctica
C．are as common as flies
D．are rare to see
（2）Venus' flytrap preys on insects by        ．
A．its numerous long and thin stalks
B．a container where it grows
C．the lining of tiny trigger hairs
D．its insect-catching leaves
（3）We can conclude from the third paragraph that        ．
A．carnivorous plants are dangerous
B．carnivorous plants are harmless to humans
C．carnivorous plants occasionally eat books
D．carnivorous plants are fictional
（4）In the eyes of the author，which of the following statements is TRUE？
A．Carnivorous plants can grow in nutrient-poor soil．
B．Carnivorous plants cannot grow in acid soil．
C．Carnivorous plants will die if they cannot catch any insects．
D．Carnivorous plants can get nitrogen from nutrient-rich soil．

共享时间:2016-06-14 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203406. （2016•西工大附中•七模） Andy Steele lives just a few blocks from the campus of Black Hills State University in Spearfish，S．D．，so commuting（经常往返） to class isn't the problem．But he doesn't like lectures much，isn't a morning person，and wants time during the day to restore motorcycles．
   So Steele，a full-time senior business major，has been taking as many classes as he can from the South Dakota State system's online offerings．He gets better grades and learns more，he says，and insists he isn't missing out on the college experience．
   "I still know a lot of people from my first two years living on campus，and I still meet a lot of people，" he says．But now，he sets his own schedule．
   At least 2.3 million people took some kind of online courses，according to a recent survey by the Sloan Consortium，an online education group，and two-thirds of colleges offering "face-to-face" courses also offer online ones．But what were once two different types of classes are looking more and more alike and often falling into the same pool of students．
   At some schools，online courses originally intended for non-traditional students living far from campus have proved surprisingly popular with on-campus students．A recent study found 42 percent of the students enrolled in its distance education courses were located on campus at the university that was hosting the online courses．
   Numbers vary depending on the policies of particular colleges，but other schools also have students mixing and matching online and "face-to-face" credits．Motives range from lifestyle to adapting to a job schedule to getting into high-demand courses．
   Washington State had about 325 on-campus undergraduates taking one or more distance courses last year．As many as 9，000 students took both distance and in-person classes at Arizona State last year．
   "Business is really about providing choices to their customers，and that's really what we want to do，" said Sheila Aaker，extended services coordinator （协调人） at Black Hills State．
   Many schools，such as Washington State and Arizona State，let departments and academic units decide who can take an online course．They say students with legitimate academic needs - a conflict with another class，a course they need to graduate that is full - often get permission，though they still must take some key classes in person．

（1）What is the purpose of the passage？
A．To introduce Steele to us，who prefers online courses．
B．To tell us about the development of campus courses．
C．To show the differences between campus courses and online courses．
D．To show more on-campus students are taking online courses．
（2）We can learn from the passage that Andy Steele        ．
A．lives far from the campus
B．knows none of his classmates
C．wants to have his own lifestyle
D．doesn't get good marks
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A．The undergraduates attend the online courses for different purposes．
B．It is expected that distance education is popular with on-campus students．
C．About 325 on-campus undergraduates took online courses in Washington last year．
D．Different colleges have different policies about online courses．
（4）From what Sheila Aaker said in the passage，we can tell        ．
A．business is the most popular major in universities
B．collegeould provide more majors for students
C．where the similarity between business and colleges lies
D．why colleges offer online courses to on-campus students

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203408. （2016•西工大附中•七模） The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby．Almost from the moment it is born，the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother．During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large，warm，and soft object in its environment，particularly if that object also gives it milk．After a week or so，however，the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on "mother"- the real mother or the mother-substitute．
   During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby．The Harlows，a couple who are both psychologists，discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes - one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire．If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature，the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother．However，if the wire model was heated，while the cloth model was cool，for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites．Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother．
   Why is cloth preferable to bare wire？Something that the Harlows called contact comfort seems to be the answer，and a most powerful influence it is．Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers' skins，putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can．Whenever the young animal is frightened，disturbed，or annoyed，it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body．Wire doesn't "rub" as well as does soft cloth．Prolonged （长时间的） "contact comfort" with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk．
   According to the Harlows，the basic quality of a baby's love for its mother is trust．If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother，the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be．It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball．If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom，the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life．After a few minutes of contact comfort，it obviously begins to feel more secure．It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys，but often rushes back for a deep embrace as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well．Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its "mother．"

