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203477. （2015•师大附中•四模） Scientists recently discovered that pictures on cave walls at Creswell Crags are the oldest known in Great Britain．But they didn't find out in the usual way．
   Archaeologists often date cave art with a process called radiocarbon dating．The technique can measure the age of carbon found in charcoal（木炭）drawings or painted pictures．Carbon is an element found in many things，including charcoal and even people．But in this case，there was no paint or charcoal to test．People carved the pictures of animals and figures into the rock using stone tools．The scientists had an "aha!" moment when they noticed small rocks stuck to the top of the drawings．The small rocks must have formed after the drawings were made．
   "It is rare to be able to scientifically date rock art，" said Alistair Pike，an archaeological scientist at Britain's University of Bristol． "We were very fortunate that some of the engravings were covered by stalagmites（石笋）．
   When a test proved that the stalagmites formed 12，800 years ago，the scientists knew the art underneath them had to be at least that old．And some of the animalown，like the European bison，are now extinct--another tip-off that the art is quite old．
   The artists came to Creswell Crags，This place is one of the farthest points north reached by our ancient ancestors during the Ice Age．At that time，much of the North Sea was dry，so people could move about more easily．
   Some tools and bones found there are 13，000 to 15，000 years old．They show that the travelers hunted horses，reindeer，and arctic hare．Their artwork is similar to art in France and Germany．It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a close connection to peoples several thousand kilometers away-another important clue to understanding how humans spread out across the world．

（1）Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage？
A．Cave Art About Animals Is Most Beautiful
B．Cave Art Found in an Unusual Way
C．Cave Art Turns Out to Be Britain's Oldest
D．Cave Art in Britain
（2）From Paragraph Two，people can conclude        ．
A．archaeologists can work out the date of cave art
B．radiocarbon dating appeared only in Britain
C．archaeologists are good at using stone tools
D．drawings and painted pictures are really necessary for the formation of small rocks．
（3）Why do scientists say the art is quite old？
A．The art was carved into stone with stone tools．
B．The animals carved in the stone are beautiful．
C．The cave is one of the farthest points in the world．
D．Some pictures were covered by stalagmites more than 10，000 years old．
（4）By studying the cave art，scientists know something about        ．
A．how ancient people crossed the North Sea
B．why some of the animals have died out
C．how humans spread out across the world
D．what kind of animals people hunt at that time

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1

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（1）C．主旨大意题．根据全文和第一段的"Scientists recently discovered that pictures on cave walls at Creswell Crags are the oldest known in Great Britain．"可知，本文主要讲述 Cave art为什么是英国最古老的艺术，文章的后半部分给出了证据．故选C．
（2）A．细节理解题．根据文章的第二段"Archaeologists often date cave art with a process called radiocarbon dating．"判断，考古学家可以计算出山洞艺术的日期．故选A．
（3）D．细节理解题．根据文章第四段的句子"When a test proved that the stalagmites formed 12，800 years ago，the scientists knew the art underneath them had to be at least that old．"可知，考古学家是根据两点判断Cave art的历史的：一些画被石笋覆盖着，而根据研究石笋已有12，800年的历史．故选D．
（4）C．细节理解题．根据短文的最后一句"It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a close connection to peoples several thousand kilometers away﹣another important clue to understanding how humans spread out across the world．"可知，通过研究山洞艺术科学家了解了人类在世界上是怎么分布的．故选C．

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220435. （2015•长安区一中•高三上一月） It's not easy growing up．Growing up can be a real"pain"for some of us．Sometimes we feel worried，sometimes we feel sad，sometimes we are fearful，and sometimes we just don't understand why we can't stay young forever．But we should take a look back on all the hardships in life with a positive attitude and learn from them．We must overcome every obstacle one small step at a time．We should realize that all of our growing pains actually turn into growing gains!
Throughout our lives we are going to face many challenges and pains，but we should never let these obstacles keep us from following our dreams．
As a young girl，my parents forced me to do so many things that I didn't like．They made me learn to play the violin and then the piano．At that time I hated music and I also hated them．But looking back now，I am so glad that my parents encouraged me to take music lessons．Music has enriched my life in so many ways．I now realize that my parents and teachers wanted me to have a better life than they did themselves．
We are all going to experience growing pains，but they are just part of our life．They might seem so huge at the time，but we must be strong．Think about how we would feel if we had no challenges and lived a life like that．Life would be really boring and meaningless．The future is ours!A little hard work and sweat never hurt anyone!If we realize that these pains are just small bumps on our road to success，we will realize that our growing pains are actually growing gains!

