[解析]
（1）C..细节理解题。根据第一段中的Teenagers from low﹣income families in particular are more likely than their middle﹣class peers（同龄人）to do less well in schoolwork and to dropout of school（尤其是来自低收入家庭的青少年，比他们的中产阶级同龄人更有可能在学业上做得不好并辍学）可知来自低收入家庭青少年比中产阶级的同龄人更有可能学业没那么好，更可能辍学，故选C.
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段中的Researchers asked 183 sixth﹣graders about how optimistic and motivated they were about their schoolwork，and how they experienced their fathers' warmth（研究人员询问了183名六年级学生，询问他们对学业的乐观和积极性，以及他们如何感受父亲的温暖）；以及第三段中提到的Their findings show how fathers can support their teenagers in ways that result in greater optimism and higher achievement at school（他们的研究结果表明，父亲如何支持他们的青少年，从而使他们在学校取得更大的乐观和更高的成就）可知新的研究主要关注父亲的参与对孩子积极的影响，故选D.
（3）B.细节理解题。根据第四段中的These positive effects extend to both sons and daughters，although in different ways（这些积极的影响延伸到儿子和女儿，尽管方式不同）可知父亲的温暖带来的积极影响以不同的方式影响着女孩和男孩，故选B.
（4）A.词句猜测题。根据划线词前一句话提到Experiencing their fathers' warmth first influences daughters' sense of optimism（感受父亲的温暖首先会影响女儿的乐观情绪）说明父亲的温暖首先会影响女儿的乐观情绪；then表示顺承关系；划线词后提到…into their feeling…然后这种温暖进入到他们的情感中；由此可以猜测spill over意为"渗透，蔓延"，结合选项A.Spreads 扩展，蔓延；B.Changes改变；C.Bursts爆发；D.Checks核查，故选A.
Most kids grow up learning they cannot draw on the walls.But it might be time to unlearn that training-this summer，a group of culture addicts，artists and community organizers are inviting New Yorkers to write all over the walls of an old house on Governors Island.
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