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212760. （2025•交大附中•高二下期中）     Weight loss doesn't happen just by turning down dessert.Here，three women share the biggest motivators in their weight-loss journeys and the simple changes they made to actually achieve their health goals.
    Alyssa Greene
    The stress of starting college and continuous late nights caused Alyssa Greene to develop an unhealthy relationship with her body.Though she exercised，she didn't pay much attention to her diet and her overall health until she realized a change had to be made.Over the next 2.5 years，she self-educated about nutrition and learnt what and how much to eat to get the resulte wanted.Today，Greene has lost 50 pounds and relies on self-discipline as her key motivator. "I do what I want for me，no one else，" she says. "For people who have a hard time making a lifestyle change because of family or friends or a significant other，it really boils down to discipline."
   Tanisha Commodore
   For years，Tanisha Commodore left no stone unturned when it came to weight loss strategies.After trying countless workout programmes and weight-loss diets，the desperate influencer began entertaining the idea of going to Mexico for weight-loss surgery when her friend happened to recommend a special diet.Over eight months，Commodore lost 80 pounds. "You didn't put it on overnight，so don't expect to lose it overnight，" she notes.
   Denita Elizabeth
    At one point，Denita Elizabeth weighed over 250 pounds and couldn't remember what it felt like to be healthy.Having made up her mind to make a change，Elizabeth signed up for a SoulCycle membership.Today she's lost 100 pounds. "Not only had my strength increased，but my whole body composition changed，" says Elizabeth. "Remember：you need to develop discipline and commitment for the moments when you don't feel like it."

（1）How did Greene lose weight？
A．By working out.
B．By changing eating habits.
C．By enhancing motivation.
D．By going to bed early.
（2）What does Commodore suggest people do？
A．Try different strategies.
B．Eat a strict diet.
C．Be patient.
D．Get gym membership.
（3）What do Greene and Elizabeth have in common？
A．They are college students.
B．They are disciplined.
C．They are motivated by others.
D．They have achieved their goals quickly.

共享时间:2025-05-10 难度:2

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[考点]

日常生活，说明文，

[答案]

BCB

[解析]

（1）细节理解题。根据Alyssa Greene部分Though she exercised，she didn't pay much attention to her diet and her overall health until she realized a change had to be made.Over the next 2.5 years，she self﹣educated about nutrition and learnt what and how much to eat to get the results she wanted.（尽管她锻炼，但她并没有太注意自己的饮食和整体健康，直到她意识到她必须做出改变。在接下来的两年半里，她自学了营养知识，学会了吃什么和吃多少才能达到她想要的效果）可知，格林是通过改变饮食习惯减肥的。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据Tanisha Commodore部分Over eight months，Commodore lost 80 pounds. "You didn't put it on overnight，so don't expect to lose it overnight，" she notes.（在八个多月的时间里，Commodore减掉了80磅。她指出："你不是在一夜之间增加体重，所以不要指望一夜之间就会减掉它。"）可知，Commodore表示人们不要指望一夜之间减肥，即建议人们要有耐心。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据Alyssa Greene部分Today，Greene has lost 50 pounds and relies on self﹣discipline as her key motivator. "I do what I want for me，no one else，" she says. "For people who have a hard time making a lifestyle change because of family or friends or a significant other，it really boils down to discipline."（如今，格林已经瘦了50磅，依靠自律作为她的主要动力。"我为自己做我想做的事，而不是别人，"她说。"对于那些因为家人、朋友或重要的另一半而难以改变生活方式的人来说，这真的可以归结为自制力。"）以及 Denita Elizabeth部分Remember：you need to develop discipline and commitment for the moments when you don't feel like it.（记住：当你不喜欢它的时候，你需要培养自制力和承诺）可知，格林和伊丽莎白的共同点是她们都拥有自制力。故选B。

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本题考查了"日常生活，说明文，"，属于"易错题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

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204980. （2022•铁路中学•高二上期末） Making lists is relaxing.It calms you down and it makes you feel good when you cross something off.The more you have to do，the more you need a list.Few people with high-powered jobs get by without them.
   Julie Rose，a manager of a large supermarket，says，"Before I go to bed，I have to write down everything that's going to stop me sleeping.If I write down everything，I feel I won't forget it.So my lists are a great comfort."
   James Oliver，a psychologist，writes a list of things to do and then organizes them into categories（种类）：things that have to be done straight away，other things that it would be good to do today，things that are important but haven't got to be done immediately and things that are less urgent but that he doesn't want to forget.He added，"After that，you should divide things into levels of importance." But he also warns，"If people get too absorbed in making lists，it doesn't work.They have too many categories and lose their ability to decide which is the most important."
   So what are you waiting for？there's no better time than the present to begin to take control of your work and life.So，get out your pencil and pen and make a list.

