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220524. （2015•七十中•高一上一月） It's a fact that we all dream．Some dreams seem to last for hours，others only for seconds．Some of us have strange dreams，some have interesting dreams，and some of us have unpleasant dreams．Tests in the 1980owed that these dreams occur within 90-minute cycles，each cycle made up of six stages．In the last stage people experience rapid eye movement，known as REM，and it is in this stage that dreaming takes place．Eighty percent of people who were woken during this sixth stage could easily remember their dreams．On the other hand，when during the first five stages （NREM），only seven percent could describe a dream．
However，of these same people woken during the first five stages，74% were able to remember thinking activity，although they would not call it a dream．NerysDee，who has written about dreams in a book called"Your Dreams and What They Mean"says："Perhaps during NREM sleep we are sorting out our outer mundane problems，but in REM sleep we are dealing with inside matters．"She also makes the following statement about 90-minute cycle：It may also prove the reason why insomniacs who wake in the middle of the night find it impossible to get to sleep again for at least an hour and a half．In other words，until they have missed out one complete 90-minute sleep period．

（1）Which of the following statements about dreams is TRUE？
A．Everyone dreams but very few can recall what they dream．
B．Some people have long dreams and others have very short ones．
C．People can only remember unpleasant dreams．
D．More than eighty percent of people can remember their dreams．
（2）According to the tests in the 1980s，dreaming takes place        ．
A．between each 90-minute cycle
B．at any time during 90-minute cycles
C．during the first five stages of 90-minute cycles
D．in the last stage of 90-minute cycles
（3）People woken during REM sleep can
A．hardly remember their dreams
B．easily remember their dreams
C．only remember their dreams
D．partly remember their thinking activity
（4）"Insomniacs"are persons who
A．can always remember their dreams
B．have trouble getting into sleep at night
C．experience rapid eye movement
D．usually wake after each 90-minute sleep period．

共享时间:2015-10-21 难度:3

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[考点]

科技，科普知识，说明文，

[答案]

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[解析]

（1）B．细节理解题．根据第一段"It's a fact that we all dream．Some dreams seem to last for hours，others only for seconds．"可知，有的梦持续很长时间，有的却很短暂．故选B．
（2）D．细节理解题．根据第一段"these dreams occur within 90﹣minute cycles，each cycle made up of six stages．In the last stage people experience rapid eye movement，known as REM，and it is in this stage that dreaming takes place．"可知，梦以90分钟为一个循环，每个循环分为六个阶段，做梦发生在第六个阶段，故选D．
（3）B．细节理解题．根据第一段"In the last stage people experience rapid eye movement，known as REM，…Eighty percent of people who were woken during this sixth stage could easily remember their dreams．"可知，在第六阶段即快速眼动阶段醒来的话，很容易记得梦境，故选B．
（4）B．词汇猜测题．根据"who wake in the middle of the night find it impossible to get to sleep again for at least an hour and a half．"可知，划线词指的是夜里醒来以后很难再次入睡，这个状态持续一个半小时，故选B．

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本题考查了"科技，科普知识，说明文，"，属于"典型题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

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214460. （2019•西安中学•高三上期中）（The New York Times，Oct.7）The 2019 Nobel Prize in physiology（生理学） or medicine was jointly awarded to three scientists - William G．Kaelin Jr．，Peter J．Ratcliffe and Gregg L．Semenza - for their work on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability．The Nobel Assembly announced the prize at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm on Monday．
   Their work established the genetic mechanisms（机制） that allow cells to respond to changes in oxygen levels．The findings have implications（启示） for treating a variety of diseases．
   Why did they win？
   "Oxygen is the lifeblood of living organisms（生物体），" said Dr．George Daley，dean of Harvard Medical School． "Without oxygen，cells can't survive．" But too much or too little oxygen can be deadly．The three researchers tried to answer this question：How do cells regulate their responses？
   The investigators uncovered detailed genetic responses to changing oxygen levels that allow cells in the bodies of humans and other animals to sense and respond to fluctuations（波动），increasing and decreasing how much oxygen they receive．
   Why is the work important？
   The discoveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that control such things as adaptation to high altitudes and how cancer cells manage to hijack（攫取） oxygen．Randall Johnson，a member of the Nobel Assembly，described the work as a "textbook discovery" and said it would be something students would start learning at the most basic levels of biology education．
   "This is a basic aspect of how a cell works，and I think from that standpoint alone it's a very exciting thing．" Johnson said．
   The research also has implications for treating various diseases in which oxygen is in short supply - including anemia，heart attacks and strokes - as well as for treatment of cancers that are fed by and seek out oxygen．

