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213098. （2023•蓝田县•高一上期中） Cars could be able to "talk" to each other to warn about dangers on the roads using 5 G technology in future，according to researchers．
   Researchers at Glasgow Caledonian University （GCU） believe 5 G may enable driverless cars to send each other messages about dangers such as ice or deep holes．
   And they believe the high-speed，low -delay （低延迟的） nature of 5 G will improve driverless cars to the point where they will be safer than the cars being driven today．They predict the number of road traffic accidents which cause more than 1.3 million deaths and up to 50 million people injured worldwide every year will drop greatly as a result．
   Dr Dimitrios，a member of the research group，said， "To have a better idea of what the future will look like，think of having cars that not only use sensors（感应器） to find what's around them，but also can talk to each other about safety information nearby．"
   "I'm sure anyone who has had a bad experience on frozen roads would have benefited from knowing about the dangerous conditions ahead of time so they could have changed their speed or，if possible，even avoided that route （路线） altogether．"
   With the help of 5 G，an early warning system in vehicles will come into use within the next few years．Cars that are close enough to the danger area will pass warning messages to other cars around them using communication technologies，but also to cars further away using 5 G，fast and reliably．Then those cars will send the same information to cars near them and so on，forming a joined-up．
   5 G is an exciting mobile technology，which will give a great boost to smart cities and autonomous （全自动的） vehicles among many other things．

（1）Which of the following will Dr Dimitrios agree？
A．Cars can talk with drivers using 5 G．
B．5 G will improve the safety of car driving．
C．Massages sent by 5 G will never be delayed．
D．Over 1.3 million deaths are caused by driverless cars．
（2）What will cars probably do with dangerous conditions with 5 G EXCEPT        ．
A．changing their speed
B．turning to another route
C．getting closer to the danger are
D．sending warnings to nearby cars
（3）What does the underlined word "boost" in the last paragraph mean？
A．Recovery．
B．Push．
C．Danger．
D．Fame．
（4）In which part of a newspaper is the passage probably found？
A．Science and Technology．
B．Entertainment．
C．Life．
D．Transport．

共享时间:2023-11-20 难度:1

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（1）﹣（4）B C B A

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（1）B．推理判断题．根据第三段中的"And they believe the high﹣speed，low ﹣delay （低延迟的） nature of 5 G will improve driverless cars to the point where they will be safer than the cars being driven today．"（研究人员相信5 G的高速、低延迟的特性将提高无人驾驶汽车的安全性，使之比现在驾驶的汽车更安全）"及第四段"Dr Dimitrios，a member of the research group，said， "To have a better idea of what the future will look like，think of having cars that not only use sensors to find what's around them，but also can talk to each other about safety information nearby．"（研究小组成员迪米特里奥斯博士说，未来通过5 G技术，汽车不仅利用传感器来了解周围的情况，还能相互交流附近的安全信息）可知，迪米特里奥斯认为5 G技术将提高汽车驾驶的安全性，故B项正确．
（2）C．细节理解题．根据第四段中的"talk to each other about safety information nearby"（相互交流附近的安全信息）及第五段中的"so they could have changed their speed or，if possible，even avoided that route （路线） altogether"（这样就可以改变车速，甚至完全避开那条路线）可知，通过5 G技术，汽车能够为附近的车辆发出警告、改变车速或改变路线，而不是靠近危险区域，故C项正确．
（3）B．词句猜测题．根据划线词前的"5 G is an exciting mobile technology"可知，5 G是一项激动人心的移动技术，此处是说它的作用﹣﹣极大地推动智能城市和无人驾驶汽车的发展，由此可知划线词词义为"推动"，A．Recovery恢复；B．Push推动；C．Danger危险；D．Fame名声．故B项正确．
（4）A．文章出处题．通读全文，特别是根据第一段"Cars could be able to "talk" to each other to warn about dangers on the roads using 5 G technology in future，according to researchers．"（研究人员称，未来通过5 G技术，汽车可以相互"交谈"以警告道路上的危险）及第三段中的"And they believe the high﹣speed，low ﹣delay （低延迟的） nature of 5 G will improve driverless cars to the point where they will be safer than the cars being driven today．"（他们相信5 G的高速、低延迟的特性将提高无人驾驶汽车的安全性，使之比现在驾驶的汽车更安全）可知，本文主要介绍的是未来，汽车可以通过5 G技术相互"交谈"以警告道路上的危险，这将大大提高无人驾驶汽车的安全性，这一话题属于科技范畴，因此文章最有可能出自报纸的科技板块，A．Science and Technology科技；B．Entertainment娱乐；C．Life生活；D．Transport运输．故A项正确．

