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201656. （2025•高新一中•十模） Developing Happiness：Strengthening Your Reward Sensitivity In our busy lives，we often pass up chances for joy.We might skip a birthday party or cancel a lunch date，thinking it's not worth the trouble.But this usually makes us feel even more down later.The secret to changing this is to strengthen"reward sensitivity". （1）
    Reward sensitivity is like a muscle.It can grow stronger with regular practice.When we train ourselves to notice and value positive emotions，we can become happier. （2）       They often struggle to feel pleasure，a condition called anhedonia（unable to experience joy）.A 2023 study showed that therapy focusing on positive emotions helps mental health more than treatments just reducing negative symptoms.
    A great way to strengthen reward sensitivity is to plan a small，fun activity daily. （3）       Describe it in detail，focusing on the feelings and experiences.This practice，known as "savoring（尽情享受），"makes positive feelings stronger and gives you more motivation to seek similar experiences in the future.
    （4）       Instead of simply labeling an experience "good""，use more precise words like "thrilled，""inspired，or"peaceful".Sharing positive moments with others can make these moments even more meaningful，strengthening social bonds and spreading happiness.
    It's important to remember that embracing happiness doesn't mean ignoring pain. （5）       By using these strategies in your daily life，you can cultivate a stronger sense of reward sensitivity and change how you experience and pursue happiness.

A.Afterward，take a moment to recall the experience.
B.It's the ability to find and truly enjoy positive experiences.
C.We often avoid such activities，which make our mood decline.
D.This is especially important for those with depression or anxiety.
E.This practice helps you better understand and enjoy positive feelings.
F.Beyond savoring，expanding your emotional vocabulary can also help.
G.Despite life's challenges，feeling joy helps restore balance and toughness.

共享时间:2025-06-06 难度:2

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日常生活，说明文，

[答案]

BDAGF

[解析]

（1）联系上文题。根据上文The secret to changing this is to strengthen "reward sensitivity".（改变这种状况的秘密是增强"奖励敏感性"）可知，空处需要解释什么是"奖励敏感性"，B选项It's the ability to find and truly enjoy positive experiences."它是发现和真正享受积极体验的能力"符合语境，对"奖励敏感性"进行了明确的定义和解释。故选B。
（2）联系下文题。根据下文They often struggle to feel pleasure，a condition called anhedonia （无法体验快乐）.（他们常常难以感受到快乐，这种状况被称为快感缺失）可知，空处提到的人群可能存在某种心理问题，D选项This is especially important for those with depression or anxiety."这对于那些患有抑郁症或焦虑症的人来说尤为重要"与上文形成衔接，指出了这类人群在奖励敏感性方面的特殊需求。故选D。
（3）联系上文题。根据上文A great way to strengthen reward sensitivity is to plan a small，fun activity daily.（增强奖励敏感性的一个好方法是每天计划一个小而有趣的活动）可知，空处应该描述活动结束后的做法，A选项Afterward，take a moment to recall the experience."之后，花点时间回忆一下这个经历"符合语境，指出了活动结束后应该进行回忆和反思。故选A。
（4）联系下文题。根据下文Instead of simply labeling an experience "good"，use more precise words like "thrilled"， "inspired"，or "peaceful".（不要只是简单地将一次经历标记为"好"，而是使用更精确的词汇，如"激动"、"受到启发"或"平静"。）可知，空处应该提到与情感词汇相关的内容，G选项Despite life's challenges，feeling joy helps restore balance and toughness."除了尽情享受，扩展你的情感词汇也能有所帮助"符合语境，引出了后文关于使用更精确情感词汇的建议。故选G。
（5）联系上文题。根据上文It's important to remember that embracing happiness doesn't mean ignoring pain.（重要的是要记住，拥抱幸福并不意味着忽视痛苦）可知，应该说明尽管生活中有挑战，但感受快乐仍然有其重要意义，F选项Beyond savoring，expanding your emotional vocabulary can also help."尽管生活充满挑战，但感受快乐有助于恢复平衡和坚韧"符合语境，强调了快乐在生活中的积极作用。故选F。

