无人机

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212964. （2023•铁一中学•高二上期中） Can a small group of drones（无人机）guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？That is the very likely future of applying today's "eyes in the sky" technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure（基础设施）worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.
   Drones are already being used to examine high-tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.The more regularly they can be inspected，the more railway safety，reliability and on-time performance will be improved.Costs would be cut and operations would be more efficient（高效）across the board.
   That includes huge savings in maintenance costs and better protection of railway personnel safety.It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance，including sending maintenance staff，often at night，to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure.That can be dangerous work that could be avoided with drones assisting the crews' efforts.
   By using the latest technologies，drones could also start providing higher-value services for railways，detecting faults in the rail or switches，before they can cause any safety problems.To perform these tasks，drones for rail don't need to be flying overhead.Engineers are now working on a new concept：the rail drones of the future.They will be moving on the track ahead of the train，and programmed to run autonomously.Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co-pilot.With their ability to see ahead，they could signal any problem，so that fast-moving trains would be able to react in time.

（1）What makes the application of drones to rail lines possible？
A．Drones' ability to work at high altitudes.
B．The use of drones in checking on power lines.
C．The reduction of cost in designing drones.
D．Drones' reliable performance in remote areas.
（2）What does "maintenance" underlined in paragraph 3 refer to？
A．Inspection and repair.
B．Personnel safety.
C．Assistance from drones.
D．Construction of infrastructure.
（3）What function is expected of the rail drones？
A．To provide early warning.
B．To earn profits for the crews.
C．To make trains run automatically.
D．To accelerate transportation.
（4）Which is the most suitable title for the text？
A．What Faults Can Be Detected with Drones
B．How Production of Drones Can Be Expanded
C．What Difficulty Drone Development Will Face
D．How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways

共享时间:2023-11-23 难度:2

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（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Drones are already being used to examine high﹣tension electrical lines.They could do precisely the same thing to inspect railway lines and other vital aspects of rail infrastructure such as the correct position of railway tracks and switching points.（无人机已经被用于检查高压电线。他们完全可以做同样的事情来检查铁路线路和铁路基础设施的其他重要方面，如铁路轨道和换乘点的正确位置。）可知，使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能的原因是无人机检查电力线路的使用。故选B。
（2）词义猜测题。根据第三段It is calculated that European railways alone spend approximately 20 billion euros a year on maintenance，including sending maintenance staff，often at night，to inspect and repair the rail infrastructure. （据统计，仅欧洲铁路公司每年在铁路维护上的花费就约为200亿欧元，其中包括经常在夜间派遣维修人员检查和维修铁路基础设施。）可知，花在maintenance上的费用是用于inspect and repair the rail infrastructure （检查和维修铁路基础设施。），maintain指的是"检查和维修"。A.Inspection and repair检查和维修；B.Personnel safety人员安全；B.Assistance from drones无人机的协助；D.Construction of infrastructure基础设施建设。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Very small drones with advanced sensors and AI and travelling ahead of the train could guide it like a co﹣pilot.With their ability to see ahead，they could signal any problem，so that fast﹣moving trains would be able to react in time.（带有先进传感器和人工智能的小型无人机可以像副驾驶一样在列车前方行驶。凭借它们的预见能力，它们可以发出任何问题的信号，以便快速行驶的列车能够及时做出反应。）可知铁路无人机的预期功能是提供早期预警。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Can a small group of drones （无人机） guarantee the safety and reliability of railways and，at the same time，help railway operators save billions of euros each year？That is the very likely future of applying today's "eyes in the sky" technology to making sure that the millions of kilometres of rail tracks and infrastructure （基础设施） worldwide are safe for trains on a 24/7 basis.（一小群无人机能否保证铁路的安全性和可靠性，同时帮助铁路运营商每年节省数十亿欧元？这是应用今天的"天空之眼"技术来确保全世界数百万公里的铁路轨道和基础设施全天候安全运行的非常可能的未来。）以及后文第二段讲到了使用无人机检查电力线路使无人机应用于铁路线路成为可能；第三段讲到了使用无人机大幅节省维护成本和更好地保护铁路人员安全；第四段讲到了通过使用最新的技术，无人机还可以开始为铁路提供更高的价值，可知文章主要讲述了无人机将如何改变铁路的未来，因此，选项D.How Drones Will Change the Future of Railways.（无人机将如何改变铁路的未来。）适合作为本文的最佳标题。故选D。

