首页 > 试题列表 > 单题解析

204278. （2023•阎良区•高二下期末） Nobel prize winners，well-known authors，and famous scientists- you might think all these people were born to be creative.However，that's not always the case.
   While well-known figures like Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein did their most significant work in their youth，famous American poet Robert Frost and English-born natural scientist Charles Darwin were known as "late bloomers"- people whose talents were not noticeable until later in life.
   This idea of "peaking" at different times inspired new research from the United States. "Many people believe that creativity is exclusively（独有地） associated with youth，but it really depends on what kind of creativity you' re talking about，" said Bruce Weinburg，a professor of economics at the University of Chicago and co-author of the study.
   According to the .study，published earlier this month in the journal De Economist，there are two types of people：conceptual（概念的） and experimental thinkers.
   To reach this conclusion，researchers took the 31 previous winners of the Nobel Prize in economics and arranged them according to when they did their most significant work，to identify their creative peaks.
   Some peaked from ages 25-29.Classified as conceptual thinkers，these people think outside of the box，coming up with new ideas before they become used to the conventional way of doing things.
   The second creative peak came with economists in their 50s.These are experimental thinkers who have been in their fields for a long time.This allows them to learn from errors and experiment with different processes，before eventually finding new solutions.
   "Whether you hit your creative peak early or late in your career depends on whether you have a conceptual or experimental approach，" said Weinburg.He added that their study isn't limited to economics，saying it can apply to other creative subjects.So if you're struggling to come up with new ideas，don't panic.Your creative peak may be yet to arrive.

（1）What does the author indicate by mentioning Robert Frost in paragraph 2？
A．Some people stand out in their later life.
B．Robert Frost is a famous natural scientist.
C．It's better to be late bloomers in literature.
D．Creativity makes a difference to success.
（2）How did the researchers draw the conclusion：there are two types of creative people？
A．By referring to some data.
B．By doing some experiments.
C．By interviewing some creative people.
D．By adopting the means of logic reasoning.
（3）What can we learn about conceptual thinkers？
A．They owe their success to life experience.
B．They adopt common scientific approaches.
C．They follow a new pattern of thinking.
D．They learn from errors and experiments.
（4）What does Weinburg probably agree with？
A．Creative peaks never come for some.
B．The older，the less likely to succeed.
C．Most people prefer conceptual thinking.
D．Great creativity can arrive at different stages.

共享时间:2023-07-14 难度:2

纠错

下载

相似

组卷

[考点]

学习，说明文，

[答案]

ADCD

[解析]

（1）推理判断题。根据第二段While well﹣known figures like Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein did their most significant work in their youth，famous American poet Robert Frost and English﹣born natural scientist Charles Darwin were known as "late bloomers"﹣ people whose talents were not noticeable until later in life.（毕加索和爱因斯坦等著名人物在年轻时就完成了他们最重要的工作，而美国著名诗人罗伯特•弗罗斯特和英国出生的自然科学家查尔斯•达尔文则被称为"大器晚成者"﹣﹣他们的才华直到晚年才被发现）可推知，美国著名诗人罗伯特•弗罗斯特在第二段中被提到是为了表明有些人在晚年展示了他们的天赋。故选A项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段To reach this conclusion，researchers took the 31 previous winners of the Nobel Prize in economics and arranged them according to when they did their most significant work，to identify their creative peaks.（为了得出这一结论，研究人员选取了31位前诺贝尔经济学奖得主，并根据他们最重要工作的时间对他们进行了排列，以确定他们的创造力高峰）可推知，研究人员是采用逻辑推理的方法得出这个结论的：有两种有创造力的人。故选D项。
（3）细节理解题。根据第六段Some peaked from ages 25﹣29.Classified as conceptual thinkers，these people think outside of the box，coming up with new ideas before they become used to the conventional way of doing things.（有些人在25﹣29岁达到顶峰。这些人被归类为概念性思考者，他们会跳出思维定式，在习惯传统的做事方式之前就会想出新点子）可知，我们能从概念性思考者身上得知他们通常很年轻，能跳出固有的思维模式，从而遵循一种新的思维模式。故选C项。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段中He added that their study isn't limited to economics，saying it can apply to other creative subjects.So if you're struggling to come up with new ideas，don't panic.Your creative peak may be yet to arrive.（他补充说，他们的研究不仅限于经济学，还可以应用于其他创造性学科。所以，如果你正在努力想出新点子，不要惊慌。你的创造力巅峰可能还未到来）可知，温伯格可能同意的是伟大的创造力可以在不同的阶段出现。故选D项。

[点评]