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204689. （2023•西安八十九中•高二上期末） OUCH!Shots hurt.But they prevent you from getting sick.How？By teaching your body how to fight germs （病菌）.Some vaccines （疫苗） contain germs of a specific disease that have either been killed or weakened，so the shots won't give you the disease.
   Quantities of white blood cells called "B cells" defend your body.Each one can recognize something that is not part of you.When a germ gets inside your body and meets its match，that B cell becomes active.It replicates itself，and thousands of B cells create "antibodies"，which attach to the germ and destroy it.
   One germ can turn into a million in a few hours.If you're weak，you will soon feel very sick.Meanwhile，your B cells are working hard and they will catch up with the growing numbers of germs in one or two weeks.At the height of the battle，B cells can make thousands of antibodies （抗体）in a second.That's when you start feeling better.
   After the germs are defeated，your body knows how to fight those specific germs because some B cells are memory B cells.Sometimes they can live for your entire life.They make you safe from a second infection （感染）.That fact is the basis for vaccination.Vaccines contain dead or weakened germs that let your body make memory B cells.If you later come across that same germ，memory B cells immediately start replicating themselves and making antibodies.Soon the germs are destroyed，and you probably won't even feel sick.
When Edward Jenner tried using cowpox to protect people from smallpox （天花），he had no idea about B cells or antibodies.Now we know that cowpox and smallpox are similar enough that the antibodies made against cowpox also kill the smallpox virus for a time.A hundred years after Jenner，Louis Pasteur formed the basis for vaccination：using a germ against itself.
（1）What does the underlined word "replicates" mean in the second paragraph？
A．Repairs.
B．Reproduces.
C．Replaces.
D．Recycles.
（2）People start feeling better after getting sick when        .
A．germs grow at a high speed
B．antibodies reach a high level
C．memory B cells come into being
D．B cells find the germ in your body
（3）What can we know about vaccines from the text？
A．Vaccineots may give people the disease.
B．Vaccines put antibodies in people's body.
C．Vaccines free people of various diseases.
D．Vaccines help people make memory B cells.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A．How to Fight Germs.
B．What Are Vaccines.
C．How Vaccines Work.
D．Who Invented Vaccines.

共享时间:2023-02-23 难度:1 相似度:2

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203406. （2016•西工大附中•七模） Andy Steele lives just a few blocks from the campus of Black Hills State University in Spearfish，S．D．，so commuting（经常往返） to class isn't the problem．But he doesn't like lectures much，isn't a morning person，and wants time during the day to restore motorcycles．
   So Steele，a full-time senior business major，has been taking as many classes as he can from the South Dakota State system's online offerings．He gets better grades and learns more，he says，and insists he isn't missing out on the college experience．
   "I still know a lot of people from my first two years living on campus，and I still meet a lot of people，" he says．But now，he sets his own schedule．
   At least 2.3 million people took some kind of online courses，according to a recent survey by the Sloan Consortium，an online education group，and two-thirds of colleges offering "face-to-face" courses also offer online ones．But what were once two different types of classes are looking more and more alike and often falling into the same pool of students．
   At some schools，online courses originally intended for non-traditional students living far from campus have proved surprisingly popular with on-campus students．A recent study found 42 percent of the students enrolled in its distance education courses were located on campus at the university that was hosting the online courses．
   Numbers vary depending on the policies of particular colleges，but other schools also have students mixing and matching online and "face-to-face" credits．Motives range from lifestyle to adapting to a job schedule to getting into high-demand courses．
   Washington State had about 325 on-campus undergraduates taking one or more distance courses last year．As many as 9，000 students took both distance and in-person classes at Arizona State last year．
   "Business is really about providing choices to their customers，and that's really what we want to do，" said Sheila Aaker，extended services coordinator （协调人） at Black Hills State．
   Many schools，such as Washington State and Arizona State，let departments and academic units decide who can take an online course．They say students with legitimate academic needs - a conflict with another class，a course they need to graduate that is full - often get permission，though they still must take some key classes in person．