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203862. （2024•长安区•高一上期末）     Do you ever get restless if you haven't checked your phone for a few minutes？If so，you're not alone.Studies reveal that people these days check their phones once every four minutes on average!Some of this usage may be related to work.However，much of it is because many apps—particularly social media apps—use "clever techniques" to keep us coming back for more.
    One of such techniques is to push notifications.You're getting on with your work or something else When—ping!—a notification pops up on your screen，informing you that a friend has posted something new or commented on your post.It may seem like a small interruption，but it often is enough to break your concentration and make you go back to your phone again.
    Another method is to make a game of the in-app experience by setting up a competitive goal element.Some apps，for example，uses streaks（连续纪录），which count the number of days you have used the app.If you keep a streak going，you might get a medal or some other rewards.Therefore，keeping one's streak alive becomes a major reason to return to the app again and again.
    Once you've opened an app，its goal is now to get you continue using it.Messaging apps use a simple but effective trick to keep you engaged even when you're not writing anything.Have you ever noticed that in some apps，three dots （…） appear to let you know your friend is typing a reply？This trick is designed specifically to create your expectation or curiosity.You wonder what your friend is going to say.Well，you'll have to keep waiting and see.
    While using social media apps is certainly fun，becoming addicted definitely isn't.Now that you know some tricks used by these apps' designers，you'll be better equipped to reduce their influence and keep a healthier relationship with your phone.

（1）What does the underlined word "reveal" in Paragraph 1 probably mean？        ?
A.Encourage.
B.Predict.
C.Prevent.
D.Show.
（2）What is special about an app using streaks？        ?
A.Ongoing pings will inform you of new posts.
B.Competitive games will greatly discourage you.
C.Everyday use of the app might earn you a medal.
D.Appearance of three dots might disturb your typing.
（3）There are        "clever techniques" mentioned in the passage.
A.two
B.three
C.four
D.five
（4）What is the best title for the text？        ?
A.The Tricks That Keep You Glued to Your Phone.
B.Can People Break Their Addition to Games？
C.Could Technology Further Improve Phones？
D.The Social Media Apps That Waste Your Time.

共享时间:2024-02-06 难度:2 相似度:2

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201948. （2023•周至县•三模） A smile is the key to a thousand doors，but deploying （有效利用）it in every situation without mastery of its use is dangerous，says a new social science study.
   Scientists say it takes a great many muscles to smile；scientists at Queen's University Belfast in a recent study found that subtle（细微的）differences in the way in which a person smiled had not-so-subtle impacts on the opinions which the test participants had about the smiler. "Smiling at another person does not always lead to trust and cooperation，" said Dr.Stephanie Carpenter from the University of Michigan，a co-author of the study. "Subtle differences in a smile can definitely have a real impact on whether people trust each other and choose to cooperate.In fact，the way you smile in a good or bad situation can impact whether people trust you.
   "Think about movie villains（恶棍），for example in James Bond films，" said Dr.Magdalena Rychlowska from Queen's University，who led the research published in Cognition and Emotion journal. "They often make happy smiles when something bad has happened or is about to happen.This context makes these otherwise happy and normal smiles feel threatening and unpleasant." She adds，"The findings of this study show the power of subtle facial expressions and the positive consequences that an affiliation smile can have in difficult situations.It also highlights the importance of social context-a happy smile that could be read as a signal of trustworthiness in one setting can，but in another setting，it can be seen as the evidence of bad intentions."
   Mastery of the smile then，can be an excellent way of getting out of difficult social situations，while the lack thereof can be an excellent way of getting into one.

（1）Which of the following about smiling is right according to the passage？
A．Deploying smiling is very dangerous in every situation.
B．Subtle difference in smiling has little impact.
C．The way you smile will impact whether you can be trusted.
D．Smiling will always lead to trust and cooperation.
（2）How did the author explain subtle differences in a smile？
A．By using numbers and giving examples.
B．By giving examples and citing scientific proof.
C．By giving examples and making a comparison.
D．By making a comparison and citing scientific proof.
（3）What can be learn from the study of smiling？
A．A happy smile can always be read as a signal of trustworthiness.
B．People always make happy smiles when something bad has happened.
C．Mastering the smile can help you avoid troubles.
D．Subtle facial expressions have positive consequences.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．The advantages of smiling
B．The impact of smiling
C．A trusting smile
D．Subtle differences in smiling

共享时间:2023-04-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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204980. （2022•铁路中学•高二上期末） Making lists is relaxing.It calms you down and it makes you feel good when you cross something off.The more you have to do，the more you need a list.Few people with high-powered jobs get by without them.
   Julie Rose，a manager of a large supermarket，says，"Before I go to bed，I have to write down everything that's going to stop me sleeping.If I write down everything，I feel I won't forget it.So my lists are a great comfort."
   James Oliver，a psychologist，writes a list of things to do and then organizes them into categories（种类）：things that have to be done straight away，other things that it would be good to do today，things that are important but haven't got to be done immediately and things that are less urgent but that he doesn't want to forget.He added，"After that，you should divide things into levels of importance." But he also warns，"If people get too absorbed in making lists，it doesn't work.They have too many categories and lose their ability to decide which is the most important."
   So what are you waiting for？there's no better time than the present to begin to take control of your work and life.So，get out your pencil and pen and make a list.