本题考查了"学习，说明文，"，属于"易错题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

转载声明：

本题解析属于发布者收集录入，如涉及版权请向平台申诉！！版权申诉

相似题 全部同步专题复习模拟真题联考专练月考周考期中期末单元寒假暑假副题

204556. （2023•鄠邑区•高一上期末）     You may not like it，but learning English is absolutely necessary if you want to succeed abroad.Not just that，you have to show your knowledge of the English language on one of the two major English proficiency（精通） tests：the IELTS or the TOEFL.
   Which test you should take depends on your goal.The TOEFL remains the top exam in the U.S.But the IELTS is gaining ground in the U.S.and it has already been the preferred test in the U.K.and Australia.There are also differences in the test themselves.They both measure the four main language requirements：speaking，reading，writing and listening.However，the tests are very different in their forms and methodology. "Compared with the TOEFL，the IELTS test requires you to actually have a grasp of the language and ability to use it，rather than simply being well prepared for the test，" explained IELTS examiner Julian Fisher.
   The key reasons for this are that the IELTS test requires fill-in answers besides multiple choice（选择题），and its speaking section is done with a real examiner instead of a computer. "The face-to-face interview with a trained speaker of English allows for real-life communication，which shows real academic（学业的） and workplace situations， " said senior exam marketing officer Pang Shuai.
   What scores do I need？For the IELTS，a band score of 5 to 7 is fine for the majority of undergraduate and post-graduate programs.For top schools，you will probably need at least a 7.When it comes to the TOEFL ，there is a range.It all depends on the colleges.Ordinary schools will let you get by with a score as low as 60.For a top-tier university，on the other hand，you will need to score upward of 100 points on your TOEFL.

（1）What does Paragraph 2 suggest？
A．The TOEFL score is preferred in Australian universities.
B．Universities in the U.K.mainly see students' IELTS scores.
C．The IELTS is more widely accepted than the TOEFL by US.School.
D．In the U.S.，the TOEFL score is not as important as it once was.
（2）Which of the following is a difference between the TOEFL and the IELTS？
A．There are no fill-in answers in the TOEFL tests.
B．The IELTS tests focus more on test-taking skills.
C．The IELTS interviews test-takers on the computer.
D．The TOEFL checks four English skills，while the IELTS doesn't.
（3）What does Pang Shuai think of the face-to-face interview？
A．More examould take this exam form.
B．It is helpful in one's studies and at work.
C．This exam form can make test-takers more relaxed.
D．A test-taker can score high simply by preparing well.
（4）Which of the following is correct if you want to go to a top university in the U.K.or U.S.？
A．A 7 on the IELTS is probably a must.
B．A score of 60 on the TOEFL is enough.
C．You should take both the TOEFL and the IELTS.
D．You need a 7.5 on the IELTS for post-graduate programs.

共享时间:2023-02-27 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

203842. （2024•周至六中•高一上期末）     As you probably know，learning a foreign language is sometimes challenging.But it can also be fun.Learning to speak a second language opens doors to new opportunities，helps you to communicate with others and makes travelling overseas more satisfactory.
    It might come as a surprise that the number of teenagers learning foreign languages in UK secondary schools has dropped by 45% since the turn of the millennium.Another survey of secondary schools suggests a third of students have dropped at least one language from their GCSE exam options.There are some reasons for this，including many students' opinion that languages are difficult.Others have questioned the need for a second language when translation technology is advancing.
    Matthew Fell，chief UK policy director for business group the CBI，believes that "The decline in language learning in schools must be reversed，or else the UK will be less competitive globally and young people less prepared for the modern world."
    Some native English speakers have admitted the benefits of speaking another tongue.Cassandra Scott，from Edinburgh，studied three languages in her final year at school.She is now a freelance translator in Edinburgh，and says "Learning languages at school really set the course for my career."

（1）How does the author show the fact that fewer people have learned foreign languages？
A.By offering background information.
B.By giving specific examples.
C.By analyzing underlying reasons.
D.By showing personal research.
（2）What does the underlined word "reversed" in paragraph 3 mean？
A.Developed rapidly.
B.Pushed quickly.
C.Changed completely.
D.Maintained properly.
（3）What can we learn from the passage？
A.A fulfilling overseas travel requires another foreign language.
B.Learning languages at school may contribute to one's future career.
C.Native English speakers benefit more from speaking another tongue.
D.With the translation technology，there's no need to learn foreign languages.
（4）What's the purpose of the passage？
A.To criticize people's ignorance of foreign languages.
B.To stress the significance of learning foreign languages.
C.To state the result of dropping learning foreign languages.
D.To raise people's awareness of protecting native languages.