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213495. （2022•长安区一中•高一上期中） Alibaba Cloud and the Hangzhou city government announced the launch of ET City Brain 2.0，a cloud-powered and AI-driven urban traffic-management system that aims to increase the city's efficiency.
   After over two years of testing in Alibaba's home base，ET City Brain has become the new infrastructure （基础设施） for Hangzhou，with a total coverage of 420 square kilometers in area，including over 1，300 traffic lights.Over 200 traffic officers are connected via mobile phones，enabling them to receive real-time alerts on any traffic-related emergencies.
   In version 2.0，the system will optimize the city's firefighting abilities by providing key information to firefighters，such as water pressure，the number and position of fire hydrants （消防栓） in a given area，the location of gas pipes and other details they need to know.The information is instant，making the entire firefighting process faster，safer and more accurate.
   City Brain gives meaning to data.By using AI and advanced algorithms （计算程序），City Brain is able to analyze a large amount of data and turn them into useful information in real-time speed.
   As a result of City Brain's ability to predict traffic flow，detect accidents and provide instant feedback，Hangzhou has dropped from 5th to the 57th on the list of China's most congested cities.Hangzhou is probably the only city that can tell you how many cars are on the street at any given time.
   In the case of medical emergencies，City Brain is able to change traffic lights，so emergency vehicles like ambulances and fire trucks can head to the scene without interruption，accelerating their arrival time by 49%.
   Dr.Wang Jian，head of Alibaba's Technology Steering Committee who invented the term "City Brain"，said the system is designed to empower a city to act quickly and directly.It is more than just about traffic management.It's really about how to make city more livable at a time of shrinking natural resources around the globe. "It is a matter of sustainability，while using as little natural resources as possible，" Wang said， "This is just the beginning."

（1）What benefit will ET City Brain bring？
A．Less traffic jam.
B．Lower crime rates.
C．Efficient government.
D．Improved medical care.
（2）Which of the following functions of the City Brain is NOT mentioned in the text？
A．Predicting traffic flow.
B．Giving quick feedback.
C．Changing traffic lights.
D．Handling traffic accidents.
（3）Which of the following best explains the underlined word "optimize" in Paragraph 3？
A．Practise.
B．Better.
C．Operate.
D．Emphasize.
（4）What can we conclude from the last paragraph？
A．ET City Brain 2.0 is a mature version.
B．Alibaba targets environment-friendly development.
C．The government is devoted to improving the system.
D．The system can solve the problem of lack of resources.

共享时间:2022-11-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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212734. （2025•西安三中•高二下期中）     ChatGPT developer OpenAI has introduced a new tool that it says can reproduce human voices with just a short audio sample.The tool is among several tools developed by technology companies that aim to clone voices with a high level of exactness.
    The system is called Voice Engine.OpenAI released details about Voice Engine on March 29.The company also released some examples of how the tool performs.The company explained in a statement that the system uses written instructions and a 15-second audio sample to produce，or generate natural-sounding speech in the voice of any speaker.
    OpenAI said it has been working on developing the tool since late 2022.It plans to continue developing it before releasing it to the public.The company said the delayed release represents a cautious and wise effort to prevent possible misuse.
    OpenAI said it began testing Voice Engine with a small group of trusted partners.This testing aims to help company officials decide how to improve the tool's safety and learn how it can "be used for good" across different industries.
    There have already been highly publicized examples of false，or fake voice recordings that sound like well-known people.
    OpenAI said it is currently discussing how to limit these and other risks of such voice cloning systems.Technology experts have also warned such tools can be used to carry out financial crimes.For example，voices can be recorded and then reproduced to represent another individual in an effort to carry out a fraud.
    However，OpenAI listed several possible uses for the technology tool.These include providing reading assistance to non-readers or children，supporting individuals who cannot speak，and helping patients recover their voice.
    The company said its Voice Engine system can work in several languages.One example of such use is taking an English voice recording and producing a new audio version in another language.In an example released online，OpenAI proved a person's voice and style of speaking can remain the same in other targeted languages.

（1）What's the main function of OpenAI's new tool？
A.To help the disabled.
B.To clone human voices.
C.To chat on the Internet.
D.To make records of sounds.
（2）Why has the release of Voice Engine been put off？
A.To ensure its safety.
B.To overcome its errors.
C.To ask for user feedback.
D.To wait for official permission.
（3）What does the underlined word "fraud" in paragraph 6 mean？
A.Task.
B.Investigation.
C.Cheat.
D.Test.
（4）What do we know about Voice Engine？
A.It can translate languages exactly.
B.It can teach children how to read.
C.It can make language study easier.
D.It can keep the original style of speaking.

