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214460. （2019•西安中学•高三上期中）（The New York Times，Oct.7）The 2019 Nobel Prize in physiology（生理学） or medicine was jointly awarded to three scientists - William G．Kaelin Jr．，Peter J．Ratcliffe and Gregg L．Semenza - for their work on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability．The Nobel Assembly announced the prize at the Karolinska Institute in Stockholm on Monday．
   Their work established the genetic mechanisms（机制） that allow cells to respond to changes in oxygen levels．The findings have implications（启示） for treating a variety of diseases．
   Why did they win？
   "Oxygen is the lifeblood of living organisms（生物体），" said Dr．George Daley，dean of Harvard Medical School． "Without oxygen，cells can't survive．" But too much or too little oxygen can be deadly．The three researchers tried to answer this question：How do cells regulate their responses？
   The investigators uncovered detailed genetic responses to changing oxygen levels that allow cells in the bodies of humans and other animals to sense and respond to fluctuations（波动），increasing and decreasing how much oxygen they receive．
   Why is the work important？
   The discoveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that control such things as adaptation to high altitudes and how cancer cells manage to hijack（攫取） oxygen．Randall Johnson，a member of the Nobel Assembly，described the work as a "textbook discovery" and said it would be something students would start learning at the most basic levels of biology education．
   "This is a basic aspect of how a cell works，and I think from that standpoint alone it's a very exciting thing．" Johnson said．
   The research also has implications for treating various diseases in which oxygen is in short supply - including anemia，heart attacks and strokes - as well as for treatment of cancers that are fed by and seek out oxygen．

（1）This research has won the Nobel Prize mainly because        ．
A．there was no research of this kind in the past
B．oxygen is the lifeblood of living things
C．it has uncovered how cells sense and respond to changes in oxygen levels
D．various diseases will be cured with the help of the findings of the research
（2）We can learn from the passage that        ．
A．The Nobel Prize was awarded to a physiologist on Monday in Sweden．
B．Cancer cells manage to hijack oxygen and need oxygen to develop．
C．The more oxygen there is in blood，the healthier a living body will be．
D．The genetic mechanisms have been found that allow oxygen to adapt to cells．
（3）Which of the following can best explain the underlined word in the text？
A．used for textbooks
B．powerful and authoritative
C．typical as a perfect example
D．basic and clear
（4）In which part of The New York Times can you find this article？
A．Entertainment
B．Culture
C．Technology
D．Science

共享时间:2019-11-14 难度:3

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科技，科普知识，说明文，

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（1）C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段，The 2019 Nobel Prize in physiology（生理学） or medicine was jointly awarded to three scientists ﹣ William G．Kaelin Jr．，Peter J．Ratcliffe and Gregg L．Semenza ﹣ for their work on how cells sense and adapt to oxygen availability．2019年诺贝尔生理学或医学奖联合颁发给三位科学家﹣小威廉G．卡林、彼得J．拉特克利夫和格雷格L．塞门扎，表彰他们在细胞如何感知和适应氧气供应方面所做的工作．可知，这项研究会获奖是因为它揭示了细胞对氧含量变化的感觉和反应．结合选项，故选C．
（2）B．细节理解题．根据文章第七段，The discoveries reveal the cellular mechanisms that control such things as adaptation to high altitudes and how cancer cells manage to hijack（攫取） oxygen．这些发现揭示了控制诸如适应高海拔地区的细胞机制，以及癌细胞是如何劫持氧气的．由此可知，癌细胞能够劫持氧气，需要氧气才能发育．结合选项，故选B．
（3）C．词义猜测题．根据文章第七段，Randall Johnson，a member of the Nobel Assembly，described the work as a "textbook discovery" and said it would be something students would start learning at the most basic levels of biology education．诺贝尔大会成员兰德尔•约翰逊形容这项工作是一项"教科书发现"，并表示这将是学生们在生物教育最基本层面上开始学习的东西．由此可知，划线单词意为：一种典型的非常完美的例子，结合选项，故选C．
（4）D．文章来源题．根据文章内容，主要讲述了小威廉G．卡林、彼得J．拉特克利夫和格雷格L．塞门扎三位科学家，在研究细胞如何感知和适应氧气供应方面所取得的成就．该类呈现科学研究成果的文章，应出现在报纸的科学专栏，结合选项，故选D．