（1）How will Julie Rose feel if she doesn't make lists before going to bed？
A．uneasy.
B．sad.
C．tired.
D．sorry.
（2）What's James Oliver's ideas on making lists？
A．People should make lists on everything.
B．People need to make a very detailed list before doing things.
C．People should make a list according to his or her own habits.
D．People need to make lists but don't be too dependent on them.
（3）What's best title for the passage？
A．Make life better by making lists
B．Making a list or not
C．Enjoy your life
D．Get out of the bad habits

共享时间:2022-02-07 难度:2 相似度:2

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201656. （2025•高新一中•十模） Developing Happiness：Strengthening Your Reward Sensitivity In our busy lives，we often pass up chances for joy.We might skip a birthday party or cancel a lunch date，thinking it's not worth the trouble.But this usually makes us feel even more down later.The secret to changing this is to strengthen"reward sensitivity". （1）
    Reward sensitivity is like a muscle.It can grow stronger with regular practice.When we train ourselves to notice and value positive emotions，we can become happier. （2）       They often struggle to feel pleasure，a condition called anhedonia（unable to experience joy）.A 2023 study showed that therapy focusing on positive emotions helps mental health more than treatments just reducing negative symptoms.
    A great way to strengthen reward sensitivity is to plan a small，fun activity daily. （3）       Describe it in detail，focusing on the feelings and experiences.This practice，known as "savoring（尽情享受），"makes positive feelings stronger and gives you more motivation to seek similar experiences in the future.
    （4）       Instead of simply labeling an experience "good""，use more precise words like "thrilled，""inspired，or"peaceful".Sharing positive moments with others can make these moments even more meaningful，strengthening social bonds and spreading happiness.
    It's important to remember that embracing happiness doesn't mean ignoring pain. （5）       By using these strategies in your daily life，you can cultivate a stronger sense of reward sensitivity and change how you experience and pursue happiness.

A.Afterward，take a moment to recall the experience.
B.It's the ability to find and truly enjoy positive experiences.
C.We often avoid such activities，which make our mood decline.
D.This is especially important for those with depression or anxiety.
E.This practice helps you better understand and enjoy positive feelings.
F.Beyond savoring，expanding your emotional vocabulary can also help.
G.Despite life's challenges，feeling joy helps restore balance and toughness.

共享时间:2025-06-06 难度:2 相似度:2

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201948. （2023•周至县•三模） A smile is the key to a thousand doors，but deploying （有效利用）it in every situation without mastery of its use is dangerous，says a new social science study.
   Scientists say it takes a great many muscles to smile；scientists at Queen's University Belfast in a recent study found that subtle（细微的）differences in the way in which a person smiled had not-so-subtle impacts on the opinions which the test participants had about the smiler. "Smiling at another person does not always lead to trust and cooperation，" said Dr.Stephanie Carpenter from the University of Michigan，a co-author of the study. "Subtle differences in a smile can definitely have a real impact on whether people trust each other and choose to cooperate.In fact，the way you smile in a good or bad situation can impact whether people trust you.
   "Think about movie villains（恶棍），for example in James Bond films，" said Dr.Magdalena Rychlowska from Queen's University，who led the research published in Cognition and Emotion journal. "They often make happy smiles when something bad has happened or is about to happen.This context makes these otherwise happy and normal smiles feel threatening and unpleasant." She adds，"The findings of this study show the power of subtle facial expressions and the positive consequences that an affiliation smile can have in difficult situations.It also highlights the importance of social context-a happy smile that could be read as a signal of trustworthiness in one setting can，but in another setting，it can be seen as the evidence of bad intentions."
   Mastery of the smile then，can be an excellent way of getting out of difficult social situations，while the lack thereof can be an excellent way of getting into one.

（1）Which of the following about smiling is right according to the passage？
A．Deploying smiling is very dangerous in every situation.
B．Subtle difference in smiling has little impact.
C．The way you smile will impact whether you can be trusted.
D．Smiling will always lead to trust and cooperation.
（2）How did the author explain subtle differences in a smile？
A．By using numbers and giving examples.
B．By giving examples and citing scientific proof.
C．By giving examples and making a comparison.
D．By making a comparison and citing scientific proof.
（3）What can be learn from the study of smiling？
A．A happy smile can always be read as a signal of trustworthiness.
B．People always make happy smiles when something bad has happened.
C．Mastering the smile can help you avoid troubles.
D．Subtle facial expressions have positive consequences.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．The advantages of smiling
B．The impact of smiling
C．A trusting smile
D．Subtle differences in smiling