（1）What is the purpose of the passage？
A．To introduce Steele to us，who prefers online courses．
B．To tell us about the development of campus courses．
C．To show the differences between campus courses and online courses．
D．To show more on-campus students are taking online courses．
（2）We can learn from the passage that Andy Steele        ．
A．lives far from the campus
B．knows none of his classmates
C．wants to have his own lifestyle
D．doesn't get good marks
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A．The undergraduates attend the online courses for different purposes．
B．It is expected that distance education is popular with on-campus students．
C．About 325 on-campus undergraduates took online courses in Washington last year．
D．Different colleges have different policies about online courses．
（4）From what Sheila Aaker said in the passage，we can tell        ．
A．business is the most popular major in universities
B．collegeould provide more majors for students
C．where the similarity between business and colleges lies
D．why colleges offer online courses to on-campus students

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:2

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203149. （2016•西安中学•一模） When Geoff Marcy was 14，his parents bought him a telescope．Every night，he would go onto the roof outside his window to see the wonders of the sky．
   "What excited me most was whether there were planets in other solar systems where life might exist，" he says． "I decided to try to find planets orbiting （沿…轨道运行） other stars like our Sun．"
   And he did． "My fellow researcher，Paul Butler，and I found our first planet in 1995，" Dr．Marcy says． "We worked for ten years without finding anything! But we stuck with it，and our patience paid off． "
   Since then，the two scientists have discovered 65 of the more than 100 planets found orbiting other stars．Dr．Marcy and Dr．Butler also spotted the first "family" of three planets．In June 2002 they announced another discovery：a Jupiter-like （像木星一样的） planet orbiting star 55 Cancri．
    At first，the two researchers found only planets that orbit close to stars．Recently，the scientists found planets farther out．The planet orbiting 55 Cancri is a major breakthrough：it is the first sighting of a large gas planet about the same distance from the star as Jupiter is from the Sun．
   Why is this important？Scientists think that life on Earth may exist because of two special features in our solar system．The first is Jupiter．
   "Because it's so big，Jupiter pulls comets and asteroids （小行星），or they all come and hit the Earth．" Dr．Marcy explains． "Without Jupiter，life on Earth would likely have been destroyed．"
   A second feature is that Earth is a rocky planet where liquid water，which is necessary for life，can exist．Unlike gas planets，rocky planets like Earth have surfaces where water can gather in pools and seas，which may support life．A huge space exists between the Jupiter-like planet and two other planets that lie close to 55 Cancri．Is there an Earth-like planet in the space，too small for us to notice？If so，says Dr．Marcy， "We would have two striking similarities to our solar system：a Jupiter-like planet and an Earth-like planet．And there may be life! "

（1）What can we learn about Dr．Marcy from the passage？
A．He is fond of watching Jupiter．
B．He is from a scientist family．
C．He dislikes working with Paul Butler．
D．He is interested in finding life in outer space．
（2）Which of the following is true of the recent discovery？
A．The planet is not as protective as Jupiter．
B．The planet is close to star 55 Cancri．
C．The planet proves to be a gas planet．
D．The planet is as large as Jupiter．
（3）Dr．Marcy thinks that life may exist in the 55 Cancri system because        ．
A．he has found the system similar to the solar system
B．he has discovered an Earth-like planet there
C．he has discovered a rocky planet there
D．he has found signs of life in the system
（4）"But we stuck with it" （in Paragraph 3）means        ．
A．they felt discouraged
B．they carried on with it
C．they failed in their attempt
D．they made some progress