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203824. （2024•周至四中•高二上期末） Agricultural scientists in Switzerland have demonstrated the long-term effect of organic farming methods.Organic farms use no man-made chemicals to increase crops or control insects and disease.The study showed that organic fields produced fewer crops，on average，than other fields.However，the scientists say the organic methods improved the health of the soil and used half as much energy.
   The Swiss scientists compared the effects of organic and traditional farming methods over a period of more than twenty years.They grew crops on four fields of land in Switzerland.Two fields were grown using traditional farming methods.The others were grown using organic farming methods.The crops and soil use were similar in all the fields studied.
   The study found that the organic fields produced about 20% fewer crops than the other fields.However，the farmers used less fertilizer and energy on the organic fields.They found the organic fields were healthier.
   The scientists say the organic fields had more nutrients in the soil.The soils in the organic fields also had more biological activity than the other fields.The organic fields had more helpful organisms and a larger number of different organisms.The organic fields had almost two times as many insects，including helpful insects.In traditional farming，chemicals designed to kill harmful insects also kill helpful ones.
   The researchers say the findingow that organic crop production rates change little over time，and that soil fertility increases.They say the finds suggest that organic farmers can help the environment by increasing soil fertility.
   Organic farming is becoming increasingly popular in some countries.Many people believe that eating organic food is more healthful than eating food grown with chemicals.Some people are willing to pay more money to buy organic food.

（1）What does the study show about the organic methods？
A．They have more output than other fields.
B．They benefit the health of the human and the soil.
C．They use more energy than traditional ones.
D．They can control diseases without using any chemicals.
（2）In what way do the researchers carry out the experiment？
A．Selecting the best seeds.
B．Using the latest technology.
C．Applying different methods.
D．Planting crops in special soils.
（3）What does paragraph 4 mainly talk about concerning organic fields？
A．Its strengths.
B．Its products.
C．Its application.
D．Itortage.
（4）What can we infer from the text？
A．No insects exist in organic fields.
B．Organic farming is environment-friendly.
C．People can't afford organic food at present.
D．Organic crop production rate increases rapidly.

共享时间:2024-02-12 难度:3 相似度:2

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215287. （2016•长安区一中•高二下期中） A scientist turns out to be able to see the future by offering each of some four-year-olds a piece of candy and watching how he or she deals with it．Some children reach eagerly for the treat they see．Some last a few minutes before they give in．But others are determined to wait until the last moment．
By the time the children reach high school，something remarkable has happened．A survey found that those who as four-year-olds had enough self-control to hold out generally grew up to be more popular，adventurous，confident and dependable．The children who gave in to temptation early on were more likely to be lonely，easily frustrated and inflexible．Actually，the ability to delay reward is a sign of emotional intelligence which doesn't show up on an IQ test．
The hardware of the brain and the software of the mind have long been scientists' concerns．But brain theory can't explain what we wonder about most，like the question why some people remain upbeat in the face of troubles that would sink a less resistant soul．
Here comes the theory of Daniel Goleman，writer of Emotional Intelligence：when it comes to predicting people's success，brain ability as measured by IQ may actually matter less than the qualities of mind once thought of as"character"．
EQ is not the opposite of IQ．What researchers have been trying to understand is how they work together；how one's ability to handle stress，for instance，affects the ability to concentrate and put intelligence to use．Among the elements for success，researchers now generally agree that IQ counts for about 20%；the rest depends on everything from social class to luck．
While many researchers in this relatively new field are glad to see emotional issues finally taken seriously，some few fear EQ invites misuse．

（1）The experiment with the four-year-olds makes it clear that ．
A．the age of 4 is a proper time for scientific experiment
B．emotional intelligence won't show up until adolescence
C．the ability of self-control plays a role in personal success
D．candy can be used to measure a person's emotional intelligence
（2）The underlined word"upbeat"in Paragraph 4 probably means ．

A．kind

B．floating

C．excited

D．cheerful

（3）Why does the author mention the experiment at the beginning of the text？
A．To amuse both the children and readers．
B．To prove the scientist's wisdom．
C．To introduce the topic of the text．
D．To show us how to do an IQ test．

共享时间:2016-05-30 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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213763. （2023•西安三中•高二下期中） There are plenty of concerns about robots stealing jobs from hard-working，flesh-and-blood humans.However，Japan's Henna "Strange" Hotel has fired half of its 243 robot staff，because these labor-saving machines were causing more problems than they were solving— and requiring humans to come in and fix things as a result.
One of the victims of the robot layoffs was a doll-shaped robot called Cheri，which functioned as an artificial intelligence assistant.Unfortunately.Cheri tuned out to be pretty poor at answering questions from hotel guests.A pair of dinosaur robots，which worked at the hotel check-in，were also made non-existent by the firings since they wound up being unable to do many of the jobs required of 8 receptionist.A concierge （服务台职员） robot，meanwhile，was replaced by a human better able to answer important questions about nearby tourist attractions.Humans are also now going to carry luggage to the rooms，one quarter of which the previous porter robots were only able to reach—and only in excellent weather conditions.
Not surprisingly，the hotel，recognized in 2016 as the world's first robot-staffed hotel by Guinness World Records， allured curious visitors from all around the world.Encouraged by the success the hotel s owner，Sawada opened seven additional locations across Japan and announced plans to build at least 50 more.
In the end，though，it seems that—as great as robots can be—they're simply not suitable for every role just yet.With the rise of robot bar-tenders，robot-staffed restaurants and the like，it will be interesting to see how many similar concepts fall apart in the coming years.After all，once the novelty of a dinosaur robot on reception wears off，you're just faced with a receptionist who can't properly understand you and lacks an effective number of fingers on each hand to properly photocopy your passport.