共享时间:2024-02-28 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

206073. （2016•七十中•高二下期末） No one can change the weather．Nobody can control the weather．But if we read correctly the signs around us，we can tell what the more important changes in the weather will be．This way of telling what the weather will be like on the following day or two is called weather forecasting．
For many centuries and in all countries，people have studied the weather and tried to make weather forecasting．Rings around the sun are a sign of coming rain．That many people feel their joints（关节） hurt is a sign of wet weather．Some birds fly high if the weather is fine，but they fly near the ground if rainy or stormy weather is on the way．If you see a rainbow during rainy weather，this is a sign that the weather will become clear and fine．Such rainbows come in the evening．If the stars twinkle clearly at night，then fine weather will continue．If a fog appears in the morning just above a river，then the day will be warm．If the sunset is mostly red in color，then the following day will be fine．If a rainbow appears in the morning，rainy weather will probably come．
Most of the above sayings have been made by the people who have used their eyes and brains to make weather forecasting．
（1）Which is true about weather forecasting？
A．Weather forecasting is a way of telling what the weather will be like．
B．Weather forecasting is a report about the weather．
C．Weather forecasting is a sign of coming rain．
D．People can change the weather forecasting．
（2）Which of the following can be used here to replace the underlined phrase"on the way"？
A．continuing
B．reducing．
C．coming．
D．disappearing．
（3）Which of the following signs can tell the weather will probably be rainy？
A．Some birds fly high．
B．A rainbow appears in the morning．
C．The sunset is mostly red in color．
D．Fogs appear in the morning just above a river．
（4）The best title of the passage is       ．
A．Weather forecasting plays an important role in our life
B．Weather forecasting can bring people some signs of weather
C．Weather is forecasted only by eyes and brains．
D．People can predict weather by experience in daily life．

共享时间:2016-07-21 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

204961. （2022•阎良区•高二上期末） What makes a human being？Is it our thoughts？Our emotions？Our behavior？All of these things make us who we are，but at the center of the matter is the genome（基因组）-the genes inside our bodies that may determine everything from our hair colour to our intelligence.But if we could change our genome，what would it mean to us？
   In an online video posted on Nov 26，He Jiankui，a biological researcher from Southern University of Science and Technology in China，said that he had helped to make the world's first genetically edited babies.
   These are twin girls，born in November，with genes edited in an attempt to help them fight against possible future infection with the AIDS virus.
   He said that he chose to do this because HIV infections are a big problem in China. "I feel such a strong responsibility that it's not just to make a first，but also to set an example，" he told the Associated Press（AP）.
   The announcement has caused an international storm.Some believe that success will benefit the families of HIV patients.Considering that HIV is "a major and growing public health threat，" attempted gene editing for HIV is justifiable，Harvard Medical School genetics professor George Church told AP.
   However，others think that gene editing technology is still unsafe to attempt.
   "Gene editing itself is experimental and is still associated with unexpected mutations（突变），causing genetic problems early and later in life，including the development of cancer，" Julian Savuleseu，a specialist in ethics at the University of Oxford，told BBC News.
   Others fear that this could open the door to using gene editing technology to make designer babies.It might give the parents the choices to choose everything from their baby's eye color to intelligence.
   "You could find wealthy parents buying the latest upgrades for their children，leading to even greater inequality than we already live with，" Marcy Darnovsky，director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics，told BBC News.

（1）Why did He Jiankui make the genetically edited babies？
A．Because he wanted to be a leader in gene editing technology.
B．Because he tried to do his part in fighting against HIV infection.
C．Because he attempted to help the twin girls who were infected with AIDS.
D．Because he wanted to become the first to make the genetically edited babies in the world.
（2）What does the underlined word "justifiable" in Paragraph 5 probably mean？
A．Absurd.
B．Hopeless.
C．Skilful.
D．Acceptable.
（3）For those who are against gene editing technology，their reasons are as follows EXCEPT        .
A．Gene editing can determine everything inside a person's body
B．Gene editing may widen the gap between the rich and the poor
C．Gene editing may enable wealthy parents to design their babies
D．Gene editing can cause genetic problems sooner or later in life
（4）Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？
A．Gene Editing：The Genie in the Bottle.
B．Gene Editing：The Way We Should Go.
C．Gene Editing：Hope or Fear for Human Beings.
D．Gene Editing：A Great Success in Human History.