共享时间:2016-03-11 难度:1 相似度:2

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203208. （2016•西安中学•二模） This is a great truth，one of the greatest truths．It is a great truth because once we truly see this truth，we transcend （超越） it．Once we truly know that life is difficult-once we truly understand and accept it-then life is no longer difficult．Because once it is accepted，the fact that life is difficult no longer matters．
Most do not fully see this truth．Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy．It seems to them that difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families，their class，or even their nation．
What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one．Problems，depending on their nature，cause us sadness，or loneliness or regret or anger or fear．These are uncomfortable feelings，often as painful as any kind of physical pain．And since life causes an endless series of problems，life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy．
Yet，it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning．Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure．When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit，we encourage the human ability to solve problems，just as in school we set problems for our children to solve．It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn．As Benjamin Franklin said，"Those things that hurt，instruct．"It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems．
（1）From the passage，it can be inferred that        ．
A．everybody has problems
B．we become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of life
C．life is difficult because our problems bring us pain
D．people like to complain about their problems
（2）The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that        ．
A．most people feel life is easy
B．the writer feels life is easy
C．the writer likes to complain about his problems
D．most people complain about how hard their lives are
（3）According to the passage，we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to        ．
A．encourage them to learn
B．teach them to fear the pain of solving the problem
C．help them learn to deal with pain
D．teach them how to respect problems
（4）The saying from Benjamin Franklin"Those things that hurt，instruct．"suggests that        ．
A．we do not learn from experience
B．we do not learn when we are in pain
C．pain teaches us important lessons
D．pain cannot be avoided．

共享时间:2016-03-22 难度:1 相似度:2

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203322. （2016•西工大附中•七模） The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby．Almost from the moment it is born，the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother．During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large，warm，and soft object in its environment，particularly if that object also gives it milk．After a week or so，however，the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on"mother"-the real mother or the mother-substitute．
During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby．The Harlows，a couple who are both psychologists，discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes-one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire．If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature，the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother．However，if the wire model was heated，while the cloth model was cool，for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites．Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother．
Why is cloth preferable to bare wire？Something that the Harlows called contact comfort seems to be the answer，and a most powerful influence it is．Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers' skins，putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can．Whenever the young animal is frightened，disturbed，or annoyed，it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body．Wire doesn't"rub"as well as does soft cloth．Prolonged （长时间的）"contact comfort"with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk．
According to the Harlows，the basic quality of a baby's love for its mother is trust．If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother，the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be．It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball．If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom，the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life．After a few minutes of contact comfort，it obviously begins to feel more secure．It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys，but often rushes back for a deep embrace as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well．Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its"mother．"
（1）Psychologically，what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two
weeks of its life？

A．Warmth

B．Milk

C．Contact

D．Trust

（2）After the first two weeks of their life，baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to
the wire mother because the former is ．

A．larger in size	B．closer to them
C．less frightening and less disturbing D．more comfortable to rub against

（3）It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure，．
A．it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys
B．it spends more time screaming to get rewards
C．it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting
D．it cares less about whether its mother is still around
（4）The main purpose of the passage is to ．
A．give the reasons for the experiment
B．present the findings of the experiment
C．introduce the method of the experiment
D．describe the process of the experiment．

共享时间:2016-06-04 难度:1 相似度:2

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203323. （2016•西工大附中•七模） More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence．Wayne Meisel，director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minnesota University，said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves．In these circumstances，he said，young people lack confidence，which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything．In spite of the different conditions in China，Li Xuequan，director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation，said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation and corruption．In order to solve these problems，the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people，as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society．Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of"challenge to youth"to many young people，urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry，housing the homeless，caring for the lonely and sick，serving the elderly and preserving the environment．The letter says："Through the service，we touch the lives of others and enrich our own．"

（1）What is the main factor that leads to young people's lack of confidence in both countries？
A．Their education
B．Their laziness
C．Economic pressure
D．Part-time jobs
（2）What was the possible situation in the 1960s？
A．Young people lacked confidence as well．
B．Young people were quite confident in America．
C．Young people in America were able to do anything well．
D．Young Chinese people were very confident．
（3）The passage is mainly about         in the two countries．
A．lack of confidence of the young people
B．problems of the young people and ways to solve them
C．approaches to touching the lives of others
D．challenges for the young people