共享时间:2025-05-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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205424. （2020•西安中学•高二下期末） Technology makes listening to holiday music easier than ever．There are endless sources to help you find your favorite Christmas tunes and many other songs．People have explored how to listen to holiday music with high-tech devices．
   Apple Music
   This is the first year you can use Apple Music to listen to holiday songs．Apple Music has more than 30 million songs and is available in over 100 countries．
   Tell voice assistant Siri to "play holiday music" to open the music program on your iPhone，iPad or Apple TV．Apple Music app is available in the Google Play store，but not with a voice assistant．
   For the first three months，you can use it for free．After that，users have to pay a subscription fee．
   Google Play Music
   Google Play Music is also in the holiday spirit．Go to the Google Play Music Holiday page and search for "holiday music．"
   Google Play Music is available for free if you don't mind the advertisements．If you do，buy a paid subscription to avoid them．Google Play Music offers more than 30 million songs from 58 countries．
   Tune In Radio
   Listen to radio stations with Tune In Radio．This is an online service and offers stations from all seven continents in the world，including Antarctica．Tune In Radio is available on your computer and is free to online users．In the United States，Britain and Canada，a paid subscription gives you more stations without advertisements．

（1）What can we learn about Apple Music？
A．It is a new tool to listen to holiday music．
B．It is popular in over 100 countries．
C．It can only be used for three months．
D．It can only be used after the subscription．
（2）According to the passage，Google Play Music        ．
A．is favored by young people
B．can always be used for free
C．has the largest number of songs
D．doesn't allow any advertisement
（3）We can learn that Tune In Radio        ．
A．have over 30 million songs
B．is available on our mobile device
C．offers stations from around the world
D．is expensive in America and Canada

共享时间:2020-07-19 难度:2 相似度:2

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201884. （2024•周至县•一模）      Since 2001，robotic tools have revolutionized the practice of surgery.They have greatly reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.
    One example is "keyhole surgery"，or minimally invasive （微创） surgery，which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient.But in June 2022，surgeon James Ansell used 3 D glasses and two sticks to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor. "My colleague said...that this feels like cheating，" Ansell said to The Guardian.
    Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery.Normally，telesurgery relies on a wired connection due to concerns of harming the patient should a wireless connection drop during surgery，but China made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5 G technology.
    China achieved the first 5 G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing，a distance totaling nearly 3，000 kilometers.More recently，a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city.The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhbù，Guangdon g province，whereas the surgical team who operated on them via a 5 G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou，Hainan province.
    Looking to the future，people hope that remote surgery could become commonplace to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance.Some even believe that robotic systems，combined with AI，could one day exceed human surgeons.
    But，given current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots which can cost millions of dollars，the complete robot takeover of surgery may still be a while off.

（1）What does the "keyhole surgery" example intend to show？
A．Great complexity of robotic surgery.
B．Physical challenges surgeons face.
C．Surgical progress enabled by robotic tools.
D．Urgent need for advanced 3 D technology.
（2）What significant achievement did China make in the field of telesurgery？
A．Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.
B．Completing successfully remote eye surgery on humans.
C．Conducting a 5 G-based remote operation on rabbits overseas.
D．Performing the first wireless brain surgery with 5 G technology.
（3）What can be inferred from the text about robots in the medical field？
A．They are quite affordable.
B．They are currently in high demand.
C．They have not been widely used.
D．They have gone beyond human capabilities.
（4）What is a suitable title for the text？
A．Robotic Surgery Uses 5 G Technology
B．Keyhole Surgery Benefits Human Beings
C．Autonomous Robot Achieves Great Progress
D．Medical Robotics Revolutionizes Surgery Method

共享时间:2024-03-07 难度:2 相似度:2

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213609. （2023•莲湖区•高一下期中） Hunger is a very real problem around the globe.This year，almost 7 million people have died of hunger already.Why do people still die of hunger when there's more than enough food in the world？
   Well，considering that there are places in the world where basic needs like housing and clean，drinkable water are not met，then it doesn't come as a surprise that food is just not accessible to them.The food exists—it just doesn't get to where it needs to be.
   Nigerian farmer Samson Ogbole decided to go ahead and cultivate（培育） fruit and vegetables in a different way.Ogbole's farming process centres around two concepts：soilless farm-ing and aeroponics（气雾栽培）.To put it simply—he's growing food in the air.
   As Ogbole explained during a TED talk，aeroponics is the future of agriculture because it offers many benefits.For example，it is cheaper than traditional farming because there is no need to hire as many workers since everything is done with a"click".Also，this kind of farm-ing is more environmentally friendly since farmers don't use pesticides.At the same time，there are no space limitations—planting in the air means you can plant as many layers as you like.The sky is the limit literally!
   So，the young farmer has been practicing aeroponics for more than five years with impressive results.His work was recently praised on social media this summer when he was featured in a network post.In the post，Ogbole's farming method was mentioned，and Internet users had the chance to see pictures of the farmer's produce.
   Many viewers think southern Nigeria needs this method to grow crops.This will help in bringing down the price and avoiding future food blockades from the north.It seems that people are already realizing that this method will change the way people grow food.And，most importantly，it will help solve some of the issues related to hunger around the world.