共享时间:2022-02-10 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

203516. （2015•西工大附中•八模） Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful？This might be called laziness，but Dr．Kleitman has a new explanation．He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle．
   During the hours when you labour through your work，you may say that you're"hot"．That's true．The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak．For some people that peak comes during the forenoon．For others it comes in the afternoon or evening．No one has discovered why this is so，but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语）as"Get up，John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening．Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has．
   You can't change your energy cycle，but you can make your life fit it better．Habit can help．Dr．Kleitman believes．Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway．Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to．If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day，rise before your usual hour．This won't change your cycle，but you'll get up energy and work better at your low point．
   Get off to a slow start which saves your energy．Get up with a yawn and stretch．Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor．Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before．Whenever possible，do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours．

（1）If you want to work better at your low point in the morning，you should       ．
A．change your energy cycle
B．overcome your laziness
C．get up earlier than usual
D．go to bed earlier
（2）You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will       ．
A．help to keep your energy for the day's work
B．help you to control your temper early in the day
C．enable you to get your energy on your routine work
D．keep your energy cycle under control all day
（3）What's the best title of the passage？
A．Change Your Habits
B．Save Your Energy
C．Daily Energy Cycle
D．Temperature-and-Energy Peak
（4）The text is likely to be selected from a book of       ．
A．fashion
B．geography
C．environment
D．Science

共享时间:2015-06-19 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

204497. （2023•蓝田县•高二下期末） Fast walkers may live longer than dawdlers （缓慢的人）— regardless of their weight，a new study suggests.
    Researchers at Leicester University analyzed data on 474，919 people with an average age of 52 in the UK Biobank between 2006 and 2016.They found women who walked briskly had a life expectancy of 86.7 to 87.8 years old，and men who kept up the pace had a life expectancy of 85.2 to 86.8.Slow walkers hadn't much encouraging prospects （前景）：women had a life expectancy of 72.4，and men of 64.8 years old，if they were more leisurely in their movements.According to the paper，published last week，that ratio held true even if the fast walkers were severely overweight.It does not necessarily mean fast walkers will live longer.Experts say it suggests walking speed could be a simple way for doctors to judge their patients' general health alongside other tests.
   It is hardly the first study holding up walking speed as a powerful evidence that appears to improve and determine our health.
   In 2011，the Journal of the American Medical Association （JAMA） published a study by Stephanie Studenski，who found the same：walking speed was a reliable predictor of life expectancy.
   In 2013，US researchers found walking pace was linked to lower heart disease risk and longer life expectancy.In 2018，a study from the University of Sydney found picking up your walking pace to even an "average speed" could cut your risk of premature death by a fifth.
   And Tom Yates，the physical activity professor at Leicester who's behind the latest study，has been publishing findings on this connection for years.
   In 2017，he analyzed the same UK Biobank data and found walking speed appeared to affect the risk of dying from heart disease — concluding that the slowest walkers were twice as likely to suffer a heart-related death compared to quick walkers.

（1）What does the underlined word "briskly" in paragraph 2 probably mean？
A．Casually.
B．Quickly.
C．Actively.
D．Energetically.
（2）What does the paper published last week show？
A．Most fast walkers are overweight.
B．Fast walkers have a simple way of living.
C．Walking speed can help doctors know about their patients' general health.
D．Doctors will surely have better ways to cure their patients of their illness.
（3）What did US researchers find？
A．Walking slowly is bad for people's health.
B．Walking speed can predict a person's life expectancy.
C．People won't die early by increasing their walking pace.
D．Lower heart disease risk is determined partly by walking pace.
（4）What's the best title for the text？
A．Fast Walkers May Have a Long Life Expectancy
B．Life Expectancy Is Determined by Exercise
C．Researchers Try to Improve Life Expectancy
D．The Public Doubt Researches on Walking Speed

共享时间:2023-07-05 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

204904. （2022•雁塔二中•高二下期末） California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor（因素）.
   The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds.No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
   Many factors contributed to the decline，said Patrick McIntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.Woodcutters targeted big trees.Housing development pushed into the woods.Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）.
   But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
   The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things as rainfall，air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt （融雪）.
   Since the 1930s，McIntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B．The increasing variety of California big trees.
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California.
（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees？
A．Ecological studies of forests.
B．Banning woodcutting.
C．Limiting housing development.
D．Fire control measures.
（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre？
A．Inadequate snowmelt.
B．A longer dry season.
C．A warmer climate.
D．Dampness of the air.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．California's Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone？
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests？
D．Patrick McIntyre：Grow More Big Trees in California

