外来移民

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217934. （2023•师大附中•高一上二月）     Some immigrants （外来移民） in the northeastern part of the US，Maine，are learning to lose their accents.They speak English fluently but have a difficult time being understood because they have heavy accents.
    Nyirabahizi said she left her home and job in Rwanda two years ago，coming to America in hopes of a brighter future.She has a master's degree in computer science and speaks English fluently.She said all of her classes in Rwanda were taught in English，but here she had to learn again because of her accent.
    She attended a free class to reduce her accent with seven other students.The city of Portland conducted the class and Greenlaw was the teacher.She said immigrants who had reduced their accents had greater success at work.And they could communicate more easily with store workers，teachers，doctors and neighbors. "It's a basic need to be understood，" Greenlaw told the newspaper， "It affects every part of their lives."
    Greenlaw began the class by telling students the 44 sounds of the English language.She told the students how the lips and jaws worked to form the sound.She told the students that some American English pronunciation rules didn't make a lot of sense.But she said it was important to learn them if immigrants wanted to be understood by Americans.
    Losing one's accent is especially important for immigrants who live in Maine.More than 90 percent of the population of Maine are whites.Many people who live in Maine have not heard foreign accents except in movies or on televisions.
    Greenlaw said some Mainers were impatient with people who spoke English with heavy accents.Her students said some Mainers ignored them or were unfriendly toward them because of their accents.They said this made them less likely to speak.

（1）Why do some immigrants have difficulty making themselves understood？
A．Their classes aren't taught in English.
B．They don't master English at school.
C．They speak English with heavy accents.
D．They don't speak English fluently.
（2）Why did Nyirabahizi and other students attend the free class？
A．To change their low social positions.
B．To hide their identities of immigrants.
C．To forget their native languages.
D．To help them better work and communicate.
（3）What is some Mainers' attitude toward immigrants with heavy accents？
A．Grateful.
B．Cold.
C．Doubtful.
D．Supportive.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．Immigrants Learn to Change Their Accents
B．Immigrants Are Required to Speak Well
C．Heavy Accents Cause Failures
D．Good English Makes Success

共享时间:2023-12-24 难度:2

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[考点]

日常生活，说明文，

[答案]

CDBA

[解析]

（1）推理判断题。根据第一段They speak English fluently but have a difficult time being understood because they have heavy accents.（他们英语说得很流利，但由于口音重，很难被理解）可知，有些移民很难让别人理解他们因为他们说英语口音很重。故选C。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段She said immigrants who had reduced their accents had greater success at work.And they could communicate more easily with store workers，teachers，doctors and neighbors. "It's a basic need to be understood，" Greenlaw told the newspaper， "It affects every part of their lives."（她说，减少口音的移民在工作上更成功。他们可以更容易地与店员、老师、医生和邻居沟通。"这是一种基本需求，需要被理解，"格林劳告诉该报，"这影响到他们生活的方方面面。"）可知，Nyirabahizi和其他学生参加免费课程是为了帮助他们更好地工作和交流。故选D。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段Greenlaw said some Mainers were impatient with people who spoke English with heavy accents.Her students said some Mainers ignored them or were unfriendly toward them because of their accents.They said this made them less likely to speak.（格林劳说，一些缅因州人对说重口音英语的人很不耐烦。她的学生说，一些缅因州人因为他们的口音而忽视他们，或者对他们不友好。他们说，这使他们不太可能说话）可推知，一些缅因州人对重口音移民的态度是冷漠。故选B。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段Some immigrants （外来移民） in the northeastern part of the US，Maine，are learning to lose their accents.They speak English fluently but have a difficult time being understood because they have heavy accents.（一些居住在美国东北部缅因州的移民正在努力摆脱他们的口音。他们英语说得很流利，但由于口音重，很难被理解）可知文章主要说明了波特兰市开设了免费的语言课程，帮助这些移民纠正口音，更好地生活和工作。可知，A．Immigrants Learn to Change Their Accents（移民学会改变他们的口音）最符合文章标题。故选A。