（1）Which of the following was used to answer such questions as scenic spots？
A．A porter robot.
B．A dinosaur robot.
C．A concierge robot.
D．A doll-shaped robot.
（2）What does the underlined word "allured" refer to in Paragraph 3？
A．attracted
B．relaxed
C．thrilled
D．upset
（3）What does the author think of the robot staff？
A．They did better than humans.
B．They couldn't replace humans entirely.
C．The rest of them will be fired.
D．They were a big challenge for humans.
（4）What might be the most suitable title of the text？
A．World's First Robot-staffed Hotel.
B．Robots Perform Various Functions.
C．Humans Will Replace Robots Eventually.
D．Japanese Hotel Fires Half Its Robot Staff.

共享时间:2023-05-18 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203777. （2024•铁一中学•高一上期末）     Despite the fact that parrots are well known for their long lives and complex cognition （认知），it remains unknown whether the two traits（特征） have influenced each other.
    "The problem has been sourcing good quality data，" said Simeon Smeele，a doctoral student at the Max Planck Institute of Animal Behavior （MPI-AB） and lead author of a study published in Proceedings of the Royal Society B that tried to solve this question.
    Scientists from the MPI-AB and the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology （MPI-EvA） teamed up with Species360 to compile data from over 130，000 individual parrots sourced from over 1，000 zoos to find the average life span of 217 parrot species.
    The analysis revealed an astonishing diversity in life expectancy，ranging from an average of two years for the fig parrot up to an average of 30 years for the scarlet macaw.
    Next，the team tried to determine whether or not parrots' renowned cognitive abilities had any influence on their longevity.Their results support the theory that increased brain size has enabled longer lifespans.Because brain size relative to body size can be an indicator of intelligence，the findings suggested that the parrots with larger brains were able to survive for longer in the wild.
    The scientists were surprised that factors such as diet，or the greater developmental time required to develop larger brains，did not lead to longer average lifespans. "We would have expected the developmental path to play a more important role because in primates it is this developmental cost that explains the link between brain size and longevity，" said Smeele.
    In the future，the team plan to explore if sociality and cultural learning in parrots might have also contributed to long lifespans.Smeele said： "Large-brained birds might spend more time socially learning foraging（觅食） techniques that have been around for multiple generations.This increased learning period could potentially also explain the longer life spans，as it takes more time but also makes the foraging repertoire（全部技能） more adaptive."

（1）What did the study aim to find out about parrots？
A The diversity in their life expectancies.
B．The factors that influence their intelligence.
C．The traits that help them survive in the wild.
D．The link between their cognition and life spans.
（2）How did the researchers carry out their study？
A．By surveying over 1，000 zoos.
B．By examining parrots' brains.
C．By analyzing the collected data.
D．By observing parrots' behavior.
（3）Which is a possible cause of parrots' longevity？
A．Their diet.
B．Their body size.
C．Their larger brains.
D．Their brains development time.
（4）What is the last paragraph mainly about？
A．Supporting evidence for the research results.
B．Potential applications of the research findings.
C．A further explanation of the research methods.
D．Further research based on current findings.

共享时间:2024-02-05 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203804. （2024•周至四中•高一上期末）      Millions of years ago dinosaurs lived on the earth.In the days of dinosaurs the whole earth was warm and wet.There were green forests and they could find enough to eat.Later，parts of the earth became cold and dry，and the forests there died.Then dinosaurs could not find enough to eat.This must be one reason why dinosaurs died out.
   We can guess another reason.New kinds of animals came on the earth.Some had big brains and were fast and strong.They could kill dinosaurs.
   There may be other reasons that we don't know about yet.Scientists are trying to make more discoveries about dinosaurs.
   Dinosaurs have many sizes and shapes（形状）.Some were as small as chickens，while some were about 90 feet long.
   There were also terrible fights between dinosaurs.They might have happened more than 100 million years ago.Though there was no man to see any of the fights，we can be told by the footprints（足迹）that fights did take place.

