首页 > 试题列表 > 单题解析

219826. （2020•高陵一中•高一上一月） The forests in eastern Zimbabwe supply the country with wood and most of its fresh fruit.But the removal of large numbers of trees and use of fire to clear land have caused a lot of damage to the area.Officials say Zimbabwe lost more than 1.5 million hectares of forest last year.This is mostly because of local people cutting the trees for firewood or setting fires in forested areas to make hunting easier.
   But now a non- profit group，called Environment Africa，is trying to improve the situation，Environment Africa is teaching farmers to raise bees.The group is working in the Mutasa district，near the country's border with Mozambique.And it has already helped about 1，500 farmers.
   Beniamin Chatambura is one such farmer.He has set up about 250 beehives（蜂箱）near his home.Chatambura sells the honey the bees produce and uses the money to feed his family.He likes having bees on his land because he insects help him and the forest. "The trees provide us with flowers"，he says. "That is the food for the bees to produce the honey.If there were a way，I would like more land to plant more different types of trees."
   Lawrence Nyagwande is with Environment Africa.He says most of the farmers are earning as much as S1，000 a month by selling honey.The average government worker in Zimbabwe earns just about ﹩500 a month.
   Nyagwande says，"Beekeeping is helping improve the country's forests.Now if you look around，the forest in Mutasa is now improving because people are also working together with the nearby timber（木材）industries to fight the forest fires."
   This project has caught the attention of the government.Violet Makoto represents Zimbabwe's Forestry Commission，a government agency that works to protect forests.She says the commission hopes local people will take up beekeeping and end the use of fire to clear land.

（1）What does Environment Africa do to save the forests？
A．Assist local farmers to sell honey at a high price.
B．Help farmers make a living through beekeeping.
C．Plant more different types of trees with farmers.
D．Join the farmers in fighting fires in the forests.
（2）What can we learn from Paragraph 4？
A．Trees are important to bees.
B．Beekeepers' income is large.
C．Timber Industries are harmful.
D．Forest loss is becoming worse.
（3）What is the governments attitude towards the project？
A．Passive.
B．Doubtful.
C．Ambiguous.
D．Supportive.

共享时间:2020-10-21 难度:3

纠错

下载

相似

组卷白板

[考点]

环境保护，说明文，应用文，

[答案]

BBD

[解析]

（1）B.推理判断题。根据第一段里的This is mostly because of local people cutting the trees for firewood or setting fires in forested areas to make hunting easier表示"这主要是因为当地人砍树当柴，或者在森林地区放火，以便于狩猎"，以及第二段的But now a non﹣ profit group，called Environment Africa，is trying to improve the situation，Environment Africa is teaching farmers to raise bees表示"但是现在一个叫做"非洲环境"的非盈利组织正在努力改善这种状况，非洲环境组织正在教农民饲养蜜蜂"，可知表示"帮助农民养蜂谋生"的选项B符合题意，故选B.
（2）B.细节理解题。根据第四段里的He says most of the farmers are earning as much as S1，000 a month by selling honey表示"他说，大多数农民通过卖蜂蜜每月收入高达1000英镑"，可知表示"养蜂人的收入很大"的选项B符合题意，故选B.
（3）D.细节理解题。根据最后一段里的This project has caught the attention of the government.Violet Makoto represents Zimbabwe's Forestry Commission，a government agency that works to protect forests.She says the commission hopes local people will take up beekeeping and end the use of fire to clear land表示"这个项目引起了政府的注意。VioletMakoto代表津巴布韦林业委员会﹣﹣﹣一个致力于保护森林的政府机构。她说，委员会希望当地人开始养蜂，并停止使用火来清理土地"，可知表示"支持"的选项D符合题意（政府支持这个项目），其他选项A.Passive表示"负面的"；B.Doubtful表示"怀疑的"；C.Ambiguous表示"漠不关心的"，与句意不符，故选D.

[点评]