（1）How will Julie Rose feel if she doesn't make lists before going to bed？
A．uneasy.
B．sad.
C．tired.
D．sorry.
（2）What's James Oliver's ideas on making lists？
A．People should make lists on everything.
B．People need to make a very detailed list before doing things.
C．People should make a list according to his or her own habits.
D．People need to make lists but don't be too dependent on them.
（3）What's best title for the passage？
A．Make life better by making lists
B．Making a list or not
C．Enjoy your life
D．Get out of the bad habits

共享时间:2022-02-07 难度:2 相似度:2

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204941. （2022•阎良区•高二下期末） Noise created by humans，such as car traffic，quieted by about 30% between late March and early May，2020，when Governor Greg Abbott closed schools and restaurants across Texas，according to analysis by researchers at Southern Methodist University （SMU）.
   "There was quite a big change in some areas，" said Stephen Arrowsmith，a seismologist at SMU，who took on the project with a class of undergraduate and graduate students.Arrowsmith and his students looked at data from a dozen seismometers （地震仪） across North Texas.Seismometers are used to detect earthquakes，but they are sensitive to just about everything that makes the ground vibrate，such as strong winds，ocean waves，construction and traffic.
   The innovative idea of using seismometers to track urban noise gained popularity last March when Belgian seismologist Thomas Lecocq posted some of his urban noise data from Brussels on Twitter.Lecocq，of the Royal Observatory of Belgium，received such an enthusiastic response from scientists that he launched the group "Lockdown Seismology" online. "It's where bored seismologists around the world are working together，" Arrowsmith joked.
   Arrowsmith hopes his findings will contribute to a growing list of creative ways in which researchers are using seismometers.In his course，Arrowsmith teaches students how seismic stations can help investigators solve crimes，like terrorist bombings，aid scientists in tracking nuclear tests or assist inspectors in investigating accidents，like chemical plant explosions.One potential application of his research is to better understand the shallow layers of Earth beneath cities. "That could be useful in places where there's a real seismic hazard，like San Francisco or Los Angeles，" he said， "where just knowing what that shallow structure is tells you a lot about how it would respond in a big earthquake."

（1）What did the researchers do to obtain the data of noise in Texas？
A．They observed car traffic.
B．They surveyed their students.
C．They consulted the governor.
D．They employed Seismometers.
（2）What is a direct result of Lecocq's posting some of his urban noise data？
A．Urban noise is reduced.
B．Crime investigation is simplified.
C．Seismologists are attracted.
D．Earthquake detection is improved.
（3）What does the underlined word "hazard" in Paragraph 4 refer to？
A．Risk.
B．Spot.
C．Assistance.
D．Report.
（4）What does the last paragraph mainly talk about concerning the seismometer？
A．Its possible risks.
B．Its potential applications.
C．Its appeal to the public.
D．Its market value.

共享时间:2022-07-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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204690. （2023•西安八十九中•高二上期末）第二节阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
   In China，people in different areas have their own ways to celebrate the Spring Festival.Especially between Northern China and Southern China，there are many differences.（1）       One is about the food on the night before the Spring Festival.In Northern China，people usually eat dumplings during this time.For luck，people may put sugar in dumplings.（2）       People in the south usually eat Niangao or Tangyuan on New Year's Eve.Both foods are also considered to bring a better life.There are many causes.For example.Northern China grows lots of wheat while Southern China grows lots of rice.（3）       People in Northern China usually love food made by wheat.
   （4）       In Northern China，people often put up paper cuttings on windows to wish for happiness of the coming year.In many parts of the south，people no longer put up paper cuttings for the Spring Festival.Instead，they decorate their house with a kumquat（金橘）tree bearing fruit.
   It's true that Northern China and Southern China have differences in celebrating the Spring Festival.（5）       After all，many Chinese are moving from one place to another.When reaching a new place，they also bring their customs there.So now many people in Northern China also-cat Tangyuan.
A.Here are some examples.
B.Many foods are made of rice.
C.The differences bring many bad results.
D.But the differences are gradually disappearing.
E.As a result，people in-Southern China often -prefer-rice.
F.That way，they believe life in the next year.will be"sweet".
G.China's north and south -also have a difference in New Year decorating.