（1）The underlined word"obstacles"（in Paragraph 2）roughly means things that       ．
A．are related to your studies
B．you easily achieve
C．make it difficult for you to do something
D．make you happy
（2）How does the author now feel when remembering what her parents did for her in the past？
A．She feels hateful
B．She is grateful
C．She feels upset
D．She is fearful
（3）The purpose of the passage is to tell readers       ．
A．everyone should do what they don't like when young
B．everyone is painful in growing up
C．growing pains can turn into growing gains in a positive way
D．life is full of hardships．

共享时间:2015-10-19 难度:1 相似度:2

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201968. （2023•长安区•一模） Electronic sensors built into paper could be used in a range of ways from information storage to touch screens and more.
   Electronic sensors built into cartons（纸盒）may make it easier to tell when it's time to throw out rotten milk or orange juice.And that's just the start.At least that's the goal for researchers working on putting electronics into paper.They're trying to figure out how to combine the flexibility，low-cost and recyclability of paper with the information-carrying ability of electronics.
   Daniel Torbjork，a physics graduate student in Finland，has been working on the problem.He's published a review of the field in the journal Advanced Materials.
   Much research has been focused in this area.While most electronic applications require patterned conducting structures，conductive paper could be used in applications such as energy storage devices，sensors，electric heaters and others，according to Torbjork.
   "You could even have some interactive functions in magazines，" Torbjork said，"You could put a simple game in a package.If you want a touch screen，press a button and then something happen.Sensors in paper could tell us when something has gone bad."
   Additional applications，such as information storage and security paper，have been suggested for magnetic papers containing magnetite.In Massachusetts，researchers have figured out how to post a video of such a device put into a paper airplane.
   German researchers have also put electronic chips in paper bank notes to defend counter-feiters（造伪币者）.Paper is a good material but printing electronics also requires low-cost manufacturing.As many US and European paper makers lose market share to cheaper paper from China，these big paper companies are looking for added value products.That's where electronic paper devices could make a difference.
   "The major obstacles are paper's large surface roughness and chemical impurities." Torbjork says.But others in the field think that electronic sensors in paper are still far from the consumer marketplace.
   "I don't think it's going to happen." said Roy Horgan. "You need a conductive surface.It could be 10 years out.What we are looking for are solutions that you can commercialize today."
   Solar Print is partnering with Italian automaker Fiat to develop a unique auto-glass with tiny photostatic cells（光电）that can capture electricity from the sun.In the meantime，using paper to conduct electricity is still a "blue-sky" project.
   "I would love to see someone prove me wrong，because that means that it's actually happening." Horgan said. "If someone comes up with conductive paper，then that's a very interesting technology."

（1）Putting electronics into paper will        .
A．cut the cost and impurity of paper
B．depend on flexible conductive structure
C．help consume rotten milk or orange juice
D．combine the advantages of paper and electronics
（2）Paragraphs 4 to 7 mainly talk about the         of the conductive paper.
A．theories
B．structures
C．practical use
D．design process
（3）Some paper makers welcome the new technology probably because it will         .
A．add more value to paper
B．make the paper smoother
C．put an end to fake money
D．improve the printing technology
（4）From the passage，we know that Roy Horgan        .
A．has a burning desire to make a great profit
B．started a "blue-sky" project to study paper
C．is not confident about the conductive paper
D．showed much interest in Solar Print industry

共享时间:2023-03-05 难度:1 相似度:2

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202100. （2022•西安中学•七模） Your house may have an effect on your figure.Experts say the way you design your home could play a role in whether you pack on the pounds or keep them off.You can make your environment work for you instead of against you.Here are some ways to turn your home into part of your diet plan.
   Open the curtains and turn up the lights.Dark environments are more likely to encourage overeating，for people are often less self-conscious（难为情）when they're in poorly lit places—and so more likely to eat lots of food.If your home doesn't have enough window light，get more lamps and flood the place with brightness.
   Mind the colors.Research suggests warm colors fuel our appetites.In one study，people who ate meals in a blue room consumed 33 percent less than those in a yellow or red room.Warm colors like yellow make food appear more appetizing，while cold colors make us feel less hungry.So when it's time to repaint，go blue.
   Don't forget the clock—or the radio.People who eat slowly tend to consume about 70 fewer calories（卡路里） per meal than those who rush through their meals.Begin keeping track of the time，and try to make dinner last at least 30 minutes.And while you're at it，actually sit down to eat.If you need some help slowing down，turn on relaxing music.It makes you less likely to rush through a meal.
   Downsize the dishes.Big serving bowls and plates can easily make us fat.We eat about 22 percent more when using a 12-inch plate instead of a 10-inch plate.When we choose a large spoon over a smaller one，total intake（摄入）jumps by 14 percent.And we'll pour about 30 percent more liquid into a short，wide glass than a tall，skinny glass.