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201637. （2025•铁一中学•六模）     Imagine you've been working for hours before a deadline，but you feel like you're getting nowhere.You're starting to feel really anxious.At this point，you might start to blame yourself for having this emotion.Now you have two emotions：feeling anxious about getting work done and feeling frustrated that you are anxious.When the second emotion gets layered on top of the first emotion，you often feel worse and are even less likely to reach your goals.You may now be wondering if it is possible to make the second emotion less likely.（1）       .
    Many people have heard of"mindfulness".It is often associated with doing a meditation（冥想） practice，but its essence is to be more aware and accepting of your present-moment experience.（2）       Acceptance can limit judgmental thoughts and unhelpful secondary emotions.
    Let me explain.Picture yourself in a challenging situation like the scenario described above and you feel anxiety arising.Instead of getting upset at yourself for having this emotion，you bring your awareness to the experience of the emotion and accept it.You might feel that this anxiety is not fun to experience.（3）        With this attitude of acceptance，and stepping away from the tendency to fight against the emotion，you are less likely to get stuck in a loop of judgmental thoughts that might trigger more unwanted emotions.
    （4）        But evidence suggests that it works.That is probably because accepting yourselves，including your emotions，relieves pressure.You stop adding fuel to the emotional fire when you release judgmental thoughts about your emotions.（5）        For instance，you could turn down the volume on the initial emotion，perhaps by seeing the situation from a new perspective or asking someone for support.

A.Thankfully，research suggests that the answer is yes.
B.You can't be productive even when you have more inner space.
C.Then you may question if you are feeling anxious about getting work done.
D.Yet you know you can breathe it through and that it is just a passing emotion.
E.Sometimes the experience includes an unpleasant emotion you don't want to feel.
F.It might sound unreasonable that embracing an unpleasant emotion can be a good thing.
G.You also create more inner space to determine whether you can do something that helps.

共享时间:2025-05-20 难度:2 相似度:2

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201656. （2025•高新一中•十模） Developing Happiness：Strengthening Your Reward Sensitivity In our busy lives，we often pass up chances for joy.We might skip a birthday party or cancel a lunch date，thinking it's not worth the trouble.But this usually makes us feel even more down later.The secret to changing this is to strengthen"reward sensitivity". （1）
    Reward sensitivity is like a muscle.It can grow stronger with regular practice.When we train ourselves to notice and value positive emotions，we can become happier. （2）       They often struggle to feel pleasure，a condition called anhedonia（unable to experience joy）.A 2023 study showed that therapy focusing on positive emotions helps mental health more than treatments just reducing negative symptoms.
    A great way to strengthen reward sensitivity is to plan a small，fun activity daily. （3）       Describe it in detail，focusing on the feelings and experiences.This practice，known as "savoring（尽情享受），"makes positive feelings stronger and gives you more motivation to seek similar experiences in the future.
    （4）       Instead of simply labeling an experience "good""，use more precise words like "thrilled，""inspired，or"peaceful".Sharing positive moments with others can make these moments even more meaningful，strengthening social bonds and spreading happiness.
    It's important to remember that embracing happiness doesn't mean ignoring pain. （5）       By using these strategies in your daily life，you can cultivate a stronger sense of reward sensitivity and change how you experience and pursue happiness.

A.Afterward，take a moment to recall the experience.
B.It's the ability to find and truly enjoy positive experiences.
C.We often avoid such activities，which make our mood decline.
D.This is especially important for those with depression or anxiety.
E.This practice helps you better understand and enjoy positive feelings.
F.Beyond savoring，expanding your emotional vocabulary can also help.
G.Despite life's challenges，feeling joy helps restore balance and toughness.

共享时间:2025-06-06 难度:2 相似度:2

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201693. （2024•西工大附中•模拟） California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor．
    The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds．No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles．In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent．
   Many factors contributed to the decline，said Patrick Mclntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study．Woodcutters targeted big trees．Housing development pushed into the woods．Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）．
   But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，Mclntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development．
    The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage．The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things as rainfall，air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt（融雪）．
   Since the 1930s，Mclntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season．

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California．
B．The increasing variety of California big trees．
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests．
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California．
（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees？
A．Ecological studies of forests．
B．Banning woodcutting．
C．Limiting housing development．
D．Fire control measures．
（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to Mclntyre？
A．Inadequate snowmelt．
B．A longer dry season．
C．A warmer climate．
D．Dampness of the air．
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．California's Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone？
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon．
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests？
D．Patrick Mclntyre：Grow More Big Trees in California