本题考查了"环境保护，说明文，应用文，"，属于"典型题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

转载声明：

本题解析属于发布者收集录入，如涉及版权请向平台申诉！！版权申诉

相似题 全部同步专题复习模拟真题联考专练月考周考期中期末单元寒假暑假副题

201845. （2024•西安一中•二模）     A carbon footprint is only one component of the broader ecological footprint.An ecological footprint compares the population's consumption of resources and land with the planet's ability to regenerate.The Earth's ecological footprint is currently 23 percent over capacity.It takes about one year and two months to regenerate what we consume in a year.
    Carbon footprints help people keep track of changes.Because footprints quantify an amount of carbon that increases or decreases based on energy use，they let people know that a new hybrid car or home insulation （隔离） helps.Transportation accounts for 33 percent of CO₂ emissions in the United States，so many people try to lower their mileage （里程）.Some walk or bike whenever possible；others take public transport.Home energyuse accounts for 21 percent of U.S.CO₂ emissions，so it helps to have an efficient home.Setting the thermostat （恒温器） at a moderate temperature and installing double-paned windows lowers energy costs.
    Of course，individual efforts can go only so far.Cutting CO₂ and other greenhouse gases down to safer levels requires significant government regulation.Lessening carbon footprints does let people see where they are and how they can change.Those who want to accept personal responsibility for their emissions can track their own reductions and change their habits.
    Because carbon calculators ask for only rough estimates，it's easy for investigators to approximate the footprints of celebrities and politicians.Analysts hope to uncover high-profile figures，especially those who promote environmentalism.Although performer Madonna and other celebrities have been accused of flying frequently，former vice president Al Gore has drawn the harshest accusations.The Gores' spokesperson did not deny that but emphasized that the couple subscribes to green power.

（1）How long can the Earth produce what we need in a year？        ?
A.2 months.
B.12 months.
C.14 months.
D.23 months.
（2）What is the second paragraph mainly about？        ?
A.Why people are worried about CO₂ emissions.
B.How individuals can help to lower CO₂ emissions.
C.Where most CO₂ emissions come from in the United States.
D.What measures have been taken to cut down CO₂ emissions.
（3）What is still needed to cut greenhouse gases down to safer levels？        ?
A.The participation of the public.
B.The development of new equipment.
C.The changes of our living habits.
D.The powerful efforts of the government.
（4）Why do investigators estimate the footprints of famous people easily？        ?
A.Because they have mastered methods.
B.Because it doesn't call for much accuracy.
C.Because famous people are easy to approach.
D.Because new technology has advanced greatly.

共享时间:2024-03-19 难度:2 相似度:1.67

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201636. （2025•铁一中学•六模） The burning of coal may be falling out of favor as a means of generating heat and electricity，but that doesn't mean it no longer has valuable uses.The team of King Abdullah University of Science and Technology （KAUST） is using coal for a new economy.
   The project is led by Associate Professor Andrea Fratalocchi.While reading about challenges of ending the use of coal in power generation，Fratalocchi was struck by a novel possible use for coal. " Why don't we use coal for seawater desalination（脱盐）？" Fratalocchi recalls，still excited.Capable of taking in sunlight，the black mineral adds to the list of substances in dark colors serving the purpose，which the team is on a long-standing hunt for.
   Fralalocchi and his team began to explore the use of a material known as carbonized compressed powder（压缩粉末），also CCP，which is created by breaking coal into powder，and then pressing that powder back into a solid that has more tiny holes—it can also be made into a desired shape.The team mixed CCP with natural cotton fibers，producing a block which was then placed within a seawater-containing container，with its bottom touching water surface.While sunlight heated the black surface of the block，the inside fibers helped water flow in and through the block from the bottom.When that liquid water reached the hot surface，it turned into steam which rose and condensed（冷凝）on the inside of a specially shaped cover.That condensation then flew down the cover and was collected as fresh，drinkable water.The seawater's salt content remained behind within the CCP.A simple wash was enough to remove most of it，so the material could be reused multiple times.
   KAUST has partnered with the Dutch start-up PERA Complexity to promote the technology.The material will see its first use in a pilot plant in Brazil. "CCP is abundant in nature and reasonable to use，besides being lightweight and highly changeable，" says team member Marcella Bonifazi." The device's desalination rate per unit of raw material is two to three times higher than that of any other solar desalination system，but it produces fresh water at around one-third the expense of current state-of-the-art technologies.

（1）What has Fratalocchi's team been seeking for？
A．Fibers functioning well with CCP.
B．Green ways to desalinate seawater.
C．New industrial applications of coal.
D．Dark-colored materials for desalination.
（2）How did the seawater get into the CCP block？
A．Through the tiny holes.
B．Through CCP.
C．Through cotton fibers.
D．Through a special cover.
（3）Which feature of CCP does Marcella Bonifazi stress？
A．Being eco-friendly.
B．Being low-cost.
C．Being efficient.
D．Being flexible.
（4）What does the text mainly talk about？
A．Drinkable water will be got from the sea.
B．CCP is expected to be in real-life use soon.
C．Coal finds new use in desalination technology.
D．Scientists have made a breakthrough in desalination.