（1）This research has won the Nobel Prize mainly because        ．
A．there was no research of this kind in the past
B．oxygen is the lifeblood of living things
C．it has uncovered how cells sense and respond to changes in oxygen levels
D．various diseases will be cured with the help of the findings of the research
（2）We can learn from the passage that        ．
A．The Nobel Prize was awarded to a physiologist on Monday in Sweden．
B．Cancer cells manage to hijack oxygen and need oxygen to develop．
C．The more oxygen there is in blood，the healthier a living body will be．
D．The genetic mechanisms have been found that allow oxygen to adapt to cells．
（3）Which of the following can best explain the underlined word in the text？
A．used for textbooks
B．powerful and authoritative
C．typical as a perfect example
D．basic and clear
（4）In which part of The New York Times can you find this article？
A．Entertainment
B．Culture
C．Technology
D．Science

共享时间:2019-11-14 难度:3 相似度:2

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203824. （2024•周至四中•高二上期末） Agricultural scientists in Switzerland have demonstrated the long-term effect of organic farming methods.Organic farms use no man-made chemicals to increase crops or control insects and disease.The study showed that organic fields produced fewer crops，on average，than other fields.However，the scientists say the organic methods improved the health of the soil and used half as much energy.
   The Swiss scientists compared the effects of organic and traditional farming methods over a period of more than twenty years.They grew crops on four fields of land in Switzerland.Two fields were grown using traditional farming methods.The others were grown using organic farming methods.The crops and soil use were similar in all the fields studied.
   The study found that the organic fields produced about 20% fewer crops than the other fields.However，the farmers used less fertilizer and energy on the organic fields.They found the organic fields were healthier.
   The scientists say the organic fields had more nutrients in the soil.The soils in the organic fields also had more biological activity than the other fields.The organic fields had more helpful organisms and a larger number of different organisms.The organic fields had almost two times as many insects，including helpful insects.In traditional farming，chemicals designed to kill harmful insects also kill helpful ones.
   The researchers say the findingow that organic crop production rates change little over time，and that soil fertility increases.They say the finds suggest that organic farmers can help the environment by increasing soil fertility.
   Organic farming is becoming increasingly popular in some countries.Many people believe that eating organic food is more healthful than eating food grown with chemicals.Some people are willing to pay more money to buy organic food.

（1）What does the study show about the organic methods？
A．They have more output than other fields.
B．They benefit the health of the human and the soil.
C．They use more energy than traditional ones.
D．They can control diseases without using any chemicals.
（2）In what way do the researchers carry out the experiment？
A．Selecting the best seeds.
B．Using the latest technology.
C．Applying different methods.
D．Planting crops in special soils.
（3）What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about concerning organic fields？
A．Its strengths.
B．Its products.
C．Its application.
D．Itortage.
（4）What can we infer from the text？
A．No insects exist in organic fields.
B．Organic farming is environment-friendly.
C．People can't afford organic food at present.
D．Organic crop production rate increases rapidly.

共享时间:2024-02-12 难度:3 相似度:2

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213764. （2023•西安三中•高二下期中） Ears are for hearing —everyone knows that.But for a creature called the Cuvier's beaked whale，hearing starts in the throat，a new study found.
   The observation might help explain how all whales hear.The work might also help scientists understand how animals are affected by underwater sonar（声呐）.This sonar，used by some ships，sends out sound waves to locate underwater objects.
   The Cuvier s beaked whale is a so-called toothed whale.Toothed whales dive deep into the ocean in search of food.As the whales hunt，they produce sounds that reach objects and then return to the whales.This allows the animals to "see" the shape，size，and location of objects，even when they're 1，000 metres under the sea，where it is totally dark.
   To better understand how the whale hears，researchers from San Diego State University in California took X-rays of two Cuvier s beaked whales.The whales had died and washed up on the beach.
   Ted Cranford and his colleagues used the images to make a computer model of a Cuvier's beaked whale s head.Then，they modelled the process of sound travelling through the head.The researchers knew that some sounds get to the ears of a toothed whale through a structure called "the window for sound".Found on the lower jaw，this structure is very thin on the outside and has a large pad（垫） of fat on the inside.
   When the researchers used their computer model to work out how sound waves travel in the whale's head，they were surprised to find that sounds coming from right in front of the whale actually travel under the animal's jaw.From there，sound waves move through the throat，into a hole in the hack of the jaw，and finally to the pad of fat near the animal's ears.