（1）What does the figure in paragraph 1 show？
A．The necessity of growing food in the air.
B．The number of hungry people.
C．The seriousness of hunger.
D．The existing population problem.
（2）Why do people still starve to death in the world according to the text？
A．Food is not equally shared.
B．Their basic needs are not met.
C．There is not enough food supply.
D．They have no scientific planting methods.
（3）What is paragraph 4 mainly about？
A．The theory of aeroponics.
B．The advantages of aeroponics.
C．How to grow food in the air.
D．The downsides of traditional farming.
（4）What do viewers think of Ogbole's farming method？
A．Unrealistic.
B．Funny.
C．Promising.
D．Helpless.

共享时间:2023-05-27 难度:2 相似度:2

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201903. （2024•长安区•一模）     When wind blows through a bigleaf maple （大叶枫），paper-thin，wing-like seeds called samaras gently spin towards the ground.The fruit's tissue allows the wind to guide it further away from the tree.Inspired by the seeds，researchers designed a tiny，winged microchip，no larger than a grain of sand，that is powerful enough to monitor environmental pollution and airborne disease.
    Called the microflier，the microchip has no motor to push it forward in the air but instead was designed to catch the wind.To perfect the microchip's flying capability and shape，scientists took inspiration from the forms of various airborne seeds.The research team improved various designs until the microfliers flew slowly and more steadily than nature's samara seeds.The slower falling rate allows the microchip to keep flying for longer，which gives it more time to collect data and monitor air pollutants and airborne diseases.
    To perfect the microflier's flight，researchers took inspiration from children's pop-up books to create the three-dimensional wings.Usually，electronic microchips are flat，two-dimensional objects，but something flat won't take flight.To make the 3-D shape，John.
A．Rogers and his team built a stretched rubber base that the microchip rests on.The wings pop into flight mode when the rubber base is relaxed.
    The chip gathers data with sensors across its surface that can sense and monitor pH levels，test for heavy metals or chemicals，and track air pollution.An antenna （天线） on the microflier then sends all the collected data to a computer or phone.Rogers and his team are planning to test out the electronic chips soon by dropping thousands of the chips in a field.The microfliers will change color depending on the number of heavy metals present in the field where they land.A drone will then fly over the area and take photos of the microflier's colors，allowing researchers to map out the pollutants.
    Rogers and his team also designed the microchips to break down over time to prevent environmental pollution.

（1）What is the winged microchip designed to do？
A．Guide seeds from the tree.
B．Prevent airborne diseases.
C．Keep track of air qualities.
D．Catch the wind to fly away.
（2）What do paragraph 2 and 3 focus on？
A．Where researchers draw inspiration.
B．How the microflier has improved.
C．What the microchip does for humans.
D．Why the microflier flies more stably.
（3）What do the researchers do with the microflier in the future？
A．Drop chips in the field.
B．Monitor the soil color.
C．Map out air pollutants.
D．Handle soil pollution.
（4）Which of the following would be a suitable title for the text？
A．Winged microchips for monitoring environment
B．Microflier：A flying device of spreading seeds
C．Drone：A photographer of microflier's colors
D．Electronic chips for finding airborne diseases

共享时间:2024-03-07 难度:2 相似度:2

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204279. （2023•阎良区•高二下期末）     Modem advancements in digital and online technology are changing the art market.Online events are becoming more popular than ever as they can be attended by anyone from anywhere.At the heart of this online art world are OVRs.
   Before going into how OVRs are shaping the art world，it's important to understand what they are.An OVR is an Online Viewing Room that allows art enthusiasts to take part in events through their computer screens.OVRs transmit galleries and events to art lovers through live feed which can be viewed from anywhere in the world!
   OVRs enable art to travel across the world，without ever leaving the studio!This increases the number of possible collectors and buyers that will be able to view new pieces.
   Online viewings also meant that the art market could continue to function and exhibit art，even with lockdown restrictions.Although many events were cancelled，a study showed 41% of wealthy people bought work at a fair in 2020，while 45% did it through an online viewing room.
   Besides，OVR displays can be changed easily and updated at any time.This means that viewers can easily stay on track with the latest works and view updated displays as regularly as they would like.
   While OVRs may be practical，many enthusiasts say that the online viewing platforms don't provide the full gallery experience，and this is their main problem.Physical art shows allow enthusiasts to network with new people，discuss and see the art in real life before making a decision to buy.
   So，will OVRs continue to rise？Probably yes：OVRs are likely to play a big role in future art sales.This is because online viewing platforms bring a number of benefits to art lovers.However，the interactive aspect of viewing art cannot be fully replaced by OVRs，so expect a combination of the physical and the digital art world.