共享时间:2025-05-20 难度:2 相似度:1.67

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201825. （2024•西安中学•九模）     From the world's last seven to a global population of more than 5，000，China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises（朱鹗）from the edge of extinction.
    With its typical red crest and face，as well as a long black mouth and snow-white feathers，the crested ibis is known as "the oriental gem" in China.They were once widespread in East Asia and Siberia until the 20th century when hunting，ecological damage and increased human activities drove the birds to near extinction.
    In 1981，the entire species around the world was down to the seven crested ibises which were found only in Yangxian County，northwest China's Shaanxi Province，and deep in the Qinling Mountains，making Qinling，a natural boundary between China's north and south，the last shelter of the wild birds.
    Since 1981，the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans for the protection of the species，prohibiting activities including hunting in the birds' living areas，cutting down trees where they nest，using chemicals in their food-finding areas，and firing guns in their breeding（繁殖）areas.The Chinese government arranged special funds to protect the habitat of crested ibises，sealing off mountains to plant trees in the birds' living areas.China started the artificial breeding of crested ibises in 1991 and had bred more than 400 birds in Shaanxi as of last year.
    Years of constant effort have brought promising results.It is estimated that there are more than 5，000 crested ibises in the world now，and a majority of them live in Shaanxi.The bird's habitat in China has risen from less than 5 square km in 1981 to the current 15，000 square km.
    "It is lucky that the crested ibis，an ancient bird，is still flying around，" said Zan Linsen，head of the Shaanxi Academy of Forestry. "The conservation story of crested ibises not only shows us the power of ancient life，but also the necessity and urgency of ecological environment protection."

（1）Why are the Qinling Mountains so important to crested ibises？
A．They are where crested ibises were first found.
B．They used to be the last habitat of crested ibises.
C．They are the only breeding area of crested ibises.
D．They protect crested ibises from natural enemies.
（2）What can we conclude from paragraph 4？
A．Crested ibises are unlikely to be bred artificially.
B．It's legal to own hunting guns in Yangxian County.
C．Hunting has been the biggest threat to crested ibises.
D．The government plays a key role in saving crested ibises.
（3）How does Zan Linsen feel about the conservation of crested ibises？
A．Merciful and ambitious.
B．Relieved and happy.
C．Shocked and curious.
D．Sorry and regretful.
（4）What is a suitable title for the text？
A．Rare animals in China：crested ibises
B．Artificial breeding of crested ibises in China
C．Endangered crested ibises making a comeback
D．Crested ibises found again in the Qinling Mountains

共享时间:2024-06-24 难度:2 相似度:1.67

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201690. （2024•西工大附中•模拟） Auctions （拍卖行） are everywhere．Here are just a few standouts and some of the areas they specialize in．All have brick-and-mortar （实体的） sales rooms in addition to online buying．
Leslie Hindman Auctioneers
   Headquarters：Chicago
   Founded：1982
   Best bets：contemporary art，jewelry
   The founder，Leslie Hindman，has been on an expansion kick from her Chicago base and now runs eight offices across the country．Ms．Hindman said that plenty of items sell at her house for around ﹩500．As in the auction world generally，jewelry and contemporary art receive lots of attention from bidders （出价者），and in 2017 a diamond ring sold for ﹩97，000．
Swann Auction Galleries
    Headquarters：New York
   Founded：1941
   Best bets：books，works on paper，African-American art
   Founded as a rare-book auctioneer，Swann still holds dozens of such sales a year．The president，Nicholas D．Lowry，noted that Swann was the first auction house to sell old photographs，in 1952．The house has also had a department of African-American art for 12 years．
Stair Galleries
   Headquarters：Hudson，N．Y．
   Founded：2001
   Best bets：English and Continental furniture and paintings，modern and contemporary art
   Colin Stair，the founder and president，comes from a long line of antiques dealers．Stair is frequented by dealers and bargain hunters，and it's a place to find interesting things like a George II carved walnut wing armchair，coming up as part of a sale on April 28 and 29．
Heritage Auctions
   Headquarters：Dallas
   Founded：1983
   Best bets：coins，sports memorabilia，movie posters
   With roots in coin auctions，Heritage has grown quite large．But their bread and butter are items that the company president，Greg Rohan，calls "the kinds of things that everyone has．" "People aren't buying what we're selling for decoration or for resale，" he added． "They're buying things they absolutely love．"

（1）At which place can you buy old photographs？
A．Swann Auction Galleries．
B．Leslie Hindman Auctioneers．
C．Stair Galleries．
D．Heritage Auctions．
（2）Who once sold antiques？
A．Greg Rohan．
B．Colin Stair．
C．Leslie Hindman．
D．Nicholas D．Lowry．
（3）What can be learned about these auctions？
A．They are all run by local people．
B．They are all located in New York．
C．They all have online shops．
D．They all sell valuable artworks．