共享时间:2023-04-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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212876. （2024•西安一中•高三下期中）     Ten years after Starbucks arrived in Vietnam，the outcome is clear：Vietnamese people love coffee，but they don't really seem to like Starbucks.
    Starbucks accounted for just 2% of Vietnam's ＄1.2 bn coffee-drinking market in 2022.It has 92 stores，which works out to less than one for every million people.
    Starbucks' presence remains limited due to the consumer preference for local coffee flavors.Vietnam，after all，is no stranger to coffee：It's the world's second largest exporter of coffee.For one thing，the Starbucks menu is not diverse.French settlers introduced coffee to Vietnam in the 19th century.But the first coffee plant was of the Arabica species and did not adapt well to the country's hot and humid climate and soil.Later，the French brought Robusta plants and that is the coffee popular in Vietnam today.97% of the coffee Vietnam consumes every year is of the Robusta variety.Starbucks，however，uses 100% Arabica beans.It might explain why even coffee drinkers who do go to Starbucks don't seem to love what's available.
    For another thing，the Starbuck's menu has none of the local favorites.Some local Vietnamese brands mix traditional Robusta coffee with egg yolk，yogurt，concentrated milk，ice and even fruit to attract new customers.However，in Starbucks chain stores，the Java chip frappucinos（可可碎片星冰乐） and pumpkin spiced lattes（南瓜丝绒拿铁） that have won elsewhere just don't seem to cut it here.
    The menu is by no means inexpensive for a competitive market like Vietnam，which is another reason why Vietnamese people hesitate to go to Starbucks.A medium-sized drink at Starbucks with non e of the add-ons costs about ＄3.6.That's out of reach for most in a country where the average monthly wage is only around ＄345.
    "I only went to Starbucks once，because I wanted to try the luxurious coffee.Starbucks coffee is nothing special tome.It's too fancy and I don't like the taste." Tram Nguyen says. "I can enjoy a quality coffee at a Vietnamese coffee shop at half the price."

（1）Why does the author give some figures in paragraph 2？
A．To show the large population of Vietnam.
B．To illustrate the slight failure of Starbucks in Vietnam.
C．To introduce the rapid development of Starbucks in Vietnam.
D．To prove the fact that the Vietnamese dislike coffee.
（2）How many reasons account for the fact that Vietnamese don't really seem to like Starbucks？
A．One.
B．Two.
C．Three.
D．Four.
（3）Which of the following might the Vietamese like？
A．Java chip frappucinos with ice.
B．Arabica beans with egg yolk.
C．Robusta coffee with yogurt.
D．Arabica coffee with concentrated milk.
（4）Which might be the best title for the text？
A．Starbucks Vietnam：failure to win over coffee-loving Vietnamese.
B．Starbucks Vietnam：less diversity than Vietnamese local coffee.
C．Vietnamese coffee：national pride for the Vietnamese.
D．Starbucks Vietnam：a model of global luxurious coffee.

共享时间:2024-05-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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212945. （2024•铁一中学•高二下一月） Sure，it's good to get along well with your teacher because it makes the time you spend in the classroom more pleasant.
   And yes，it's good to get along well with your teacher because，in general，it's smart to learn how to get along well with the different types of people you'll meet throughout your life.
   In fact，kids who get along well with their teachers not only learn more，but they're more comfortable about asking questions and getting extra help.This makes it easier for them to understand new materials and do their best on tests.When you have this kind of relationship with a teacher，he or she can be someone to turn to with problems，such as problems with learning or school issues.
   Here is a question：what if you don't get along well with your teachers？In fact，teachers want to get along well with you and enjoy seeing you learn.But teachers and students sometimes have personality clashes（个性冲突），which can happen between any two people.If you show your teacher that you want to make the situation better，he or she will probably do everything possible to make that happen.By dealing with a problem like this，you learn something about how to get along with people who are different from you.
   However，if a certain teacher isn't your favorite，you can still have a successful relationship with him or her，especially_____.Here are some of those responsibilities：
   ?Attend class ready to learn.
   ?Be prepared for class with the right pencils，books，and completed assignments.
   ?Listen when your teacher is talking.
   ?Do your best，whether it's a classroom assignment，homework，or a test.