（1）The text is especially helpful for those who care about        .
A．their home comforts
B．their body shape
C．house buying
D．healthy diets
（2）A home environment in blue can help people        .
A．Digest food better
B．Reduce body intake
C．Burn more calories
D．Regain their appetites
（3）What are people advised to do at mealtimes？
A．Eat quickly.
B．Play fast music.
C．Use smaller spoons.
D．Turn down the lights.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．Is Your House Making You Fat？
B．Ways of Serving Dinner
C．Effects of Self-consciousness
D．Is Your Home Environment Relaxing？

共享时间:2022-06-07 难度:1 相似度:2

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202150. （2022•西安中学•八模） Plants：we eat them，juice them-and now it seems we can mine them too!
   After a successful experiment on the island of Borneo，the botany professor Alan
   Baker and a group of researchers want to introduce phytomining （harvesting minerals from plants） as a better，partial substitute for traditional mining.
   Phytomining，also known as agromining，means collecting metals from live plants.However，this can only be done with a group of plants known as "hyperaccumulators".There are around 700 identified types worldwide，and what makes these hyperaccumulators special is that they naturally attract and absorb minerals through their roots-metals poisonous to other plants- and then store huge，pure concentrations of these minerals in their bodies.The metals can then be extracted（提取） from the plants' sap（汁；液），oil，or sometimes even live tissue.
   Baker and his colleagues see a lot of potential in phytomining.Not only can it help meet the growing global demand for metals，but is a way of undoing some of that damage to the environment by traditional mining.
   One of the biggest problems with traditional mining is that it pollutes the surrounding area.Phytomining can extract metal waste，plus planting the hyperaccumulators would regrow the deforested areas caused by mining operations.Aside from this，if phytomining is able to replace part of traditional mining，then there would be fewer instances of bad mining practices like abandoned mines，which pollute the nearby waters.Also，since phytomining provides metals that are already naturally pure，there is no need to use huge amounts of energy to purify the ore（矿石）.
   Phytomining has its drawbacks.Harvesting plants on a large scale is expensive today，compared to traditional mining.Besides，plants can be wiped out by diseases or unexpected weather conditions.
   However，there are many reasons to consider phytomining.After all，we need to make sure that our planet can keep up and sustainable practices like phytomining give us the hope that our advancement doesn't mean sacrificing Mother Earth.

（1）What makes hyperaccumulators different from other plants？
A．The sap poisonous to other plants.
B．The oil extracted from live plant tissue.
C．The ability to take in and store minerals.
D．The concentrations of mineral in their bodies.
（2）What is the advantage of phytomining？
A．It uses clean energy to purify the ore.
B．It may reduce the deserted mines.
C．It can't be destroyed by diseases.
D．It can stop deforestation.
（3）What is the author's attitude toward phytomining？
A．Pessimistic.
B．Indifferent.
C．Optimistic.
D．Skeptical.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．Metals From Plants.
B．Benefits of Phytomining.
C．The Future of Phytomining.
D．What Are Hyperaccumulators？

共享时间:2022-06-15 难度:1 相似度:2

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202188. （2022•周至县•三模） The Royal Botanical Gardens，Kew，in the UK，are home to thousands of fascinating plants，but none are as lonely as the Encephalartos woodii （伍德苏铁），an ancient cycad species and，most likely，the last one of its kind.
   It was in 1895 that botanist John Wood noticed this interesting looking palm tree on a steep slope in southern Africa.Spellbound by its multiple trunks and arched palm fronds，Dr.Wood- who made his living collecting rare plants- had some stems removed and sent to London in a box.It ended up in the Palm House at the Royal Botanical Gardens，where it has been waiting for a mate for over a century.Despite numerous efforts to find it a mate，the Encephalartos woodii at Kew remains alone，unable to produce an offspring and reproduce its species.For this reason，many consider it the world's loneliest plant.
   Two hundred million years ago，when dinosaurs still roamed the world，cycads were everywhere.They made up around 20% of plants，acted aelter for some dinosaur species and as food supply for others.They managed to somehow survive five ice ages，adapted to coexist with new species of plants，but as time passed，their numbers dwindled.Like all other cycads，Encephalartos woodii went from numbering millions of specimens，to thousands，and today，possibly just one，a male.
   Some plants have both male and female organs，but not Encephalartos woodii.Without a female specimen to produce the seeds，it can never mate.
   The Encephalartos woodii is technically not the last of its kind.It has been cloned several times，and its clones can be found in several botanical gardens around the world.It can even mate with some closely related species，but it can't produce a true offspring.It just sits there，the last of its ancient species waiting for a female species to be found somewhere on Earth. "Surely this is the loneliest organism in the world，" biologist Richard Fortey once wrote， "growing older，alone，and fated to have no successors.Nobody knows how long it will live."

