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220524. （2015•七十中•高一上一月） It's a fact that we all dream．Some dreams seem to last for hours，others only for seconds．Some of us have strange dreams，some have interesting dreams，and some of us have unpleasant dreams．Tests in the 1980owed that these dreams occur within 90-minute cycles，each cycle made up of six stages．In the last stage people experience rapid eye movement，known as REM，and it is in this stage that dreaming takes place．Eighty percent of people who were woken during this sixth stage could easily remember their dreams．On the other hand，when during the first five stages （NREM），only seven percent could describe a dream．
However，of these same people woken during the first five stages，74% were able to remember thinking activity，although they would not call it a dream．NerysDee，who has written about dreams in a book called"Your Dreams and What They Mean"says："Perhaps during NREM sleep we are sorting out our outer mundane problems，but in REM sleep we are dealing with inside matters．"She also makes the following statement about 90-minute cycle：It may also prove the reason why insomniacs who wake in the middle of the night find it impossible to get to sleep again for at least an hour and a half．In other words，until they have missed out one complete 90-minute sleep period．

（1）Which of the following statements about dreams is TRUE？
A．Everyone dreams but very few can recall what they dream．
B．Some people have long dreams and others have very short ones．
C．People can only remember unpleasant dreams．
D．More than eighty percent of people can remember their dreams．
（2）According to the tests in the 1980s，dreaming takes place        ．
A．between each 90-minute cycle
B．at any time during 90-minute cycles
C．during the first five stages of 90-minute cycles
D．in the last stage of 90-minute cycles
（3）People woken during REM sleep can
A．hardly remember their dreams
B．easily remember their dreams
C．only remember their dreams
D．partly remember their thinking activity
（4）"Insomniacs"are persons who
A．can always remember their dreams
B．have trouble getting into sleep at night
C．experience rapid eye movement
D．usually wake after each 90-minute sleep period．

共享时间:2015-10-21 难度:3

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科技，科普知识，说明文，

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[解析]

（1）B．细节理解题．根据第一段"It's a fact that we all dream．Some dreams seem to last for hours，others only for seconds．"可知，有的梦持续很长时间，有的却很短暂．故选B．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据第一段"these dreams occur within 90﹣minute cycles，each cycle made up of six stages．In the last stage people experience rapid eye movement，known as REM，and it is in this stage that dreaming takes place．"可知，梦以90分钟为一个循环，每个循环分为六个阶段，做梦发生在第六个阶段，故选D．
（3）B．细节理解题．根据第一段"In the last stage people experience rapid eye movement，known as REM，…Eighty percent of people who were woken during this sixth stage could easily remember their dreams．"可知，在第六阶段即快速眼动阶段醒来的话，很容易记得梦境，故选B．
（4）B．词汇猜测题．根据"who wake in the middle of the night find it impossible to get to sleep again for at least an hour and a half．"可知，划线词指的是夜里醒来以后很难再次入睡，这个状态持续一个半小时，故选B．

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本题考查了"科技，科普知识，说明文，"，属于"典型题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

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201903. （2024•长安区•一模）     When wind blows through a bigleaf maple （大叶枫），paper-thin，wing-like seeds called samaras gently spin towards the ground.The fruit's tissue allows the wind to guide it further away from the tree.Inspired by the seeds，researchers designed a tiny，winged microchip，no larger than a grain of sand，that is powerful enough to monitor environmental pollution and airborne disease.
    Called the microflier，the microchip has no motor to push it forward in the air but instead was designed to catch the wind.To perfect the microchip's flying capability and shape，scientists took inspiration from the forms of various airborne seeds.The research team improved various designs until the microfliers flew slowly and more steadily than nature's samara seeds.The slower falling rate allows the microchip to keep flying for longer，which gives it more time to collect data and monitor air pollutants and airborne diseases.
    To perfect the microflier's flight，researchers took inspiration from children's pop-up books to create the three-dimensional wings.Usually，electronic microchips are flat，two-dimensional objects，but something flat won't take flight.To make the 3-D shape，John.
A．Rogers and his team built a stretched rubber base that the microchip rests on.The wings pop into flight mode when the rubber base is relaxed.
    The chip gathers data with sensors across its surface that can sense and monitor pH levels，test for heavy metals or chemicals，and track air pollution.An antenna （天线） on the microflier then sends all the collected data to a computer or phone.Rogers and his team are planning to test out the electronic chips soon by dropping thousands of the chips in a field.The microfliers will change color depending on the number of heavy metals present in the field where they land.A drone will then fly over the area and take photos of the microflier's colors，allowing researchers to map out the pollutants.
    Rogers and his team also designed the microchips to break down over time to prevent environmental pollution.