（1）Toothed whales         to search for what they will eat under the sea.
A．measure the shape and size of their objects
B．watch deep into the sea
C．ask other whales to work together
D．give out signals and wait for them to return
（2）Researchers took X-rays of two Cuvier's beaked whales in order to        .
A．find out why they had died and washed up on the beach
B．make a computer model of a Cuvier's beaked whale's head
C．make sure that sound travels through the head
D．know more about the way the whale hears
（3）Which of the following describes the way taken by sound waves through a Cuvier's beaked whale？
A．A hole in the back of the jaw→the ears→the jaw→ the throat.
B．The jaw→the throat→hole in the back of the jaw → the ears.
C．The throat→the jaw→he ears→hole in the hack of？the jaw.
D．The ears→the throat →a hole in the back of the jaw→the jaw.
（4）According to the passage，we know that        .
A．the throat is important to the Cuvier's beaked whale's hearing
B．ships send out sound waves like a Cuvier's beaked whale
C．the ears are actually useless to the Cuvier's beaked whale
D．the researchers haven't found how the whales hear

共享时间:2023-05-18 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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217753. （2024•师大附中•高二上一月）     Midjourney is an AI-based tool designed to create art from textual descriptions.Users put in some key words，and the AI develops an image according to that description.You need to know how to use Midjourney if you want to create some of the most exciting AI art.Midjourney lets users create anything they can imagine from just text prompts（提示）.
    How to Use Midjourney-Text to Image
    1.Once you've joined the Midjourney Discord，choose a server to join.It's best to choose a"Newbie" server for a beginner.
    2.Select the chat box at the bottom，and type"/imagine"，then click"Imagine".
    3.Type in the prompt for the art you wish to create and hit"Enter".A well-designed prompt can help make unique and exciting images.A basic prompt can be as simple as a single word or phrase.
    4.Wait a few moments and keep an eye on the chat box where it will be posted.
    Prompting Tip
    The Midjourney Bot works best with simple，short phrases that describe what you want to see.Avoid long lists of requests and instructions.
    Subscription（订购） Plans
    Midjourney once offered a free limited use but now it is accepting paid members only.Membership starts at ＄10 for the basic plan，which will get you around 200 image works a month.
    Midjourney offers four different levels of subscription plans.Customers can choose to pay on a monthly basis，or they can choose to pay for the entire year to have a 20% discount（折扣）.

	Basic Plan	Standard Plan	Pro Plan	Mega Plan
Monthly Subscription	＄10	＄30	＄60	＄120
Yearly Subscription	＄96（＄8/month）	＄288（＄24/month）	＄576（＄48/month）	＄1，152（＄96/month）

（1）What's the function of Midjourney？
A.To write articles.
B.To create pictures.
C.To improve texts.
D.To compare artworks.
（2）Which of the following is suggested to get what you want when using Midjourney？
A.Giving brief descriptions.
B.Choosing the best server.
C.Offering long lists of requests.
D.Turning to an expert for help.
（3）How much should you pay if you choose a Standard Plan for 6 months？
A.＄60.
B.＄144.
C.＄180.
D.＄288.

共享时间:2024-10-16 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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215220. （2016•西安一中•高二下期中） What will people die of 100 years from now？If you think that is a simple question，you have not been paying attention to the revolution that is taking place in biotechnology（生物技术）．With the help of new medicine，the human body will last a very long time．Death will come mainly from accidents，murder and war．Today's leading killers，such as heart disease，cancer，and aging itself，will become distant memories．
In discussion of technological changes，the Internet gets most of the attention these days．But the change in medicine can be the real technological event of our times．How long can humans live？Human brains were known to decide the final death．Cells are the basic units of all living things，and until recently，scientists were sure that the life of cells could not go much beyond 120 years because the basic materials of cells，such as those of brain cells，would not last forever．But the upper limits will be broken by new medicine．Sometime between 2050 and 2100，medicine will have advanced to the point at which every 10 years or so，people will be able to take medicine to repair their organs．The medicine，made up of the basic building materials of life，will build new brain cells，heart cells，and so on，in much the same way our bodies make new skin cells to take the place of old ones．
It is exciting to imagine that the advance in technology may be changing the most basic condition of human existence，but many technical problems still must be cleared up on the way to this wonderful future．