（1）What can we learn about the Encephalartos woodii？
A．It once was a common being with male and female organs.
B．It has been the last of its species for centuries.
C．Scientists' efforts to produce any young of it were in vain.
D．It used to play an important role in the survival of dinosaurs.
（2）What does the underlined word "dwindled" probably mean in Paragraph 3？
A．Declined.
B．Increased.
C．Multiplied.
D．Rocketed.
（3）What's Richard Fortey's attitude towards the plant？
A．Favorable.
B．Indifferent.
C．Sympathetic.
D．Skeptical.
（4）What is the best title for this text？
A．The last Cycad on Earth.
B．The World's Loneliest Plant.
C．The Plant that Outlived Dinosaurs.
D．The Ancient Cycad Found by John Wood.

共享时间:2022-04-12 难度:1 相似度:2

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202044. （2022•西安中学•四模） Electronic sensors built into paper could be used in a range of ways from information storage to touch screens and more.
   Electronic sensors built into cartons（纸盒）may make it easier to tell when it's time to throw out rotten milk or orange juice.And that's just the start.At least that's the goal for researchers working on putting electronics into paper.They're trying to figure out how to combine the flexibility，low-cost and recyclability of paper with the information-carrying ability of electronics.
   Daniel Torbjork，a physics graduate student in Finland，has been working on the problem.He's published a review of the field in the journal Advanced Materials.
   Much research has been focused in this area.While most electronic applications require patterned conducting structures，conductive paper could be used in applications such as energy storage devices，sensors，electric heaters and others，according to Torbjork.
   "You could even have some interactive functions in magazines，" Torbjork said，"You could put a simple game in a package.If you want a touch screen，press a button and then something happen.Sensors in paper could tell us when something has gone bad."
   Additional applications，such as information storage and security paper，have been suggested for magnetic papers containing magnetite.In Massachusetts，researchers have figured out how to post a video of such adevice put into a paper airplane.
   German researchers have also put electronic chips in paper bank notes to defend counterfeiters （造伪币者）.Paper is a good material but printing electronics also requires low-cost manufacturing.As many US and European paper makers lose market share to cheaper paper from China，these big paper companies are looking for added value products.That's where electronic paper devices could make a difference.
   "The major obstacles are paper's large surface roughness and chemical impurities. "Torbjork says.But others in the field think that electronic sensors in paper are still far from the consumer marketplace.
   "I don't think it's going to happen." said Roy Horgan. "You need a conductive surface.It could be 10 years out.What we are looking for are solutions that you can commercialize today. "
   Solar Print is partnering with Italian automaker Fiat to develop a unique auto-glass with tiny photostatic cells（光电） that can capture electricity from the sun.In the meantime，using paper to conduct electricity is still a "blue-sky" project.
   "I would love to see someone prove me wrong，because that means that it's actually happening. " Horgan said. "If someone comes up with conductive paper，then that's a very interesting technology."

（1）Putting electronics into paper will        .
A．cut the cost and impurity of paper
B．depend on flexible conductive structure
C．help consume rotten milk or orange juice
D．combine the advantages of paper and electronics
（2）Paragraphs 4 to 7 mainly talk about the         of the conductive paper.
A．practical use
B．theories
C．structures
D．design process
（3）Some paper makers welcome the new technology probably because it will        .
A．put an end to fake money
B．make the paper smoother
C．add more value to paper
D．improve the printing technology
（4）From the passage，we know that Roy Horgan        .
A．has a burning desire to make a great profit
B．showed much interest in Solar Print industry
C．is not confident about the conductive paper
D．started a "blue-sky" project to study paper

共享时间:2022-04-19 难度:1 相似度:2

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202042. （2022•西安中学•四模） Do you want to travel to the New England Aquarium and experience it？If you are an Aquarium super fan，I believe you must be interested in some information below.
   Animal encounter Programs
   Dive into the water with a seal.Stand on top of the four storey Giant Ocean Tank to feed the animals.Go behind the scenes of your favorite exhibits.Whether you have an unquenchable（无法遏制的）curiosity about oceanic animals or you want a brand new observation on popular exhibits，fascinating Animal Encounter programs are designed for the Aquarium super fans.Call Central Reservations at 617-973-5206 to book your program.
   Daily Performances
   Don't miss a day in the life of the New England Aquarium.Be sure to catch our daily events，which include penguin feedings，seal training sessions，dives in the Giant Ocean Tank and live animal performances.Our daily schedule will tell you when and where to watch your favorite program.All programs are included with admission.
   Special Programs
   Join us for family activities at the Aquarium，where we explore the blue planet most days through art，animals and other activities.We focus on one animal every month with Blue Discoveries Family Day，from octopuses（章鱼）to whales.These activities are included with admission.For a fee，schools and other qualifying groups can also choose Explorer Classes for kids and special 3-D showings.
   Virtual Tours and Videos
   Before stepping foot in the Aquarium，explore some of our special exhibits and learn what to expect.Check out the Field Trip Orientation video before arriving with your group.The How to Be a Shark and Ray（鳐鱼）Whisperer video gives special instructions on how to best experience our shark and ray touch tank.The Blue Impact virtual tour highlights some of our exhibits as it explains the impact of climate change on oceans around the world.