（1）What is the winged microchip designed to do？
A．Guide seeds from the tree.
B．Prevent airborne diseases.
C．Keep track of air qualities.
D．Catch the wind to fly away.
（2）What do paragraph 2 and 3 focus on？
A．Where researchers draw inspiration.
B．How the microflier has improved.
C．What the microchip does for humans.
D．Why the microflier flies more stably.
（3）What do the researchers do with the microflier in the future？
A．Drop chips in the field.
B．Monitor the soil color.
C．Map out air pollutants.
D．Handle soil pollution.
（4）Which of the following would be a suitable title for the text？
A．Winged microchips for monitoring environment
B．Microflier：A flying device of spreading seeds
C．Drone：A photographer of microflier's colors
D．Electronic chips for finding airborne diseases

共享时间:2024-03-07 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201789. （2024•西安中学•五模）     Research has found that using wood for construction instead of concrete and steel can reduce emissions.But Tim Searchinger at Princeton University says many of these studies are based on the false foundation that harvesting wood is carbon neutral （碳中和）. "Only a small percentage of the wood gets into a timber （木料） product，and a part of that gets into a timber product that can replace concrete and steel in a building，" he says.Efficiencies vary in different countries，but large amounts of a harvested tree are left to be divided into parts，used in short-lived products like paper or burned for energy，all of which generate emissions.
    In a report for the World Resources Institute，Searchinger and his colleagues have modelled how using more wood for construction would affect emissions between 2010 and 2050，accounting for the emissions from harvesting the wood.They considered various types of forests and parts of wood going towards construction.They also factored in the emissions savings from replacing concrete and steel.
    Under some circumstances，the researchers found significant emissions reductions.But each case required what they considered an unrealistically high portion of the wood going towards construction，as well as rapid growth only seen in warmer places，like Brazil.In general，they found a large increase in global demand for wood would probably lead to rising emissions for decades.Accounting for emissions in this way，the researchers reported in a related paper that increasing forest harvests between 2010 and 2050 would add emissions equal to roughly 10 percent of total annual emissions.
    Ali Amiri at Aalto University in Finland says the report's conclusions about emissions from rising demand are probably correct，but the story is different for wood we already harvest. "Boosting the efficiency of current harvests and using more wood for longer lived purposes than paper would cut emissions，" he says. "We cannot just say we should stop using wood."

（1）What is wrong with previous researches according to Searchinger？
A．They got wrong statistics.
B．They used an incorrect concept.
C．They included too many factors.
D．They were applied in limited countries.
（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about？
A．The process of the new research.
B．The background of the new study.
C．The challenge of the new research.
D．The achievements of the new study.
（3）When will the emissions drop off greatly according to the new study？
A．When wood grows slowly.
B．When wood is used to make paper.
C．When wood is used to build a house.
D．When wood is harvested in countries like Brazil.
（4）What is Ali Amiri's attitude toward the new result？
A．Favorable.
B．Doubtful.
C．Critical.
D．Objective.

共享时间:2024-05-08 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201673. （2024•师大附中•八模）     Lately，it's felt like technological change has entered an incredible speed.Companies like OpenAI and Google have unveiled new Artificial Intelligence systems with incredible capabilities，making what once seemed like science fiction an everyday reality.It's an era that is raising big，existential questions for us all，about everything from the future of human existence to the future of human work.
    "Things are changing so fast，"says Erik Brynjolfsson，a leading，technology-focused economist based at Stanford University.As he notes，this new wave of technological change looks like it could be pretty different.Unlike before，experienced and skilled workers benefited mostly from AI technology.In this new wave，it's the less experienced and less skilled workers who benefit the most."And that might be helpful in terms of closing some of the inequality that previous technologies actually promoted，" Brynjolfsson says.So one benefit of intelligence machines is-maybe-they will improve the know-how and smarts of low performers，thereby reducing inequality.
    But it's also possible that Al could lower the profit of the experienced，smart，or knowledgeable ones.AI could reduce inequality by bringing the bottom up，and it could also reduce inequality by bringing the top and middle down.
    Of course，as Erik put，it's also possible that Al could end up increasing inequality even more.For one，it could make the Big AI companies，which own these powerful new systems，wildly rich.It could also empower business owners to replace more and more workers with intelligent machines.And it could kill jobs for all but the best of the best in various industries，who keep their jobs because maybe they're superstars or because maybe they have seniority.
    The effects of AI，of course，are still very much being studied and these systems are evolving fast，so this is just an assumption.This machine intelligence could upend much of the previous thinking on which kinds of jobs will be affected by automation.