（1）According to the passage，human death is now mainly caused by ．

A．diseases and aging	B．accidents and war
B．accidents and aging	D．heart disease and war

（2）Humans may live longer in the future because ．
A．heart disease will be far away from us
B．human brains can decide the final death
C．the basic materials of cells will last forever
D．human organs can be repaired by new medicine
（3）We can learn from the passage that ．
A．human life will not last more than 120 years in the future
B．humans have to take medicine to build new skin cells now
C．much needs to be done before humans can have a longer life
D．we have already solved the technical problems in building new cells．

共享时间:2016-05-24 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203207. （2016•西安中学•二模） Scientists study the natural world by using"scientific method"．When a scientist observes some phenomenon in nature，he develops an idea，called a theory or hypothesis （假设），about what is happening．Then he does an experiment to test his theory．If the results are as expected，then the experiment proves the hypothesis which makes it more likely that the theory is correct．If the experiment fails and the results are not as expected，then the scientist must come up with a new theory that he can test．
  In ancient times great thinkers came up with complicated theories to explain nature，but they did not always prove them by experiment．For example，the great Greek thinker Aristotle，had a theory that heavy objects would fall faster than light objects．People believed this until the scientist Galileo performed an experiment and found it was wrong．
   Here's an experiment that you can use to prove or disprove a common-sense theory：
   Step 1：Get an empty bottle with a small neck．A diameter （直径） of 1/2 inch should be ideal．
   Step 2：Cut a sheet of paper to a square 5 inches on each si de．
   Step 3：Crumple （压皱） the paper into a tight wad （块状物）．
   Step 4：Lay the bottle on its side and place the paper so it lies loosely in the neck of the bottle．
   Construct a theory about what will happen if you put your mouth about a half inch from the neck of the bottle and blow hard towards it．A common-sense theory might be that the wad would be blown into the bottle by the force of the breath．Now do your experiment to see what really happens．
   If your theory was that the wad would be blown by the force of the air into the bottle，the experiment gave you unexpected results．In most cases the wad is blown out of the neck of the bottle in the opposite direction．A new theory might be that the air being blown into the bottle creates a whirlwind （旋风） of air currents （气流） in the closed space which push the wad out．
（1）The writer mentions Aristotle's theory to show        ．
A．he was a greater thinker in ancient times
B．he was less successful than Galileo
C．objects of different weights fall at the same speed
D．experiments are necessary to support theories
（2）According to the passage，what is not required in the four-step experiment？
A．A pair of scissors．
B．A piece of paper．
C．A bottle．
D．A strong breath．
（3）What's the best title for the passage？
A．Come to Nature with Scientists
B．Make up a New Theory
C．Experiment with Breath in a Bottle
D．Watch Out for Common Sense．

共享时间:2016-03-22 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203227. （2016•西安一中•一模） The following passage is adapted from the writings of a Nobel Prize-winning scientist．
   Any scientist who is not a pretender will admit the important part that luck plays in scientific discovery．A colleague and I carried out an experiment in which little tissue fragments（组织碎片），which were very difficult to work with，were injected into mice of different DNA strains．If we had been more experienced，we would have injected only white blood cells （which would have been easier to handle） into the mice．We now know that if we had done this，we would not have made the discovery．Obviously，we were lucky，but our scientific training enabled us to recognize the significance of the accident．
   It might nevertheless seem as if luck plays a significant role in scientific discovery．However，I would like to challenge this view for the following reasons：we sometimes describe as "lucky" a person who wins a prize in a lottery at long odds；but if we describe such an event as luck，what word shall we use to describe the accidental discovery of a lottery ticket that turns out to be the winning one just on a park bench？
   The two cases are quite different．A person who buys a lottery ticket is putting himself or herself in the way of winning a prize．This individual has，so to speak，purchased candidacy（候选资格）for such a turn of events and all the rest is a matter of mathematical probabilities．So it is with scientists．A scientist is anyone who，by observations and experiments conducted，by the literature read，and even by the company kept，puts himself or herself in the way of making a discovery．These individuals，by deliberate action，have enormously enlarged their awareness-their candidacy for good fortune-and will now take into account evidence of a kind that a beginner or a casual observer would probably overlook or misinterpret．
   Nearly all successful scientists have emphasized the importance of preparedness of mind，and I want to emphasize that this preparedness of mind is worked for and paid for by a great deal of effort and reflection．If these efforts lead to a discovery，then I think it would be inappropriate to credit such a discovery to luck．