（1）What does the passage tell us？
A．Visitors can't see whales in the aquarium.
B．The New England Aquarium has four storeys.
C．Visitors can dive in the Giant Ocean Tank in the aquarium.
D．Qualifying groups can choose Explorer Classes for adults in the aquarium.
（2）What do visitors have to pay extra money for？
A．Penguin feedings.
B．Seal training sessions.
C．Special 3-D showings.
D．The Blue Impact virtual tour.
（3）Why does the Aquarium set up Virtual Tours and Videos？
A．To help visitors best experience the Aquarium.
B．To draw attention to climate change on oceans.
C．To sell video disks of the Aquarium to the visitors.
D．To give instructions on how to protect oceanic animals.

共享时间:2022-04-19 难度:1 相似度:2

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202226. （2022•临潼区•一模） You probably don't think of scientific or medical instruments as the kind of instruments that actually make music.But now researchers have built a scientific instrument specifically designed to detect counterfeit（伪造的）medications through sound.
   The World Health Organization estimates about 10 percent of the medications in low and middle-income countries are fakes.Sometimes，dangerous ones.So the idea here is to fill the tube with a sample that's known to be safe.Then compare it to a bottle you're not so sure about.
   "If you get the same pitch（音高）out of those two samples，it's very good evidence that they're probably the same material，and the suspect substance is a safe drug to take.But if you get a different pitch out of the two samples，that's absolute proof that those two samples are chemically different.And that shows you there's something wrong with the sample you were given and you probably shouldn't take it."
   The instrument is designed to test only liquid samples for now.And while the human ear is sensitive enough to hear the difference between samples of air and water，the difference between a real and a counterfeit drug might be imperceptible to our ears.So Grover built a free website where users can upload recordings of the instrument，from their smartphone or computer，and analyze the hertz.Then repeat it with the suspect sample.
   ...in the hope of inspiring people around the world to build these things themselves. "I can literally make one of these out of junk in your garage in about five minutes probably.The hardest thing to come by is tubing.We've made them out of bent copper tubing like you get out of a radiator.Just junk，lying around.It's remarkable how easy they are to make.My dream would be to have the instructions for making them and using them shared as widely as possible."
   It is，admittedly，a pretty convincing pitch.

（1）What's the passage mainly about？
A．A scientific instrument.
B．A pretty convincing tube.
C．A suspect sample.
D．A dangerous instrument.
（2）What's the function of the instrument according to the passage？
A．To give the buyer more drugs as a gift.
B．To make the wonderful music.
C．To carry the liquid.
D．To test fake medications through sound.
（3）Where can you get the material to build this kind of scientific instrument？
A．The junk in the garage.
B．The junk in the drugstore.
C．The junk in the supermarket.
D．The junk in the factory.
（4）What can we learn about the instrument from the passage？
A．Everyone can make it easily.
B．It can play the music you like.
C．There is a long way to go.
D．It is widely used to test medicine.

共享时间:2022-03-01 难度:1 相似度:2

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202244. （2022•临潼区•二模） The World Health Organization says the widespread use of sugar in food products and drinks is a major concern in many areas.So WHO officials are calling on governments to require taxes on sugary drinks in an effort to limit their usage and popularity.The officials believe the taxes also would reduce the risk of health problems resulting from obesity.
   Obesity is a condition in which the body stores large，unhealthy amounts of fat.Obese individuals are considered overweight.A new report says that in 2014 more than one-third of the adults in the world were overweight，and 500 million were considered obese.The United Nations agency estimates that in 2015，42 million children under age 5 were either overweight or obese.It says that number represents an increase of about 11 million during the past 15 years.Almost half of these boys and girls live in Asia and one-fourth in Africa.
   The U.N.agency blames unhealthy diets for a rise in diabetes cases.There are 422 million cases of the disease worldwide.Who says 1.5 million people die from it every year.It says the use of sugar in food products，like sugary drinks，is a major reason for the increase in rates of obesity and diabetes.
   Temo waqanivalu is with the agency's Department for the Prevention on Non-Communicable Diseases：He told VOA that taxing sugary drinks would reduce consumption and save lives.Waqanivalu noted that Mexico enacted a law of a 10 percent tax on sugary drinks in 2014.He said by the end of the year，there was a 6 percent drop in the consumption of such drinks.Among poor people，the number of people who consumed sugary drinks dropped by 17 percent.
   The WHO says people should limit the amount of sugar they consume.It says they should keep their sugar intake to below 10 percent of their total energy needs，and reduce it to less than 5 percent for improved health.