（1）According to the passage，dinosaurs did exist only        on the earth.
A.for millions of years
B.millions of years ago
C.more than 100 million years ago
D.when it was warm and wet somewhere
（2）One reason why dinosaurs died out is that        .
A.there were too many dinosaurs
B.parts of the earth became warm and wet
C.there were many green forests
D.they couldn't find enough to eat
（3）We can see from this passage        .
A.scientists are trying to make some dinosaurs
B.dinosaurs are dangerous enough
C.dinosaurs are worth studying further
D.scientists know nothing about dinosaurs
（4）Those terrible fights can be explained by        .
A.footprints
B.imagination
C.rocks and forests
D.dinosaurs' eggs

共享时间:2024-02-09 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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213745. （2023•高陵一中•高二下期中）     There's a new AI bot：ChatGPT，and you'd better pay attention，even if you aren't into artificial intelligence.The tool is an AI chatbot system that OpenAI released in November 2022 to show off and test what a very large，powerful AI system can achieve.
   ChatGPT remembers the thread of your dialogue，using previous questions and answers to inform its next responses.It derives（获得） its answers from huge volumes of information on the Internet.ChatGPT is built on top of the OpenAI GPT-3 family of large language models and is fine-tuned （a method of transfer learning） using both supervised and reinforcement learning （监督和强化学习）.
   You can ask ChatGPT anything，like explaining physics，asking for birthday party ideas and getting programming help.Perhaps it's not smart enough to replace all humans yet，but it can be creative，and its answers can sound downright authoritative（权威的）.A few days after its launch，more than 1 million people were trying out ChatGPT.UBS analyst Loyd Walmsley estimated in February 2023 that ChatGPT reached 100 million monthly users in January，accomplishing in 2 months what took TikTok about 9 months and Instagram two and a half years.
   ChatGPT is free to use at the moment because it is still in its research period.But when too many people hop onto the server（跳转到服务器），it overloads and cannot process your request.It just means you should try visiting the site at a later time when fewer people are trying to access it.If you want to skip the wait and have reliable access，there is a choice for you，ChatGPT Plus，which allows users to have general access even during peak times.This service does come at a cost of ﹩20 per month.
    However，ChatGPT cannot replace Google.ChatGPT is an artificial intelligence robot that provides solutions to your questions，but Google is a search engine in which you can search for as much information as possible.ChatGPT has limited knowledge due to its programming but Google has unlimited knowledge which is updated every day.

（1）What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about ChatGPT？
A．Its working theory.
B．Its language model.
C．Its design inspiration.
D．Its development process.
（2）Why does the author list figures in paragraph 3？
A．To show the popularity of ChatGPT.
B．To stress the high cost of inventing ChatGPT.
C．To present the creativity of artificial intelligence.
D．To prove the necessity of developing tools for chatting online.
（3）What is ChatGPT Plus intended for？
A．Guiding users to experience free services.
B．Giving users priority access during peak hours.
C．Allowing net surfers to skip advertisements.
D．Helping researchers detect the failure of the system.
（4）What is a limitation of ChatGPT compared with Google？
A．It may provide replies unrelated to the questions.
B．It can only update information at a fixed time
C．It needs longer to provide solutions.
D．It operates based on limited data.

共享时间:2023-05-20 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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213715. （2022•高新一中•高二上期中） There's a continuing controversy over whether electric vehicleould produce sounds to let the blind and other pedestrians know they're on the scene.Some think those soundould be standardized—like the"beep，beep"of heavy machinery backing up，so you'll think "something heavy is coming this way"when you hear it—— and some think any sound will do.
   This is a serious subject.Plug-in hybrid cars（电混动力车） and battery electric vehicles are super-quiet，and a study at the University of California，Riverside concludes that people listening to recordings on headphones can hear a regular gas car coming from 28 feet away，but a hybrid in battery mode only when it's 7 feet away.
   In response，the European Union has put new rules into play：all new electric vehicle models must have a sound-producing device，which sounds like a traditional engine.Starting in 2021，all new electric vehicles of any model will need the Acoustic Vehicle Alerting System or AVAS.That sound will come into play when the car is traveling backwards or when it's traveling at less than 12 miles an hour—speeds at which cars are more likely to be mixing with pedestrians.
   That's a nice start，say representatives for the blind，but more is needed."We're calling on the government to take this announcement further by requiring AVAS on all existing electric and hybrid vehicles and ensuring drivers have them switched on，" John Welsman，a guide dog owner and Guide Dogs staff member，said in a statement.
   Drivers in most cases have the ability to shut off the device when needed.My guess is that they will eventually be standardized so your mind will automatically register"electric car" when you hear it.And that's probably a good thing to reduce the mayhem（混乱） on the roads.