（1）The outcome of the experiment described in paragraph one suggests that
A．luck play an insignificant part in scientific discovery
B．the injection of only while blood cells allowed the two scientists to make their discovery
C．It was difficult to inject little tissue fragments into mice of different DNT strains
D．the scientists concerned in the experiment were able to benefit from luck
（2）The author uses the example of the lottery winner in order to suggest that
A．blind luck occurs more frequently than people realize
B．luck plays a more important part in most events than people realize
C．luck is not the correct term to use when referring to a significant scientific discovery
D．luck is the best word to be used to describe the accidental discovery in science
（3）The author implies that a scientist achieves " candidacy for good fortune" by
A．making careful and repeated mathematical calculations
B．depending on feelings rather than on scientific research
C．performing enough experiments to increase the statistical probability of success
D．obtaining knowledge that allows him or her to recognize important evidence
（4）The primary purpose of the passage is to
A．make a single definition of luck
B．show that scientists discover what they intend to find
C．compare scientific discovery to a lottery game
D．discuss the role of luck in science

共享时间:2016-03-06 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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215287. （2016•长安区一中•高二下期中） A scientist turns out to be able to see the future by offering each of some four-year-olds a piece of candy and watching how he or she deals with it．Some children reach eagerly for the treat they see．Some last a few minutes before they give in．But others are determined to wait until the last moment．
By the time the children reach high school，something remarkable has happened．A survey found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out generally grew up to be more popular，adventurous，confident and dependable．The children who gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be lonely，easily frustrated and inflexible．Actually，the ability to delay reward is a sign of emotional intelligence which doesn't show up on an IQ test．
The hardware of the brain and the software of the mind have long been scientists' concerns．But brain theory can't explain what we wonder about most，like the question why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resistant soul．
Here comes the theory of Daniel Goleman，writer of Emotional Intelligence：when it comes to predicting people's success，brain ability as measured by IQ may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as"character"．
EQ is not the opposite of IQ．What researchers have been trying to understand is how they work together；how one's ability to handle stress，for instance，affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use．Among the elements for success，researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%；the rest depends on everything from social class to luck．
While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously，some few fear EQ invites misuse．

（1）The experiment with the four-year-olds makes it clear that ．
A．the age of 4 is a proper time for scientific experiment
B．emotional intelligence won't show up until adolescence
C．the ability of self-control plays a role in personal success
D．candy can be used to measure a person's emotional intelligence
（2）The underlined word"upbeat"in Paragraph 4 probably means ．

A．kind

B．floating

C．excited

D．cheerful

（3）Why does the author mention the experiment at the beginning of the text？
A．To amuse both the children and readers．
B．To prove the scientist's wisdom．
C．To introduce the topic of the text．
D．To show us how to do an IQ test．

共享时间:2016-05-30 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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205255. （2021•阎良区•高一下期末） Canadians have a global reputation（名声）for being polite.A survey ranked Canada first out of 50 countries.Most Canadians think that while being polite can be a superficial attitude when people are communicating with friend and strangers，being "kind" to others generally requires a much greater effort and truly knows who you are as a person.
   A national survey made by Environics Research Group for Coca-Cola Canada shows that on average each Canadian haown kindness to others through random （随意的）actions four times in the last four weeks.Examples of their kindness include things such as opening a door for a stranger，offering to carry heavy items or giving up your seat for someone else in a public bus.
   With millions of acts of kindness happening every day，most Canadians surveyed felt kind folks deserved more recognition for their actions.Coca-Cola Canada has decided to praise some very special individuals who make others happy with good acts in their own communities.The goal is to share their stories to help inspire others to give a little kindness too.
   "When it comes to kindness，seeing really is believing，" says Carolyn Harty，Senior Brand Manager of Coca-Cola. "More than half of Canadians are inspired to pay it forward themselves when they see others making a kind gesture.It is these small acts of kindness that make a large difference and inspire people and create happiness. "
   Sixteen-year-old Sheliza Kassam，from Canada，decided on her thirteenth birthday that instead of gifts，she and her family would help feed families in need.Her small action became larger and developed into a non-profit organization that Sheliza now runs to hold birthday parties for children living in shelters who otherwise would not be able to celebrate their special day.
   Another teen Nathan Unrau started out with a one-time school charity project that just couldn't help.With the support of his parents，Lunches with Love has become a non-profit organization that makes and gives away 450 paper bag lunches to the local homeless people every other Saturday.