（1）What do the underlined words "the know-how and smarts" mean in paragraph 2？
A．Experience and intelligence.
B．Skills and potential.
C．Capacity and experience.
D．Outlook and talents.
（2）Who will gain more in this new AI era？
A．The senior with high rank.
B．The inexperienced with low competence.
C．The learned with great credit.
D．The poor with practical skills.
（3）Which statement will Erik probably agree with？
A．The fast development of AI will promote the division of inequality.
B．AI Giants will be the dominator in the future world of new AI systems.
C．The best of all walks of life will survive the competition against AI systems.
D．Lower rank workers with little knowledge are bound to be abandoned by employers.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A．The Fast Growth of the Artificial Intelligence
B．The Influence of the AI Inequality
C．The Impact of the Artificial Intelligence
D．The Future of the AI Generation

共享时间:2024-06-19 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201865. （2024•西安一中•三模）     Fossils （化石），the preserved remains of ancient life，serve as windows into the Earth's rich history.The formation of the fossils is a wonderful journey that unfolds over vast stretches of time，catching good views of the diversity of life that once lived on our planet.
    The journey often starts with the death of an organism in a specific environment.Whether it's a plant，animal or microscopic organisms，the key factor lies in whether the remains are quickly buried.This initial step is critical to protect the organism from its enemies and environmental factors that could lead to breakdown.
    As the remains are buried，they experience layers of sediment （沉积层）.Over time，more layers gather，pressing the lower sediments.This process，known as sedimentation，plays a crucial role in preserving the remains by creating a protective environment that protects them from being destroyed.
    Mineralization is also a key period in the fossilization process.It involves the infiltration （过滤） of minerals into the organic tissues of the buried remains.Groundwater，rich in minerals moves through these layers.The minerals replace the original organic material，transforming the remains into rock-like forms.
    Sometimes，fossilization goes beyond mineralization to a process called petrification.Petrified fossils occur when the organic material is entirely replaced by minerals，often resulting in a good copy of the original organism.This transformation can preserve complex details，such as the skeletal features of animals.For softer organisms or parts like leaves or feathers，the fossilization process involves pressure.Under the weight of sediments，these delicate structures flatten but leave behind detailed imprints.
    The final step in the journey comes when geological processes expose the fossilized remains.Archaeologists then unearth these treasures，revealing the secrets of Earth's ancient inhabitants.This scientific exploration contributes to our understanding of evolution，biodiversity，and the ever-changing landscapes that have shaped the history of life on our planet.

（1）What is the role of fossils in the modern times？        ?
A．To help protect our environment.
B．To help explore the function of the Earth.
C．To enhance knowing the long history of the universe.
D．To provide an insight into the diverse life forms.
（2）Which of the following is the first step of fossilization？        ?
A．The quick pressure caused by rocks.
B．The quick transformation of the remains.
C．The rapid burial of the remains.
D．The mix of groundwater and minerals.
（3）How can a good copy of organisms form？        ?
A．By fossils petrified when minerals replace the organic material.
B．By groundwater moving through them.
C．By accumulating more pressure on them.
D．By creating a protective environment.
（4）What's the text mainly about？        ?
A．The importance of fossils.
B．The process of fossilization.
C．The evolution of ancient animals.
D．The preservation of the remains.

共享时间:2024-04-05 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201654. （2025•高新一中•十模）     Autonomous systems，including self-driving cars and robots，are rapidly becoming integral to our daily lives.However，these systems often face challenges in visual recognition across various environments such as bright sunlight，low light，or when objects mix into complex surroundings.Remarkably，nature might already hold the answer to this problem.
    Cats are known for their excellent vision in both bright and dark settings.Their eyes are uniquely adapted for different lighting conditions：their pupils adjust to reduce brightness during the day，while at night，these pupils widen to allow more light in.Additionally，a reflective layer behind their retinas（视网膜），known as the tapetum lucidum，improves their night vision.
    Inspired by the impressive abilities of cat vision，a team of researchers led by Professor Young Min Song at the Gwangju Institute of Science and Technology（GIST） has developed a new vision system using advanced lenses（透镜） and sensors modeled after cats' eyes.This system includes a slit-shaped aperture（狭缝状光圈） that，like a cat's daily pupil，blocks extra light and sharpens focus on essential objects.It also has a reflective layer similar to the tapetum lucidum，enhancing visibility in low-light conditions.
    Published in Science Advances，this research marks a significant step forward in artificial vision，showing improved object detection and recognition abilities."Traditional robotic cameras struggle to identify objects in busy backgrounds，especially under changing light conditions，"Prof.Song explains."Our design enables robots to ignore unimportant details，concentrating only on key objects."Additionally，the system is energy-efficient，as it relies more on lens design than on heavy computer processing.
    This innovative technology opens up exciting potential for real-world applications，potentially transforming robotic vision.With this advanced system，security robots and self-driving vehicles can move through complex environments and perform precise tasks with greater accuracy."From search-and-rescue missions to industrial monitoring，these advanced robotic eyes can assist or even replace human efforts in critical situations，"Prof.Song highlights.