（1）How does the author show"electric cars are quiet"in Paragraph 2？
A．By making a classification.
B．By making a comparison.；
C．By analyzing cause and effect.
D．By setting down general rules.
（2）What can be learned about the AVAS？
A．It was developed by the European Union.
B．It was designed for inexperienced drivers.
C．It consists of a sound-producing device and an engine.
D．It warns pedestrians of the coming of an electric car.
（3）What does John Welsman think of the new rules？
A．They are too strict for drivers.
B．They are too complex to follow.
C．They need further improvement.
D．They hardly allow for any flexibility.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title of the passage？
A．Electric cars with a standardized sound-producing device.
B．The increasing popularity of a new type of electric car on sale.
C．The current problems with electric vehicles.
D．Quiet electric cars' disorganization on roads.

共享时间:2022-11-18 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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213667. （2023•鄠邑区•高一下期中）     Optical（光学的）fiber is a flexible line of glass capable of carrying information over long distances.Scientists Dr.Robert Maurer.Dr.Peter Schultz，and Dr.Donald Keck invented the first low-loss optical fiber in 1970.Inspired by their belief that information could be sent through light，they spent four years experimenting with different kinds of glass until they succeeded.
    Optical fiber was an answer to consumer demand for increased bandwidth （带宽）.Beginning in the 1960s.the telecommunications industry realized that the existing copper wire infrastructure（基础设施）could no longer keep up as communications traffic increased.Optical fiber changed the telecommunications industry greatly because it，unlike copper，offered limitless bandwidth.Because of those qualities，optical fiber has become the backbone of the networks that we use today to send voice，data，and video around the world.
    The first optical fiber was celebrated for having a total attenuation of 17 dB/km.Today，there are optical fibers with attenuation as low as 0.17 dB/km，which translates to signal loss being 100 times better than the first one.As a result，optical fiber is the preferred medium for fast.reliable communications networks.
    Today，optical fiber provides the infrastructure for broadband connectivity all around the world.Optical fiber supports all the communications and interactive technology we use every day.Because of the global fiber network，you have instant access to voice，information，and video through devices such as smartphones，computers，high-definition TV.CPS，and game systems through which you get directions，send email，conduct research.join social networks，shop，and download music，movies，and more.
    As has been the case from the very beginning，one driver that shapes the future of optical fiber is market demand.Optical fiber continues to create new opportunities in how we live，work，and play.Innovations such as Cloud Computing will enable us to partner with technology in a way never before possible.

（1）What drives the scientists to invent the optical fiber？
A．No enough copper.
B．Better understanding of light.
C．Invention of glass.
D．Need for faster information sending.
（2）What does the underlined word "attenuation" in Paragraph 3 mean？
A．Signal.
B．Loss.
C．Power.
D．Metal.
（3）What can we learn about the optical fiber in Paragraph 4？
A．It has limited usage.
B．It needs more devices.
C．It benefits life and technology.
D．It offers better resources.
（4）What is the passage mainly about？
A．The development and advantages of optical fiber.
B．The ways to develop optical fiber.
C．The future of optical fiber.
D．Different opinions about optical fiber.

共享时间:2023-05-15 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203919. （2024•鄠邑区•高三上期末）      With a fragrance（芳香） through the bedrooms of older adults for two hours every night for six months，memories skyrocketed.Participants in this study by University of California，Irvine （UCI） neuroscientists gained a 226% increase in cognitive capacity compared to the control group.The researchers say the finding transforms the long-known tie between smell and memory into an easy，non-invasive technique for strengthening memory and potentially preventing dementia（痴呆）.
   The project was conducted through the UCI Center for the Neurobiology of Learning &.Memory.It involved men and women aged 60 to 85 without memory impairment.All were given seven small containers，each containing a single and different natural oil.People in the enriched group received full-strength oils.Control group participants were given the oils in tiny amounts.Participants put a different container into their room each evening prior to going to bed，and it activated for two hours as they slept.
   People in the enriched group showed a 226% increase in cognitive performance compared to the control group，as measured by a word list test commonly used to evaluate memory.Participants also reported sleeping more soundly.The researchers say the results from their study bear out what scientists learned about the connection between smell and memory.
   Scientists have long known that the loss of ability to smell，can predict development of nearly 70 neurological and psychiatric diseases.These include Alzheimer's and other dementias，Parkinson's and alcoholism.Researchers have previously found that exposing people with moderate dementia to up to 40 different smells twice a day over a period of time improved their memories and language skills，eased depression and improved their sense of smell.
   The team would next like to study the technique's impact on people with diagnosed cognitive loss.A product based on their study and designed for people to use at home is expected to come onto the market this fall.