共享时间:2016-06-04 难度:1 相似度:2

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203342. （2016•西工大附中•九模） High-quality customer service is told by many，but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done．
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of retail （零售） store，but instead will alarm their friends，relatives，co-workers，strangers and anyone who will listen．Store managers are often the last to hear complaints，and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors，according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school．"Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers．"Said Paula Courtney，president of the Verde group．"The store loses the customer，but the shopper must also find a replacement．"
On average，every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others，and will no longer visit the specific store．For every dissatisfied customer，a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews．The resulting"snowball effect"can be disastrous to retailers．
According to the research，shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems．Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers．The most common complaints include filled parking lots，messy and overloaded shelves，sold-out items，long check-out lines，and rude salespeople．
During peak shopping hours，some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants．Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces．This guidance got rid of the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly，and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space．
Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts，pre-stocking sales items，hiring speedy and experienced cashiers，and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions．Most importantly，salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers．
"Retailers who're responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over problems than those who aren't so friendly．"Said Professor Stephen Hoch．"Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help．"
Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer，instead of complaining to the rest of the world．Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong．

（1）Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints？
A．Customers have no easy access to store managers．
B．Few customers believe the service will be improved．
C．Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to others．
D．Most customers won't bother to complain about unhappy experiences．
（2）Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers       ．
A．won't have trouble parking their cars
B．won't have any worries about security
C．can find their cars easily after shopping
D．can stay longer looking around in the store
（3）What contributes most to smoothing over problems with customers？
A．Design of the store layout．
B．Manners of the salespeople．
C．Hiring of efficient employees．
D．Huge supply of goods for sale．
（4）To achieve better shopping experiences，customers are advised to       ．
A．voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly
B．put pressure on stores to improve their service
C．shop around and make comparisons between stores
D．settle their disagreement with stores in a diplomatic way．

共享时间:2016-06-27 难度:1 相似度:2

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203359. （2016•西工大附中•八模） So hungry do some plants get that they eat flies，spiders，and even small frogs．What's more amazing is that these plants occur naturally （in special environments） in every state．In fact，they're found on every continent except Antarctica．
You've probably seen a Venus' flytrap．It's often sold in museum gift stores，department stores，and even supermarkets．A small plant，it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container．At the end of its stalks （茎） are specially modified leaves that act like traps．Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger （触发） hairs．When an insect lands on them，the trap suddenly shuts．Over the course of a week or so，the plant feeds on its catch．
The Venus' flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants，says Barry Meyers-Rice，the editor of the International Carnivorous（食肉的）Plant Society's Newsletter．Note：Despite any science-fiction stories you might have read，no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans．
Dr．Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating，only if it does all four of the following："attract，kill，digest，and absorb"some form of insects，including flies，butterflies，and moths．Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants---well，most of the time．
All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis （光合作用）．Plants use the sugar to make food．What makes"meat-eating"plants different is their bug-catching leaves．They need insects for one reason：nitrogen （氮）．Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can't obtain any other way．While almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil，"meat-eating"plants can't．They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity．So they've come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals．In fact，nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to"meat-eating"plants．Never fertilize them!But don't worry，either，if they never seem to catch any insects．They can survive，but they'll grow very slowly．
（1）According to the passage，carnivorous plants        ．
A．only grow in wild field
B．cannot grow on Antarctica
C．are as common as flies
D．are rare to see
（2）Venus' flytrap preys on insects by        ．
A．its numerous long and thin stalks
B．a container where it grows
C．the lining of tiny trigger hairs
D．its insect-catching leaves
（3）We can conclude from the third paragraph that        ．
A．carnivorous plants are dangerous
B．carnivorous plants are harmless to humans
C．carnivorous plants occasionally eat books
D．carnivorous plants are fictional
（4）In the eyes of the author，which of the following statements is TRUE？
A．Carnivorous plants can grow in nutrient-poor soil．
B．Carnivorous plants cannot grow in acid soil．
C．Carnivorous plants will die if they cannot catch any insects．
D．Carnivorous plants can get nitrogen from nutrient-rich soil．

