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201550. （2025•西安中学•一模）     As part of a post-fire response and recovery project，the Debris Flow Hazard Team（泥石流危害小组） is engaging in several studies to better understand the drivers of post-fire debris flows and improve post-fire hazard assessments across the Pacific Northwest.Wildfires make debris flows easy to happen，a fast-moving mixture of water，soil，and rock that can cause property damage and loss of life.
    After a wildfire，emergency managers need rapid answers to the questions：Where are debris flows likely？How much rain will it take to cause a debris flow？And how big will that debris flow be？Researchers are conducting applied research and emergency hazard assessments to answer these questions.Evaluated burn areas they've assessed included the nearly 2021 Dixie fire，the 2020 Labor Day wildfires，and many of the 2021 wildfires in Washington.
    The models used for hazard assessment have been developed and tested in drier places.But the models have not been tested widely in wetter places.Are the models accurate for wetter regions？Researchers have begun monitoring post-fire debris-flow activity in wetter places to answer the question.Post-fire monitoring involves measuring the rainfall within the burned areas and recording the flow response after rainstorms.The observed flow response is compared to the predicted possibility.If the model predicted a high possibility of debris flow and there was a debris flow，the model got it right.
    Recent data bespeaks both similarities and differences in debris-flow processes between the areas with higher humidity（湿度） and drier areas.For example，in the 2021 Dixie fire，major debris flows were caused by short bursts of intense rainfall like they are in drier places.In contrast，debris flows in the 2017 Eagle Creek Fire were caused by long time rainfall.Continued observation and testing is expected to lead to an improved set of hazard assessment models.
    Other frequently asked questions after wildfires are：How far will debris flows travel？What will be impacted？And how long will the burned areas remain dangerous？These questions are presently not resolved in current debris-flow hazard assessments，but the researchers are doing research to provide answers soon.

（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about？
A.Contents included in a project.
B.Hazards caused by debris flows.
C.Causes of post-fire debris flows.
D.Reasons for conducting the studies.
（2）What places are current studies focusing on？
A.Places seldom noticed.
B.Places with debris flow records.
C.Places with higher humidity.
D.Places once affected by wildfires.
（3）What does the underlined word"bespeaks"mean in paragraph 4？
A.Replaces.
B.Reveals.
C.Recognizes.
D.Recommends.
（4）What may be included in the next studies according to the text？
A.Methods to prevent debris flows.
B.Possible effects of debris flows.
C.The lasting time of the debris flows.
D.Other risks in the burned areas.

共享时间:2025-03-03 难度:2

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灾害防范，说明文，

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（1）段落大意题。根据文章第一段As part of a post﹣fire response and recovery project，the Debris Flow Hazard Team （泥石流危害小组） is engaging in several studies to better understand the drivers of post﹣fire debris flows and improve post﹣ fire hazard assessments across the Pacific Northwest. （作为火灾后响应和恢复项目的一部分，泥石流危险小组正在进行几项研究，以更好地了解火灾后泥石流的驱动因素，并改善整个太平洋西北地区的火灾后危险评估。）可知，第一段讲述了开展这项研究的原因。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段Researchers have begun monitoring post﹣ fire debris﹣ flow activity in wetter places to answer the question.Post﹣fire monitoring involves measuring the rainfall within the burned areas and recording the flow response after rainstorms. （研究人员已经开始监测潮湿地区火灾后的泥石流活动，以回答这个问题。火灾后监测包括测量燃烧区域内的降雨量，并记录暴雨后的流量响应。）可知，目前的研究关注湿度更高的区域。故选C。
（3）词义猜测题。根据文章第四段中的both similarities and differences in debris﹣flow processes between the areas with higher humidity （湿度） and drier areas. （高湿度地区和干旱地区泥石流过程的异同。）可知，高湿度地区和干燥地区的泥石流过程既有相似之处，也有不同之处是最近的数据所显示或揭示的结果。bespeaks是"揭示，显示"的意思。A.Replaces替换；B.Reveals揭示，显示；C.Recognizes承认；D.Recommends建议。B与划线词意思相近。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Other frequently asked questions after wildfires are：How far will debris flows travel？What will be impacted？And how long will the burned areas remain hazardous？These questions are presently not addressed in current debris﹣ flow hazard assessments，but the researchers are doing research to provide answers soon. （野火后的其他常见问题是：泥石流会传播多远？会受到什么影响？被烧毁的区域会持续危险多久？目前，这些问题在泥石流灾害评估中尚未得到解决，但研究人员正在进行研究，以尽快提供答案。）可以推断，接下来的研究可能会关注泥石流可能造成的影响。故选B。