（1）For what are Canadians famous all around the world？
A．Working hard.
B．Being grateful for others' help.
C．Behaving rudely in public.
D．Having good manners.
（2）What does the national survey mainly tell us？
A．Why Canadianow kindness.
B．What kindness means.
C．How kind Canadians are.
D．When Canadianow politeness.
（3）What's the purpose of Coca-Cola Canada's praising the special individuals？
A．To encourage all the people to spread kindness.
B．To celebrate the great events of kindness.
C．To show the ways of making others happy.
D．To remind people of the importance of kindness.
（4）What did Sheliza Kassam and Nathan Unrau have in common？
A．They were once supported by others.
B．They offer others some food.
C．They enjoyed staying with children.
D．They came from the same organizations.

共享时间:2021-07-05 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203380. （2016•西工大附中•四模） A recent study，while showing a generally positive attitude toward science，also suggests a widespread worry that it may be "running out of control"．This idea is dangerous．
   Science can be a force for evil as well as for good．Its applications can be channeled either way，depending on our decisions．The decisions we make，personally or collectively，will determine the outcomes of science．But here is a real danger．Science is advancing so fast and is so strongly influenced by businesses that we are likely to believe whatever decisions we come to will make little difference．And，rather than fighting for the best possible policies，we may step back and do nothing．
   Some people go even further．They say that despite the moral and legal objections（反对），whatever is scientifically possible will be done-somewhere，sometime．They believe that science will get out of control in the end．This belief is dangerous too，because it fuels a sense of hopelessness and discourages them from making efforts to build a safer world．
   In our interconnected world，the lack of agreement in and out of the world of science can lead to the failure to control the use of science．Without a common understanding，the challenges of "controlling" science in this century will be really tough．Take human cloning for example．Despite the general agreement among scientists on its possible huge impact（影响） on traditional moral values，some countries still go ahead with the research and development of its related techniques．The outcomes are hard to predict．
   Therefore，discussions on how science is applied should be extended far beyond scientific societies．Only through the united efforts of people with hope，can we be fully safe against the misuse of science and can science best serve mankind in the future．

（1）What can we conclude from the recent study？
A．People think highly of science．
B．Science is getting dangerously out of control．
C．People hold mixed opinions about science．
D．Science is used for both good and bad purposes．
（2）According to the passage，what will happen if we hold that science is getting beyond control？
A．The development of science will hopelessly slow down．
B．The public will lose faith in bringing about a bright future．
C．Businesses will have even greater influence on science．
D．People will work more actively to put science under control．
（3）The discussion should reach beyond scientific societies because
A．scientists have failed to predict the outcomes
B．the ties between different areas need strengthening
C．united efforts are necessary for the development of science
D．people need to work together to prevent the bad use of science
（4）What is the main idea of the passage？
A．Science and its applications bring us many dangers．
B．Mankind can largely take control of science with their efforts．
C．The future of science will be influenced by the dangerous ideas．
D．The development of science mostly lies in people's attitudes．

共享时间:2016-04-19 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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205079. （2022•蓝田县•高一上期末） The Food Trainer（FoodT app）trains people to tap on images of healthy foods but to stop when they see unhealthy snacks.The new study，by the universities of Exeter and Helsinki，found that playing the game a- bout once a day for a month led to an average one-point reduction of junk food consumption（消费）.
Generally，people who used the app more also reported great changes in their food intake.One app user wrote， "Really useful.I used to eat junk food two to four times a week and I have reduced this to once a week after using the app regularly for a month.My desire for junk food has been reduced greatly and I no longer eat in the evening mindlessly. "
   The app regularly asks questions about how often users eat certain foods，along with other information such as their age and weight.Then the study used FoodT usage data and found that using the app regularly was connected with big changes in eating habits.
   The app is free and it only takes about four minutes per day，so it's something people can do not just at home but at work and elsewhere. "From our results it seems important that you do the training at regular times and don't just stop.Therefore，keep it interesting，so you won't get bored with it.Personalize the app as much as possible and pick the foods that you find really hard to resist， "said Natalia Lawrence，a professor of the University of Exeter.
   The researchers stress that their findingould be further proved，because there was no comparison group and other factors（ such as the possibility that people who did more training were also more motivated （有动力的）to lose weight）.