（1）How do cats' eyes adapt to different lighting conditions？
A.By adjusting pupils and reflecting light.
B.By narrowing pupils and letting in light.
C.By using tapetum lucidum in bright light.
D.By focusing tapetum lucidum on familiar light.
（2）What is the purpose of the GIST research？
A.To create an advanced lens for eyes.
B.To improve the focus capability of cats.
C.To develop a reflective layer for dark situations.
D.To improve the performance of artificial vision.
（3）What is a feature of the new design according to paragraph 4？
A.It operates without consuming energy.
B.It requires extensive computer processing.
C.It prioritizes key objects in complex backgrounds.
D.It enhances the detection ability in dark conditions.
（4）Where can the design be applied according to Prof.Song？
A.Improved household care.
B.Precise classroom monitoring.
C.Enhanced sightseeing experiences.
D.Accurate emergency response actions.

共享时间:2025-06-06 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201921. （2024•临潼区•二模）     Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs，or even building a bomb，suggesting that preventing such AI "jailbreaks" is more difficult than it seems.
    Many publicly available large language models （LLMs），such as ChatGPT，have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination，or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers — things they have learned from humans via training data.But that hasn't stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections，known as "jailbreaks"，making AI models disobey the rules.
    Now，Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks.They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona （角色），which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse.This process is called "persona modulation （调节）".
    Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from online conversations，and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs.By having the right conversation with a model，it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona，causing it to act differently.
    There is also an idea in AI circles，one yet to be proven，that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way.This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. "If you're forcing your model to be good persona，it somewhat understands what a bad persona is，" says Tagade.
    Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused，but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. "Like drugs，they also have side effects that need to be controlled，" she says.

（1）What does the AI jailbreak refer to？
A．The technique to break restrictions of AI models.
B．The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models.
C．The capability of AI models improving themselves.
D．The process of AI models learning new information.
（2）What can we know about the persona modulation？
A．It can help AI models understand emotions.
B．It prevents AI learning via online conversations.
C．It can make AI models adopt a particular persona.
D．It forces AI models to follow only good persona.
（3）What is Yinzhen Li's attitude towards LLMs？
A．Unclear.
B．Cautious.
C．Approving.
D．Negative.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A．LLMs：Illegal Learning Models
B．LLMs：The Latest Advancement
C．AI Jailbreaks：A New Challenge
D．AI Jailbreaks：A Perfect Approach

共享时间:2024-03-22 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201760. （2024•西安中学•三模）     If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal（夜间活动）species on this planet.Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light.This is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night：We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
    The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences—called light pollution—whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study.Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky.Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—to which many forms of life，including ourselves，have adapted.Wherever human light spills into the natural world，some aspect of life is affected.
    In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars，leaving behind a vacant haze（霾）that mirrors our fear of the dark.We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night—dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth—is wholly beyond our experience，beyond memory almost.
    We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country，when nothing could be further from the truth.Among mammals alone，the number of nocturnal species is astonishing.Light is a powerful biological force，and on many species it acts as a magnet.The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being "captured" by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms.Migrating at night，birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
    Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal，throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint，including their nighttime breeding choruses.Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs.Like most other creatures，we do need darkness.Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare，to our internal clockwork，as light itself.
    Living in a glare of our own making，we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.In a very real sense，light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe，to forget the scale of our being，which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy—arching overhead.

（1）According to the passage，human beings         .
A.prefer to live in the darkness
B.are used to living in the day light
C.were curious about the midnight world
D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon
（2）What does the underlined word "it" （Paragraph 1）most probably refer to？
A.The night.
B.The moon.
C.The sky.
D.The planet.
（3）The writer mentions birds and frogs to         .
A.provide examples of animal protection
B.show how light pollution affects animals
C.compare the living habits of both species
D.explain why the number of certain species has declined
（4）What might be the best title for the passage？
A.The Magic Light
B.The Orange Haze
C.The Disappearing Night
D.The Rhythms of Nature