（1）What field may the findings be applied to？
A．Controlling sleep.
B．Promoting memory.
C．Developing skills.
D．Exploring smells.
（2）What is paragraph 2 mainly about？
A．Research results.
B．Research purpose.
C．Research methods.
D．Research process.
（3）How did researchers assess the performance of the participants？
A．By giving the participants a test.
B．By scanning the participants' brain.
C．By observing the participants' actions.
D．By asking about the participants' feeling.
（4）What will the researchers focus on in future？
A．Developing a smell product.
B．The impact of cognitive loss.
C．Application of research results.
D．Doing market research for their product.

共享时间:2024-02-07 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203901. （2024•莲湖区•高二上期末）     Plastic is everywhere in our modern world.Its toughness makes it an extremely useful material from household items to vehicle parts，but that same toughness makes it hard to break down for recycling or disposal（处理）.However，Japanese scientists at the University of Tokyo have developed a new plastic material that can be broken down more easily and can self-heal and remember past shapes.
    Based on a kind of plastic called an epoxy resin vitrimer，which is brittle（脆性的），the new plastic boasts a huge range of advantages.Once scratched with a knife，it can completely patch itself up after being heated to 150℃for just 60 seconds.When shaped into the shape of a crane，then flattened，it can fold itself back into the crane shape by being heated up.It does all of this much faster than others of its type.
   The new plastic can also break down easier.Even if it's discarded（丢弃） into the environment，it still poses less of a problem than other kinds of plastic，which the team demonstrated by placing it in seawater for 30 days.It biodegraded by 25% and released molecules（分子） that are essential food for marine life.
   The new plastic is more resistant to breaking.It can also repair itself，and can recover its original memorized shape.It even biodegrades safely in a marine environment，according to Shota Ando，a researcher of the study.
   The material can be used in a variety of applications."Infrastructure materials for roads and bridges are often composed of epoxy resins mixed with compounds such as concrere and carbon，"said Ando."By using the new plastic，these would be easier to maintain as they would be stronger and healable using heat.Unlike conventional epoxy resins，this new material is hard but stretchable，so it could also be expected to strongly bond materials of different hardness and stretch."

（1）What is the author's purpose in writing paragraph 1？
A.To highlight the importance of plastic.
B.To show the disadvantages of plastic.
C.To introduce the topic of the text.
D.To indicate his views on previous plastic.
（2）What do the underlined words "patch itself up" mean in paragraph 2？
A.Change itself.
B.Repair itself.
C.Shape itself.
D.Burn itself.
（3）What do we know about the new plastic？
A.It is safe for animals in the ocean.
B.It can provide nutrition for animals.
C.It can change itape when frozen.
D.It is more brittle than previous plastic.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？
A.Research Of New Molecules
B.An Interesting Scientific Study
C.The Widespread Application Of Plastic
D.A New Environmentally Friendly Plastic

共享时间:2024-02-18 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203920. （2024•鄠邑区•高三上期末）     Researchers have proposed a novel method for counting and tracking vehicles on public roads，a development that could improve current traffic systems and help travelers get to their destinations faster.
    Using the cameras already installed on campus buses at the Ohio State University，researchers proved that they could automatically and accurately measure counts of vehicles on urban roadways，detect objects in the road and distinguish parked vehicles from those that are moving.
    In previous studies，Ohio State researchers found that using these mobile cameras provides much better spatial and temporal（时间的） coverage than relying on often temporarily placed sensors that don't provide a view of many streets and roads in a city.
    "If we collect and process more high-resolution（高清） spatial information about what's happening on the roads，then planners could better understand changes in demand，effectively improving efficiency in the broader transportation system，"said Keith Redmill，lead author of the study.
    "If we can measure traffic in a way that is as good or better than what is conventionally done with fixed sensors，then we will have created something incredibly useful extremely cheaply，"he said."Our goal is to start building a system that could do this without much manual intervention because if you want to collect this information over lots of potential vehicles and lots of time，it's worth fully automating that process."
    While still a long way from total implementation（实施），the study suggests the system's results bear promise for the future of intelligent traffic surveillance.Transportation planners，engineers and operators make vital decisions about the future of our roadways，so when designing transportation systems to work over the next 30 to 50 years，it's necessary that we give them data that allows them to improve the efficiency of the system and the level of service provided to travelers.