（1）What is the author's main purpose in writing Paragraph 1？
A．To bring up the topic of the text.
B．To list some interesting examples.
C．To show the types of the markets.
D．To introduce a problem to be solved.
（2）What do the percentages in Paragraph 4 show？
A．The art market is easily affected by accidents.
B．OVRs are more effective than face-to-face events.
C．OVRs help the art market to survive during lockdown.
D．People involved in art sales are mostly from wealthy families.
（3）What does Paragraph 6 mainly talk about？
A．The future of OVRs.
B．The history of OVRs.
C．The popularity of OVRs.
D．The disadvantages of OVRs.
（4）What can we know from the last paragraph？
A．OVRs will gradually replace face-to-face art events.
B．OVRs will coexist with the physical art world.
C．OVRs will create an interactive atmosphere for art lovers.
D．OVRs will make up more than half of the future art market.

共享时间:2023-07-14 难度:2 相似度:2

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201921. （2024•临潼区•二模）     Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs，or even building a bomb，suggesting that preventing such AI "jailbreaks" is more difficult than it seems.
    Many publicly available large language models （LLMs），such as ChatGPT，have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination，or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers — things they have learned from humans via training data.But that hasn't stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections，known as "jailbreaks"，making AI models disobey the rules.
    Now，Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks.They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona （角色），which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse.This process is called "persona modulation （调节）".
    Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from online conversations，and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs.By having the right conversation with a model，it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona，causing it to act differently.
    There is also an idea in AI circles，one yet to be proven，that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way.This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. "If you're forcing your model to be good persona，it somewhat understands what a bad persona is，" says Tagade.
    Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused，but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. "Like drugs，they also have side effects that need to be controlled，" she says.

（1）What does the AI jailbreak refer to？
A．The technique to break restrictions of AI models.
B．The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models.
C．The capability of AI models improving themselves.
D．The process of AI models learning new information.
（2）What can we know about the persona modulation？
A．It can help AI models understand emotions.
B．It prevents AI learning via online conversations.
C．It can make AI models adopt a particular persona.
D．It forces AI models to follow only good persona.
（3）What is Yinzhen Li's attitude towards LLMs？
A．Unclear.
B．Cautious.
C．Approving.
D．Negative.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A．LLMs：Illegal Learning Models
B．LLMs：The Latest Advancement
C．AI Jailbreaks：A New Challenge
D．AI Jailbreaks：A Perfect Approach

共享时间:2024-03-22 难度:2 相似度:2

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201950. （2023•周至县•三模） Without cracking a single textbook，without spending a day in medical school，the co-author of a preprint study correctly answered enough questions that it would have passed the real US Medical Licensing Examination.But the test-taker wasn't a member of Mensa or a medical specialist；it was the artificial intelligence ChatGPT.The tool，which was created to answer user questions in a conversational manner，has generated so much buzz that doctors and scientists are trying to determine what its limitations are and what it could do for health and medicine.
   The medical licensing exam is generally considered one of the toughest of any profession because it not only tests basic science，medical knowledge，but also assesses clinical reasoning，ethics （道德观念），critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
   The AI passed all the parts of the exam without any specialized training，showing a high level of insight in its explanations.This greatly impressed Dr.Victor Tseng，a medical director of the California-based group and a co-author of the study. "Googling the answer is very difficult，" he explained. "Because there're a lot of red herrings on the Internet.It might take hours to get an accurate answer." But ChatGPT was able to do it within five seconds.
   The results of the medical licensing exam study were even written up with the help of ChatGPT.However，the journal Nature created guidelines that said no such program could be credited as an author because "any authorship carries with it accountability for the work，and AI tools cannot take such responsibility." Actually，AI is only as good as the information it's fed，and with so much inaccurate information available online about things like COVID-19 vaccines，it could use that to generate inaccurate results.
   Tseng said he ultimately thinks ChatGPT can enhance medical practice，but won't replace doctors.Tseng's group will continue to test it to learn why it creates certain errors and what other ethical factors need to be put in place before using it for real.
   "AI is here.The doors are open，" Tseng said. "I firmly believe that it will actually make me and make us as physicians and providers better."

（1）What can ChatGPT possibly do according to paragraph 1？
A．Study in medical school.
B．Start an online conversation.
C．Conduct a study independently.
D．Pass a challenging examination.
（2）What does underlined words "red herrings" in paragraph 3 refer to？
A．Appealing topics.
B．Efficient helpers.
C．Hidden resources.
D．Distracting facts.
（3）According to Nature，ChatGPT can't be listed as an author because        .
A．it has invented all the data based on inaccurate information
B．it doesn't actively create and is not responsible for the work
C．it doesn't have a bank account and can't receive payment
D．it has failed to demonstrate problem-solving skills
（4）What is Tseng's attitude towards the future of ChatGPT？
A．Interested yet doubtful.
B．Disinterested and calm.
C．Confident yet cautious.
D．Critical and disappointed.