共享时间:2024-04-15 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201635. （2025•铁一中学•六模）     Artificial intelligence-or AI-is the computer code that allows a machine to do something that normally requires a human brain.On TikTok，for instance，AI sorts the posts so that the first ones you see are likely to be those you'd prefer.But before an AI can do any of that，developers must train it.
    While a small percentage of AI systems are trained using low-emission sources such as solar，hydro，or nuclear power，the overwhelming majority still depend on the conventional energy mix supplied by national grids.In many parts of the world，that energy mix leads to significant carbon emissions，prompting growing concerns over the environmental footprint of energy-hungry AI models.
    Language-processing AI systems develop their abilities by devouring large collections of written content，which may include everything from online articles to digitized books in multiple languages.Training them takes extended time and constant system activity，often depending on powerful machines running without interruption.To translate between English and Chinese，for example，an AI model may deal with millions or even billions of translated books and articles.In this way，it learns which words and phrases match.Later，when given a new text，it recommends its own translation.
    To compare how different activities affect the climate，researchers often combine the impacts of all greenhouse gases into what they call CO₂ equivalents.In 2019，researchers calculated the impact of developing an AI model named Transformer.It released a whopping 626，000 pounds of carbon dioxide equivalents.That's equal to the greenhouse gases that would be poured by five American cars from when they were made to when they were junked.
    Today，most AI development happens at data centers.These computer-filled buildings account for some 2 percent US electricity use and 1 percent of global energy use.As AI models grow larger and more computationally demanding，these figures are expected to rise.Some experts have sounded the alarm，warning that the unchecked energy appetite of such systems may soon pose a significant threat to global sustainability efforts.With rising energy demands，AI's expansion signals more than just innovation-where it leads remains uncertain.

（1）What is AI training mainly energized by？
A.Fossil fuels.
B.Clean resources.
C.Nuclear energy.
D.Greenhouse gases.
（2）What do we know about the language-processing AI systems？
A.They skip digitalized materials.
B.They are domain-specific.
C.They may outperform human translators.
D.They are energy -intensive.
（3）Why does the author mention Transformer in paragraph 4？
A.To suggest AI emissions match those from big polluters.
B.To explain how AI handles language in training sessions.
C.To show AI is possibly outpacing traditional industries.
D.To stress the environmental cost of AI development.
（4）What does the author imply in the last paragraph？
A.AI's expansion may overwhelm data center systems.
B.The energy footprint of AI deserves close attention.
C.AI's development raises social and moral concerns.
D.Cutting AI-related emissions calls for public efforts.

共享时间:2025-05-20 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201616. （2025•临潼区•二模）     DeepSeek，an AI tool developed in China，has become a global hit with over 100 million users in just six months.Within weeks，the number of its users increased dramatically，reaching more than 100 M users across over 100 countries.From students to engineers，people use it to solve math problems，write reports，and even create art.Adopted by education，healthcare，and finance sectors，it topped app stores in 35 nations globally.
    AI has been widely applied in all the walks of our lives.For instance，a hospital used it to analyze patient data and find the best treatment plans 10 times faster than before.Researchers even accelerated cancer drug discovery by analyzing 50 million chemical compounds in weeks instead of years with the aid of AI.Another case showed how farmers in a pilot project in Kenya，used AI to increase farm yields by 25% through smart farming strategies.
    DeepSeek's adopted a unique algorithm（算法） which is designed to be fast and efficient，using advanced but lightweight models that work quickly without needing a lot of resources.They focus on specific tasks，like coding or solving technical problems，and adapt to learn from detailed data.This makes it more competitive than general-purpose models like ChatGPT，in specialized areas.
    However，Dr.Li Stevia，an AI safety researcher，warns about risks."If AI grows too fast without rules，it might make mistakes or be used improperly，"she said.She worries that rapid development could lead to issues like false information or privacy leaks.
    To address these concerns，DeepSeek's team announced a new"Safety Check"feature.This tool will automatically review AI suggestions for accuracy and safety before showing them to users."We want AI to help，not harm，"said project leader Zhang Wei.

（1）What is the first paragraph mainly telling us about DeepSeek？
A.Its target users.
B.Its sales ranking.
C.Its powerful uses.
D.Its wide popularity.
（2）What is the author's purpose in mentioning hospitals and farmers？
A.To show AI can solve real problems.
B.To compare different AI tools.
C.To explain how to use smartphones.
D.To criticize AI's high cost.
（3）Why does DeepSeek outperform ChatGPT in special tasks？
A.Because it uses more computational resources for training.
B.Because it focuses on broad applications to ensure adaptability.
C.Because it uses a specialized model to learn from detailed data.
D.Because it prioritizes slower processing to guarantee accuracy.
（4）How will DeepSeek's team remove Dr.Li Stevia's concern？
A.By raising service prices.
B.By adding a"Safety Check"tool.
C.By stopping free services.
D.By using expensive computers.