共享时间:2016-06-14 难度:1 相似度:2

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203408. （2016•西工大附中•七模） The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby．Almost from the moment it is born，the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother．During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large，warm，and soft object in its environment，particularly if that object also gives it milk．After a week or so，however，the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on "mother"- the real mother or the mother-substitute．
   During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby．The Harlows，a couple who are both psychologists，discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes - one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire．If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature，the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother．However，if the wire model was heated，while the cloth model was cool，for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites．Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother．
   Why is cloth preferable to bare wire？Something that the Harlows called contact comfort seems to be the answer，and a most powerful influence it is．Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers' skins，putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can．Whenever the young animal is frightened，disturbed，or annoyed，it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body．Wire doesn't "rub" as well as does soft cloth．Prolonged （长时间的） "contact comfort" with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk．
   According to the Harlows，the basic quality of a baby's love for its mother is trust．If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother，the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be．It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball．If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom，the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life．After a few minutes of contact comfort，it obviously begins to feel more secure．It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys，but often rushes back for a deep embrace as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well．Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its "mother．"

（1）Psychologically，what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life？
A．Warmth
B．Milk
C．Contact
D．Trust
（2）After the first two weeks of their life，baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is        ．
A．larger in size
B．closer to them
C．less frightening and less disturbing
D．more comfortable to rub against
（3）It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure，        ．
A．it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys
B．it spends more time screaming to get rewards
C．it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting
D．it cares less about whether its mother is still around
（4）The main purpose of the passage is to        ．
A．give the reasons for the experiment
B．present the findings of the experiment
C．introduce the method of the experiment
D．describe the process of the experiment

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:2

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203112. （2016•师大附中•十模） In my early 30s，I used an expired（过期的） student ID to buy discounted movie tickets．I'd tell myself，I'm buying a ticket I wouldn't have otherwise bought．I think many people have done similar things；however，we still think of ourselves as honest citizens．Researchers who study these behaviours believe that character isn't the real reason．We might break the rules under some conditions and in some mind-sets，but not in others．
Years ago，Francesca Gino，a professor at Harvard，and Dan Ariely，a behavioural economist at Duke，wondered if people with highter IQs were more likely to cheat．They found that cleverness wasn't closely connected to dishonesty，but creativity was．The more creative you are，the easier it is to retell the story of what happened when you behaved dishonestly．
Harvard University psychologist Joshua Greene argues in his book Moral Tribe that we may be born without having a clear sense of right and wrong，but our culture sharpens it．If your tribe downloads pirated（盗版）music，you're likely to go with the flow．
Harvard researcher Leslie John，along with two colleagues conducted an experiment．They told volunteers that others in the room were making more money than they were for getting questions right on a test．Guess what happened？That group，which considered itself disadvantaged，cheated more than those who believed that everyone received an equal payment．
The real threat is that rule breaking worsens over time．Behavioural psychology offers a few antidotes．Keep yourself fed and well-rested-we're likelier to behave badly when hungry or tied．Reflect on how your actions look through others' eyes and see yourselves in a positive light．In a Stanford study，when researchers uesed the verb cheat-please don't cheat-participants still cheated freely because they felt distanced （疏远）from the act．When the noun was used-don't be a cheater-hardly anyone did．
（1）According to Francesca Gino，who are likeliest to break the rules in a company？
A．Accountants．
B．Designers
C．Cleaners．
D．Typists．
（2）Why did volunteers in Leslie John's experiment cheat more than others？
A．Because they were not as smart as others．
B．Because they thought others cheated too．
C．Because they felt a sense of unfairness．
D．Because they were tired and hungry．
（3）The underlined word"antidotes"in the last paragraph can be replaced by        ．

A．explanations．

B．solutions

C．studies

D．novels．

（4）What's the best title for the text？
A．Why people break the rules．
B．How people break the rules．
C．The influence of breaking the rules．
D．Different ways of breaking the rules．

共享时间:2016-07-02 难度:1 相似度:2

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203409. （2016•西工大附中•七模） More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence．Wayne Meisel，director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minnesota University，said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves．In these circumstances，he said，young people lack confidence，which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything．In spite of the different conditions in China，Li Xuequan，director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation，said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation and corruption．In order to solve these problems，the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people，as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society．Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of"challenge to youth"to many young people，urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry，housing the homeless，caring for the lonely and sick，serving the elderly and preserving the environment．The letter says："Through the service，we touch the lives of others and enrich our own．"