共享时间:2023-04-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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205528. （2020•蓝田县•高三上期末） Two new movies--Inventing Tomorrow and Science Fair-take audiences behind the posters of the Intel International Science and Engineering Fair （ISEF）.Created by Society for Science & the Public and supported by Intel ISEF brings together thousands of budding （初露头角的） scientists each year.In one week，they compete for prizes and present their science fair projects to the public.
   In Inventing Tomorrow，director Laura Nix follows teens，as they take on environmental problems close to home and bring their solutions to ISEF.Jose Manuel Eliade Esparaza，18，Jesus Alfonso Martinez Aranda，17，and Fernando Miguel Sanchez Villalobos，17，design a paint to absorb the air pollution affecting their home in Monterrey，Mexico.Meanwhile，Sahithi Pingali，16，for example，hates the rubbish poling up in her local lakes in Bangalore，India.She designs a water testing app to help her neighbors monitor water quality. "It is our job as the next generation to solve this." Sahithi said.
   Science Fair doesn't have such a similar scientific message.Instead，it focuses on how the teens present their research at ISEF，and why they want to be there.For example，Robbie Barrat，17，struggles in school in Shenandoah，W.Vs.，but he performs well at home，teaching computers how to sing like Kanye West.Ivo Zell，18，loves to fly model planes in Lorch，Germany，so he invents a new flying wing.The kids in Science Fair seem a bit more realistic than the ideal （理想的） dreamers of Inventing Tomorrow.
   While the movies are both about the same big science fair，neither is really about the science the teens carry out.It's not clear how the students came up with their projects，how they did the science itself or how they found teachers at universities to help them.Instead，the two movies focus on the experience of competing at a huge science fair.It's a place where kids bring their wildest scientific ideas.They find more people like themselves.And it's something that all the teens hope will help them succeed in life.

（1）Which word can best describe Inventing Tomorrow？
A．Touching.
B．Inspiring.
C．Humorous.
D．Frightening.
（2）What does Science Fair tell us about？
A．Why the teens take part in the fair.
B．When the teens do the experiments.
C．How the teens solve the air poll.
D．How the teens come up with their projects.
（3）What's the purpose of the two movies？
A．To popularize science.
B．To make the teens famous.
C．To advertise the science fair.
D．To encourage scientific spirit.
（4）What would be the best title for the text？
A．Teenagers' contributions to science.
B．Teenagers' efforts to take on science projects.
C．New movies give an inside look at science fairs.
D．Young scientists find ways to solve many problems.

共享时间:2020-02-13 难度:2 相似度:2

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213315. （2022•师大附中•高一上期中） In the American Journal of Physics，three high school students from Portugal，along with their teacher，have reported the results of their project.The students programmed an add-on （附加装置）board for the Raspberry Pi computer to map out Earth's magnetic field （磁场）.
   The European Space Agency teamed up with the U.K.'s Raspberry Pi Foundation to hold a competition for high school students.The competition，known as the Astro Pi Challenge，required the students to program a Raspberry Pi computer to be run aboard the International Space Station （ISS）.
   The students used the data （数据） from the space station to map out Earth's magnetic field and compared their results to data provided by the International Geomagnetic Reference Field （IGRF国际地磁参考场）. "
   "I saw the Astro Pi Challenge as a way to increase my knowledge and skill set，and it ended up introducing me to the exciting reality of the practical world，" Louren?o Faria，co-author and one of the students of the project，said.
   The IGRF data is updated （更新） every five years，so the students compared their results，taken in April 2021，with the latest IGRF data from 2020.They found their data differed from the IGRF results.This difference could be because of the magnetic field inside the space station.
   The students repeated their tests using another set of data from ISS and found a good improvement in results.The students thought it astonishing that the main features （特征） of Earth's magnetic field could be remeasured （再次测量） with only three hours' worth of computing from their low-cost add-on board in the space station.
   Although this project was carried out aboard the space station，it could easily be applied to ground-based measurements using apps for smartphones.
   "Taking measurements around the world and sharing data through the Internet or social media would make for an interesting science project that could connect students in different countries，" said Alex Mora，manager of Raspberry Pi Foundation.

（1）What did the three students do in the Astro Pi Challenge？
A．They made a new Raspberry Pi computer.
B．They computed Earth's magnetic field.
C．They developed new apps for ISS.
D．They helped the IGRF collect data.
（2）What did Faria say about the Astro Pi Challenge？
A．It should include more students from different countries.
B．It made him realize the importance of knowledge.
C．It was a great chance for self-improvement.
D．It should get more international attention.
（3）What does the underlined word" astonishing" in paragraph 6 mean？
A．Necessary.
B．Impossible.
C．Dangerous.
D．Surprising.
（4）What was Mora's attitude to the project？
A．Uncaring.
B．Doubtful.
C．Curious.
D．Positive.