（1）How can cameras on buses benefit travelers？
A.By shortening their travel time.
B.By making their schedules tight.
C.By decreasing their transport cost.
D.By improving their safety awareness.
（2）What can we know about the sensors placed on buses？
A.They provide more spatial coverage.
B.They can't detect objects on the road.
C.They cover less view of the urban traffic.
D.They accurately record the flow of traffic.
（3）What does the underlined word"surveillance"in paragraph 6 mean？
A.Operation.
B.Monitoring.
C.Protection.
D.Arrangement.
（4）What is a suitable title for the text？
A.Transportation automation is on its way
B.It is time to improve the efficiency of traffic system
C.Transportation planners use cameras to make policies
D.Cameras installed on buses can better measure traffic

共享时间:2024-02-07 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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203957. （2024•鄠邑二中•高二下期末）     A recent study in the journal Current Biology found that people danced 12% more when very low frequency bass （低音） was played.Scientists wanted to see what factors of music make us want to dance. "We look at things like what kinds of rhythms make us really drawn in and want to move more，" said Daniel Cameron，a neuroscientist and the lead author of the study.
    Volunteers were led into a lab that was changed into an electronic dance music concert，with live music performed for them，who were equipped with headband s that had a motion capture sensor.The lab had special speakers that could play a very low frequency bass，undetectable to the human ear.The set lasted about an hour.Researchers introduced the very low bass every 2.5 minutes and found that the concertgoers moved more when the speakers were on —even though they couldn't hear it.
    Cameron thinks that our vestibular （前庭的） system can help explain the reason. "It's the inner-ear structures that give us a sense of where our head is in space，" he says. "That system is sensitive to low-frequency stimulation，especially if it's loud."
    Some people hear music and can't help but move，whether there are low，silent bass frequencies or not.So why do humans dance？ "It's hard to test this，but there has been some work on why we may have evolved this way.We know that moving together in synchrony （同步） when we're making music together and dancing together leads to social bonding.We feel better about the people we're with.We feel more connected with them，" Cameron says. "So you can imagine this has potential advantages for groups throughout the long history of our species."
    Evolution aside，Cameron finds value in knowing his study has uncovered just one of the ingredients for what makes us want to dance a little bit more.

（1）What does Cameron's research focus on？
A.The popularity of dancing among people.
B.The evolutionary reasons why humans dance.
C.The musical elements that encourage dancing.
D.The little effect of low frequency bass on dancers.
（2）What can we learn about the research setup described in paragraph 2？
A.Low frequency bass was played regularly.
B.Participants tracked their own movements.
C.The dance music was performed in a live concert.
D.The human speakers performed for an entire hour.
（3）Why might humans have evolved to dance according to Cameron？
A.To inspire imagination.
B.To promote communication.
C.To create work opportunities.
D.To stimulate the body's potential.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？
A.The Science of Dance
B.The Benefit Behind Dancing
C.The Role of Rhythms in Music
D.The Evolution of the Musical System

共享时间:2024-07-20 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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213609. （2023•莲湖区•高一下期中） Hunger is a very real problem around the globe.This year，almost 7 million people have died of hunger already.Why do people still die of hunger when there's more than enough food in the world？
   Well，considering that there are places in the world where basic needs like housing and clean，drinkable water are not met，then it doesn't come as a surprise that food is just not accessible to them.The food exists—it just doesn't get to where it needs to be.
   Nigerian farmer Samson Ogbole decided to go ahead and cultivate（培育） fruit and vegetables in a different way.Ogbole's farming process centres around two concepts：soilless farm-ing and aeroponics（气雾栽培）.To put it simply—he's growing food in the air.
   As Ogbole explained during a TED talk，aeroponics is the future of agriculture because it offers many benefits.For example，it is cheaper than traditional farming because there is no need to hire as many workers since everything is done with a"click".Also，this kind of farm-ing is more environmentally friendly since farmers don't use pesticides.At the same time，there are no space limitations—planting in the air means you can plant as many layers as you like.The sky is the limit literally!
   So，the young farmer has been practicing aeroponics for more than five years with impressive results.His work was recently praised on social media this summer when he was featured in a network post.In the post，Ogbole's farming method was mentioned，and Internet users had the chance to see pictures of the farmer's produce.
   Many viewers think southern Nigeria needs this method to grow crops.This will help in bringing down the price and avoiding future food blockades from the north.It seems that people are already realizing that this method will change the way people grow food.And，most importantly，it will help solve some of the issues related to hunger around the world.

（1）What does the figure in paragraph 1 show？
A．The necessity of growing food in the air.
B．The number of hungry people.
C．The seriousness of hunger.
D．The existing population problem.
（2）Why do people still starve to death in the world according to the text？
A．Food is not equally shared.
B．Their basic needs are not met.
C．There is not enough food supply.
D．They have no scientific planting methods.
（3）What is paragraph 4 mainly about？
A．The theory of aeroponics.
B．The advantages of aeroponics.
C．How to grow food in the air.
D．The downsides of traditional farming.
（4）What do viewers think of Ogbole's farming method？
A．Unrealistic.
B．Funny.
C．Promising.
D．Helpless.