共享时间:2022-07-14 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202388. （2021•西安中学•十模） Researchers at the University of Maryland have turned ordinary sheets of wood into transparent material that is nearly as clear as glass，but stronger and with better insulating properties（隔热性）.It could become an energy efficient building material in the future.
   Wood is made of two basic ingredients：cellulose，which are tiny fibres，and lignin （木质素），which is a glue-like material that bonds the fibres together to give it strength.The lignin also contains molecules called chromophores，which give the wood its brown color and prevent light from passing through.
   Early attempts to make transparent wood involved removing the lignin，but this involved harmful chemicals，high temperatures and a lot of time，making the product expensive and somewhat fragile.The new technique is so cheap and easy that it could literally be done in a backyard.
   Starting with pieces of wood a meter long and one millimeter thick，the scientists simply brushed on a solution（溶液）of hydrogen peroxide using an ordinary paint brush.When left in the sun，or under a UV lamp for an hour or so，the peroxide remove color from the brown chromophores but left the lignin undamaged，so the wood turned white.Next，they filled the wood with a tough transparent epoxy，which filled in the spaces in the wood and then hardened.This made the white wood transparent.
   As window material，it would be much more resistant to accidental breakage.The clear wood is lighter than glass，with better insulating properties，which is important because windows are a major source of heat loss in buildings.It also might take less energy to produce clear wood because there are no high temperatures involved.
   Transparent wood could become an alternative to glass in energy efficient buildings，or perhaps coverings for solar panels in harsh environments.There could be no end of uses.

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A．The classification of wood strength.
B．The characteristics of wood.
C．The causes of wood color.
D．The structure of wood.
（2）How did the researchers make wood transparent in the past？
A．By removing the lignin.
B．By reducing chemicals.
C．By lowering the temperature.
D．By changing the experiment site.
（3）What is the function of the epoxy？
A．To make the wood stronger.
B．To take away the brown color.
C．To turn the wood transparent.
D．To fill the spaces in the wood.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A．Replacing Glass with Wood
B．Turning Wood Transparent
C．Energy Saving Material
D．Eco-friendly Alternative

共享时间:2021-07-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202368. （2021•西安中学•四模） Sure，chocolate is a delicious treat，and it's a staple of some of our favorite desserts.But it's not a health food，so it should be enjoyed in moderation-right？
   Well，it turns out that eating chocolate might actually have a pretty significant health benefit.According to research conducted by five scientists in Italy，compounds found in chocolate，called flavanols，can help boost cognitive （认知的） performance.Yup，chocolate's good for your brain.
   The scientists，studying at the Universities of Rome and L'Aquila，summarized research from ten different studies.The studies assessed people's performance on cognitive tests before and after eating cocoa or chocolate.The results were pretty telling：in nine out of the ten studies，there was a noticeable improvement after the subjects had eaten the chocolate.The scientists found improvements in "general cognition，attention，processing speed and working memory." Sounds pretty good to us!
   And that's not all.In subjects，especially women，who performed the tests while sleep-deprived，the flavanols helped relieve the negative effects of the sleep deprivation.And there's even more good news.The researchers also found that eating chocolate daily （over periods ranging from five days to three months） produced noticeable long-term improvements in cognition.Older adults，whose memories were already declining，saw an especially significant improvement.
   All chocolate has flavanols，since they occur naturally in cocoa.However，dark chocolate lovers feel happy，because it has more flavanols than any other type of chocolate.In fact，the scientists themselves have claimed that，after doing this research，they've started eating dark chocolate every day!
   Now，we're not saying you should start eating chocolate for breakfast，lunch and dinner - it's still high in sugar and low in nutrients.But next time you find yourself yawning after a sleepless night，snack on some chocolate and let the flavanols work their magic.

（1）What does the underlined phrase in Paragraph 1 probably mean？
A．As much as possible.
B．For three meals.
C．In right amount.
D．Not in the least
（2）How does a student perform while learning after eating chocolate？
A．He memorizes less than before.
B．He can't concentrate on lessons in the slightest.
C．He becomes more excited.
D．He understands what the teacher says faster.
（3）According to the passage，if your memory fails，what should you do？
A．Eat chocolate as three meals.
B．Use chocolate as a daily snack.
C．Hunt for dark chocolate.
D．Ask a doctor for advice.
（4）What's the main idea of the passage？
A．Chocolate is a beneficial but unhealthy food.
B．Eating chocolate benefits our learning.
C．Eating chocolate works on your sleep.
D．Chocolate contains low nutrients.