（1）Why are taxes on sugary drinks required？
A．To warn people to change their life style.
B．To readjust the economic structure.
C．To limit their use and popularity.
D．To ensure the market's diverse development.
（2）What do the figures in the second paragraph suggest？
A．Obesity is a severe worldwide problem.
B．Adult obesity is ignored at present.
C．Obesity can block economic development.
D．Obesity is most serious in developed countries.
（3）What does the underlined word "enacted" mean in the passage？
A．Abolished.
B．Passed.
C．Promised.
D．Reduced.
（4）What does the example of Mexico prove？
A．Tax policies are unfair to the poor.
B．Taxing sugary drinks makes a difference.
C．The poor consume more sugary drinks.
D．Sugary drinks are a threat to health.

共享时间:2022-03-18 难度:1 相似度:2

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201826. （2024•西安中学•九模） In February of 1942，Mexican farmer Dionisio Pulido thought he heard thunder coming from his cornfield.However，the sound wasn't coming from the sky.The source was a large smoking break sending out gas and pushing out rocks.This opening would come to be known as the volcano Paricutin，and over the next 9 years，its lava and ash would cover over 200 square km.But where did this new volcano come from，and what caused its unpredictable eruption？
   One of the most common causes of an eruption is an increase in magmastatic（静磁）pressure.Magma（岩浆）contains various elements and compounds.At high enough concentrations，compounds like water or sulfur（硫）form high-pressure gas bubbles.When these balls of gas reach the surface，they can burst with the force of a gunshot.And when millions of bubbles explode，the energy can send ash into the air.But before they pop or burst，they act like bubbles of CO₂ in a shaken soda.
   Not all eruptions are due to rising magmastatic pressure- sometimes the weight of the rock above can become dangerously low.Landslides can remove massive quantities of rock from atop a magma chamber or room，dropping the pressure and instantly touching off an eruption.This process is known as "unloading" and it's been responsible for numerous eruptions，including the sudden explosion of Mount St.Helens in 1980.But unloading can also happen over longer periods of time due heating ice or melting glaciers.In fact，many geologists are worried that glacial melt caused by climate change could increase volcanic activity.
   Unfortunately，knowing what causes eruptions doesn't make them easy to predict.While scientists can roughly determine the strength and weight of the Earth's crust（地壳），the depth and heat of magma chambers makes measuring changes in magmastatic pressure very difficult.But volcanologists are constantly exploring new technology to overcome this rocky field.Advances in thermal imaging（热成像）have allowed scientists to detect underground hotspots.Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefully，these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.

（1）Why does the author mention the story of a farmer in the first paragraph？
A．To show the power of volcano eruption.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To introduce the volcano Paricutin.
D．To explain the reason.
（2）What does the underlined word "they" in paragraph 2 refer to？
A．The bubbles of CO₂ .
B．The ash of the volcano.
C．Gas bubbles of compounds.
D．The elements of a soda.
（3）Which of the following is true about the eruption of Mount St.Helens？
A．Landslideould be responsible for its eruption.
B．It began to explode over a long period of time.
C．The process of "unloading" occurred after its explosion.
D．The weight of the rock above it increased as to cause its eruption.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．Scientists can determine the eruption of volcano in advance.
B．It is quite difficult to measure the weight of the Earth's crust.
C．Spectrometers can help scientists to detect underground hotspots.
D．Scientists are positive about further study of volcano eruption.