（1）Psychologically，what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life？
A．Warmth
B．Milk
C．Contact
D．Trust
（2）After the first two weeks of their life，baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is        ．
A．larger in size
B．closer to them
C．less frightening and less disturbing
D．more comfortable to rub against
（3）It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure，        ．
A．it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys
B．it spends more time screaming to get rewards
C．it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting
D．it cares less about whether its mother is still around
（4）The main purpose of the passage is to        ．
A．give the reasons for the experiment
B．present the findings of the experiment
C．introduce the method of the experiment
D．describe the process of the experiment

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203409. （2016•西工大附中•七模） More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence．Wayne Meisel，director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minnesota University，said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves．In these circumstances，he said，young people lack confidence，which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything．In spite of the different conditions in China，Li Xuequan，director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation，said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation and corruption．In order to solve these problems，the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people，as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society．Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of"challenge to youth"to many young people，urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry，housing the homeless，caring for the lonely and sick，serving the elderly and preserving the environment．The letter says："Through the service，we touch the lives of others and enrich our own．"

（1）What is the main factor that leads to young people's lack of confidence in both countries？
A．Their education
B．Their laziness
C．Economic pressure
D．Part-time jobs
（2）What was the possible situation in the 1960s？
A．Young people lacked confidence as well．
B．Young people were quite confident in America．
C．Young people in America were able to do anything well．
D．Young Chinese people were very confident．
（3）The passage is mainly about         in the two countries．
A．lack of confidence of the young people
B．problems of the young people and ways to solve them
C．approaches to touching the lives of others
D．challenges for the young people

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203477. （2015•师大附中•四模） Scientists recently discovered that pictures on cave walls at Creswell Crags are the oldest known in Great Britain．But they didn't find out in the usual way．
   Archaeologists often date cave art with a process called radiocarbon dating．The technique can measure the age of carbon found in charcoal（木炭）drawings or painted pictures．Carbon is an element found in many things，including charcoal and even people．But in this case，there was no paint or charcoal to test．People carved the pictures of animals and figures into the rock using stone tools．The scientists had an "aha!" moment when they noticed small rocks stuck to the top of the drawings．The small rocks must have formed after the drawings were made．
   "It is rare to be able to scientifically date rock art，" said Alistair Pike，an archaeological scientist at Britain's University of Bristol． "We were very fortunate that some of the engravings were covered by stalagmites（石笋）．
   When a test proved that the stalagmites formed 12，800 years ago，the scientists knew the art underneath them had to be at least that old．And some of the animalown，like the European bison，are now extinct--another tip-off that the art is quite old．
   The artists came to Creswell Crags，This place is one of the farthest points north reached by our ancient ancestors during the Ice Age．At that time，much of the North Sea was dry，so people could move about more easily．
   Some tools and bones found there are 13，000 to 15，000 years old．They show that the travelers hunted horses，reindeer，and arctic hare．Their artwork is similar to art in France and Germany．It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a close connection to peoples several thousand kilometers away-another important clue to understanding how humans spread out across the world．

（1）Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage？
A．Cave Art About Animals Is Most Beautiful
B．Cave Art Found in an Unusual Way
C．Cave Art Turns Out to Be Britain's Oldest
D．Cave Art in Britain
（2）From Paragraph Two，people can conclude        ．
A．archaeologists can work out the date of cave art
B．radiocarbon dating appeared only in Britain
C．archaeologists are good at using stone tools
D．drawings and painted pictures are really necessary for the formation of small rocks．
（3）Why do scientists say the art is quite old？
A．The art was carved into stone with stone tools．
B．The animals carved in the stone are beautiful．
C．The cave is one of the farthest points in the world．
D．Some pictures were covered by stalagmites more than 10，000 years old．
（4）By studying the cave art，scientists know something about        ．
A．how ancient people crossed the North Sea
B．why some of the animals have died out
C．how humans spread out across the world
D．what kind of animals people hunt at that time