共享时间:2023-02-23 难度:2 相似度:2

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204479. （2023•莲湖区•高一上期末） In January 2020，over a bottle of wine，Tulane University students Franziska Trautmann and Max Steitz were sharing their disappointment about having no glass recycling（回收利用） in New Orleans.They wanted to create a system that would recycle glass into something useful.With that，their grassroots glass recycling organization，Glass Half Full，was born.
   In a period of a global sand shortage，Glass Half Full is creating a way to compete with sand digging and mining，which disturb ecosystems，damage coastlines，and cost millions of dollars.Louisiana，where the organization is based，loses on average a football field of coastal wetlands an hour.Glass Half Full creates sand that，among other things，is used to rebuild coastlines and prevent floods.
   Glass and drink bottles are collected through a system of free drop-off collecting stations and roadside pickup.The glass is pulverized （粉碎），separated and recollected for use in varieties of projects.The sand and glass pieces are used for disaster prevention，coastal rebuild，eco-construction，and new glass products.
   Founders Trautmann and Steitz also hope their project will make people think that they have the power to work to protect the environment as individuals（个人）and as a community.Trautmann said， "We always hear， 'Oh，we can't do anything about global warming.We can't do anything about the environment.It's all the big companies and the government.It's up to them. 'But when you collect glass over one year，you will know individuals can do something.All those little things add up to something much bigger. "
   Glass Half Full's work is supported by a team of volunteers and crowdfunding efforts，making it truly a community effort.A successful one，too—in their very first year，they helped to recycle over 650，000 pounds of glass.

（1）What is the idea behind Glass Half Full？
A．Selling more recyclable glass.
B．Recycling glass into something useful.
C．Founding a grassroots organization.
D．Raising money to protect the environment.
（2）What does the underlined word "disturb" in paragraph 2 mean？
A．Improve.
B．Punish.
C．Break.
D．Repair.
（3）What iown in paragraph 3？
A．The result of glass recycling.
B．The reason for glass recycling.
C．The future of glass recycling.
D．The way of glass recycling.
（4）What can be drawn from Trautmann's words？
A．Individuals can make a difference.
B．Global warming affects governments.
C．Big companies can deal with global warming.
D．We can do nothing about environmental protection.

共享时间:2023-02-13 难度:2 相似度:2

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204395. （2023•铁一中学•高二下期末）     Gardening may be one of the most relaxing hobbies you'll find，with the excitement of seeing something you have planted actually turn into a flower.But if you've been holding back because you don't have a yard，then you' re missing out a lot.（1）
    Container gardening is the most obvious way to plant when you don't have a ton of space.If you can get a container regardless of its size，you can have a garden.（2）       Even a small pot with a brightly colored flower or bushy green plants can give your entryway a pop of color.
    （3）       Grow climbing plants on a fence or the posts over your doorway to decorate the side of your home.Plenty of plants are happy to grow up instead of out，so you can have some greenery without a traditional garden.
    Have an apartment or townhouse？Then consider outdoor window boxes that you access from inside.（4）       And they give you plenty of options to plant bright blooms or fresh herbs within reach—plus they give your home some added appeal at the same time.
    There's probably still one room where you haven't thought of putting some plants：Your bathroom.Even if yours doesn't get much light，a wall-mounted garden can still grow well.（5）       They will give your bathroom a more natural，earthy feel.

A.These require no ground space at all.
B.When plants get enough sunlight，they grow better.
C.If you're really short of space，think height instead.
D.They can add some green to the inside of your home.
E.Bigger pots give you space to grow several different flowers.
F.In fact，there are plenty of easy ways to get the joy of gardening.
G.Plants that do well in shady and wet environments are the best choice.

共享时间:2023-07-10 难度:2 相似度:2

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203640. （2025•西安八十五中•高二上期末）     Whether you consider yourself a foodie or not，food is part of your daily routine.Also，food has a way of bringing people together.It is the focus of celebrations.George Bernard Shaw said it well： "There is no love sincerer than the love of food."
    Many of us have traveled and tasted the world's cuisine while watching Anthony Bourdain's No Reservations or Parts Unknown or the energetic Peter Maneas in hiow My Greek Odyssey.Following in their footsteps，the next best thing is to go on a culture & culinary （烹饪的）vacation.Not only will you get to try mouthwatering dishes，but you'll also get to know more about the local culture and how it influenced the cuisine.
    Local cuisine gives people an identity.Years ago，I was visiting Vienna with a group of friends.And one of them insisted on checking out the only restaurant in town serving Romanian food，just "like at home"．People who identify with traditional dishes from their home countries often come to this kind of restaurant as it feels like their "home away from home".
    Food reflects people's opinions on life.Greeks have strong ties among the community.Mezedes，a collection of small dishes served as appetizers （开胃菜），are shared among the diners.The stories told over tzatziki，spanakopita，and dolmades create lifetime memories.Italians have great respect for their food and often talk about it.They also don't mind spending a lot of time in the kitchen.Family meals are often joyful events with piles of dishes being served during an entire afternoon.
    Food helps you discover other languages.People across the world love to gather around the table.Preparing the foods and eating also spark great conversations.It's the best opportunity to learn how to correctly pronounce foreign language menu items.Knowing the local language will not only help you immerse （沉浸） in the culture but also build a hefty vocabulary!