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204337. （2023•未央区•高二上期末） The US government has recently helped people learn more about the dangers of earthquakes by publishing a map.This map shows the chances of an earthquake in catch part of the country.The areas of the map where earthquakes are most likely to occur are called earthquake belts.The government is spending a great deal of money and is working hard to help to discover the answers to these two questions：
   Can we predict earthquakes？
   Can we control earthquakes？
   To answer the first question，scientists are looking very closely at the most active fault （断层） systems in the country，such as the San Andreas fault in California.A fault is a break between two sections of the earth's surface.These breaks between sections are the places where earthquakes occur.But it will probably be many years before we can predict earthquakes correctly.And the control of earthquakes is even farther away.
   However there have been some interesting developments in the field of controlling earthquakes.The most interesting development concerns the Rocky Mountain Arsenal earthquakes.Here water was put into a layer of rocks 4，000 metres below the surface of the ground.Shortly after this injection （注射） of water，there was a small number of earthquakes.Scientists have decided that the water which was injected into the rocks worked like oil on each other.
   When the water"oiled"the fault，the fault became slippery and the energy of an earthquake was given out.Scientists are still experimenting at the site of these earthquakes.They have realized that there is a connection between the injection of the water and the earthquake activity.They have suggested that it might be possible to use this knowledge to prevent very big，dangerous earthquakes，that is，scientists could inject some kind of fluid like water into faults and change on a big earthquake into a number of small，harmless earthquakes.

（1）Earthquakes belts are        .
A．maps that show where earthquakes are likely to occur
B．zones with a high probability of earthquakes
C．breaks between two sections of the earth's surface
D．the two layers of earth along a fault
（2）The San Andreas fault is        .
A．an active fault system
B．a place where earthquakes have been predicted correctly
C．a place where earthquakes have been controlled
D．at the foot of the Rocky Mountain
（3）What did scientists learn about earthquakes at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal？
A．They occur at about 4.000 metres belowground level
B．The injection of water into earthquake faults prevent earthquakes from occurring.
C．They are usually caused by the oil in the faults.
D．Harmful earthquakes could be prevented by causing harmless earthquakes.
（4）What can be said about the experiments at the Rocky Mountain Arsenal？
A．They have no practical value in earthquake prevention.
B．They may have practical value in earthquake prevention.
C．They are certain to have practical value in earthquake prevention.
D．Nothing is told about their practical value in earthquake prevention.

共享时间:2023-02-01 难度:2 相似度:2

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204774. （2022•周至县•高一上期末） Trust me，you don't want to get caught under a tsunami!Tsunamis are one of the world's most powerful natural forces.They can cause huge amounts of damage.
   But do you know exactly what a tsunami is？They are huge，powerful waves in the ocean that grow as they reach the shore.Most tsunamis are actually caused by earthquakes.An earthquake happens when a big piece of the Earth's crust（地壳）suddenly moves.When the piece of ocean floor moves，it creates big holes.The water floods in to fill these holes.When the water moves that quickly，it creates a huge wave.This is how tsunamis are born!
   Other natural disasters like landslides，volcanic eruptions，and glaciers breaking off can also cause tsunamis.Once the water starts moving because of the force of the disaster，large waves begin to spread.These waves can move very fast.They have been recorded at speeds from 400 up to 500 miles per hour!They can also move across very long distances.
   At first，the waves of the tsunami may not seem that tall.That's because when the waves travel through the deep parts of the ocean，the top of each wave is very short.But as that wave comes near to the coast，it grows in height.Remember，the tsunami travels quickly.If you are sitting on a beach，you may not see the wave coming at first.But when the wave arrives，it will be like a towering wall of water.Some waves are as tall as 100 feet high.The biggest tsunami ever recorded happened in 1958 in Lituya Bay，Alaska.The wave was over 1，720 feet tall，and it wiped out trees，vegetation，and everything else in its way.
   As frightening as tsunamis can be，you don't need to worry too much about them.They don't happen that often.Only about two tsunamis happen every year.And it is said that serious，really damaging tsunamis only happen about every fifteen years.So don't worry.