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203440. （2015•师大附中•一模） About 6 percent of luxury hotels in three major Chinese cities have stopped serving shark fin （鱼翅），a survey has found．Although the controversial dish remains on the menu at most hotels，Green Beagle Environment Institute，a Beijing-based non-government organization that was the main sponsor of the survey，said the results are encouraging and reflect increased awareness．
   The survey was carried out in Beijing，Shenzhen and Fuzhou，which were selected as representative cities to collect basic data on shark fin consumption nationwide．In Beijing，132 hotels completed the phone questionnaire between Nov．20 and Dec．12．Only 12 hotels，9 percent，said they do not serve shark fin．A similar survey of 131 Beijing hotels conducted a year ago found only one hotel that did not serve shark fin，Wang Xue，chief coordinator （协调人） of the survey，said on Saturday．In Shenzhen，four out of the 85 four and five star hotels surveyed had stopped serving shark fin，accounting for about 5 percent．In Fuzhou，only one of the 40 hotels surveyed did not serve shark fin．On average，about 6.61 percent of the hotels in the three cities did not serve the food．
   "The survey reminded us there is still a long way to go to remove shark fins from Chinese hotels and restaurants，but the improved situation in Beijing is encouraging，" said Wang． "We found more hotels and restaurants were willing to take action over the past year．" International hotels are more active in the "shark-fin-free" project，she noted．China is the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin，which has been used in luxurious Chinese dishes for 500 years．Dishes made from shark fin are still regarded as a symbol of honor and respect，especially at business dinners，according to Wang．
   Research has also found that shark fin contains poisonous elements，but the nutritious value is less than that of chicken or pork． "We hope hotels and restaurants remove shark fin products from their menus，" Wang added．

（1）Why do Chinese people like eating shark fin？
A．Shark fin stands for honor and respect in China．
B．Shark fin is rich in a variety of nutrition．
C．The living standard of Chinese is much better than before．
D．Shark fin can make people live longer．
（2）In which way was the survey carried out？
A．Interviewing on the spot．
B．Phone questionnaire．
C．Filling the forms．
D．Talk show．
（3）According to the text，which city did the best this year？
A．Shanghai
B．Shenzhen
C．Fuzhou
D．Beijing
（4）The author wants to tell us        ．
A．the opinions divided on consuming shark fin
B．Chinese people' taste of shark fin
C．the appeal to hotels and restaurants for stopping serving shark fin
D．the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203322. （2016•西工大附中•七模） The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby．Almost from the moment it is born，the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother．During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large，warm，and soft object in its environment，particularly if that object also gives it milk．After a week or so，however，the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on"mother"-the real mother or the mother-substitute．
During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby．The Harlows，a couple who are both psychologists，discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes-one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire．If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature，the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother．However，if the wire model was heated，while the cloth model was cool，for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites．Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother．
Why is cloth preferable to bare wire？Something that the Harlows called contact comfort seems to be the answer，and a most powerful influence it is．Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers' skins，putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can．Whenever the young animal is frightened，disturbed，or annoyed，it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body．Wire doesn't"rub"as well as does soft cloth．Prolonged （长时间的）"contact comfort"with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk．
According to the Harlows，the basic quality of a baby's love for its mother is trust．If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother，the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be．It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball．If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom，the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life．After a few minutes of contact comfort，it obviously begins to feel more secure．It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys，but often rushes back for a deep embrace as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well．Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its"mother．"
（1）Psychologically，what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two
weeks of its life？

A．Warmth

B．Milk

C．Contact

D．Trust

（2）After the first two weeks of their life，baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to
the wire mother because the former is ．

A．larger in size	B．closer to them
C．less frightening and less disturbing D．more comfortable to rub against