（1）What is the purpose of FoodT app？
A．To help people lose weight.
B．To explain the harm of junk food.
C．To offer some fun games to players.
D．To improve people's eating habits.
（2）How did the researchers carry out the study？
A．By studying some data.
B．By making an experiment.
C．By referring to users' comments.
D．By introducing the app's technology.
（3）What is required to ensure the effectiveness of the app？
A．Paying for the app.
B．Using the app regularly.
C．Updating the app quite often.
D．Having enough memory space.
（4）Which is the closest meaning to the underlined word "resist" in Paragraph4？
A．Refuse.
B．Repeat.
C．Report.
D．Review.

共享时间:2022-02-09 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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217775. （2025•西安中学•高二下期末） The connection between people and plants has long been the subject of scientific research.Recent studies have found positive effects.A study conducted in Youngstown，Ohio，for example，discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime.In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.
   The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology（MIT）have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse，even unusual functions.These include plants that have sensors（传感器） printed onto their leaves to show when they're short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater. "We're thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day，"explained Michael Strano，a professor of chemical engineering at MIT.
   One of his latest projects has been to make plants grow（发光）in experiments using some common vegetables.Strano's team found that they could create a faint light for three-and-a-half hours.The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start.The technology，Strano said，could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn tree into self-powered street lamps（灯）.
   In the future，the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a one-off treatment that would last the plant's lifetime.The engineers are also trying to develop an on and off"switch"where the glow would fade when exposed to daylight.
   Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed （消耗）in the US.Since lighting is often far removed from the power source（电源） - such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway- a lot of energy is lost during transmission（传输）.
   Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy.

（1）What is the first paragraph mainly about？
A．A new study of different plants.
B．A big fall in crime rates.
C．Employees from various workplaces.
D．Benefits from green plants.
（2）What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer？
A．To detect plants' lack of water
B．To change compositions of plants
C．To make the life of plants longer.
D．To test chemicals in plants.
（3）What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future？
A．They will speed up energy production.
B．They may transmit electricity to the home.
C．They might help reduce energy consumption.
D．They could take the place of power plants.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？
A．Can we grow more glowing plants？
B．How do we live with glowing plants？
C．Could glowing plants replace lamps？
D．How are glowing plants made pollution-free？

共享时间:2025-07-09 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203074. （2017•铁一中学•三模） It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar，but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet．Looking at past studies they found that，while heavy drinkers do put on weight；those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight．
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says，"Light to moderate alcohol intake，especially of wine，may be more likely to protect against，rather than promote，weight gain．"The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions，particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight．
Boston University's Dr．Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms（生物学机制） relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood．His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes（糖尿病），which relate to increasing obesity．Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers．
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat，and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods．They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks，taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight．
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one's risk of becoming obese．What's more，a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol，a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells．

（1）The passage is mainly for those

A．who produce wine	B．who have a drinking habit
C．who go on a diet	D．who are eager to lose weight

（2）How does the writer clarify his view at the very beginning？

A．By quotation	B．By comparison
C．By question．D．By statement．

（3）What can we learn from the passage ．
A．Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight．
B．Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat．
C．The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect．
D．The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear．
（4）What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows？
A．How to do some easy experiments．
B．How to reduce the calories contained in wine．
C．How to prove the finding mentioned above．
D．How to make wine in a healthy way．