（1）Why does the author mention George Bernard Shaw in Paragraph 1？
A.To show people's great love of food.
B.To give an introduction to his works.
C.To stress his achievements in drama.
D.To explain the social influence on food.
（2）What does the example in Paragraph 3 imply？
A.Eating habits vary around the world.
B.People take pride in their local food.
C.People prefer foreign food to traditional food.
D.The same food you eat in a different place tastes different.
（3）What is Paragraph 4 mainly about？
A.Food brings neighbors together.
B.Greeks have strict table manners.
C.Food shows people's way of life.
D.Cultural differences affect family meals.
（4）What does the underlined word "hefty" in the last Paragraph probably mean？
A.Scientific.
B.Passive.
C.Limited.
D.Large.

共享时间:2025-02-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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203639. （2025•西安八十五中•高二上期末）     There is one language that is used in every country in the world.The people who use it are young and old，short and tall，thin and fat.It is everybody's second language.It is easy to understand，although you can't hear it.It is sign language.
    When you wave to a friend who is across the street，you are using sign language.When you smile at someone，you're saying， "I want to be friendly"，but you are not using speech.You are using sign language.When you raise your hand in class，you are saying， "Please ask me，I think I know the correct answer."
    Babies who can't talk can point at things.They are using sign language.A policeman who wants to stop traffic holds up his hands，he is using sign language.
    Many years ago，the French priest，Charles Michel de Epee，became interested in education for deaf people.He invented a finger alphabet.It is still in use.People can make the sign for letters and spell words with their hands.And the deaf people can read and understand them.Soon there were schools for the deaf in many countries.The only university for the deaf is Gallaudet College in Washington，D.C.
    Today，in the United States，there are special TV news programs for deaf people.The newsreader tells the news in sign language.At the same time，the words appear on the TV screen.
    The actors in the Theatre of Deaf don't spell every word.Sometimes they use hand signs.When they put two hands together，it means sandwich.They make a roof with their hands when they want to show a house.One finger in front of an actor's mouth can mean quiet.You can talk to people who are behind windows that are closed.And when you go swimming with your friends，you can have conversations under the water.
    How many hand signs do you use every day？

（1）Which of the following about sign language is true？
A.It is a special language used in many countries in the world.
B.It is a way to express one's ideas without words.
C.It is only used by the deaf.
D.It can be heard.
（2）If you want to express the idea "Please ask me，I think I know the correct answer"，what will you do？
A.Raise your hand.
B.Put one hand onto the other.
C.Smile to the person.
D.Make a roof with your hands.
（3）What may be concluded from this passage？
A.There are schools，colleges and universities for the deaf in the USA．
B.The French priest Charles invented sign language.
C.Even babies are using sign language.
D.Sign language is used every day.
（4）What's the best title for this passage？
A.How to Use Sign Language.
B.A Famous Priest in France.
C.An Introduction to Sign Language.
D.The Importance of Sign Language.

共享时间:2025-02-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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205207. （2021•长安区一中•高一上期末） Japanese businessman Katsuo Inoue chose Italy for his summer vacation this year.He enjoyed the views of Florence and Rome---without ever leaving Japan.
   Inoue and his wife "flew" to Italy on First Airlines，a company known for entertainment，not transportation.The Tokyo-based new company entered the fast growing online tourism early this year as many countries have stopped accepting foreign tourists.
   "I often go to other countries on business，but I haven't been to Italy，" Inoue said. "My impression was really good because I got a sense of actually seeing things there.First Airlines even gave us life jackets and oxygen masks（氧气罩）！"
   The "passengers" on First Airlines sit in the first - or business-class areas of an airplane model.Workers serve meals and drinks as large screenow passing clouds and other views outside the airplane.The "travelers" then receive glasses that provide virtual reality tours of places like Paris，New York，Hawaii and Rome.
   The country's biggest airline，ANA Holdings，said that the numbers of passengers flying to foreign countries fell by 96 percent since June when Japan stopped most travel in and out of the country.The International Air Transport Association （IAIA） and The International Tourism Association （ITA） said last month that international travels wouldn't be able to recover until 2024.But they said the online travels have been growing very fast.
   The president，Hiroaki Abe，said，"Since we started our online tour this year，our business has been increasing by 50 percent each month.Most of our customers usually travel to other countries every year and they can now experience some of that here when they are unable to go to the real attractions."