共享时间:2025-03-26 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201568. （2025•西工大附中•十一模）     In the cutthroat world of artificial intelligence，long dominated by Silicon Valley，DeepSeek has emerged as an impressive new player.Since its debut in late 2023，this Chinese AI has stirred global attention，representing more than just another technological innovation.It's a complex phenomenon that reflects the shifting landscape of innovation，power and cultural influence in the AI-driven era.
    Developed by Quantum Think Labs in Shenzhen，DeepSeek was created by a team of ex-Google Brain engineers and Peking University experts.DeepSeek is not your average chatbot.Trained on an astonishing 20 trillion tokens，this multimodal model showcases linguistic proficiency，code generation capabilities and reasoning skills that rival or surpass its Western counterparts.What truly sets DeepSeek apart is its remarkable efficiency，delivering GPT-4-level performance with 30 percent less computational power.
    In a strategic move，Quantum Think made a"lite"version of DeepSeek open source，a decision that has sparked widespread adoption across the globe.Developers from cities like Lagos to Jakarta have quickly embraced it to create poetry generators and AI-powered farm management tools for rural India.
    However，DeepSeek's growing influence is not without challenges.There are concerns that US government may block American firms from using DeepSeek，mentioning data security concerns.Tariff（关税） war could also be on the cards.Yet，such moves might backfire，potentially harming US startups that benefit from DeepSeek's cost advantages.
    The future of AI，with DeepSeek at the center，remains a mystery.Will it trigger a tech battle between the US and China，or will its open-source roots foster global collaboration？DeepSeek's story is not just about technology；it's about the power of innovation and agency.
    For too long，the AI narrative has been dominated by Western powers.Now，a Chinese lab haown that innovation is not exclusive to the West.Whether we enter an AI arms race or begin a new era of global cooperation depends on how we choose to use and share this technology.As a Brazilian coder said，the future of AI must speak the language of both the developed and developing world to truly succeed.

（1）What does the second paragraph mainly talk about？
A.The creation of DeepSeek.
B.The definition of DeepSeek.
C.The strengths of DeepSeek.
D.The efficiency of DeepSeek.
（2）What might be a challenge DeepSeek faces？
A.Involvement in tariff war.
B.The possibility of data leaking.
C.A decline in its competitiveness.
D.A ban on its use from US government.
（3）Which of the following best describes the future of AI？
A.Uncertain.
B.Secure.
C.Promising.
D.Depressing.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A.AI should prioritize Western languages.
B.We will enter a new era of global AI cooperation.
C.Considering global needs is required to ensure AI's success.
D.Developing countries will eventually dominate AI innovation.

共享时间:2025-06-18 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201950. （2023•周至县•三模） Without cracking a single textbook，without spending a day in medical school，the co-author of a preprint study correctly answered enough questions that it would have passed the real US Medical Licensing Examination.But the test-taker wasn't a member of Mensa or a medical specialist；it was the artificial intelligence ChatGPT.The tool，which was created to answer user questions in a conversational manner，has generated so much buzz that doctors and scientists are trying to determine what its limitations are and what it could do for health and medicine.
   The medical licensing exam is generally considered one of the toughest of any profession because it not only tests basic science，medical knowledge，but also assesses clinical reasoning，ethics （道德观念），critical thinking and problem-solving skills.
   The AI passed all the parts of the exam without any specialized training，showing a high level of insight in its explanations.This greatly impressed Dr.Victor Tseng，a medical director of the California-based group and a co-author of the study. "Googling the answer is very difficult，" he explained. "Because there're a lot of red herrings on the Internet.It might take hours to get an accurate answer." But ChatGPT was able to do it within five seconds.
   The results of the medical licensing exam study were even written up with the help of ChatGPT.However，the journal Nature created guidelines that said no such program could be credited as an author because "any authorship carries with it accountability for the work，and AI tools cannot take such responsibility." Actually，AI is only as good as the information it's fed，and with so much inaccurate information available online about things like COVID-19 vaccines，it could use that to generate inaccurate results.
   Tseng said he ultimately thinks ChatGPT can enhance medical practice，but won't replace doctors.Tseng's group will continue to test it to learn why it creates certain errors and what other ethical factors need to be put in place before using it for real.
   "AI is here.The doors are open，" Tseng said. "I firmly believe that it will actually make me and make us as physicians and providers better."