共享时间:2022-11-28 难度:2 相似度:2

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204165. （2023•周至四中•高二下期末）     Microsoft is investing ＄10 billion in OpenAI，whose artificial intelligence tool ChatGPT has lit up the Internet since its introduction in November，accumulating more than 1 million users within days and touching off a fresh debate over the role of AI in the workplace.
    Its ability to provide in-depth answers to user questions has even drawn the attention of distinguished technology companies.The intelligent robot understands what the user says or types and then responds in a way that makes sense.Its vast body of knowledge has been gathered from the Internet and archived（归档） books.This makes ChatGPT a useful tool for researching almost any topic.
    "We have a lot of information on the Internet，but you normally have to Google it，then read it and then do something with it，"says Ricardo，chief science officer and co-founder of AI company Erudit."Now you'll have this resource that can process the whole Internet and all of the information it contains for you to answer your question."
    ChatGPT cannot think on its own.It depends on the information that it has been trained on.As a result，the AI tool works well for things that have accurate data available.However，when unsure，ChatGPT can get creative and flow out incorrect responses.OpenAI cautions users to check the information no matter how logical it sounds.Also，ChatGPT has only been trained with information till 2021.Hence，it cannot be relied on for anything that happened after that.
    Experts believe ChatGPT has limitless potential to solve real-world problems.It can translate long texts into different languages，create content on almost any topic，and even summarize books.
    However，ChatGPT has received mixed reactions from educators.Some believe it could serve as a valuable tool to help build literacy skills in the classroom.It could also be used to teach students difficult science or math concepts.But other educators think ChatGPT will encourage students to cheat.They fear this will prevent them from building critical thinking and problem-solving skills.As a result，many districts are starting to ban its use in schools.

（1）ChatGPT is special，because        .
A．it can think on its own
B．it can answer users' questions
C．it gets involved in meaningful talks
D．it has a large number of users
（2）What makes ChatGPT helpful to research various topics？
A．Its capability of information processing.
B．Its accurate information.
C．Its availability of instant responses.
D．Its vast body of questions.
（3）What can be inferred about ChatGPT from Paragraph 4？
A．It shouldn't be relied on for lack of creativity.
B．Users have to be cautious when using it.
C．We can consult it about anything in the past.
D．All the responses it gives are logical.
（4）What is the author's attitude towards ChatGPT？
A．Favorable.
B．Disapproving.
C．Objective.
D．Intolerant.

共享时间:2023-07-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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203544. （2025•铁一中学•高二上期末）     Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs，or even building a bomb，suggesting that preventing such AI "jailbreaks" is more difficult than it seems.
    Many publicly available large language models （LLMs），such as ChatGPT，have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination，or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers—things they have learned from humans via training data.But that hasn't stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections，known as "jailbreaks"，making AI models disobey the rules.
    Now，Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks.They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona （角色），which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse.This process is called "persona modulation （调节）".
    Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from online conversations，and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs.By having the right conversation with a model，it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona，causing it to act differently.
    There is also an idea in AI circles，one yet to be proven，that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way.This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. "If you're forcing your model to be good persona，it somewhat understands what a bad persona is，" says Tagade.
    Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused，but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. "Like drugs，they also have side effects that need to be controlled，" she says.

（1）What does the AI jailbreak refer to？
A.The technique to break restrictions of AI models.
B.The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models.
C.The capability of AI models improving themselves.
D.The process of AI models learning new information.
（2）What can we know about the persona modulation？
A.It can help AI models understand emotions.
B.It prevents AI learning via online conversations.
C.It forces AI models to follow only good personas.
D.It can make AI models adopt a particular persona.
（3）What may the author suggest by saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？
A.The risks of LLMs cannot be ignored.
B.We need to control the side effects of drugs.
C.It's worthwhile to explore LLMs' potential benefits.
D.We should restrict the development of LLMs.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A.LLMs：Illegal Learning Models
B.LLMs：The Latest Advancement
C.AI Jailbreaks：A New Challenge
D.AI Jailbreaks：A Perfect Approach