（1）What can we learn about First Airlines？
A．It provides transportation to tourists.
B．It is an Italy-based company.
C．It has been in business for many years.
D．It is a new online tourism company.
（2）What does Katsuo Inoue think of his tour？
A．It is very cool.
B．It is boring.
C．It is dangerous.
D．It is frightening.
（3）Why has online tourism been growing very fast this year？
A．Customers can have more choices.
B．It is able to provide much better services.
C．It is much cheaper than the traditional travels.
D．People cannot actually travel around this year.
（4）What does the underlined word "we" in the last paragraph refer to？
A．IATA.
B．ITA.
C．First Airlines.
D．ANA Holdings.

共享时间:2021-02-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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203596. （2025•交大附中•高一上期末）     When "irregardless" was included in Merriam-Webster dictionary，it caused wide disagreements. "Irregardless"has been in widespread and near-constant use since 1795，when a newspaper called The Charleston City Gazelle of Charleston Ga first used it."We do not make the English language，and we merely record it，"the dictionary's staff wrote in"Words of the Week".
    "The word's definition，when we read it，would seem to be without regard.However，Merriam-Webster defines 'irregardless' as 'nonstandard' but meaning the same as 'regardless.' According to Merriam-Webster， 'Many people find "irregardless" to be a ridiculous word，as the ir-prefix usually indicates a negative meaning；however，in this case，it appears to make the meaning of "regardless" stronger.'"
    "It's not a real word.I don't care what the dictionary says."responds author Michelle Ray，who teaches English in Silver Spring，Md.And she saye's still planning to mark"irregardless"as incorrect on her students' work.
    An American newspaper the Baltimore Sun published the word in editor John Melntyre's commentary on Saturday："Irregardless' is too a word；you just don't understand dictionaries.People get upset about the dictionary because they think it is some sort of official document.But actually，it's not.It's just lexicographers identifying words that people use and trying to find out how they are spelled，how they are pronounced，what meanings they have and where they came from."
    "The dictionary's recognition doesn't enroll a word as correct in the English language，"McIntyre says."It just says this is a word that a lot of people use in English.And here's what we know about it."So it's a word，but its use is still discouraged in formal writing.

（1）What's the function of the first paragraph？
A.To criticize the use of "irregardless".
B.To introduce the topic.
C.To make a definition of "irregardless".
D.To give an example.
（2）What can we learn from the passage？
A. "Irregardless"had been in widespread and near-constant use before 1975.
B.The dictionary's staff rarely record the English language.
C.Michelle Ray thinks the use of"irregardless" formal but incorrect.
D.People are still not encouraged to use"irregardless"in formal writing.
（3）What is the attitude of McIntyre to the appearance of "irregardless"in Merriam-Webster dictionary？
A.Favorable.
B.Conservative.
C.Indifferent.
D.Ambiguous.
（4）Which of the following sentences best summarizes the main idea of the passage？
A."Irregardless"is frequently used in formal writing.
B."Irregardless"shouldn't be included in the dictionary.
C.Regardless of what you think，"irregardless"is a word.
D.Experts can't agree on the meaning of "irregardless".

共享时间:2025-02-26 难度:2 相似度:2

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202043. （2022•西安中学•四模） Boredom is such a large part of day-to-day existence.Perhaps because it's common in our lives，scientists have been slow to explore it.John Eastwood is one of the first scholars to take an interest.
   One of the most common false views is that "only boring people get bored".
   Yet as Eastwood set about exploring the reasons for boredom，he found that there are two distinct types of personality that tend to suffer from the feeling of boredom，and neither are particularly dull themselves.
   Boredom often goes among people who are constantly looking for new experiences.For these people，the steady path of life just isn't enough to hold their attention.The second kind of bored people have almost exactly the opposite problem：the world is a fearful place，and so they try not to step outside their comfort zone.While this might offer some comfort，they are not always satisfied with the safety it offers and boredom results.
   Emotionould evolve for our benefit. "The very fact that boredom is a daily experience suggests it should be doing something useful，" says Heather Lench at Texas A&M University.Feelings like fear help us avoid danger，after all，while sadness might help prevent future mistakes.So，if true，what does boredom achieve？
   Reviewing the evidence so far，Lench suspects that it lies behind one of our most important characters---curiosity.Boredom，she says，pushes us to try to seek new goals or explore new ideas which stimulate innovation（激发创新）.
   Eastwood is less enthusiastic about boredom's benefits，but admits we should be cautious about looking for an immediate escape. "The feeling is so disgusting that people rush to remove it， " he says." I'm not going to join that war on boredom and come up with a cure，because we need to listen to the emotion and ask what it is trying to tell us to do. "