（1）What can ChatGPT possibly do according to paragraph 1？
A．Study in medical school.
B．Start an online conversation.
C．Conduct a study independently.
D．Pass a challenging examination.
（2）What does underlined words "red herrings" in paragraph 3 refer to？
A．Appealing topics.
B．Efficient helpers.
C．Hidden resources.
D．Distracting facts.
（3）According to Nature，ChatGPT can't be listed as an author because        .
A．it has invented all the data based on inaccurate information
B．it doesn't actively create and is not responsible for the work
C．it doesn't have a bank account and can't receive payment
D．it has failed to demonstrate problem-solving skills
（4）What is Tseng's attitude towards the future of ChatGPT？
A．Interested yet doubtful.
B．Disinterested and calm.
C．Confident yet cautious.
D．Critical and disappointed.

共享时间:2023-04-15 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201569. （2025•西工大附中•十一模）     The ability to connect an event with its consequences-experts use the term associative learning-is a crucial skill for adapting to the environment.Recent findingow that adults fail to demonstrate the highest learning performance in this area.This paves the way for a fresh perspective on associative learning disorders，which are linked to the development of mental illness later in life.
    Researchers from Ruhr University Bochum conducted groundbreaking experiments across four age groups：babies（0-3），primary school children （6-12），teenagers（13-19），and adults.Participants were required to identify patterns between visual pictures and corresponding rewards through computer-based tasks.Several learning sessions were then integrated to assess performance stability.
    The research team was amazed by the results：""We'd initially assumed that associative learning improves continuously with increasing age，"says Dr.Carolin Konrad.However，there was a clear peak in performance at primary school："Children at this age achieved the best results，learned most consistently and showed the least variability in their learning behavior." Although adults and teenagers learned faster than babies，they didn't reach the performance level of primary school children.
    It also emerged that repeated exposure to the learned material plays a crucial role for babies and teenagers since an additional learning session led to an improvement in learning performance in these age groups.Teenagers improved 40% after additional practice sessions，whereas adultowed minimal progress.This finding highlights the"sensitive period"phenomenon-the brain's higher plasticity during childhood that allows more efficient knowledge strength.
    The study shows that associative learning is present across the lifespan but that the rates and quantities of learning vary."This mental capacity not only helps us avoid dangers but also influences emotional regulation patterns，"concludes Konrad. "Early identification of associative learning difficulties could serve as an indicator for future mental health risks."

（1）Which is an example of associative learning？
A.A baby grasps an object placed in its hand.
B.A student works harder after getting good grades.
C.A driver keeps speeding up when receiving a ticket.
D.A cook follows his recipe despite customer complaints.
（2）What were the participants required to do in the experiments？
A.Identify the relationship between different groups.
B.Watch and record their own performance over time.
C.Assess their learning progress during the sessions.
D.Pair pictures with rewards through computer-based tasks.
（3）What surprised the researchers about associative learning？
A.Adults possessed greater adaptability.
B.Primary schoolers outperformed others.
C.Teenagers peaked in learning performance.
D.Babies required frequent exposure to knowledge.
（4）Why is the"sensitive period"phenomenon mentioned in paragraph 4？
A.To show learning ability differences across all ages.
B.To advise adults to learn efficiently in a gradual way.
C.To stress the significance of learning during childhood.
D.To demonstrate the brain's ability to adapt in adulthood.

共享时间:2025-06-18 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201884. （2024•周至县•一模）      Since 2001，robotic tools have revolutionized the practice of surgery.They have greatly reduced the stress and physical demands normally placed on surgeons and have made certain procedures possible.
    One example is "keyhole surgery"，or minimally invasive （微创） surgery，which normally requires surgeons to stand at awkward angles and make difficult movements with their hands to make a cut inside the patient.But in June 2022，surgeon James Ansell used 3 D glasses and two sticks to control four robotic arms to perform a procedure to remove a cancerous tumor. "My colleague said...that this feels like cheating，" Ansell said to The Guardian.
    Another area of surgery that has had major technological breakthroughs in recent years is telesurgery.Normally，telesurgery relies on a wired connection due to concerns of harming the patient should a wireless connection drop during surgery，but China made several advancements in wireless telesurgery based on 5 G technology.
    China achieved the first 5 G-based remote operation in March 2019 involving a brain surgery procedure between a surgeon in Sanya and a patient in Beijing，a distance totaling nearly 3，000 kilometers.More recently，a team of surgeons successfully completed remote micron-level eye surgery on rabbits located in a different city.The rabbits were at the Sun Yat-sen University in Guangzhbù，Guangdon g province，whereas the surgical team who operated on them via a 5 G robot were at the Hainan Eye Hospital in Haikou，Hainan province.
    Looking to the future，people hope that remote surgery could become commonplace to help heal injured soldiers on the battlefield while keeping surgeons at a safe distance.Some even believe that robotic systems，combined with AI，could one day exceed human surgeons.
    But，given current technological limitations and the high costs of these robots which can cost millions of dollars，the complete robot takeover of surgery may still be a while off.