（1）According to the article，which natural disaster is not responsible for causing a tsunami？
A．Tornadoes.
B．Volcanic eruptions.
C．Earthquakes.
D．Landslides.
（2）If a tsunami forms in the deep ocean，2，000 miles off the coast of Sri Lanka，how long at least
will it take the tsunami to reach the coast of SriLanka ？
A．1 hours.
B．2 hours.
C．4 hours.
D．6 hours.
（3）Which of the following about tsunami is TRUE？
A．The waves of the tsunami always move slowly over a long distance.
B．People on a ship in the deep ocean will notice a tsunami at once as soon as it forms.
C．If you are sitting on a beach，you must see the wave coming at first.
D．People will not notice a tsunami until it gets close to the coast.
（4）Where would this passage most likely to be found？
A．In a music magazine.
B．In a science newspaper.
C．In a travel guide.
D．In a story book.

共享时间:2022-02-26 难度:2 相似度:2

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203409. （2016•西工大附中•七模） More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence．Wayne Meisel，director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minnesota University，said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves．In these circumstances，he said，young people lack confidence，which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything．In spite of the different conditions in China，Li Xuequan，director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation，said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation and corruption．In order to solve these problems，the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people，as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society．Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of"challenge to youth"to many young people，urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry，housing the homeless，caring for the lonely and sick，serving the elderly and preserving the environment．The letter says："Through the service，we touch the lives of others and enrich our own．"

（1）What is the main factor that leads to young people's lack of confidence in both countries？
A．Their education
B．Their laziness
C．Economic pressure
D．Part-time jobs
（2）What was the possible situation in the 1960s？
A．Young people lacked confidence as well．
B．Young people were quite confident in America．
C．Young people in America were able to do anything well．
D．Young Chinese people were very confident．
（3）The passage is mainly about         in the two countries．
A．lack of confidence of the young people
B．problems of the young people and ways to solve them
C．approaches to touching the lives of others
D．challenges for the young people

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203323. （2016•西工大附中•七模） More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence．Wayne Meisel，director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minnesota University，said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves．In these circumstances，he said，young people lack confidence，which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything．In spite of the different conditions in China，Li Xuequan，director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation，said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation and corruption．In order to solve these problems，the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people，as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society．Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of"challenge to youth"to many young people，urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry，housing the homeless，caring for the lonely and sick，serving the elderly and preserving the environment．The letter says："Through the service，we touch the lives of others and enrich our own．"

（1）What is the main factor that leads to young people's lack of confidence in both countries？
A．Their education
B．Their laziness
C．Economic pressure
D．Part-time jobs
（2）What was the possible situation in the 1960s？
A．Young people lacked confidence as well．
B．Young people were quite confident in America．
C．Young people in America were able to do anything well．
D．Young Chinese people were very confident．
（3）The passage is mainly about         in the two countries．
A．lack of confidence of the young people
B．problems of the young people and ways to solve them
C．approaches to touching the lives of others
D．challenges for the young people

共享时间:2016-06-04 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203342. （2016•西工大附中•九模） High-quality customer service is told by many，but actually keeping customers happy is easier said than done．
Shoppers seldom complain to the manager or owner of retail （零售） store，but instead will alarm their friends，relatives，co-workers，strangers and anyone who will listen．Store managers are often the last to hear complaints，and often find out only when their regular customers decide to frequent their competitors，according to a study jointly conducted by Verde group and Wharton school．"Storytelling hurts retailers and entertains consumers．"Said Paula Courtney，president of the Verde group．"The store loses the customer，but the shopper must also find a replacement．"
On average，every unhappy customer will complain to at least four others，and will no longer visit the specific store．For every dissatisfied customer，a store will lose up to three more due to negative reviews．The resulting"snowball effect"can be disastrous to retailers．
According to the research，shoppers who purchased clothing encountered the most problems．Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers．The most common complaints include filled parking lots，messy and overloaded shelves，sold-out items，long check-out lines，and rude salespeople．
During peak shopping hours，some retailers solved the parking problems by getting moonlighting local police to work as parking attendants．Some hired flag wavers to direct customers to empty parking spaces．This guidance got rid of the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly，and avoided confrontation between those eyeing the same parking space．
Retailers can relieve the headaches by redesigning store layouts，pre-stocking sales items，hiring speedy and experienced cashiers，and having sales representatives on hand to answer questions．Most importantly，salespeople should be diplomatic and polite with angry customers．
"Retailers who're responsive and friendly are more likely to smooth over problems than those who aren't so friendly．"Said Professor Stephen Hoch．"Maybe something as simple as a greeter at the store entrance would help．"
Customers can also improve future shopping experiences by filing complaints to the retailer，instead of complaining to the rest of the world．Retailers are hard-pressed to improve when they have no idea what is wrong．