（1）According to the passage，getting along well with your teachers will make you        .
A．get the best scores in the exams
B．have more pleasant time in the classroom
C．have no problems with study
D．get a better seat in the classroom
（2）The underlined word "that" in the fourth paragraph refers to        .
A．getting along very well with classmates
B．the disappearance of personality differences
C．a better relationship between you and your teacher
D．the happy time you have in the classroom
（3）"        " can be filled in the blank.
A．if you fulfill your basic responsibilities as a student
B．if you are easy-going and helpful
C．if you know some basic social skills
D．if you are thought of as a good student

共享时间:2024-04-20 难度:2 相似度:2

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202043. （2022•西安中学•四模） Boredom is such a large part of day-to-day existence.Perhaps because it's common in our lives，scientists have been slow to explore it.John Eastwood is one of the first scholars to take an interest.
   One of the most common false views is that "only boring people get bored".
   Yet as Eastwood set about exploring the reasons for boredom，he found that there are two distinct types of personality that tend to suffer from the feeling of boredom，and neither are particularly dull themselves.
   Boredom often goes among people who are constantly looking for new experiences.For these people，the steady path of life just isn't enough to hold their attention.The second kind of bored people have almost exactly the opposite problem：the world is a fearful place，and so they try not to step outside their comfort zone.While this might offer some comfort，they are not always satisfied with the safety it offers and boredom results.
   Emotionould evolve for our benefit. "The very fact that boredom is a daily experience suggests it should be doing something useful，" says Heather Lench at Texas A&M University.Feelings like fear help us avoid danger，after all，while sadness might help prevent future mistakes.So，if true，what does boredom achieve？
   Reviewing the evidence so far，Lench suspects that it lies behind one of our most important characters---curiosity.Boredom，she says，pushes us to try to seek new goals or explore new ideas which stimulate innovation（激发创新）.
   Eastwood is less enthusiastic about boredom's benefits，but admits we should be cautious about looking for an immediate escape. "The feeling is so disgusting that people rush to remove it， " he says." I'm not going to join that war on boredom and come up with a cure，because we need to listen to the emotion and ask what it is trying to tell us to do. "

（1）What does John Eastwood's study mainly focus on？
A．Why people get bored.
B．The benefits of boredom.
C．How to deal with boredom.
D．The types of boredom.
（2）According to Lench，boredom        .
A．would help us avoid mistakes
B．cannot be cured for the moment
C．might be good for our creativity
D．could make us get tired and lose focus
（3）What's Eastwood's attitude towards finding a cure for boredom？
A．Curious.
B．Optimistic.
C．Objective.
D．Uninterested.
（4）What message can be concluded from the text？
A．Easier said than done.
B．Hard work never killed a man.
C．Practice makes perfect.
D．Every coin has two sides.

共享时间:2022-04-19 难度:2 相似度:2

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204690. （2023•西安八十九中•高二上期末）第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
   In China，people in different areas have their own ways to celebrate the Spring Festival.Especially between Northern China and Southern China，there are many differences.（1）       One is about the food on the night before the Spring Festival.In Northern China，people usually eat dumplings during this time.For luck，people may put sugar in dumplings.（2）       People in the south usually eat Niangao or Tangyuan on New Year's Eve.Both foods are also considered to bring a better life.There are many causes.For example.Northern China grows lots of wheat while Southern China grows lots of rice.（3）       People in Northern China usually love food made by wheat.
   （4）       In Northern China，people often put up paper cuttings on windows to wish for happiness of the coming year.In many parts of the south，people no longer put up paper cuttings for the Spring Festival.Instead，they decorate their house with a kumquat（金橘）tree bearing fruit.
   It's true that Northern China and Southern China have differences in celebrating the Spring Festival.（5）       After all，many Chinese are moving from one place to another.When reaching a new place，they also bring their customs there.So now many people in Northern China also-cat Tangyuan.
A.Here are some examples.
B.Many foods are made of rice.
C.The differences bring many bad results.
D.But the differences are gradually disappearing.
E.As a result，people in-Southern China often -prefer-rice.
F.That way，they believe life in the next year.will be"sweet".
G.China's north and south -also have a difference in New Year decorating.

共享时间:2023-02-23 难度:2 相似度:2

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213030. （2023•长安区一中•高二上期中）     One of the most curious features of the modern world is the manner in which design has been widely transformed into something meaningless.But I want to argue design should be the crucial block on which the human environment iaped and constructed for the betterment and delight of all.
    Not surprisingly，in the absence of widespread agreement about its significance and value，much confusion surrounds design practice.In some subject areas，authors can assume common ground with readers.Other subject areas can be so difficult that no such mutual understanding exists.
    Design sits uncomfortably between these two extremes.As a word it is common enough，but it is full of disharmony，has innumerable manifestations （表现），and lacks boundaries that give clarity and definition.As a practice，design generates vast quantities of material，much of it ephemeral，only a small proportion of which has sustained quality.
    So how can design be understood in a meaningful sense？Design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human，and an essential determinant of the quality of human life.If things are a necessary part of our existence，why are they often done so badly？There is no simple answer.Cost factors are sometimes advanced，but the remove between doing something well or badly can be exceedingly small，and cost factors can in fact be reduced by appropriate design inputs.
    This book is based on a belief that design matters profoundly to us all in innumerable ways and represents an area of huge，underutilized potential in life.It sets out to explore some reasons why this is so and to suggest some possibilities of change.The intention is to extend the range of what is understood by the term，and examine the depth of design practice as it affects everyday life in a diversity of cultures.