（1）What is the main factor that leads to young people's lack of confidence in both countries？
A．Their education
B．Their laziness
C．Economic pressure
D．Part-time jobs
（2）What was the possible situation in the 1960s？
A．Young people lacked confidence as well．
B．Young people were quite confident in America．
C．Young people in America were able to do anything well．
D．Young Chinese people were very confident．
（3）The passage is mainly about         in the two countries．
A．lack of confidence of the young people
B．problems of the young people and ways to solve them
C．approaches to touching the lives of others
D．challenges for the young people

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:2

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203439. （2015•师大附中•一模） Our body clock，or natural body rhythm，influences our energy and alertness（警觉）．paying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of day when we best perform specific tasks．
   The reality，however，is that most of us organize their time around work demands，school deadlines，commuting or social events．Doing whatever your body feels like doing is a luxury in today's fast-paced modern society．
   But that doesn't mean it isn't worth trying．Obeying our body clock has significant health benefits．Disrupting our natural body rhythm，on the other hand，has been linked to problems such as depression，obesity，or headache，says Steve Key，a biology professor．
   When the body clock can synchronize（使……同步）the rhythms of its natural processes，it "gives us an advantage in daily life"，says Key．
   According to him，when it comes to cognitive （认知的） work，most adults perform best in the late morning．As our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase until midday，our memory，alertness and concentration gradually improve．
   However，he adds，our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereafter．Most of us are more easily distracted （分心） between noon and 4pm．
   Alertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak around 2pm，making that a good time for a nap．
   Surprisingly，tiredness may increase our creative powers．For most adults，problems that require open ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired，according to a study in the journal Thinking & Reasoning．
   When choosing a time of day to exercise，paying attention to your body clock can improve results．Physical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm，says Michael Smolensky，a professor of biomedical engineering．
   Of course，not everyone's body clock is the same，making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily plans．

（1）If we know our natural body rhythm well，we can．
A．organize our time around work demands
B．find out the suitable time to do specific tasks
C．do whatever our body feels like doing
D．be sure to be healthy
（2）Inspiration to solve a difficult problem will most probably come to us        ．
A．when we get up in the morning
B．when we are full of energy in the late morning
C．when we are tired in the evening
D．when we are asleep at night
（3）The main purpose of the passage is to        ．
A．criticize
B．persuade
C．encourage
D．inform
（4）Which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage？
A．Something About Natural Body Rhythm
B．Natural Body Rhythm Is Bad For Us．
C．What Is Natural Body Rhythm？
D．All The Research About Natural Body Rhythm

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:2

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203440. （2015•师大附中•一模） About 6 percent of luxury hotels in three major Chinese cities have stopped serving shark fin （鱼翅），a survey has found．Although the controversial dish remains on the menu at most hotels，Green Beagle Environment Institute，a Beijing-based non-government organization that was the main sponsor of the survey，said the results are encouraging and reflect increased awareness．
   The survey was carried out in Beijing，Shenzhen and Fuzhou，which were selected as representative cities to collect basic data on shark fin consumption nationwide．In Beijing，132 hotels completed the phone questionnaire between Nov．20 and Dec．12．Only 12 hotels，9 percent，said they do not serve shark fin．A similar survey of 131 Beijing hotels conducted a year ago found only one hotel that did not serve shark fin，Wang Xue，chief coordinator （协调人） of the survey，said on Saturday．In Shenzhen，four out of the 85 four and five star hotels surveyed had stopped serving shark fin，accounting for about 5 percent．In Fuzhou，only one of the 40 hotels surveyed did not serve shark fin．On average，about 6.61 percent of the hotels in the three cities did not serve the food．
   "The survey reminded us there is still a long way to go to remove shark fins from Chinese hotels and restaurants，but the improved situation in Beijing is encouraging，" said Wang． "We found more hotels and restaurants were willing to take action over the past year．" International hotels are more active in the "shark-fin-free" project，she noted．China is the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin，which has been used in luxurious Chinese dishes for 500 years．Dishes made from shark fin are still regarded as a symbol of honor and respect，especially at business dinners，according to Wang．
   Research has also found that shark fin contains poisonous elements，but the nutritious value is less than that of chicken or pork． "We hope hotels and restaurants remove shark fin products from their menus，" Wang added．