共享时间:2017-04-15 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203543. （2025•铁一中学•高二上期末）      Last winter I enjoyed a brief adventure in Guatemala.Over a period of 12 days，I explored through the jungle to watch the sunrise and danced in the street during the holiday parade.But looking back on that trip，what I remember most vividly is a New Year's Eve in Guatemala City，at a lifeless hotel.Rather than a countdown to midnight，I counted down the hours until my departure.
    Nothing special happened during that night.Rather，the big role this hotel plays in my memories can be explained by a psychological principle called the recency effect."The recency effect helps to account for our tendency to remember the ending part of a sequence of events with far more clarity than the rest，"said Dr.Mary Poffenroth，a biopsychologist.
    She says it arises from our short-term memory's inability to hold on to more than a small amount of information at once.So while there is no magic formula to create lovely travel memories，employing the recency effect can turn a good trip into an unforgettable one.
    Dr.Stephanie，a Neuroscientist，says that while you can strategically set off the recency effect at a trip's end，you may have multiple opportunities to create lasting memories all along the way by breaking it up into smaller chunks.
    Keep in mind that the recency effect can also backfire."Ending an amazing trip with stressful flight delays，lost luggage or feeling unwell might be enough to overshadow the entire experience，resulting in remembering the trip as awful instead of joyful，"Stephanie said.
    To avoid disproportionately（不成比例地） spotlighting the final days，Poffenroth has created a trip.She amplifies（增强） earlier days in a trip to keep her memories well-rounded."I collect little bits that will remind me of that day：a subway ticket，a seashell，a cardboard drink with a pub's logo on it."Then，ae is packing on the last day， "I go through all my little found treasures and spend a few moments recalling each one，"she said."This gives me a sense of closure for that chapter of travel and makes the experience memorable."

（1）How did the author feel about the New Year's Eve in Guatemala City？
A.It was boring.
B.It was eventful.
C.It was relaxing.
D.It was cheerful.
（2）What do we know about the recency effect from paragraph 2？
A.It is based on a psychological principle.
B.It is widely used to create lovely memories.
C.It highlights the final part of a series of events.
D.It makes up for the inability of short-term memory.
（3）What does the underlined word"backfire"mean in paragraph 4？
A.Be avoided to some extent.
B.Be applied extensively.
C.Produce undesirable consequences.
D.Pose unexpected challenges.
（4）According to Poffenroth，which of the following may help travelers have good memories？
A.Share travel experiences.
B.Recall the final days of a journey.
C.Purchase as many souvenirs as possible.
D.Purposely gather reminders of a journey.

共享时间:2025-03-01 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203544. （2025•铁一中学•高二上期末）     Artificial intelligence models can trick each other into disobeying their creators and providing banned instructions for making drugs，or even building a bomb，suggesting that preventing such AI "jailbreaks" is more difficult than it seems.
    Many publicly available large language models （LLMs），such as ChatGPT，have hard-coded rules that aim to prevent them from exhibiting racial or sexual discrimination，or answering questions with illegal or problematic answers—things they have learned from humans via training data.But that hasn't stopped people from finding carefully designed instructions that block these protections，known as "jailbreaks"，making AI models disobey the rules.
    Now，Arush Tagade at Leap Laboratories and his co-workers have found a process of jailbreaks.They found that they could simply instruct one LLM to convince other models to adopt a persona （角色），which is able to answer questions the base model has been programmed to refuse.This process is called "persona modulation （调节）".
    Tagade says this approach works because much of the training data consumed by large models comes from online conversations，and the models learn to act in certain ways in response to different inputs.By having the right conversation with a model，it is possible to make it adopt a particular persona，causing it to act differently.
    There is also an idea in AI circles，one yet to be proven，that creating lots of rules for an AI to prevent it displaying unwanted behaviour can accidentally create a blueprint for a model to act that way.This potentially leaves the AI easy to be tricked into taking on an evil persona. "If you're forcing your model to be good persona，it somewhat understands what a bad persona is，" says Tagade.
    Yinzhen Li at Imperial College London says it is worrying how current models can be misused，but developers need to weigh such risks with the potential benefits of LLMs. "Like drugs，they also have side effects that need to be controlled，" she says.

（1）What does the AI jailbreak refer to？
A.The technique to break restrictions of AI models.
B.The initiative to set hard-coded rules for AI models.
C.The capability of AI models improving themselves.
D.The process of AI models learning new information.
（2）What can we know about the persona modulation？
A.It can help AI models understand emotions.
B.It prevents AI learning via online conversations.
C.It forces AI models to follow only good personas.
D.It can make AI models adopt a particular persona.
（3）What may the author suggest by saying the underlined sentence in the last paragraph？
A.The risks of LLMs cannot be ignored.
B.We need to control the side effects of drugs.
C.It's worthwhile to explore LLMs' potential benefits.
D.We should restrict the development of LLMs.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A.LLMs：Illegal Learning Models
B.LLMs：The Latest Advancement
C.AI Jailbreaks：A New Challenge
D.AI Jailbreaks：A Perfect Approach

共享时间:2025-03-01 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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dygzyyyn

2015-10-21

高中英语 | 高一上 | 阅读理解

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