（1）What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about？
A．The causes of confusion.
B．The significance of design.
C．The differences in subjects.
D．The common ground in people.
（2）What does the underlined word "ephemeral" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A．Meaningful.
B．Enormous.
C．Short-lived.
D．Hard-wearing.
（3）What do we know about design？
A．Design is just about arts or trends.
B．Cost factors account for inadequate design.
C．The author argues that design is meaningless .
D．Very few are incapable of improvement by proper design.
（4）What is the book aimed at？
A．Reducing design inputs.
B．Persisting in meaningful design practices.
C．Denying previous conception of design.
D．Clarifying the confusion surrounding design.

共享时间:2023-11-29 难度:2 相似度:2

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203862. （2024•长安区•高一上期末）     Do you ever get restless if you haven't checked your phone for a few minutes？If so，you're not alone.Studies reveal that people these days check their phones once every four minutes on average!Some of this usage may be related to work.However，much of it is because many apps—particularly social media apps—use "clever techniques" to keep us coming back for more.
    One of such techniques is to push notifications.You're getting on with your work or something else When—ping!—a notification pops up on your screen，informing you that a friend has posted something new or commented on your post.It may seem like a small interruption，but it often is enough to break your concentration and make you go back to your phone again.
    Another method is to make a game of the in-app experience by setting up a competitive goal element.Some apps，for example，uses streaks（连续纪录），which count the number of days you have used the app.If you keep a streak going，you might get a medal or some other rewards.Therefore，keeping one's streak alive becomes a major reason to return to the app again and again.
    Once you've opened an app，its goal is now to get you continue using it.Messaging apps use a simple but effective trick to keep you engaged even when you're not writing anything.Have you ever noticed that in some apps，three dots （…） appear to let you know your friend is typing a reply？This trick is designed specifically to create your expectation or curiosity.You wonder what your friend is going to say.Well，you'll have to keep waiting and see.
    While using social media apps is certainly fun，becoming addicted definitely isn't.Now that you know some tricks used by these apps' designers，you'll be better equipped to reduce their influence and keep a healthier relationship with your phone.

（1）What does the underlined word "reveal" in Paragraph 1 probably mean？        ?
A.Encourage.
B.Predict.
C.Prevent.
D.Show.
（2）What is special about an app using streaks？        ?
A.Ongoing pings will inform you of new posts.
B.Competitive games will greatly discourage you.
C.Everyday use of the app might earn you a medal.
D.Appearance of three dots might disturb your typing.
（3）There are        "clever techniques" mentioned in the passage.
A.two
B.three
C.four
D.five
（4）What is the best title for the text？        ?
A.The Tricks That Keep You Glued to Your Phone.
B.Can People Break Their Addition to Games？
C.Could Technology Further Improve Phones？
D.The Social Media Apps That Waste Your Time.

共享时间:2024-02-06 难度:2 相似度:2

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202121. （2022•西安中学•二模） The new radio programme from self-help expert Glennon Doyle unexpectedly disturbed me.In a session of We Can Do Hard Things，she focuses on boundaries and their importance to our mental happiness.I heartily agree with her，because saying a polite but firm "no" is one of the basics for a happy life.I was，however，interested when she raised the idea that perhaps，as well as learning when to confirm our boundaries，we also need to stretch them.When does a boundary become a cage that locks us away？
   Isn't it always the case that just as you think you've got an area of life nailed；somebody comes along to show you that that's not the case？As I listened，I started to see boundaries that might cause more problems than they were solving.
   There was the work boundary that said that unless a project fell exactly into my topics，I wouldn't take it - which meant that I turned down work that was otherwise interesting and rewarding.
   There was the boundary that said I wasn't to buy anything until I'd reached my savings goal - which resulted in me having to restart my laptop 20 times a day.
   And then there was a boundary around relationships that set out exactly how I should be treated and what I wanted in them.Helpful to some extent，it blocked me from allowing someone to express their love for me，even if it wasn't quite what I had predicted.
   Had I been doing boundaries wrong all the time？Did I need to figure them all out again？I've spent the past few weeks looking at the boundaries I've secretly put in place，and I've let myself lower some that have been my protection over the years.Then I've come to the conclusion that，when it comes to boundaries，I'm a beginner again，and that's fine.In fact，being back at the beginning is a blessing because it means there are still lessons to be learned and adventures to be had and that is something for which I can only be grateful.