共享时间:2025-03-01 难度:2 相似度:2

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202301. （2022•西工大附中•六模） Reading minds may not be simple，but it might be possible actually.What if a brain scan could reveal your memories？A team of British scientists recently just did that — they used brain scans to look at spatial （空间的） memory in four people.Spatial memory is the kind of memory you use to remember where you are.You use spatial memory to remember how to get from your house to school.People build spatial memory as they explore a new city or a new building and take in information about their surroundings.
   The scientists asked each participant to sit down at a computer and wander through 3 D rooms.These virtual rooms contained images of objects，like clocks and doors，so that the people could know where they were.Each person was encouraged to explore the virtual space.
   As the people became familiar with these rooms，their brains were taking notes of where things were，and how to get from one point to another.After observing these rooms，the participants were instructed to go to a specific location within the rooms.At this point，the scientists took pictures of the people's brains using an instrument called FMRI （核磁共振成像）.As participants stared at the floor，the scientists took FMRI scans to measure brain activity.
   They repeated this process many times.After a few repetitions，the scientists recognized the patterns in the participants' brains.By looking at patterns on the brain scans，the scientists were able to read the spatial memory of the test subjects.
This experiment shows that it is possible to use FMRI to gather some kinds of memories from people.However，your secret thoughts and personal memories are safe — for now. "It is not the case that we can put someone in a brain scanner and simply read his private thoughts，" said one of the scientists who worked on the project.

（1）What can we learn about spatial memory from the first paragraph？
A．It contributes to exploring a new subject.
B．It lets you remember what has been done.
C．It helps you memorize places where you are.
D．It takes in information about new knowledge.
（2）Which of the following is the right order of the study？
a.The scientists took photos of the brains with the FMRI.
b.The scientists read the spatial memory of the participants.
c.The participants were asked to explore virtual rooms.
d.The scientists repeated the process a few times.
A．a，b，c，d
B．c，a，d，b
C．b，c，d，a
D．c，d，a，b
（3）Why are our secret mind and private memories safe？
A．Because FMRIs can't gather any memory from people.
B．Because scientists can't understand all pictures taken by FMRIs.
C．Because FMRIs can't be completely reliable now.
D．Because scientists can't read people's thoughts directly.
（4）What does the passage mainly talk about？
A．Spatial memory and FMRIs.
B．A very important research.
C．How scientists can read people's memories.
D．A new kind of camera — FMRIs.

共享时间:2022-05-23 难度:2 相似度:2

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203227. （2016•西安一中•一模） The following passage is adapted from the writings of a Nobel Prize-winning scientist．
   Any scientist who is not a pretender will admit the important part that luck plays in scientific discovery．A colleague and I carried out an experiment in which little tissue fragments（组织碎片），which were very difficult to work with，were injected into mice of different DNA strains．If we had been more experienced，we would have injected only white blood cells （which would have been easier to handle） into the mice．We now know that if we had done this，we would not have made the discovery．Obviously，we were lucky，but our scientific training enabled us to recognize the significance of the accident．
   It might nevertheless seem as if luck plays a significant role in scientific discovery．However，I would like to challenge this view for the following reasons：we sometimes describe as "lucky" a person who wins a prize in a lottery at long odds；but if we describe such an event as luck，what word shall we use to describe the accidental discovery of a lottery ticket that turns out to be the winning one just on a park bench？
   The two cases are quite different．A person who buys a lottery ticket is putting himself or herself in the way of winning a prize．This individual has，so to speak，purchased candidacy（候选资格）for such a turn of events and all the rest is a matter of mathematical probabilities．So it is with scientists．A scientist is anyone who，by observations and experiments conducted，by the literature read，and even by the company kept，puts himself or herself in the way of making a discovery．These individuals，by deliberate action，have enormously enlarged their awareness-their candidacy for good fortune-and will now take into account evidence of a kind that a beginner or a casual observer would probably overlook or misinterpret．
   Nearly all successful scientists have emphasized the importance of preparedness of mind，and I want to emphasize that this preparedness of mind is worked for and paid for by a great deal of effort and reflection．If these efforts lead to a discovery，then I think it would be inappropriate to credit such a discovery to luck．

（1）The outcome of the experiment described in paragraph one suggests that
A．luck play an insignificant part in scientific discovery
B．the injection of only while blood cells allowed the two scientists to make their discovery
C．It was difficult to inject little tissue fragments into mice of different DNT strains
D．the scientists concerned in the experiment were able to benefit from luck
（2）The author uses the example of the lottery winner in order to suggest that
A．blind luck occurs more frequently than people realize
B．luck plays a more important part in most events than people realize
C．luck is not the correct term to use when referring to a significant scientific discovery
D．luck is the best word to be used to describe the accidental discovery in science
（3）The author implies that a scientist achieves " candidacy for good fortune" by
A．making careful and repeated mathematical calculations
B．depending on feelings rather than on scientific research
C．performing enough experiments to increase the statistical probability of success
D．obtaining knowledge that allows him or her to recognize important evidence
（4）The primary purpose of the passage is to
A．make a single definition of luck
B．show that scientists discover what they intend to find
C．compare scientific discovery to a lottery game
D．discuss the role of luck in science

共享时间:2016-03-06 难度:2 相似度:2

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dygzyyyn

2023-11-23

高中英语 | 高二上 | 阅读理解

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