（1）Why are store managers often the last to hear complaints？
A．Customers have no easy access to store managers．
B．Few customers believe the service will be improved．
C．Customers would rather relate their unhappy experiences to others．
D．Most customers won't bother to complain about unhappy experiences．
（2）Shop owners often hire moonlighting police as parking attendants so that shoppers       ．
A．won't have trouble parking their cars
B．won't have any worries about security
C．can find their cars easily after shopping
D．can stay longer looking around in the store
（3）What contributes most to smoothing over problems with customers？
A．Design of the store layout．
B．Manners of the salespeople．
C．Hiring of efficient employees．
D．Huge supply of goods for sale．
（4）To achieve better shopping experiences，customers are advised to       ．
A．voice their dissatisfaction to store managers directly
B．put pressure on stores to improve their service
C．shop around and make comparisons between stores
D．settle their disagreement with stores in a diplomatic way．

共享时间:2016-06-27 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203359. （2016•西工大附中•八模） So hungry do some plants get that they eat flies，spiders，and even small frogs．What's more amazing is that these plants occur naturally （in special environments） in every state．In fact，they're found on every continent except Antarctica．
You've probably seen a Venus' flytrap．It's often sold in museum gift stores，department stores，and even supermarkets．A small plant，it grows 6 to 8 inches tall in a container．At the end of its stalks （茎） are specially modified leaves that act like traps．Inside each trap is a lining of tiny trigger （触发） hairs．When an insect lands on them，the trap suddenly shuts．Over the course of a week or so，the plant feeds on its catch．
The Venus' flytrap is just one of more than 500 species of meat-eating plants，says Barry Meyers-Rice，the editor of the International Carnivorous（食肉的）Plant Society's Newsletter．Note：Despite any science-fiction stories you might have read，no meat-eating plant does any danger to humans．
Dr．Meyers-Rice says a plant is meat-eating，only if it does all four of the following："attract，kill，digest，and absorb"some form of insects，including flies，butterflies，and moths．Meat-eating plants look and act like other green plants---well，most of the time．
All green plants make sugar through a process called photosynthesis （光合作用）．Plants use the sugar to make food．What makes"meat-eating"plants different is their bug-catching leaves．They need insects for one reason：nitrogen （氮）．Nitrogen is a nutrient that they can't obtain any other way．While almost all green plants on our planet get nitrogen from the soil，"meat-eating"plants can't．They live in places where nutrients are hard or almost impossible to get from the soil because of its acidity．So they've come to rely on getting nitrogen from insects and small animals．In fact，nutrient-rich soil is poisonous to"meat-eating"plants．Never fertilize them!But don't worry，either，if they never seem to catch any insects．They can survive，but they'll grow very slowly．
（1）According to the passage，carnivorous plants        ．
A．only grow in wild field
B．cannot grow on Antarctica
C．are as common as flies
D．are rare to see
（2）Venus' flytrap preys on insects by        ．
A．its numerous long and thin stalks
B．a container where it grows
C．the lining of tiny trigger hairs
D．its insect-catching leaves
（3）We can conclude from the third paragraph that        ．
A．carnivorous plants are dangerous
B．carnivorous plants are harmless to humans
C．carnivorous plants occasionally eat books
D．carnivorous plants are fictional
（4）In the eyes of the author，which of the following statements is TRUE？
A．Carnivorous plants can grow in nutrient-poor soil．
B．Carnivorous plants cannot grow in acid soil．
C．Carnivorous plants will die if they cannot catch any insects．
D．Carnivorous plants can get nitrogen from nutrient-rich soil．