（1）What does John Eastwood's study mainly focus on？
A．Why people get bored.
B．The benefits of boredom.
C．How to deal with boredom.
D．The types of boredom.
（2）According to Lench，boredom        .
A．would help us avoid mistakes
B．cannot be cured for the moment
C．might be good for our creativity
D．could make us get tired and lose focus
（3）What's Eastwood's attitude towards finding a cure for boredom？
A．Curious.
B．Optimistic.
C．Objective.
D．Uninterested.
（4）What message can be concluded from the text？
A．Easier said than done.
B．Hard work never killed a man.
C．Practice makes perfect.
D．Every coin has two sides.

共享时间:2022-04-19 难度:2 相似度:2

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202121. （2022•西安中学•二模） The new radio programme from self-help expert Glennon Doyle unexpectedly disturbed me.In a session of We Can Do Hard Things，she focuses on boundaries and their importance to our mental happiness.I heartily agree with her，because saying a polite but firm "no" is one of the basics for a happy life.I was，however，interested when she raised the idea that perhaps，as well as learning when to confirm our boundaries，we also need to stretch them.When does a boundary become a cage that locks us away？
   Isn't it always the case that just as you think you've got an area of life nailed；somebody comes along to show you that that's not the case？As I listened，I started to see boundaries that might cause more problems than they were solving.
   There was the work boundary that said that unless a project fell exactly into my topics，I wouldn't take it - which meant that I turned down work that was otherwise interesting and rewarding.
   There was the boundary that said I wasn't to buy anything until I'd reached my savings goal - which resulted in me having to restart my laptop 20 times a day.
   And then there was a boundary around relationships that set out exactly how I should be treated and what I wanted in them.Helpful to some extent，it blocked me from allowing someone to express their love for me，even if it wasn't quite what I had predicted.
   Had I been doing boundaries wrong all the time？Did I need to figure them all out again？I've spent the past few weeks looking at the boundaries I've secretly put in place，and I've let myself lower some that have been my protection over the years.Then I've come to the conclusion that，when it comes to boundaries，I'm a beginner again，and that's fine.In fact，being back at the beginning is a blessing because it means there are still lessons to be learned and adventures to be had and that is something for which I can only be grateful.

（1）What has really interested the author in Glennon Doyle's programme？
A．The importance of confirming our boundaries.
B．The benefits of boundaries to our happiness.
C．The urgency of maintaining our boundaries.
D．The necessity of reassessing our boundaries.
（2）What can be concluded as to the author's views on boundaries？
A．We should favour savings goals over boundaries.
B．Boundaries tend to keep us from potential friends.
C．Boundaries are very likely to relieve boredom at work.
D．We should stick to boundaries despite inconvenience.
（3）How did the author feel about boundaries after the adjustments？
A．Relaxed.
B．Depressed.
C．Pressured.
D．Amused.
（4）What is probably the best title for the passage？
A．Just when you think you've got things sorted...
B．Just where you believe there's no way out...
C．How can we live a life without boundaries？
D．How do we become victims of boundaries？

共享时间:2022-03-28 难度:2 相似度:2

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202207. （2022•长安区一中•五模） This is the greatest mystery of our adult life：How can we spend all day typing at a computer and go home feeling exhausted？How could merely activating the small muscles of our fingers leave us worn out at the end of the day？What causes mental fatigue？
   "It is kind of a mystery，to be honest." said Michael Inzlicht，a University of Toronto psychologist who studies self-control，motivation，and fatigue.But scientists do have some clues.There is a hypothesis for why we get so tired from work when we're not physically active.We get so tired because our motivation runs out.As we work on a task，we struggle to focus on it or eventually lose interest in it.We become less motivated to do the task.We become drawn to the things we want to do（browsing social media or reading music blogs，for instance） rather than the things we have to do.
   Researchers in the UK published new evidence that finds some indirect evidence for the motivational model.This study tracked 100 nurses in the UK over two 12-hour shifts.
   Throughout the shifts，the nurses reported how fatigued they felt at regular intervals.They also wore devices that monitored and tracked the amount of physical activity they were engaged in.When the researchers investigated what could possibly explain the fatigue，they found some interesting patterns.Here's the result：There was no connection between the amount of physical work the nurses did and their feelings of fatigue.Instead，they found this small connection：The nurses who were least likely to feel fatigued from their work also felt the most in control of their work，and the most rewarded for it.These feelings may have boosted their motivation，which may have boosted their perception of having energy.
   Inzlicht has also found evidence for the motivational model in his work.A few years ago，he and Carleton University psychologist Marina Milyavskaya monitored 159 students at McGill University in Canada for a week. "What was surprising to us was the biggest predictor of fatigue，not whether they had self-control." Inzlicht said. "Instead，the predictor was the number of temptations they felt." "If you're typing at work，and if you're anything like me，you got a few browsers open.These lead to temptations，" he said. "Temptations make us less motivated to do our work，which，in turn，may make us tired."
   And there may be an evolutionary reason for why our brains would do this. "As an organism，we need to meet multiple goals to survive." Inzlicht explains. "We're not merely focused on finding food or pursuing our passions in life.We need to do all these things to be a healthy，thriving species." Because these multiple goals compete with one another（for our time），we need a mechanism sending signals. "Hey，stop doing that thing and do something else." That mechanism，he suggests，could be fatigue.In this light，boosting our motivation to stay on a task could lead us to feel less fatigued.