共享时间:2024-03-05 难度:1 相似度:1.33

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201757. （2024•西安中学•三模） Independence is something that can be difficult to achieve．But don't worry because here we have four books that can help you．If you don't buy less than three of them，you'll be given a 20% discount!
   The Total Money Makeover by Dave Ramsey
   Taking care of your finance is hard．Dave Ramsey，a famous businessman，is here to take you on the whole process of planning your finance，and show the myths of cash advances and debt consolidation（债务重整），to make sure your finance is healthy．
   Price：＄14.49
   Grace's Guide by Grace Helbig
   Grace Helbig shared her tips to becoming a grown-up．The book is full of personal stories of Helbig，her struggles and the lessone learnt from failing many times．This book is your on-the-go fun read with pictures and drawings of Helbig，and worksheets（工作记录） to practice．
   Price：＄7.95
   The Oh She Glows Cookbook by Angela Liddon
   Having suffered from eating disorder and living on diet，Angela Liddon promised to eat healthily forever．She threw out her fat-free butter spray （黄油喷雾） and low-calorie frozen dinners after learning how to properly cook．This book contains more than 100 recipes （食谱） covering breakfast，salads，soups，power snacks and the main dishes for a healthy meal at any time of the day．We all know that healthy eating is all part of being independent．
   Price：＄22.22
   Tiny Beautiful Things by Cheryl Strayed
   Life can be hard，especially when it comes to relationships with others．In the book，Strayed gives advice on love and life．She writes about different subjects：a son rejected by his parents，a mother who has lost her child．And the message hidden throughout all her advice is always that，if you want a good life，you have to create it．
   Price：＄8.76

（1）How much will you save at least if you buy three of the listed books？
A．＄5.68．
B．＄6.24．
C．＄8.95．
D．＄9.10．
（2）What is special for the book Grace's Guide？
A．It is about how to grow up healthily．
B．It is mainly about how to work better．
C．It is based on its author's life experience
D．It teaches readers to learn from others' life stories．
（3）Which book should you choose for someone who is bad at getting along with others？
A．Grace's Guide．
B．Tiny Beautiful Things．
C．The Total Money Makeover．
D．The Oh She Glows Cookbook．

共享时间:2024-04-15 难度:1 相似度:1.33

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201576. （2025•长安区•一模） Below is a housing guide for students going to London．

University accommodation （住所） offices
Many university accommodation offices have their own list of registered landlords．Others also provide information on accommodation agencies and other housing organization．The advantage of using your university accommodation is that you can get support if you have a problem．The disadvantage is that they are unlikely to have enough registered landlords to house all their students．
Property papers：Loot and Renting
Loot is an important source of information about private housing for co-renters．The offers are from private landlords，agencies and individuals looking for other co-renters．They also have a website：www．loot．com．The advantage of using Loot is that there are some excellent bargains．The disadvantage is that there is no quality control over the offers．
Renting is another useful paper．The offers in this paper are mainly from accommodation agencies．Their website is at www．renting．co．uk．
Accommodation agencies
The majority of rented accommodation in London is probably advertised through accommodation agencies．The advantage of using accommodation agencies is that you will have a large number of accommodations to choose from．A good agent will listen to your requirements and can save you time in looking for the right accommodation．The disadvantage is that they will make a range of charges to potential renters．
Noticeboards
Around the universities you will find a number of noticeboards where offers of accommodation will be posted．These will either be from landlords or from students．Some universities will also have online noticeboards where students can advertise to other students．Advertisements from students can be an excellent way to find accommodation．However，advertisements from landlords can be problematic．
Word of mouth
Some of the best housing in London is never advertised but is passed on from one group of students to another by word of mouth．It might be that you can find out about good offers from final year students．However，don't suppose that just because you have found out about housing from a friend，it is necessarily going to be better than that found through any other source．
Family
Faced with the very high rents charged in London，some students and their parents will consider buying as an alternative．In some cases this might be a good choice．

（1）What is the advantage of using Loot？
A．It has more offers from accommodation agencies than Renting．
B．It gives you personal information about other co-renters．
C．Their website is designed mainly for students．
D．There are some good bargains．
（2）A good agent can help you        ．
A．know more people
B．find cheap accommodation
C．get the right accommodation quickly
D．get free information about most accommodations
（3）The information passed on by word of mouth is important because        ．
A．it is better than that found through any other source
B．it helps you find some of the best housing never advertised
C．the final year students always offer better information
D．the landlords have little valuable information