共享时间:2021-04-22 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

204942. （2022•阎良区•高二下期末） Alcohol was the leading risk factor for disease and premature death in men and women between the ages of 15 and 49 worldwide in 2016，accounting for nearly one in ten deaths，according to a study published in The Lancet in 2018. "It has been known for decades that heavy drinking is bad for brain health，" said Sadie Boniface，head of research at the UK's Institute of Alcohol Studies.While there is no such thing as a "safe" level of drinking，with increased consumption of alcohol associated with poorer brain health，according to a recent study.
   In the observational study，researchers from the University of Oxford studied the relationship between the self-reported alcohol intake of some 25，000 people in the UK，and their brain scans.The researchers noted that drinking had an effect on the brain's gray matter—regions in the brain that make up "important bits where information is processed，" according to lead author Anya Topiwala，a senior clinical researcher at Oxford.
   "The more people drank，the less the volume of their gray matter，" Topiwala said via email. "Brain volume reduces with age and more severely with dementia （痴呆）.Smaller brain volume also predicts worse performance on memory testing，" she explained. "While alcohol only made a small contribution to this （0.8%），it was a greater contribution than other 'changeable' risk factors，" she said，explaining that changeable risk factors are "ones you can do something about，in contrast to aging."
   The team also investigated whether certain drinking patterns，beverage types and other health conditions made a difference to the impact of alcohol on brain health.They found that there was no "safe" level of drinking—meaning that consuming any amount of alcohol was worse than not drinking it.They also found no evidence that the type of drink—such as wine，spirits or beer—affected the harm done to the brain.
   However，certain characteristics，such as high blood pressure or obesity，could put people at higher risk，researchers added.So we shouldn't forget alcohol affects all parts of the body and there are multiple health risks.

（1）How was the observational study developed？
A．By comparing brain and health.
B．By comparing people and the researchers.
C．By comparing information and gray matter.
D．By comparing alcohol intake and brain scans.
（2）What is the result of the research？
A．Drinking wine have no impact on brain.
B．Drinking spirits have more impact on brain.
C．Drinking alcohol can cause reducing of brain volume.
D．Drinking alcohol can lead to obesity.
（3）Which of the following groups has a higher risk when drinking alcohol？
A．People drinking more types.
B．People with high blood pressure.
C．People selling the wine.
D．People with diabetes.
（4）What can be the best title for the passage？
A．Stay Away From Alcohol.
B．Lack of Sleep.
C．Consumer Health.
D．Keep-fit Exercise.

共享时间:2022-07-12 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

204422. （2023•铁一中学•高二上期末） As the climate warms，birds are shrinking and their wingspans are growing，according to a new study.Researchers analyzed 70，716 birds from 52 kinds of North American migratory（迁徙的）bird species collected over 40 years.The authors say the study is the largest of its kind and that the findings are important to understanding how animals will adapt to climate change.
   "We found almost all of the species were getting smaller." said lead author Brian Weeks，an assistant professor at the University of Michigan.
   "The species were pretty diverse，but responding in a similar wav." he said. "The consistency waocking."
   He said studies of animal responses to climate change often focus on shifts in geographical range or timing of life events，like migration and birth.But this study suggests body morphology（形态）is a crucial third aspect.
   "That's one major implication，" he said， "It's hard to understand how birds will adapt without taking all three of these things into consideration."
   The findingowed that from 1978 to 2016，the length of the birds' lower leg bone shortened by 2.4%.Over the same time，the wings lengthened by 1.3%.
   The evidence suggests warming temperatures caused the decrease in body size，which in turn caused the increase in wing length.
   "Migration is an incredibly taxing thing they do，" Mr.Weeks said，explaining that the smaller body size means less energy available for the birds to complete their long journeys.
   He says the birds most likely to survive migration were the ones with longer wingspans and smaller bodies.
   The scientists aren't exactly sure why warmer temperatures cause birds to shrink.One theory is that smaller animals are better at cooling off，losing body heat more quickly.

（1）What's the best title for the text？
A．All of the Birds Are Getting Smaller
B．Animals Are Adapting to Climate Change
C．Climate Change Is Causing Birds to Shrink
D．Scientists Are Finding Causes of Warm Climate
（2）What made Brian Weeks feel astonished？
A．It took 40 years to collect 70，716 birds from North America.
B．Many birds are shrinking when responding to the climate change.
C．All migratory bird species were collected to do the important research.
D．So many researchers take part in the largest study to work out the findings.
（3）What does the underlined word "taxing" most probably mean？
A．Tiring.
B．Important
C．Easy.
D．Pleasant
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．The migratory birds aren't big.
B．The temperatures will be higher.
C．The scientists will go on further study.
D．The smaller animals will surely live longer.