（1）What has really interested the author in Glennon Doyle's programme？
A．The importance of confirming our boundaries.
B．The benefits of boundaries to our happiness.
C．The urgency of maintaining our boundaries.
D．The necessity of reassessing our boundaries.
（2）What can be concluded as to the author's views on boundaries？
A．We should favour savings goals over boundaries.
B．Boundaries tend to keep us from potential friends.
C．Boundaries are very likely to relieve boredom at work.
D．We should stick to boundaries despite inconvenience.
（3）How did the author feel about boundaries after the adjustments？
A．Relaxed.
B．Depressed.
C．Pressured.
D．Amused.
（4）What is probably the best title for the passage？
A．Just when you think you've got things sorted...
B．Just where you believe there's no way out...
C．How can we live a life without boundaries？
D．How do we become victims of boundaries？

共享时间:2022-03-28 难度:2 相似度:2

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202207. （2022•长安区一中•五模） This is the greatest mystery of our adult life：How can we spend all day typing at a computer and go home feeling exhausted？How could merely activating the small muscles of our fingers leave us worn out at the end of the day？What causes mental fatigue？
   "It is kind of a mystery，to be honest." said Michael Inzlicht，a University of Toronto psychologist who studies self-control，motivation，and fatigue.But scientists do have some clues.There is a hypothesis for why we get so tired from work when we're not physically active.We get so tired because our motivation runs out.As we work on a task，we struggle to focus on it or eventually lose interest in it.We become less motivated to do the task.We become drawn to the things we want to do（browsing social media or reading music blogs，for instance） rather than the things we have to do.
   Researchers in the UK published new evidence that finds some indirect evidence for the motivational model.This study tracked 100 nurses in the UK over two 12-hour shifts.
   Throughout the shifts，the nurses reported how fatigued they felt at regular intervals.They also wore devices that monitored and tracked the amount of physical activity they were engaged in.When the researchers investigated what could possibly explain the fatigue，they found some interesting patterns.Here's the result：There was no connection between the amount of physical work the nurses did and their feelings of fatigue.Instead，they found this small connection：The nurses who were least likely to feel fatigued from their work also felt the most in control of their work，and the most rewarded for it.These feelings may have boosted their motivation，which may have boosted their perception of having energy.
   Inzlicht has also found evidence for the motivational model in his work.A few years ago，he and Carleton University psychologist Marina Milyavskaya monitored 159 students at McGill University in Canada for a week. "What was surprising to us was the biggest predictor of fatigue，not whether they had self-control." Inzlicht said. "Instead，the predictor was the number of temptations they felt." "If you're typing at work，and if you're anything like me，you got a few browsers open.These lead to temptations，" he said. "Temptations make us less motivated to do our work，which，in turn，may make us tired."
   And there may be an evolutionary reason for why our brains would do this. "As an organism，we need to meet multiple goals to survive." Inzlicht explains. "We're not merely focused on finding food or pursuing our passions in life.We need to do all these things to be a healthy，thriving species." Because these multiple goals compete with one another（for our time），we need a mechanism sending signals. "Hey，stop doing that thing and do something else." That mechanism，he suggests，could be fatigue.In this light，boosting our motivation to stay on a task could lead us to feel less fatigued.

（1）Why does the author ask so many questions in the first paragraph？
A．To introduce a common phenomenon.
B．To raise some questions that are appealing.
C．To lead to the theme and attract attention.
D．To show the author's concern of the problem.
（2）The underlined word "fatigue" in the passage could best be replaced by        .
A．excitement
B．tiredness
C．health
D．disability
（3）Which one is the hypothesis for why we are often feel exhausted after one-day work？
A．We are drawn to others things we have to do.
B．Lacking drive to finish a task leads to tiredness.
C．Smaller amount of physical activity makes us more tired.
D．Better self-control can boost one's motivation to work.
（4）Which of the following may Inzlicht agree with？
A．The person with strong self-control can get more reward from work.
B．The one who are less motivated will be exposed to more temptations.
C．While typing，we use little part of our muscle，which is more tiring.
D．Typing with some browsers open will sometimes makes us more tired.