共享时间:2016-06-14 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203406. （2016•西工大附中•七模） Andy Steele lives just a few blocks from the campus of Black Hills State University in Spearfish，S．D．，so commuting（经常往返） to class isn't the problem．But he doesn't like lectures much，isn't a morning person，and wants time during the day to restore motorcycles．
   So Steele，a full-time senior business major，has been taking as many classes as he can from the South Dakota State system's online offerings．He gets better grades and learns more，he says，and insists he isn't missing out on the college experience．
   "I still know a lot of people from my first two years living on campus，and I still meet a lot of people，" he says．But now，he sets his own schedule．
   At least 2.3 million people took some kind of online courses，according to a recent survey by the Sloan Consortium，an online education group，and two-thirds of colleges offering "face-to-face" courses also offer online ones．But what were once two different types of classes are looking more and more alike and often falling into the same pool of students．
   At some schools，online courses originally intended for non-traditional students living far from campus have proved surprisingly popular with on-campus students．A recent study found 42 percent of the students enrolled in its distance education courses were located on campus at the university that was hosting the online courses．
   Numbers vary depending on the policies of particular colleges，but other schools also have students mixing and matching online and "face-to-face" credits．Motives range from lifestyle to adapting to a job schedule to getting into high-demand courses．
   Washington State had about 325 on-campus undergraduates taking one or more distance courses last year．As many as 9，000 students took both distance and in-person classes at Arizona State last year．
   "Business is really about providing choices to their customers，and that's really what we want to do，" said Sheila Aaker，extended services coordinator （协调人） at Black Hills State．
   Many schools，such as Washington State and Arizona State，let departments and academic units decide who can take an online course．They say students with legitimate academic needs - a conflict with another class，a course they need to graduate that is full - often get permission，though they still must take some key classes in person．

（1）What is the purpose of the passage？
A．To introduce Steele to us，who prefers online courses．
B．To tell us about the development of campus courses．
C．To show the differences between campus courses and online courses．
D．To show more on-campus students are taking online courses．
（2）We can learn from the passage that Andy Steele        ．
A．lives far from the campus
B．knows none of his classmates
C．wants to have his own lifestyle
D．doesn't get good marks
（3）Which of the following is NOT true according to the passage？
A．The undergraduates attend the online courses for different purposes．
B．It is expected that distance education is popular with on-campus students．
C．About 325 on-campus undergraduates took online courses in Washington last year．
D．Different colleges have different policies about online courses．
（4）From what Sheila Aaker said in the passage，we can tell        ．
A．business is the most popular major in universities
B．collegeould provide more majors for students
C．where the similarity between business and colleges lies
D．why colleges offer online courses to on-campus students

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203408. （2016•西工大附中•七模） The baby monkey is much more developed at birth than the human baby．Almost from the moment it is born，the baby monkey can move around and hold tightly to its mother．During the first few days of its life the baby will approach and hold onto almost any large，warm，and soft object in its environment，particularly if that object also gives it milk．After a week or so，however，the baby monkey begins to avoid newcomers and focuses its attentions on "mother"- the real mother or the mother-substitute．
   During the first two weeks of its life warmth is perhaps the most important psychological thing that a monkey mother has to give to its baby．The Harlows，a couple who are both psychologists，discovered this fact by offering baby monkeys a choice of two types of mother-substitutes - one covered with cloth and one made of bare wire．If the two artificial mothers were both the same temperature，the little monkeys always preferred the cloth mother．However，if the wire model was heated，while the cloth model was cool，for the first two weeks after birth the baby monkeys picked the warm wire mother-substitutes as their favorites．Thereafter they switched and spent most of their time on the more comfortable cloth mother．
   Why is cloth preferable to bare wire？Something that the Harlows called contact comfort seems to be the answer，and a most powerful influence it is．Baby monkeys spend much of their time rubbing against their mothers' skins，putting themselves in as close contact with the parent as they can．Whenever the young animal is frightened，disturbed，or annoyed，it typically rushes to its mother and rubs itself against her body．Wire doesn't "rub" as well as does soft cloth．Prolonged （长时间的） "contact comfort" with a cloth mother appears to give the babies confidence and is much more rewarding to them than is either warmth or milk．
   According to the Harlows，the basic quality of a baby's love for its mother is trust．If the baby is put into an unfamiliar playroom without its mother，the baby ignores the toys no matter how interesting they might be．It screams in terror and curls up into a furry little ball．If its cloth mother is now introduced into the playroom，the baby rushes to it and holds onto it for dear life．After a few minutes of contact comfort，it obviously begins to feel more secure．It then climbs down from the mother-substitute and begins to explore the toys，but often rushes back for a deep embrace as if to make sure that its mother is still there and that all is well．Bit by bit its fears of the new environment are gone and it spends more and more time playing with the toys and less and less time holding onto its "mother．"

（1）Psychologically，what does the baby monkey desire most during the first two weeks of its life？
A．Warmth
B．Milk
C．Contact
D．Trust
（2）After the first two weeks of their life，baby monkeys prefer the cloth mother to the wire mother because the former is        ．
A．larger in size
B．closer to them
C．less frightening and less disturbing
D．more comfortable to rub against
（3）It can be inferred that when the baby monkey feels secure，        ．
A．it frequently rushes back for a deep embrace when exploring the toys
B．it spends more time screaming to get rewards
C．it is less attracted to the toys though they are interesting
D．it cares less about whether its mother is still around
（4）The main purpose of the passage is to        ．
A．give the reasons for the experiment
B．present the findings of the experiment
C．introduce the method of the experiment
D．describe the process of the experiment