共享时间:2023-05-27 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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204012. （2023•师大附中•高二下期末） If you have gone to the cinema and watched the popular movie "The Wandering Earth II" recently，you might be impressed by the intelligent computer MOSS.It can make the reasonable decision in the shortest time based on the given conditions.In fact，such strong AI like MOSS does not exist in reality for the time being.
   However，weaker AI，which replaces human processing in a specific field，has already influenced our daily life.For example，OpenAI，the San Francisco-based startup opened up the language model ChatGPT for public testing in November 2022.Compared with traditional search engines，which display simple results according to searching keywords，ChatGPT can interact with people just like dialoguing，answer professional questions，and also answer follow-up questions.Thanks to its revolutionary user experience，ChatGPT obtained more than one million users just five days after its release.
   More than a Chatbot，ChatGPT can also realize article creation，code generating and other functions only by requesting.ChatGPT can even write code such as Python，debug （排错）code and generate comments for code just like a professional programmer.It also presented strong capacity in content continuation，literary creation，music creation，etc.It is so powerful that New York City public schools have banned it from their networks and school devices.
   However，ChatGPT is still far from perfect.Even OpenAI's CEO once said， "It's a mistake to be relying on it for anything important right now.It's a preview of progress.We have lots of work to do on robustness（稳健性）and truthfulness."
   Even though AI like ChatGPT still has a long way to go，predictions about how the technology will influence our society are already there.Among the industries that may be most affected by ChatGPT，experts say，are journalism，law and translation.

（1）Why is the movie "The Wandering Earth II" mentioned in the first paragraph？
A．To introduce the topic of the text.
B．To prove that the movie is a hit.
C．To show how intelligent MOSS is.
D．To advertise the movie.
（2）Which statement about ChatGPT will the author probably agree with？
A．It's well-received for its truthfulness.
B．It can just display simple results content.
C．It should be banned from all school networks.
D．It makes human-machine interaction more intelligent.
（3）What does the OpenAI's CEO think of ChatGPT？
A．It's totally reliable.
B．It needs improving.
C．It's of no use.
D．It should speed up its progress.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．ChatGPT Works
B．ChatGPT Sells Well
C．AI Takes Over
D．Moss Beats ChatGPT

共享时间:2023-07-05 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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213563. （2022•未央区•高二上期中） A new study discovers that sharks do sleep，and they often sleep with their eyes open.Since some sharks have to swim constantly to keep oxygen-rich water flowing over their gills （鱼鳃），people have long thought that they don't sleep at all.
   Researchers from Australia have now recorded a species of shark sleeping for the first time，finishing the long-standing debate about whether sharks sleep.To see if sharks were in fact asleep，the team analyzed the metabolism（新陈代谢）and pose of seven draughtsboard sharks （猫鲨）over 24 hours.When the sharks were resting for five minutes or longer，their oxygen consumption dropped，which suggested the animals were sleeping.And the researchers also noticed that the sharks changed their posture by lying flat and closer to the ground.
   The sharks sometimes slept with their eyeut as well，though，mostly during the day.At night，they tended to keep their eyes open more often，leading researchers to suspect that the sharks' eye closure might have more to do with light than the sleep state itself. "Not only are sleeping sharks less responsive to their surroundings，but they also have lower metabolic rate，" said Michael Kelly，an ecophysiologist at La Trobe University.
   "Sharks are an important group as they are the oldest living jawed vertebrates（颌类脊椎动物）—a character they share with us，"Michael Kelly said."Sharks have been swimming in the sea for over 400 million years and have evolved very little in that time.Understanding how and why these animals sleep will provide important understanding into the function of sleep and how the animal has evolved over time."
   The team points out that more research will be needed to see if other species sleep like the draughtsboard sharks.Next they plan to continue to analyze the sharks' brain activity while they sleep，to learn more about their waking and resting states.

（1）What is the previous misunderstanding about sharks？
A．They sleep with their eyes closed.
B．They breathe in flowing water.
C．They swim frequently at night.
D．They always stay awake.
（2）What do researchers find about draughtsboard sharks？
A．They need to rest every five minutes in the sea.
B．They consume much less oxygen during the day.
C．They have the same pose when awake and when asleep.
D．They might close their eyes not to sleep but to avoid light.
（3）What does paragraph 4 talk about？
A．The process of the research.
B．The findings ot the research.
C．The significance of the research.
D．The introduction of the researchers.
（4）What does the researchers think of their research in the last paragraph？
A．Insufficient.
B．Unrealistic.
C．Meaningless.
D．Inefficient.

共享时间:2022-11-17 难度:2 相似度:1.67

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dygzyyyn

2019-11-14

高中英语 | 高三上 | 阅读理解

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2019-2020学年陕西省西安中学高三（上）期中英语试卷

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