共享时间:2023-02-10 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202282. （2022•西工大附中•七模） Innovation has pretty much finished with car tires （轮胎） right，I mean，what's left to change？How about the whole "air" part？
   Michelin Company's attempt to tackle tire rubbish around the world witnessed them roll out puncture-proof "airless" tires，which they say should help reduce the 18% of all world tires that are abandoned early due to punctures （轮胎漏气）.Deserted tires are a huge worldwide waste problem—the U.S.produces 260 million abandoned tires per year，many of which end up in landfills or on the sides of the freeway where they release harmful gases and micro-plastic pollutants as they break down.
   Michelin Company's Unique Puncture Proof Tire System or "UPTIS" is designed using 46% recycled material，and made from a plastic matrix （母体） mixed with glass fibers that provide a flexible outer layer with a strong inner one. "The truly distinctive structure of the Michelin UPTIS prototype（原型），or its "strangeness" as we have often heard it called，really attracted the eye of many visitors and left a lasting impression on them，" stated Cyrille Roget，Michelin Group Technical and Scientific Communications Director. "It was an unusual experience for us，and our greatest satisfaction came at the end of the demonstration when our passengers，who were undoubtedly a little alert（警觉）at first，said they felt no difference compared with conventional tires."
   Michelin Company believes airless tires will improve everyone's lives.Maintenance （保养） costs for company's vehicle fleets will be less expensive，and inexperienced car owners won't accidentally ruin their rubbers when driving them because they are over-or under-inflated（充气）.Although they are still in development stage and using at a large scale within years is unlikely to be available，Michelin Company is not in the least doubtful about their tires' future.

（1）Why does the author ask questions in the first paragraph？
A．To explain a strange phenomenon.
B．To clarify a difficult concept.
C．To present a well-known fact.
D．To introduce a new topic.
（2）What is the main idea of the second paragraph？
A．The new tire runs more smoothly.
B．The world greatly needs airless tires.
C．Traditional tires threaten the environment.
D．Michelin Company battles the issue of wasted tires.
（3）What do we know about "UPTIS"？
A．Its structure distances visitors.
B．It only uses recycled materials.
C．It combines plastic and glass fibers.
D．Its comfortableness beats ordinary tires.
（4）What's Michelin Company's attitude towards their new tires？
A．Tolerant.
B．Positive.
C．Mixed.
D．Objective.

共享时间:2022-06-09 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202281. （2022•西工大附中•七模） It is not easy to excite New Yorkers or keep them going easy on things around.This is one reason why actors and other famous people move to the city.They can live quieter lives and escape the paparazzi photographers who would follow them in Hollywood.
   But New York has a new media star.And this star is not living so quietly.The star is a colorful Mandarin duck.The bird first appeared this month in a small body of water in Manhattan's Central Park.Large crowds have gathered to see the duck.Reporters have been following its every move.The media attention on the duck has earned the name "quackarazzi" – a word combination of paparazzi and the sound a duck makes!
   The duck has chosen to live in a costly part of New York -- just off Fifth Avenue，near the historic Plaza Hotel.There，hundreds of people turn up every day，hoping to see the bird show off its extremely colorful feathers.Many people like the duck because its colors are like "sunsets，" says New Yorker Joe Amato.He comes to the park nearly every day with his camera equipment.Bird lovers have been keeping record of the bird's daily life through social media postings and videos.People have noted how effortlessly the duck moves through the water.
   This week，New York's newest celebrity seemed to enjoy its fame，showing off its wings while members of the "quackarazzi" pushed each other to get a closer look.Leesa Beckmann traveled over two hours from her home in New Jersey to see the duck.She says her 90-year-old mother has been talking all about the duck since its first appearance.
   "I've got to see this...duck，" Beckmann told her mother.She plans to take pictures and give them to her mother.
   Bird expert Paul Sweet heads a large collection of bird species at the New York-based American Museum of Natural History.He says there is nothing special about a Mandarin duck in Central Park.Central Park Zoo has its own Mandarin duck，he says.These ducks are often imported to the United States from Asia for use on private property.
   "A lot of non-birders tend to see （colorful） birds as more beautiful，" Sweet said， "But to me，it's no more beautiful than，say，a sparrow."

（1）From the passage we can know
A．New Yorkers are always excited about new things.
B．A super star is giving a performance in Manhattan's Central Park.
C．Bird lovers are interested in recording the life of the new "guest".
D．Everyone agrees Mandarin duck is a new species.
（2）Many New Yorkers like the bird for the reason that         .
A．It's famous in Hollywood films.
B．It has a beautiful color and likes to show its wings.
C．They can take lots of pictures and sell for money.
D．They are lucky and precious.
（3）Paul Sweet may agree that        .
A．His mother will surely like the pictures of the birds.
B． "Quackarazzi" is a good name for the duck.
C．New Yorkers need to protect the new species.
D．Mandarin duck can be brought into America from other countries for use.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title？
A．Colorful Mandarin Duck Excites New Yorkers
B．Come and Meet Mandarin duck in Central Park
C．Mandarin Duck in Central Park---A Rare Species
D．A Most Beautiful Bird