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203440. （2015•师大附中•一模） About 6 percent of luxury hotels in three major Chinese cities have stopped serving shark fin （鱼翅），a survey has found．Although the controversial dish remains on the menu at most hotels，Green Beagle Environment Institute，a Beijing-based non-government organization that was the main sponsor of the survey，said the results are encouraging and reflect increased awareness．
   The survey was carried out in Beijing，Shenzhen and Fuzhou，which were selected as representative cities to collect basic data on shark fin consumption nationwide．In Beijing，132 hotels completed the phone questionnaire between Nov．20 and Dec．12．Only 12 hotels，9 percent，said they do not serve shark fin．A similar survey of 131 Beijing hotels conducted a year ago found only one hotel that did not serve shark fin，Wang Xue，chief coordinator （协调人） of the survey，said on Saturday．In Shenzhen，four out of the 85 four and five star hotels surveyed had stopped serving shark fin，accounting for about 5 percent．In Fuzhou，only one of the 40 hotels surveyed did not serve shark fin．On average，about 6.61 percent of the hotels in the three cities did not serve the food．
   "The survey reminded us there is still a long way to go to remove shark fins from Chinese hotels and restaurants，but the improved situation in Beijing is encouraging，" said Wang． "We found more hotels and restaurants were willing to take action over the past year．" International hotels are more active in the "shark-fin-free" project，she noted．China is the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin，which has been used in luxurious Chinese dishes for 500 years．Dishes made from shark fin are still regarded as a symbol of honor and respect，especially at business dinners，according to Wang．
   Research has also found that shark fin contains poisonous elements，but the nutritious value is less than that of chicken or pork． "We hope hotels and restaurants remove shark fin products from their menus，" Wang added．

（1）Why do Chinese people like eating shark fin？
A．Shark fin stands for honor and respect in China．
B．Shark fin is rich in a variety of nutrition．
C．The living standard of Chinese is much better than before．
D．Shark fin can make people live longer．
（2）In which way was the survey carried out？
A．Interviewing on the spot．
B．Phone questionnaire．
C．Filling the forms．
D．Talk show．
（3）According to the text，which city did the best this year？
A．Shanghai
B．Shenzhen
C．Fuzhou
D．Beijing
（4）The author wants to tell us        ．
A．the opinions divided on consuming shark fin
B．Chinese people' taste of shark fin
C．the appeal to hotels and restaurants for stopping serving shark fin
D．the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203439. （2015•师大附中•一模） Our body clock，or natural body rhythm，influences our energy and alertness（警觉）．paying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of day when we best perform specific tasks．
   The reality，however，is that most of us organize their time around work demands，school deadlines，commuting or social events．Doing whatever your body feels like doing is a luxury in today's fast-paced modern society．
   But that doesn't mean it isn't worth trying．Obeying our body clock has significant health benefits．Disrupting our natural body rhythm，on the other hand，has been linked to problems such as depression，obesity，or headache，says Steve Key，a biology professor．
   When the body clock can synchronize（使……同步）the rhythms of its natural processes，it "gives us an advantage in daily life"，says Key．
   According to him，when it comes to cognitive （认知的） work，most adults perform best in the late morning．As our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase until midday，our memory，alertness and concentration gradually improve．
   However，he adds，our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereafter．Most of us are more easily distracted （分心） between noon and 4pm．
   Alertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak around 2pm，making that a good time for a nap．
   Surprisingly，tiredness may increase our creative powers．For most adults，problems that require open ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired，according to a study in the journal Thinking & Reasoning．
   When choosing a time of day to exercise，paying attention to your body clock can improve results．Physical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm，says Michael Smolensky，a professor of biomedical engineering．
   Of course，not everyone's body clock is the same，making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily plans．

（1）If we know our natural body rhythm well，we can．
A．organize our time around work demands
B．find out the suitable time to do specific tasks
C．do whatever our body feels like doing
D．be sure to be healthy
（2）Inspiration to solve a difficult problem will most probably come to us        ．
A．when we get up in the morning
B．when we are full of energy in the late morning
C．when we are tired in the evening
D．when we are asleep at night
（3）The main purpose of the passage is to        ．
A．criticize
B．persuade
C．encourage
D．inform
（4）Which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage？
A．Something About Natural Body Rhythm
B．Natural Body Rhythm Is Bad For Us．
C．What Is Natural Body Rhythm？
D．All The Research About Natural Body Rhythm