共享时间:2024-06-24 难度:1 相似度:2

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202281. （2022•西工大附中•七模） It is not easy to excite New Yorkers or keep them going easy on things around.This is one reason why actors and other famous people move to the city.They can live quieter lives and escape the paparazzi photographers who would follow them in Hollywood.
   But New York has a new media star.And this star is not living so quietly.The star is a colorful Mandarin duck.The bird first appeared this month in a small body of water in Manhattan's Central Park.Large crowds have gathered to see the duck.Reporters have been following its every move.The media attention on the duck has earned the name "quackarazzi" – a word combination of paparazzi and the sound a duck makes!
   The duck has chosen to live in a costly part of New York -- just off Fifth Avenue，near the historic Plaza Hotel.There，hundreds of people turn up every day，hoping to see the bird show off its extremely colorful feathers.Many people like the duck because its colors are like "sunsets，" says New Yorker Joe Amato.He comes to the park nearly every day with his camera equipment.Bird lovers have been keeping record of the bird's daily life through social media postings and videos.People have noted how effortlessly the duck moves through the water.
   This week，New York's newest celebrity seemed to enjoy its fame，showing off its wings while members of the "quackarazzi" pushed each other to get a closer look.Leesa Beckmann traveled over two hours from her home in New Jersey to see the duck.She says her 90-year-old mother has been talking all about the duck since its first appearance.
   "I've got to see this...duck，" Beckmann told her mother.She plans to take pictures and give them to her mother.
   Bird expert Paul Sweet heads a large collection of bird species at the New York-based American Museum of Natural History.He says there is nothing special about a Mandarin duck in Central Park.Central Park Zoo has its own Mandarin duck，he says.These ducks are often imported to the United States from Asia for use on private property.
   "A lot of non-birders tend to see （colorful） birds as more beautiful，" Sweet said， "But to me，it's no more beautiful than，say，a sparrow."

（1）From the passage we can know
A．New Yorkers are always excited about new things.
B．A super star is giving a performance in Manhattan's Central Park.
C．Bird lovers are interested in recording the life of the new "guest".
D．Everyone agrees Mandarin duck is a new species.
（2）Many New Yorkers like the bird for the reason that         .
A．It's famous in Hollywood films.
B．It has a beautiful color and likes to show its wings.
C．They can take lots of pictures and sell for money.
D．They are lucky and precious.
（3）Paul Sweet may agree that        .
A．His mother will surely like the pictures of the birds.
B． "Quackarazzi" is a good name for the duck.
C．New Yorkers need to protect the new species.
D．Mandarin duck can be brought into America from other countries for use.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title？
A．Colorful Mandarin Duck Excites New Yorkers
B．Come and Meet Mandarin duck in Central Park
C．Mandarin Duck in Central Park---A Rare Species
D．A Most Beautiful Bird

共享时间:2022-06-09 难度:1 相似度:2

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201693. （2024•西工大附中•模拟） California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor．
    The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds．No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles．In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent．
   Many factors contributed to the decline，said Patrick Mclntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study．Woodcutters targeted big trees．Housing development pushed into the woods．Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）．
   But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development．
    The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage．The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things as rainfall，air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）．
   Since the 1930s，Mclntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season．

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California．
B．The increasing variety of California big trees．
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests．
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California．
（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees？
A．Ecological studies of forests．
B．Banning woodcutting．
C．Limiting housing development．
D．Fire control measures．
（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre？
A．Inadequate snowmelt．
B．A longer dry season．
C．A warmer climate．
D．Dampness of the air．
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．California's Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone？
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon．
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests？
D．Patrick Mclntyre：Grow More Big Trees in California

共享时间:2024-03-05 难度:1 相似度:2

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202282. （2022•西工大附中•七模） Innovation has pretty much finished with car tires （轮胎） right，I mean，what's left to change？How about the whole "air" part？
   Michelin Company's attempt to tackle tire rubbish around the world witnessed them roll out puncture-proof "airless" tires，which they say should help reduce the 18% of all world tires that are abandoned early due to punctures （轮胎漏气）.Deserted tires are a huge worldwide waste problem—the U.S.produces 260 million abandoned tires per year，many of which end up in landfills or on the sides of the freeway where they release harmful gases and micro-plastic pollutants as they break down.
   Michelin Company's Unique Puncture Proof Tire System or "UPTIS" is designed using 46% recycled material，and made from a plastic matrix （母体） mixed with glass fibers that provide a flexible outer layer with a strong inner one. "The truly distinctive structure of the Michelin UPTIS prototype（原型），or its "strangeness" as we have often heard it called，really attracted the eye of many visitors and left a lasting impression on them，" stated Cyrille Roget，Michelin Group Technical and Scientific Communications Director. "It was an unusual experience for us，and our greatest satisfaction came at the end of the demonstration when our passengers，who were undoubtedly a little alert（警觉）at first，said they felt no difference compared with conventional tires."
   Michelin Company believes airless tires will improve everyone's lives.Maintenance （保养） costs for company's vehicle fleets will be less expensive，and inexperienced car owners won't accidentally ruin their rubbers when driving them because they are over-or under-inflated（充气）.Although they are still in development stage and using at a large scale within years is unlikely to be available，Michelin Company is not in the least doubtful about their tires' future.