共享时间:2022-06-09 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202244. （2022•临潼区•二模） The World Health Organization says the widespread use of sugar in food products and drinks is a major concern in many areas.So WHO officials are calling on governments to require taxes on sugary drinks in an effort to limit their usage and popularity.The officials believe the taxes also would reduce the risk of health problems resulting from obesity.
   Obesity is a condition in which the body stores large，unhealthy amounts of fat.Obese individuals are considered overweight.A new report says that in 2014 more than one-third of the adults in the world were overweight，and 500 million were considered obese.The United Nations agency estimates that in 2015，42 million children under age 5 were either overweight or obese.It says that number represents an increase of about 11 million during the past 15 years.Almost half of these boys and girls live in Asia and one-fourth in Africa.
   The U.N.agency blames unhealthy diets for a rise in diabetes cases.There are 422 million cases of the disease worldwide.Who says 1.5 million people die from it every year.It says the use of sugar in food products，like sugary drinks，is a major reason for the increase in rates of obesity and diabetes.
   Temo waqanivalu is with the agency's Department for the Prevention on Non-Communicable Diseases：He told VOA that taxing sugary drinks would reduce consumption and save lives.Waqanivalu noted that Mexico enacted a law of a 10 percent tax on sugary drinks in 2014.He said by the end of the year，there was a 6 percent drop in the consumption of such drinks.Among poor people，the number of people who consumed sugary drinks dropped by 17 percent.
   The WHO says people should limit the amount of sugar they consume.It says they should keep their sugar intake to below 10 percent of their total energy needs，and reduce it to less than 5 percent for improved health.

（1）Why are taxes on sugary drinks required？
A．To warn people to change their life style.
B．To readjust the economic structure.
C．To limit their use and popularity.
D．To ensure the market's diverse development.
（2）What do the figures in the second paragraph suggest？
A．Obesity is a severe worldwide problem.
B．Adult obesity is ignored at present.
C．Obesity can block economic development.
D．Obesity is most serious in developed countries.
（3）What does the underlined word "enacted" mean in the passage？
A．Abolished.
B．Passed.
C．Promised.
D．Reduced.
（4）What does the example of Mexico prove？
A．Tax policies are unfair to the poor.
B．Taxing sugary drinks makes a difference.
C．The poor consume more sugary drinks.
D．Sugary drinks are a threat to health.

共享时间:2022-03-18 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202520. （2021•西安中学•二模） Researchers studied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey，organized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention （CDC） in the United States and looked at the relationship between cups of coffee drunk per day and both total body fat percentage and abdominal or trunk fat.
   They found that women aged 20---40 who drank two or three cups of coffee per day had the lowest level of obesity，3.4% lower than people who did not consume coffee.Among women aged between 45-69，those who drank four or more cups had an obesity percentage 4.1% lower.
   Overall，the average total body fat percentage was 2.8% lower among women of all ages who drank two or three cups of coffee per day.
   The findings were consistent whether the coffee consumed was caffeinated（含咖啡因的）or decaffinated and among smokers/non-smokers and those suffering from chronic diseases（慢性病） when compared to those in good health.
   In men，the relationship was less significant although men aged 20-44 who drank two or three cups per day had 1.3% less total fat and 1.8% less trunk fat than those who didn't consume coffee.
   Around 7 million tons of coffee is consumed globally every year.Dr.Lee Smith，senior author of the study，said： "Our research suggests that there may be active compounds in coffee other than caffeine that manage weight and which could potentially be used as anti-obesity compounds."
   "It could be possible that coffee，or its effective ingredients could be integrated into a healthy diet strategy to reduce the burden of chronic conditions related to the obesity，" Dr.Lee Smith added. "It's important to interpret the findings of this study in light of its limitations - the study was at a specific point in time so trends cannot be established.However，we don't believe that someone's weight is likely to influence their coffee consumption."

（1）What can be inferred from the text？
A．Coffee has less effect on men than women in fat according to the findings.
B．The women aged 20-44 like to drink two or three cups of coffee per day.
C．The researchers found that the coffee consumers preferred caffeinated coffee.
D．Trends will be established to limit people's weight by their coffee consumption.
（2）What in coffee mainly influences body fat according to Dr.Lee Smith？
A．The caffeine.
B．The decaffeinated.
C．The effective compounds.
D．The rich nutrition.
（3）What might the study be used for？
A．Developing a new coffee.
B．The treatment of obesity.
C．The treatment of heart disease.
D．The study of physical differences between the sexes.
（4）Where is this text most likely from？
A．A diary.
B．A guidebook.
C．A novel.
D．A magazine.

共享时间:2021-03-16 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

dygzyyyn

2023-07-14

高中英语 | 高二下 | 阅读理解

下载量
浏览量
收益额

相关试卷 更多>>

2022-2023学年陕西省西安市阎良区高二（下）期末英语试卷

更新:2023-07-14 02:52浏览量:3

普通登录

手机登录

微信扫码立即登录