（3）It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure，．
A．it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys
B．it spends more time screaming to get rewards
C．it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting
D．it cares less about whether its mother is still around
（4）The main purpose of the passage is to ．
A．give the reasons for the experiment
B．present the findings of the experiment
C．introduce the method of the experiment
D．describe the process of the experiment．

共享时间:2016-06-04 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203478. （2015•师大附中•四模） In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity，others say that competition is bad；that it sets one person against another；that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
   I have taught many children who held the belief that their self - worth relied （依赖） on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life - and - death affairs．In their single - minded pursuit （追求） of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
   However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an excuse： "I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．" What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self - respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解） can we discover a new meaning in competition．

（1）What does this passage mainly talk about？
A．Competition helps to set up self - respect．
B．Opinions about competition are different among people．
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
（2）Why do some people favor competition according to the passage？
A．It pushes society forward．
B．It builds up a sense of duty．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It encourages individual efforts．
（3）The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means       ．
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
（4）Which point of view may the author agree to
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Competition should be encouraged．
C．Winning should be a life - and - death matter．
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203516. （2015•西工大附中•八模） Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful？This might be called laziness，but Dr．Kleitman has a new explanation．He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle．
   During the hours when you labour through your work，you may say that you're"hot"．That's true．The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak．For some people that peak comes during the forenoon．For others it comes in the afternoon or evening．No one has discovered why this is so，but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语）as"Get up，John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening．Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has．
   You can't change your energy cycle，but you can make your life fit it better．Habit can help．Dr．Kleitman believes．Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway．Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to．If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day，rise before your usual hour．This won't change your cycle，but you'll get up energy and work better at your low point．
   Get off to a slow start which saves your energy．Get up with a yawn and stretch．Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor．Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before．Whenever possible，do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours．

（1）If you want to work better at your low point in the morning，you should       ．
A．change your energy cycle
B．overcome your laziness
C．get up earlier than usual
D．go to bed earlier
（2）You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will       ．
A．help to keep your energy for the day's work
B．help you to control your temper early in the day
C．enable you to get your energy on your routine work
D．keep your energy cycle under control all day
（3）What's the best title of the passage？
A．Change Your Habits
B．Save Your Energy
C．Daily Energy Cycle
D．Temperature-and-Energy Peak
（4）The text is likely to be selected from a book of       ．
A．fashion
B．geography
C．environment
D．Science

共享时间:2015-06-19 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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213544. （2022•长安七中•高二上期中） There are two factors which determine an individual's intelligence．The first is the sort of brain he is born with．Human brains differ considerably，some being more capable than others．But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with，an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn．So the second factor is what happens to the individual-the sort of environment in which he is reared．If an individual is handicapped environmentally，it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable．
   The importance of environment in determining an individual's intelligence can be demonstrated by the case history of the identical twins，Peter and Mark．Being identical，the twins had identical brains at birth，and their growth processes were the same．When the twins were three months old，their parents died，and they were placed in separate foster homes．Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities．Mark was reared in the home of well-to-do parents who had been to college．He was read to as a child，sent to good schools，and given every opportunity to be stimulated intellectually．This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens，when they were given tests to measure their intelligence．Mark's I．Q．was 125，twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his identical brother．Given equal opportunities，the twins，having identical brains，would have tested at roughly the same level．

（1）This selection can best be titled        ．
A．Measuring Your Intelligence
B．Intelligence and Environment
C．The Case of Peter and Mark
D．How the brain Influences Intelligence
（2）According to the passage，the average I．Q．is        ．
A．85
B．100
C．110
D．125
（3）The case history of the twins appears to support the conclusion that        ．
A．individual with identical brains seldom test at same level
B．an individual's intelligence is determined only by his environment
C．lack of opportunity blocks the growth of intelligence
D．changes of environment produce changes in the structure of the brain
（4）This passage suggests that an individual's I．Q．        ．
A．can be predicted at birth
B．stays the same throuth out his life
C．can be increased by education
D．is determined by his childhood

共享时间:2022-11-19 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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dygzyyyn

2023-05-16

高中英语 | 高一下 | 阅读理解

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