共享时间:2022-05-06 难度:2 相似度:2

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205061. （2022•蓝田县•高一下期末） Hamburgers，French fries，potato chips，popcorn，and pizza.There is no denying these foods are tasty.But often，it's the added salt that makes them so appealing.One result：U.S.kids are eating too much salty fare.
   Table salt is about 40% sodium（钠）.Our bodies need some sodium to work properly.But too much of it is not healthy.
   A recent study by the Centers for Disease Control（CDC）looked at the eating habits of 2，142 children between the ages of 6 and 18.It found that their average sodium intake was 3，256 milligrams per day.That equals nearly 1.5 teaspoons each day，which is 50% more than current guidelines recommend.
   Zerleen Quader is the study's lead author. "Eating too much sodium now can set kids up for health problems later，" she said.
   Much of the sodium that kids eat comes from processed foods.But potato chips and other salty snacks aren't the only culprits.There are other sodium sources - like bread and cold cuts - adding to the salt overload.
   All this added salt can raise blood pressure and，with it，the risk of a heart attack and other health problems.Today，1 in 9 children has raised blood pressure.There's good news though.Lowering salt intake can lower blood pressure.
   That，of course，is easier said than done.The more salty foods you eat，the more you develop a taste for them.The key to changing your diet is to start small. "Small changes in sodium in foods are not usually noticed，" Quader says.Eventually，she adds，the effort will reset a kid's taste buds（味蕾）so the salt desires stop.
   Need a little inspiration？Dietitian Bridget Murphy advises focusing on the immediate effects of a diet that is high in sodium.High blood pressure can make it difficult to be active. "Do you want to be able to think clearly and perform well in school？" she asks. "If you're an athlete，do you want to run faster？" If you answered yes to these questions，then it's time to shake the salt habit.

（1）What did the recent CDC study find？
A．The present advised salt intake is too high.
B．Teenagers have good dietary habits.
C．American kids have too much salt.
D．Proper sodium intake benefits human health.
（2）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word "culprits" in Paragraph 5？
A．Criminals.
B．Results.
C．Types.
D．Surprises.
（3）What is Quader's advice for kids？
A．Eat salt-free foods.
B．Have a low-sodium diet.
C．Keep away from junk food.
D．Take enough exercise regularly.
（4）According to Murphy，a salty diet will probably        .
A．help you have a quick mind
B．increase your running speed
C．make you relatively inactive
D．keep you hungry but spirited

共享时间:2022-07-23 难度:2 相似度:2

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204941. （2022•阎良区•高二下期末） Noise created by humans，such as car traffic，quieted by about 30% between late March and early May，2020，when Governor Greg Abbott closed schools and restaurants across Texas，according to analysis by researchers at Southern Methodist University （SMU）.
   "There was quite a big change in some areas，" said Stephen Arrowsmith，a seismologist at SMU，who took on the project with a class of undergraduate and graduate students.Arrowsmith and his students looked at data from a dozen seismometers （地震仪） across North Texas.Seismometers are used to detect earthquakes，but they are sensitive to just about everything that makes the ground vibrate，such as strong winds，ocean waves，construction and traffic.
   The innovative idea of using seismometers to track urban noise gained popularity last March when Belgian seismologist Thomas Lecocq posted some of his urban noise data from Brussels on Twitter.Lecocq，of the Royal Observatory of Belgium，received such an enthusiastic response from scientists that he launched the group "Lockdown Seismology" online. "It's where bored seismologists around the world are working together，" Arrowsmith joked.
   Arrowsmith hopes his findings will contribute to a growing list of creative ways in which researchers are using seismometers.In his course，Arrowsmith teaches students how seismic stations can help investigators solve crimes，like terrorist bombings，aid scientists in tracking nuclear tests or assist inspectors in investigating accidents，like chemical plant explosions.One potential application of his research is to better understand the shallow layers of Earth beneath cities. "That could be useful in places where there's a real seismic hazard，like San Francisco or Los Angeles，" he said， "where just knowing what that shallow structure is tells you a lot about how it would respond in a big earthquake."

（1）What did the researchers do to obtain the data of noise in Texas？
A．They observed car traffic.
B．They surveyed their students.
C．They consulted the governor.
D．They employed Seismometers.
（2）What is a direct result of Lecocq's posting some of his urban noise data？
A．Urban noise is reduced.
B．Crime investigation is simplified.
C．Seismologists are attracted.
D．Earthquake detection is improved.
（3）What does the underlined word "hazard" in Paragraph 4 refer to？
A．Risk.
B．Spot.
C．Assistance.
D．Report.
（4）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the seismometer？
A．Its possible risks.
B．Its potential applications.
C．Its appeal to the public.
D．Its market value.