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203208. （2016•西安中学•二模） This is a great truth，one of the greatest truths．It is a great truth because once we truly see this truth，we transcend （超越） it．Once we truly know that life is difficult-once we truly understand and accept it-then life is no longer difficult．Because once it is accepted，the fact that life is difficult no longer matters．
Most do not fully see this truth．Instead they complain about their problems and difficulties as if life should be easy．It seems to them that difficulties represent a special kind of suffering especially forced upon them or else upon their families，their class，or even their nation．
What makes life difficult is that the process of facing and solving problems is a painful one．Problems，depending on their nature，cause us sadness，or loneliness or regret or anger or fear．These are uncomfortable feelings，often as painful as any kind of physical pain．And since life causes an endless series of problems，life is always difficult and is full of pain as well as joy．
Yet，it is in this whole process of solving problems that life has its meaning．Problems are the serious test that tells us success from failure．When we desire to encourage the growth of human spirit，we encourage the human ability to solve problems，just as in school we set problems for our children to solve．It is through the pain of meeting and working out problems that we learn．As Benjamin Franklin said，"Those things that hurt，instruct．"It is for this reason that wise people learn not to fear but to welcome the pain of problems．
（1）From the passage，it can be inferred that        ．
A．everybody has problems
B．we become stronger by meeting and solving the problems of life
C．life is difficult because our problems bring us pain
D．people like to complain about their problems
（2）The main idea of Paragraph 2 is that        ．
A．most people feel life is easy
B．the writer feels life is easy
C．the writer likes to complain about his problems
D．most people complain about how hard their lives are
（3）According to the passage，we give school children difficult problems to solve in order to        ．
A．encourage them to learn
B．teach them to fear the pain of solving the problem
C．help them learn to deal with pain
D．teach them how to respect problems
（4）The saying from Benjamin Franklin"Those things that hurt，instruct．"suggests that        ．
A．we do not learn from experience
B．we do not learn when we are in pain
C．pain teaches us important lessons
D．pain cannot be avoided．

共享时间:2016-03-22 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203477. （2015•师大附中•四模） Scientists recently discovered that pictures on cave walls at Creswell Crags are the oldest known in Great Britain．But they didn't find out in the usual way．
   Archaeologists often date cave art with a process called radiocarbon dating．The technique can measure the age of carbon found in charcoal（木炭）drawings or painted pictures．Carbon is an element found in many things，including charcoal and even people．But in this case，there was no paint or charcoal to test．People carved the pictures of animals and figures into the rock using stone tools．The scientists had an "aha!" moment when they noticed small rocks stuck to the top of the drawings．The small rocks must have formed after the drawings were made．
   "It is rare to be able to scientifically date rock art，" said Alistair Pike，an archaeological scientist at Britain's University of Bristol． "We were very fortunate that some of the engravings were covered by stalagmites（石笋）．
   When a test proved that the stalagmites formed 12，800 years ago，the scientists knew the art underneath them had to be at least that old．And some of the animalown，like the European bison，are now extinct--another tip-off that the art is quite old．
   The artists came to Creswell Crags，This place is one of the farthest points north reached by our ancient ancestors during the Ice Age．At that time，much of the North Sea was dry，so people could move about more easily．
   Some tools and bones found there are 13，000 to 15，000 years old．They show that the travelers hunted horses，reindeer，and arctic hare．Their artwork is similar to art in France and Germany．It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a close connection to peoples several thousand kilometers away-another important clue to understanding how humans spread out across the world．

（1）Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage？
A．Cave Art About Animals Is Most Beautiful
B．Cave Art Found in an Unusual Way
C．Cave Art Turns Out to Be Britain's Oldest
D．Cave Art in Britain
（2）From Paragraph Two，people can conclude        ．
A．archaeologists can work out the date of cave art
B．radiocarbon dating appeared only in Britain
C．archaeologists are good at using stone tools
D．drawings and painted pictures are really necessary for the formation of small rocks．
（3）Why do scientists say the art is quite old？
A．The art was carved into stone with stone tools．
B．The animals carved in the stone are beautiful．
C．The cave is one of the farthest points in the world．
D．Some pictures were covered by stalagmites more than 10，000 years old．
（4）By studying the cave art，scientists know something about        ．
A．how ancient people crossed the North Sea
B．why some of the animals have died out
C．how humans spread out across the world
D．what kind of animals people hunt at that time