（1）Why does the author ask so many questions in the first paragraph？
A．To introduce a common phenomenon.
B．To raise some questions that are appealing.
C．To lead to the theme and attract attention.
D．To show the author's concern of the problem.
（2）The underlined word "fatigue" in the passage could best be replaced by        .
A．excitement
B．tiredness
C．health
D．disability
（3）Which one is the hypothesis for why we are often feel exhausted after one-day work？
A．We are drawn to others things we have to do.
B．Lacking drive to finish a task leads to tiredness.
C．Smaller amount of physical activity makes us more tired.
D．Better self-control can boost one's motivation to work.
（4）Which of the following may Inzlicht agree with？
A．The person with strong self-control can get more reward from work.
B．The one who are less motivated will be exposed to more temptations.
C．While typing，we use little part of our muscle，which is more tiring.
D．Typing with some browsers open will sometimes makes us more tired.

共享时间:2022-05-06 难度:2 相似度:2

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202225. （2022•临潼区•一模） It is generally acknowledged that a time-out，a method of checking misbehavior by removing the child from his or her current situation for a few minutes of quiet time，is bad for children's emotional and behavioral health.However，a new study suggests that despite always getting criticized，the common disciplinary（纪律的）strategy isn't linked to harmful effects on children.
   Researchers compared emotional and behavioral health between kids whose parents reported using time-outs and those who didn't over a roughly eight-year period.The result：no difference.There was no association between reported use of time-outs and negative symptoms in later childhood，including anxiety，depression，internalizing or externalizing problems，aggression，rule-breaking behavior，or self-control，according to the findings in Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics（儿科学）.
   "Parents are constantly questioning whether they are doing the right thing for their children.Unfortunately the first place many parents go for advice is the Internet-not a medical provider.There is a lot of conflicting information on the Web that isn't accurate，" says lead author Rachel Knight，PhD，pediatric psychologist at University of Michigan C.S.Mott Children's Hospital. "In fact，they may not be aware that time-out is one of the child discipline strategies currently recommended by American Academy of Pediatrics."
   Further studies are needed to continue evaluating specific claims made against time-outs and both their short-term and long-term effects across different populations and ages.Experts also need to find more effective ways to communicate evidence-based information to parents.
   "As we further our understanding about how different parenting strategies affect children，we need to present findings in an easily digestible and accessible way for the public，" she also says，"Our goal is to clear up misconceptions and promote the use of the highly effective，evidence-based strategies that will best guide parents and families."

（1）What do people generally think of a time-out？
A．It has negative effects on children.
B．It is an ineffective way of punishment.
C．It is a method to assess children's misbehavior.
D．It has nothing to do with harmful effects on children.
（2）What can be inferred from Knight's words in the third paragraph？
A．Most young parents lack medical knowledge.
B．Some information on the Internet needs regulating.
C．She is concerned about the overuse of time-outs.
D．The more time-outs are used，the better children behave.
（3）What is the target of Knight's further research？
A．To recommend some effective strategies to parents.
B．To remove people's misunderstanding about time-outs.
C．To appeal to government to regulate information on the Net.
D．To warn parents of getting evidence-based information from experts.
（4）What's the best title for the text？
A．How Parents Use Time-out Correctly.
B．Time-outs Bad for Children's Behavioral Health.
C．Some Highly Effective Strategies to Guide Parents.
D．Time-outs Not Associated with Negative Effects on Children.

共享时间:2022-03-01 难度:2 相似度:2

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2025-06-06

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