共享时间:2025-03-05 难度:1 相似度:1.33

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201826. （2024•西安中学•九模） In February of 1942，Mexican farmer Dionisio Pulido thought he heard thunder coming from his cornfield.However，the sound wasn't coming from the sky.The source was a large smoking break sending out gas and pushing out rocks.This opening would come to be known as the volcano Paricutin，and over the next 9 years，its lava and ash would cover over 200 square km.But where did this new volcano come from，and what caused its unpredictable eruption？
   One of the most common causes of an eruption is an increase in magmastatic（静磁）pressure.Magma（岩浆）contains various elements and compounds.At high enough concentrations，compounds like water or sulfur（硫）form high-pressure gas bubbles.When these balls of gas reach the surface，they can burst with the force of a gunshot.And when millions of bubbles explode，the energy can send ash into the air.But before they pop or burst，they act like bubbles of CO₂ in a shaken soda.
   Not all eruptions are due to rising magmastatic pressure- sometimes the weight of the rock above can become dangerously low.Landslides can remove massive quantities of rock from atop a magma chamber or room，dropping the pressure and instantly touching off an eruption.This process is known as "unloading" and it's been responsible for numerous eruptions，including the sudden explosion of Mount St.Helens in 1980.But unloading can also happen over longer periods of time due heating ice or melting glaciers.In fact，many geologists are worried that glacial melt caused by climate change could increase volcanic activity.
   Unfortunately，knowing what causes eruptions doesn't make them easy to predict.While scientists can roughly determine the strength and weight of the Earth's crust（地壳），the depth and heat of magma chambers makes measuring changes in magmastatic pressure very difficult.But volcanologists are constantly exploring new technology to overcome this rocky field.Advances in thermal imaging（热成像）have allowed scientists to detect underground hotspots.Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefully，these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.

（1）Why does the author mention the story of a farmer in the first paragraph？
A．To show the power of volcano eruption.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To introduce the volcano Paricutin.
D．To explain the reason.
（2）What does the underlined word "they" in paragraph 2 refer to？
A．The bubbles of CO₂ .
B．The ash of the volcano.
C．Gas bubbles of compounds.
D．The elements of a soda.
（3）Which of the following is true about the eruption of Mount St.Helens？
A．Landslideould be responsible for its eruption.
B．It began to explode over a long period of time.
C．The process of "unloading" occurred after its explosion.
D．The weight of the rock above it increased as to cause its eruption.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．Scientists can determine the eruption of volcano in advance.
B．It is quite difficult to measure the weight of the Earth's crust.
C．Spectrometers can help scientists to detect underground hotspots.
D．Scientists are positive about further study of volcano eruption.

共享时间:2024-06-24 难度:1 相似度:1.33

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201693. （2024•西工大附中•模拟） California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor．
    The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds．No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles．In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent．
   Many factors contributed to the decline，said Patrick Mclntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study．Woodcutters targeted big trees．Housing development pushed into the woods．Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）．
   But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development．
    The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage．The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things as rainfall，air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）．
   Since the 1930s，Mclntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season．

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California．
B．The increasing variety of California big trees．
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests．
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California．
（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees？
A．Ecological studies of forests．
B．Banning woodcutting．
C．Limiting housing development．
D．Fire control measures．
（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre？
A．Inadequate snowmelt．
B．A longer dry season．
C．A warmer climate．
D．Dampness of the air．
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．California's Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone？
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon．
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests？
D．Patrick Mclntyre：Grow More Big Trees in California

共享时间:2024-03-05 难度:1 相似度:1.33

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201547. （2025•西安中学•一模） Freelance Writers Wanted Associated Content（AC） is an online publishing platform that enables anyone to earn money by writing articles on the Web.
    Writing for AC is a great work opportunity for students，stay-at-home parents and freelance writers—you can work in your own time and submit papers，reviews，essays，etc.on any topic that you have interest in.This is a job you can do anywhere—all you need is access to the Internet.
    Here's how you get started：
    1.Go to www.associatedcontent.com.
    2.Follow the instructions to register.
    3.Fill in your profile，writing down your previous experiences（if any）.
    4.Start submitting articles.You'll begin earning money as soon as your articles are published and the amount is based on the pageviews your articles receive.
    In addition to our own libraries of content，we have hundreds of partners （content team partners）.As such，there are lots of opportunities for our most talented and productive writers to have more assignments and submit articles on an as-needed basis.
    If you're interested in higher-paying partner assignments，send us a link of your AC profile once you have submitted at least five articles.We will review all submissions and pass them on to our content team partners.If selected，you will start receiving special paid assignments from us on a regular basis，which you are free to accept or ignore.
    NOTE：We pay our writers salaries via PayPal daily.
    Any questions？Email us：support@crunchbase.com.