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203478. （2015•师大附中•四模） In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity，others say that competition is bad；that it sets one person against another；that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
   I have taught many children who held the belief that their self - worth relied （依赖） on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life - and - death affairs．In their single - minded pursuit （追求） of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
   However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an excuse： "I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．" What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self - respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解） can we discover a new meaning in competition．

（1）What does this passage mainly talk about？
A．Competition helps to set up self - respect．
B．Opinions about competition are different among people．
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
（2）Why do some people favor competition according to the passage？
A．It pushes society forward．
B．It builds up a sense of duty．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It encourages individual efforts．
（3）The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means       ．
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
（4）Which point of view may the author agree to
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Competition should be encouraged．
C．Winning should be a life - and - death matter．
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203516. （2015•西工大附中•八模） Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful？This might be called laziness，but Dr．Kleitman has a new explanation．He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle．
   During the hours when you labour through your work，you may say that you're"hot"．That's true．The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak．For some people that peak comes during the forenoon．For others it comes in the afternoon or evening．No one has discovered why this is so，but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语）as"Get up，John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening．Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has．
   You can't change your energy cycle，but you can make your life fit it better．Habit can help．Dr．Kleitman believes．Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway．Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to．If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day，rise before your usual hour．This won't change your cycle，but you'll get up energy and work better at your low point．
   Get off to a slow start which saves your energy．Get up with a yawn and stretch．Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor．Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before．Whenever possible，do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours．

（1）If you want to work better at your low point in the morning，you should       ．
A．change your energy cycle
B．overcome your laziness
C．get up earlier than usual
D．go to bed earlier
（2）You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will       ．
A．help to keep your energy for the day's work
B．help you to control your temper early in the day
C．enable you to get your energy on your routine work
D．keep your energy cycle under control all day
（3）What's the best title of the passage？
A．Change Your Habits
B．Save Your Energy
C．Daily Energy Cycle
D．Temperature-and-Energy Peak
（4）The text is likely to be selected from a book of       ．
A．fashion
B．geography
C．environment
D．Science

共享时间:2015-06-19 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203882. （2024•阎良区•高二上期末） Improved air quality to reduce ozone （臭氧） pollution may have avoided the loss of 1.5 billion birds during the past 40 years，a study found.That's nearly 20% of bird life in the United States today.
   Ozone，a gas that appears in nature，is also produced by human activities，including by power plants and cars.The ozone in the upper atmosphere protects the Earth from the harmful ultraviolet rays （紫外线） of the sun.But ground-level ozone is harmful and pollutes the air we breathe.
   To examine the relationship between bird populations and air pollution，the researchers used models that connected bird observations from the Cornell Lab of Ornithology's eBird program with ground-level pollution data.They tracked monthly changes in bird populations，air quality，and regulation status （治理现状） for 3，214 US counties over a period of 15 years.The findings suggest that ozone pollution is most harmful to the small birds—such as sparrows，warblers and finches—that make up 86% of all North American land-bird species.Ozone pollution directly harms birds by damaging their breathing systems，and indirectly harms their food sources.
   "Not only can ozone cause direct physical damage to birds，but it also can harm plant health and reduce numbers of the insects that birds eat，" said co-author Amanda Rodewald. "Not surprisingly，birds that cannot get high-quality habitat or food resources are less likely to survive or reproduce successfully.The good news here is that environmental policies intended to protect human health and return important benefits to birds too."
   This work contributes to our ever increasing understanding of the connection of environmental health and human health.

（1）How many birds are there in the United States now？
A．0.75 billion.
B．1.5 billion.
C．3 billion.
D．7.5 billion.
（2）What is the result of the findings？
A．Ozone pollution harms birds' food sources indirectly.
B．86% of North American land-bird species are extinct.
C．3，214 counties in America have effective regulations.
D．The researchers have observed birds for many years.
（3）What is Amanda Rodewald's attitude towards birds' future in the US？
A．Worried.
B．Positive.
C．Uncaring.
D．Doubtful.
（4）What is the suitable title for the text？
A．Ground-Level Ozone Makes up Most of the Air We Breathe
B．Environmental Policies Intend to Protect Human Health
C．Reduced Ozone Pollution May Have Avoided Bird Deaths
D．Regulations Bring Important Protection Benefits to Birds

共享时间:2024-02-12 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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dygzyyyn

2025-03-03

高中英语 | | 阅读理解

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