（1）What does the "keyhole surgery" example intend to show？
A．Great complexity of robotic surgery.
B．Physical challenges surgeons face.
C．Surgical progress enabled by robotic tools.
D．Urgent need for advanced 3 D technology.
（2）What significant achievement did China make in the field of telesurgery？
A．Achieving remote surgery using a wired connection.
B．Completing successfully remote eye surgery on humans.
C．Conducting a 5 G-based remote operation on rabbits overseas.
D．Performing the first wireless brain surgery with 5 G technology.
（3）What can be inferred from the text about robots in the medical field？
A．They are quite affordable.
B．They are currently in high demand.
C．They have not been widely used.
D．They have gone beyond human capabilities.
（4）What is a suitable title for the text？
A．Robotic Surgery Uses 5 G Technology
B．Keyhole Surgery Benefits Human Beings
C．Autonomous Robot Achieves Great Progress
D．Medical Robotics Revolutionizes Surgery Method

共享时间:2024-03-07 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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201693. （2024•西工大附中•模拟） California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor．
    The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds．No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles．In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent．
   Many factors contributed to the decline，said Patrick Mclntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study．Woodcutters targeted big trees．Housing development pushed into the woods．Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）．
   But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development．
    The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage．The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things as rainfall，air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）．
   Since the 1930s，Mclntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season．

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California．
B．The increasing variety of California big trees．
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests．
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California．
（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees？
A．Ecological studies of forests．
B．Banning woodcutting．
C．Limiting housing development．
D．Fire control measures．
（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre？
A．Inadequate snowmelt．
B．A longer dry season．
C．A warmer climate．
D．Dampness of the air．
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．California's Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone？
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon．
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests？
D．Patrick Mclntyre：Grow More Big Trees in California

共享时间:2024-03-05 难度:1 相似度:1.33

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201826. （2024•西安中学•九模） In February of 1942，Mexican farmer Dionisio Pulido thought he heard thunder coming from his cornfield.However，the sound wasn't coming from the sky.The source was a large smoking break sending out gas and pushing out rocks.This opening would come to be known as the volcano Paricutin，and over the next 9 years，its lava and ash would cover over 200 square km.But where did this new volcano come from，and what caused its unpredictable eruption？
   One of the most common causes of an eruption is an increase in magmastatic（静磁）pressure.Magma（岩浆）contains various elements and compounds.At high enough concentrations，compounds like water or sulfur（硫）form high-pressure gas bubbles.When these balls of gas reach the surface，they can burst with the force of a gunshot.And when millions of bubbles explode，the energy can send ash into the air.But before they pop or burst，they act like bubbles of CO₂ in a shaken soda.
   Not all eruptions are due to rising magmastatic pressure- sometimes the weight of the rock above can become dangerously low.Landslides can remove massive quantities of rock from atop a magma chamber or room，dropping the pressure and instantly touching off an eruption.This process is known as "unloading" and it's been responsible for numerous eruptions，including the sudden explosion of Mount St.Helens in 1980.But unloading can also happen over longer periods of time due heating ice or melting glaciers.In fact，many geologists are worried that glacial melt caused by climate change could increase volcanic activity.
   Unfortunately，knowing what causes eruptions doesn't make them easy to predict.While scientists can roughly determine the strength and weight of the Earth's crust（地壳），the depth and heat of magma chambers makes measuring changes in magmastatic pressure very difficult.But volcanologists are constantly exploring new technology to overcome this rocky field.Advances in thermal imaging（热成像）have allowed scientists to detect underground hotspots.Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefully，these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.

（1）Why does the author mention the story of a farmer in the first paragraph？
A．To show the power of volcano eruption.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To introduce the volcano Paricutin.
D．To explain the reason.
（2）What does the underlined word "they" in paragraph 2 refer to？
A．The bubbles of CO₂ .
B．The ash of the volcano.
C．Gas bubbles of compounds.
D．The elements of a soda.
（3）Which of the following is true about the eruption of Mount St.Helens？
A．Landslideould be responsible for its eruption.
B．It began to explode over a long period of time.
C．The process of "unloading" occurred after its explosion.
D．The weight of the rock above it increased as to cause its eruption.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．Scientists can determine the eruption of volcano in advance.
B．It is quite difficult to measure the weight of the Earth's crust.
C．Spectrometers can help scientists to detect underground hotspots.
D．Scientists are positive about further study of volcano eruption.

共享时间:2024-06-24 难度:1 相似度:1.33

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2015-10-21

高中英语 | 高一上 | 阅读理解

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