（1）Why do Chinese people like eating shark fin？
A．Shark fin stands for honor and respect in China．
B．Shark fin is rich in a variety of nutrition．
C．The living standard of Chinese is much better than before．
D．Shark fin can make people live longer．
（2）In which way was the survey carried out？
A．Interviewing on the spot．
B．Phone questionnaire．
C．Filling the forms．
D．Talk show．
（3）According to the text，which city did the best this year？
A．Shanghai
B．Shenzhen
C．Fuzhou
D．Beijing
（4）The author wants to tell us        ．
A．the opinions divided on consuming shark fin
B．Chinese people' taste of shark fin
C．the appeal to hotels and restaurants for stopping serving shark fin
D．the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:2

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203477. （2015•师大附中•四模） Scientists recently discovered that pictures on cave walls at Creswell Crags are the oldest known in Great Britain．But they didn't find out in the usual way．
   Archaeologists often date cave art with a process called radiocarbon dating．The technique can measure the age of carbon found in charcoal（木炭）drawings or painted pictures．Carbon is an element found in many things，including charcoal and even people．But in this case，there was no paint or charcoal to test．People carved the pictures of animals and figures into the rock using stone tools．The scientists had an "aha!" moment when they noticed small rocks stuck to the top of the drawings．The small rocks must have formed after the drawings were made．
   "It is rare to be able to scientifically date rock art，" said Alistair Pike，an archaeological scientist at Britain's University of Bristol． "We were very fortunate that some of the engravings were covered by stalagmites（石笋）．
   When a test proved that the stalagmites formed 12，800 years ago，the scientists knew the art underneath them had to be at least that old．And some of the animalown，like the European bison，are now extinct--another tip-off that the art is quite old．
   The artists came to Creswell Crags，This place is one of the farthest points north reached by our ancient ancestors during the Ice Age．At that time，much of the North Sea was dry，so people could move about more easily．
   Some tools and bones found there are 13，000 to 15，000 years old．They show that the travelers hunted horses，reindeer，and arctic hare．Their artwork is similar to art in France and Germany．It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a close connection to peoples several thousand kilometers away-another important clue to understanding how humans spread out across the world．

（1）Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage？
A．Cave Art About Animals Is Most Beautiful
B．Cave Art Found in an Unusual Way
C．Cave Art Turns Out to Be Britain's Oldest
D．Cave Art in Britain
（2）From Paragraph Two，people can conclude        ．
A．archaeologists can work out the date of cave art
B．radiocarbon dating appeared only in Britain
C．archaeologists are good at using stone tools
D．drawings and painted pictures are really necessary for the formation of small rocks．
（3）Why do scientists say the art is quite old？
A．The art was carved into stone with stone tools．
B．The animals carved in the stone are beautiful．
C．The cave is one of the farthest points in the world．
D．Some pictures were covered by stalagmites more than 10，000 years old．
（4）By studying the cave art，scientists know something about        ．
A．how ancient people crossed the North Sea
B．why some of the animals have died out
C．how humans spread out across the world
D．what kind of animals people hunt at that time

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:2

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203478. （2015•师大附中•四模） In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity，others say that competition is bad；that it sets one person against another；that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
   I have taught many children who held the belief that their self - worth relied （依赖） on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life - and - death affairs．In their single - minded pursuit （追求） of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
   However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an excuse： "I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．" What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self - respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解） can we discover a new meaning in competition．

（1）What does this passage mainly talk about？
A．Competition helps to set up self - respect．
B．Opinions about competition are different among people．
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
（2）Why do some people favor competition according to the passage？
A．It pushes society forward．
B．It builds up a sense of duty．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It encourages individual efforts．
（3）The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means       ．
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
（4）Which point of view may the author agree to
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Competition should be encouraged．
C．Winning should be a life - and - death matter．
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:2

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dygzyyyn

2023-11-20

高中英语 | 高一上 | 阅读理解

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