[解析]
(1)B.细节理解题。根据原文第一段Far from cutting language classes,schools should be demanding them for all students.Studying a foreign language should be required in middle schools.(学校不应该取消语言课程,而应该要求所有学生都上语言课程。中学应该要求学习一门外语。)因此可知,作者认为学习一门外语应该是中学的必修课。故选B。
(2)D.推理判断题。根据原文第二段第三句 Specifically,multilingual people have better executive (执行的) function than people who speak only one language.(具体来说,会多种语言的人比只会一种语言的人有更好的执行功能。)因此可知,作者认为会说不止一种语言的人有更好的执行能力。故选D。
(3)D.推理判断题。根据原文第四段全段Of course,in order to make better use of the advantages of foreign language study,middle school foreign language classes should not just make students memorize new words and sounds. (当然,为了更好地利用外语学习的优势,中学外语课不应该只是让学生记忆新单词和新发音。)以及文章第五段第一句 They must also teach students about new cultures.(他们还必须教学生新文化。)可得知,第四段提出了中学外语课不应该只是让学生记忆新单词和新声音,第五段就给出了新的建议,因此可知第四段的目的是引出下文所提的建议。故选D。
(4)A.文章结构题。根据原文第一段最后一句Studying a foreign language should be required in middle schools.(他们还必须教学生新文化。)第二段第一句 Language study strengthens students' minds.(语言学习能增强学生的心智。)第三段第一句Moreover,language study helps prepare students for their future careers.(此外,语言学习有助于学生为他们未来的职业生涯做准备。)第四段第一句 Of course,in order to make better use of the advantages of foreign language study,middle school foreign language classes should not just make students memorize new words and sounds.(当然,为了更好地利用外语学习的优势,中学外语课不应该只是让学生记忆生词和读音。)第五段第一句They must also teach students about new cultures.(他们还必须教学生新文化。)以及最后一段全段Requiring middle schoolers to study a foreign language offers them opportunities to sharpen their brains.It also gives them tools that will help them become productive members of today's global society.(要求中学生学习一门外语为他们提供了磨砺大脑的机会。它还为他们提供了工具,帮助他们成为当今全球社会中富有成效的成员。)可知,文章首先提出了论点:中学生必须学习外语(I),然后阐述了学习外语的好处(P1),分别论述两个方面(Sp1)(Sp2)。接着论述了学习外语的其他要求:教学生新文化(P2),最后总结了全文(C)。故选A。