（1）You can write for AC on condition that you         .
A.have rich experience in writing
B.have access to the Internet
C.register
D.are free at home
（2）How much you can earn for your published article depends on         .
A.the space it covers
B.the subject it deals with
C.the opinion you voice in the article
D.the pageviews it receives
（3）Content team partners are mentioned in the passage to         .
A.encourage people to write more articles for AC
B.lay stress on the importance of cooperation
C.win more support of other business partners
D.show off its abundant libraries of content

共享时间:2025-03-03 难度:2 相似度:0.83

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201721. （2024•西安中学•一模）     Many people have dreamt to find a cancer cure.Now，a pill might provide some insight into their dreams.
   The medicine，AOH1996，also called the"cancer-killing pill"，explicitly targets the protein that encourages cancer cells to spread across the body.It prevents proliferating cell nuclear antigen（PCNA细胞增殖核抗原） with a tiny molecule.Up to August 2023，it is being evaluated in Phase I clinical studies for the treatment of solid cancers.
   Cancer is a condition in which abnormal cells continue to proliferate uncontrollably，causing the tissue to be destroyed.About one in six deaths were due to cancer in 2020，making it the top cause of death globally.
   According to a recent study published in Cell Chemical Biology，City of Hope researchers have discovered a novel method to treat cancer using a special tablet that can get rid of solid tumors.AOH1996 differs from other targeted cancer therapies in this respect，where other approaches may cause a tumor to change and develop more resistance to treatment.
   According to City of Hope Professor Linda Malkas，the research team created a medicine specifically targeting the kind of PCNA seen in cancer cells since data indicate that PCNA is distinctively changed in cancer cells.The novel cancer medicine acts like a snowstorm closing a significant airport，stopping only flights from and to aircraft carrying cancer cells.
   "Results have been promising.AOH1996 can prevent tumor growth in cell and animal models.The drug is currently in Phase I clinical trial in humans at City of Hope."
   Treatment of lung，brain and skin cancers with AOH1996 haown to be effective.It kills specific cells by stopping them from replicating（复制） typically.To assess this medicine for potential future use，more clinical studies are planned.

（1）What can we know about PCNA？
A.It is a pill that cures solid cancer.
B.It is a medicine that prevents tumor growth.
C.It is a molecule targeted by the cancer-killing pill AOH1996.
D.It is a protein that causes cancer cells to spread across the body.
（2）Why is AOH1996 different from other cancer drugs？
A.It has cured many patients' cancers.
B.It will develop drug resistance.
C.It is a natural product collected from plants.
D.It has less side effects than other cancer drugs.
（3）What does the author want to express by saying"The novel cancer medicine acts like a snowstorm closing a significant airport..""？
A.AOH1996 targets cancer cells without harming healthy cells.
B.AOH1996 has caused chaos in the medical field.
C.AOH1996 is highly effective but inefficient in treating cancer patients.
D.AOH1996 is unpredictable and can have unintended consequences.
（4）What's the purpose of planning more clinical studies for AOH1996？
A.Determining the specific types of cancers it can effectively treat.
B.Investigating the possible side effects of the medicine.
C.Determining if it can be used on a large scale.
D.Confirming its effectiveness in killing specific cells.

共享时间:2024-03-11 难度:2 相似度:0.83

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201722. （2024•西安中学•一模）     The Stanford marshmallow（棉花糖） test was originally conducted by psychologist Walter Mischel in the late 1960s.Children aged four to six at a nursery school were placed in a room.A single sugary treat，selected by the child，was placed on a table.Each child was told if they waited for 15 minutes before eating the treat，they would be given a second treat.Then they were left alone in the room.Follow-up studies with the children later in life showed a connection between an ability to wait long enough to obtain a second treat and various forms of success.
    As adults we face a version of the marshmallow test every day.We're not tempted（诱惑） by sugary treats，but by our computers，phones，and tablets-all the devices that connect us to the global delivery system for various types of information that do to us what marshmallows do to preschoolers.
    We are tempted by sugary treats because our ancestors lived in a calorie-poor world，and our brains developed a response mechanism to these treats that reflected their value-a feeling of reward and satisfaction.But as we've reshaped the world around us，dramatically reducing （the cost and effort involved in obtaining calories，we still have the same brains we had thousands of years ago，and this mismatch is at the heart of why so many of us struggle to resist tempting foods that we know we shouldn't eat.
    A similar process is at work in our response to information.Our formative environment as a species was information-poor，so our brains developed a mechanism that prized new information.But global connectivity has greatly changed our information environment.We are now ceaselessly bombarded（轰炸） with new information.Therefore，just as we need to be more thoughtful about our caloric consumption，we also need to be more thoughtful about our information consumption，resisting the temptation of the mental"junk food"in order to manage our time most effectively.