共享时间:2022-07-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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202225. （2022•临潼区•一模） It is generally acknowledged that a time-out，a method of checking misbehavior by removing the child from his or her current situation for a few minutes of quiet time，is bad for children's emotional and behavioral health.However，a new study suggests that despite always getting criticized，the common disciplinary（纪律的）strategy isn't linked to harmful effects on children.
   Researchers compared emotional and behavioral health between kids whose parents reported using time-outs and those who didn't over a roughly eight-year period.The result：no difference.There was no association between reported use of time-outs and negative symptoms in later childhood，including anxiety，depression，internalizing or externalizing problems，aggression，rule-breaking behavior，or self-control，according to the findings in Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics（儿科学）.
   "Parents are constantly questioning whether they are doing the right thing for their children.Unfortunately the first place many parents go for advice is the Internet-not a medical provider.There is a lot of conflicting information on the Web that isn't accurate，" says lead author Rachel Knight，PhD，pediatric psychologist at University of Michigan C.S.Mott Children's Hospital. "In fact，they may not be aware that time-out is one of the child discipline strategies currently recommended by American Academy of Pediatrics."
   Further studies are needed to continue evaluating specific claims made against time-outs and both their short-term and long-term effects across different populations and ages.Experts also need to find more effective ways to communicate evidence-based information to parents.
   "As we further our understanding about how different parenting strategies affect children，we need to present findings in an easily digestible and accessible way for the public，" she also says，"Our goal is to clear up misconceptions and promote the use of the highly effective，evidence-based strategies that will best guide parents and families."

（1）What do people generally think of a time-out？
A．It has negative effects on children.
B．It is an ineffective way of punishment.
C．It is a method to assess children's misbehavior.
D．It has nothing to do with harmful effects on children.
（2）What can be inferred from Knight's words in the third paragraph？
A．Most young parents lack medical knowledge.
B．Some information on the Internet needs regulating.
C．She is concerned about the overuse of time-outs.
D．The more time-outs are used，the better children behave.
（3）What is the target of Knight's further research？
A．To recommend some effective strategies to parents.
B．To remove people's misunderstanding about time-outs.
C．To appeal to government to regulate information on the Net.
D．To warn parents of getting evidence-based information from experts.
（4）What's the best title for the text？
A．How Parents Use Time-out Correctly.
B．Time-outs Bad for Children's Behavioral Health.
C．Some Highly Effective Strategies to Guide Parents.
D．Time-outs Not Associated with Negative Effects on Children.

共享时间:2022-03-01 难度:2 相似度:2

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201637. （2025•铁一中学•六模）     Imagine you've been working for hours before a deadline，but you feel like you're getting nowhere.You're starting to feel really anxious.At this point，you might start to blame yourself for having this emotion.Now you have two emotions：feeling anxious about getting work done and feeling frustrated that you are anxious.When the second emotion gets layered on top of the first emotion，you often feel worse and are even less likely to reach your goals.You may now be wondering if it is possible to make the second emotion less likely.（1）       .
    Many people have heard of"mindfulness".It is often associated with doing a meditation（冥想） practice，but its essence is to be more aware and accepting of your present-moment experience.（2）       Acceptance can limit judgmental thoughts and unhelpful secondary emotions.
    Let me explain.Picture yourself in a challenging situation like the scenario described above and you feel anxiety arising.Instead of getting upset at yourself for having this emotion，you bring your awareness to the experience of the emotion and accept it.You might feel that this anxiety is not fun to experience.（3）        With this attitude of acceptance，and stepping away from the tendency to fight against the emotion，you are less likely to get stuck in a loop of judgmental thoughts that might trigger more unwanted emotions.
    （4）        But evidence suggests that it works.That is probably because accepting yourselves，including your emotions，relieves pressure.You stop adding fuel to the emotional fire when you release judgmental thoughts about your emotions.（5）        For instance，you could turn down the volume on the initial emotion，perhaps by seeing the situation from a new perspective or asking someone for support.

A.Thankfully，research suggests that the answer is yes.
B.You can't be productive even when you have more inner space.
C.Then you may question if you are feeling anxious about getting work done.
D.Yet you know you can breathe it through and that it is just a passing emotion.
E.Sometimes the experience includes an unpleasant emotion you don't want to feel.
F.It might sound unreasonable that embracing an unpleasant emotion can be a good thing.
G.You also create more inner space to determine whether you can do something that helps.

共享时间:2025-05-20 难度:2 相似度:2

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dygzyyyn

2025-05-10

高中英语 | 高二下 | 阅读理解

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