（1）Why does the author ask questions in the first paragraph？
A．To explain a strange phenomenon.
B．To clarify a difficult concept.
C．To present a well-known fact.
D．To introduce a new topic.
（2）What is the main idea of the second paragraph？
A．The new tire runs more smoothly.
B．The world greatly needs airless tires.
C．Traditional tires threaten the environment.
D．Michelin Company battles the issue of wasted tires.
（3）What do we know about "UPTIS"？
A．Its structure distances visitors.
B．It only uses recycled materials.
C．It combines plastic and glass fibers.
D．Its comfortableness beats ordinary tires.
（4）What's Michelin Company's attitude towards their new tires？
A．Tolerant.
B．Positive.
C．Mixed.
D．Objective.

共享时间:2022-06-09 难度:1 相似度:2

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202120. （2022•西安中学•二模） On a break from his studies in the MIT Media Lab，Anirudh Sharma traveled home to Mumbai，India.While there，he noticed that throughout the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering something that looked like dirt. "I realized this was air pollution，or sooty（像煤一样）particulate matter（PM），made of black particles released from exhaust（尾气）of vehicles，" Sharma says. "This is a major health issue." Soot consists of tiny black particles，about 2.5 micrometers or smaller，made of carbon produced by incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
   Back at MIT，Sharma set out to help solve this air-pollution issue.After years of research，Sharma's startup Graviky Labs has developed technology that attaches to exhaust systems of diesel generators（柴油发电机）to collect particulate matter.Scientists at Graviky then turn it into ink，called Air-Ink，for artists around the world.So far，the startup has collected 1.6 billion micrograms of particulate matter.More than 200 gallons of Air-Ink have been harvested for a growing community of more than 1，000 artists，from Bangalore to Boston，Shanghai，and London.
   Posted all over Graviky Lab's Facebook page today are photos of art made from the Air-Ink and paint，including street wall paintings，body art and clothing prints.At first，there was still no specific application for the ink.Then the startup decided to find new ways to further spread its mission.It chose to do so through art. "Art helps us raise awareness about where the ink and paint comes from.Air pollution knows no borders.Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the resources in our world that's the hardest to collect and use.But it can be done，" Sharma says.

（1）What struck Sharma most during his break in India？
A．Dirt on his T-shirts.
B．Health issue of the locals.
C．Coal industry in Mumbai.
D．Incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
（2）According to the text，Air-Ink is        .
A．a cleaner of outdoor air
B．a product made from PM
C．a newly-founded company
D．a printing technology
（3）What can we infer about Air-Ink from the text？
A．It improves artistic effect.
B．It makes pollution acceptable.
C．It helps Sharma make a profit.
D．It raises environmental awareness.
（4）What might be the best title for the text？
A．Arts Know No Borders
B．Waste Has No Price
C．Less Pollution，More Art
D．Creative Thinking，Effective Painting

共享时间:2022-03-28 难度:1 相似度:2

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220350. （2016•长安区一中•高二下二月） The first reality TV show in the world was called Expedition Robinson and it waown in Sweden in 1997．Half the population of the country watched the final event and a new kind of TV program was born．Two years later in Holland，the first series of Big Brother was filmed．Again，it was a great success and the final program was watched by 15 million people．Now more than 20 countries around the world have Big Brother or Expedition Robinson on their TV screens．The ordinary people who take part in the programs are known by millions of people in their own countries and reality TV has become big，big business．
For the TV producers，reality TV is a dream that can come true because many of the programs cost nothing to make．At some point，the television viewers are asked to telephone the program to vote or to apply to take part in the show．It is the cost of these telephone calls that pays for the shows．One of the most popular shows is Pop Idol．In the show a group of attractive young people are made into pop stars．TV viewers vote for their favorite person on the show．The winner makes a record and millions of copies of the record are sold．His or her pictures are published on the covers of magazines or on the front pages of newspapers，and then，they are quickly forgotten．
But not everyone is happy about reality TV．In Portugal，two TV channels got into trouble because they showed too much of the personal life of the people in the shows．In France，reality TV is called"rubbish TV"and the TV studios of Big Brother were attacked three times in one week．In Greece，Big Brother was described as"against human rights and civilization"．
（1）Those who take part in the reality TV shows are usually        ．
A．common people
B．pop TV stars
C．attractive people
D．famous film stars
（2）Who would pay for the cost of the reality TV shows according to the passage？
A．TV producers who make reality TV shows
B．TV actors who take part in reality TV shows．
C．TV viewers who telephone reality TV shows
D．TV companies which broadcast reality TV shows
（3）It can be concluded from the passage that        ．
A．everyone is happy about reality TV．
B．reality TV will do well in many countries．
C．all the people in Europe are not in favor of reality TV．
D．reality TV will not be broadcast in any countries．

共享时间:2016-06-22 难度:1 相似度:2

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yse@dyw.com

2015-04-28

高中英语 | | 阅读理解

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