（1）What did the children need to do to get a second treat in Mischel's test？
A.Take an examination alone.
B.Show respect for the researchers.
C.Share their treats with others.
D.Delay eating for fifteen minutes.
（2）According to paragraph 3，there is a mismatch between        .
A.the calorie-poor world and our good appetites
B.the shortage of sugar and our nutritional needs
C.the rich food supply and our unchanged brains
D.the tempting foods and our efforts to keep fit
（3）What does the author suggest readers do？
A.Absorb new information readily.
B.Be selective information consumers.
C.Use diverse information sources.
D.Protect the information environment.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A.Eat Less，Read More
B.The Bitter Truth about Early Humans
C.The Later，the Better
D.The Marshmallow Test for Grownups

共享时间:2024-03-11 难度:2 相似度:0.83

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201758. （2024•西安中学•三模） When you think of a map，is north on the top or the bottom？Usually，maps are designed with north on top，though when we think about it，there s no logical reason for this bias.After all，there is no up or down in space.So what's wrong with south，east or west being on the top of the map？The answer is：nothing at all.In fact，north-up maps only became the norm in the last few hundred years.
   Ancient Egyptian maps had south at the top because the Nile River flows downhill from mountains in the south to the Mediterranean Sea in the north.Mecca was to the south of most early Muslim civilizations，and south-up maps were designed so that viewers would look up to see Mecca.Medieval Christian maps had east at the top，as they believed the Garden of Eden was in the east.The only early maps that had north at the top were those of early China because the emperor lived in the north.
   North seems to have settled at the top of maps during the 16th century，largely thanks to a Flemish mapmaker，Mercator.Mercator was a great admirer of an early Greek mapmaker，who，for reasons now unknown，put north at the top of maps，so Mercator did，too.When Mercator's world map became the standard map to navigate the oceans，north up became standard as well.
   What is the implication of this north-view of the world？Psychologically，people tend to think of up as good and down as bad.Just think of words and phrases like "upmarket"，"upbeat" and "moving up in the world"，and how they contrast with their opposites.Because north is so consistently put at the top of maps，people now think of north as good，too.
   Several attempts have been made in recent years by introducing south-up maps to the market.These maps not only give us a chance to see the world differently，but also give everyone the chance to see themselves on top.

（1）What can we learn from the first two paragraphs？
A．North-up maps were rare in ancient times.
B．Deciding up or down in space is ridiculous.
C．Mecca maps were based on a legend.
D．The south-up map first appeared in ancient Egypt.
（2）Why is north associated with good？
A．An illogical reason.
B．The spread of Mercator's maps.
C．People's preference for up.
D．An age-old tradition in Greece.
（3）What is the authors attitude to south-up maps？
A．Cautious.
B．Supportive.
C．Uncaring.
D．Disapproving.
（4）What's the main purpose of the text？
A．To explain a phenomenon.
B．To compare various facts.
C．To correct a cultural bias.
D．To argue for a viewpoint.

共享时间:2024-04-15 难度:2 相似度:0.83

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201760. （2024•西安中学•三模）     If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal（夜间活动）species on this planet.Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light.This is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night：We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
    The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences—called light pollution—whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study.Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky.Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—to which many forms of life，including ourselves，have adapted.Wherever human light spills into the natural world，some aspect of life is affected.
    In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars，leaving behind a vacant haze（霾）that mirrors our fear of the dark.We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night—dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth—is wholly beyond our experience，beyond memory almost.
    We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country，when nothing could be further from the truth.Among mammals alone，the number of nocturnal species is astonishing.Light is a powerful biological force，and on many species it acts as a magnet.The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being "captured" by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms.Migrating at night，birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
    Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal，throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint，including their nighttime breeding choruses.Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs.Like most other creatures，we do need darkness.Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare，to our internal clockwork，as light itself.
    Living in a glare of our own making，we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.In a very real sense，light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe，to forget the scale of our being，which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy—arching overhead.

（1）According to the passage，human beings         .
A.prefer to live in the darkness
B.are used to living in the day light
C.were curious about the midnight world
D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon
（2）What does the underlined word "it" （Paragraph 1）most probably refer to？
A.The night.
B.The moon.
C.The sky.
D.The planet.
（3）The writer mentions birds and frogs to         .
A.provide examples of animal protection
B.show how light pollution affects animals
C.compare the living habits of both species
D.explain why the number of certain species has declined
（4）What might be the best title for the passage？
A.The Magic Light
B.The Orange Haze
C.The Disappearing Night
D.The Rhythms of Nature

共享时间:2024-04-15 难度:2 相似度:0.83

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201786. （2024•西安中学•五模）     Each US university and college sets its own admission standards and decides which applicants meet those standards.But the steps are the same for each.Here are some of the major steps you will follow：
    Timing
    Universities and colleges in the US usually offer two main academic terms：Spring terms run from January to May，and fall terms run from mid-August or September to December.While each US university and college will have different dates for applying to programs，application submissions are usually open and accepted 10 months before the program starts.
    Application
    Each institution has its own application form，and all US universities which accept international students give you the option to apply online.Keep in mind that many US institutions have an application fee.
    Take admissions tests
    Students applying to universities and colleges in the US must take certain examinations （SAT，ACT，GMAT，etc. ） that measure achievement.International students must also take a test that measures English language excellence.These tests are given at test centers around the world.They are "standardized"，so that students take the same test at every test center.Your scores give the admissions office a uniform international standard for measuring your ability in comparison with other students.
    Receive acceptance letters
    After the application deadline，you will begin receiving letters from your chosen schools.Some universities inform candidates of their acceptance soon after their documents have arrived in the admissions office；this is called "rolling admissions".Other schools，however，wait several months and inform all candidates at one time.

（1）What can we learn about application？
A．There is a standard application form.
B．One will be charged for his/her application.
C．It is still available when the program starts.
D．It has to be submitted in person ahead of time.
（2）What should a Japanese student do if he/she wants to apply to US colleges？
A．Sit the test in US.
B．Speak well Japanese.
C．Excel in English.
D．Volunteer at test centers.
（3）Which section of a newspaper is this text most likely taken from？
A．Culture.
B．Travelling.
C．Entertainment.
D．Campus.

共享时间:2024-05-08 难度:2 相似度:0.83

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

201789. （2024•西安中学•五模）     Research has found that using wood for construction instead of concrete and steel can reduce emissions.But Tim Searchinger at Princeton University says many of these studies are based on the false foundation that harvesting wood is carbon neutral （碳中和）. "Only a small percentage of the wood gets into a timber （木料） product，and a part of that gets into a timber product that can replace concrete and steel in a building，" he says.Efficiencies vary in different countries，but large amounts of a harvested tree are left to be divided into parts，used in short-lived products like paper or burned for energy，all of which generate emissions.
    In a report for the World Resources Institute，Searchinger and his colleagues have modelled how using more wood for construction would affect emissions between 2010 and 2050，accounting for the emissions from harvesting the wood.They considered various types of forests and parts of wood going towards construction.They also factored in the emissions savings from replacing concrete and steel.
    Under some circumstances，the researchers found significant emissions reductions.But each case required what they considered an unrealistically high portion of the wood going towards construction，as well as rapid growth only seen in warmer places，like Brazil.In general，they found a large increase in global demand for wood would probably lead to rising emissions for decades.Accounting for emissions in this way，the researchers reported in a related paper that increasing forest harvests between 2010 and 2050 would add emissions equal to roughly 10 percent of total annual emissions.
    Ali Amiri at Aalto University in Finland says the report's conclusions about emissions from rising demand are probably correct，but the story is different for wood we already harvest. "Boosting the efficiency of current harvests and using more wood for longer lived purposes than paper would cut emissions，" he says. "We cannot just say we should stop using wood."

（1）What is wrong with previous researches according to Searchinger？
A．They got wrong statistics.
B．They used an incorrect concept.
C．They included too many factors.
D．They were applied in limited countries.
（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about？
A．The process of the new research.
B．The background of the new study.
C．The challenge of the new research.
D．The achievements of the new study.
（3）When will the emissions drop off greatly according to the new study？
A．When wood grows slowly.
B．When wood is used to make paper.
C．When wood is used to build a house.
D．When wood is harvested in countries like Brazil.
（4）What is Ali Amiri's attitude toward the new result？
A．Favorable.
B．Doubtful.
C．Critical.
D．Objective.

共享时间:2024-05-08 难度:2 相似度:0.83

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

kbi@dyw.com

2020-10-21

高中英语 | 高一上 | 阅读理解

下载量
浏览量
收益额

相关试卷 更多>>

2020-2021学年陕西省西安市高陵一中、田家炳中学高一（上）第一次联考英语试卷

更新:2020-10-21 01:12浏览量:15

微信扫码立即登录

AI助手

普通登录

手机登录

微信扫码立即登录

AI助手