共享时间:2024-03-05 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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201826. （2024•西安中学•九模） In February of 1942，Mexican farmer Dionisio Pulido thought he heard thunder coming from his cornfield.However，the sound wasn't coming from the sky.The source was a large smoking break sending out gas and pushing out rocks.This opening would come to be known as the volcano Paricutin，and over the next 9 years，its lava and ash would cover over 200 square km.But where did this new volcano come from，and what caused its unpredictable eruption？
   One of the most common causes of an eruption is an increase in magmastatic（静磁）pressure.Magma（岩浆）contains various elements and compounds.At high enough concentrations，compounds like water or sulfur（硫）form high-pressure gas bubbles.When these balls of gas reach the surface，they can burst with the force of a gunshot.And when millions of bubbles explode，the energy can send ash into the air.But before they pop or burst，they act like bubbles of CO₂ in a shaken soda.
   Not all eruptions are due to rising magmastatic pressure- sometimes the weight of the rock above can become dangerously low.Landslides can remove massive quantities of rock from atop a magma chamber or room，dropping the pressure and instantly touching off an eruption.This process is known as "unloading" and it's been responsible for numerous eruptions，including the sudden explosion of Mount St.Helens in 1980.But unloading can also happen over longer periods of time due heating ice or melting glaciers.In fact，many geologists are worried that glacial melt caused by climate change could increase volcanic activity.
   Unfortunately，knowing what causes eruptions doesn't make them easy to predict.While scientists can roughly determine the strength and weight of the Earth's crust（地壳），the depth and heat of magma chambers makes measuring changes in magmastatic pressure very difficult.But volcanologists are constantly exploring new technology to overcome this rocky field.Advances in thermal imaging（热成像）have allowed scientists to detect underground hotspots.Spectrometers can analyze gases escaping magma.Hopefully，these tools will help us better understand these gas breaks and their explosive eruptions.

（1）Why does the author mention the story of a farmer in the first paragraph？
A．To show the power of volcano eruption.
B．To introduce the topic.
C．To introduce the volcano Paricutin.
D．To explain the reason.
（2）What does the underlined word "they" in paragraph 2 refer to？
A．The bubbles of CO₂ .
B．The ash of the volcano.
C．Gas bubbles of compounds.
D．The elements of a soda.
（3）Which of the following is true about the eruption of Mount St.Helens？
A．Landslideould be responsible for its eruption.
B．It began to explode over a long period of time.
C．The process of "unloading" occurred after its explosion.
D．The weight of the rock above it increased as to cause its eruption.
（4）What can we infer from the last paragraph？
A．Scientists can determine the eruption of volcano in advance.
B．It is quite difficult to measure the weight of the Earth's crust.
C．Spectrometers can help scientists to detect underground hotspots.
D．Scientists are positive about further study of volcano eruption.

共享时间:2024-06-24 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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201845. （2024•西安一中•二模）     A carbon footprint is only one component of the broader ecological footprint.An ecological footprint compares the population's consumption of resources and land with the planet's ability to regenerate.The Earth's ecological footprint is currently 23 percent over capacity.It takes about one year and two months to regenerate what we consume in a year.
    Carbon footprints help people keep track of changes.Because footprints quantify an amount of carbon that increases or decreases based on energy use，they let people know that a new hybrid car or home insulation （隔离） helps.Transportation accounts for 33 percent of CO₂ emissions in the United States，so many people try to lower their mileage （里程）.Some walk or bike whenever possible；others take public transport.Home energyuse accounts for 21 percent of U.S.CO₂ emissions，so it helps to have an efficient home.Setting the thermostat （恒温器） at a moderate temperature and installing double-paned windows lowers energy costs.
    Of course，individual efforts can go only so far.Cutting CO₂ and other greenhouse gases down to safer levels requires significant government regulation.Lessening carbon footprints does let people see where they are and how they can change.Those who want to accept personal responsibility for their emissions can track their own reductions and change their habits.
    Because carbon calculators ask for only rough estimates，it's easy for investigators to approximate the footprints of celebrities and politicians.Analysts hope to uncover high-profile figures，especially those who promote environmentalism.Although performer Madonna and other celebrities have been accused of flying frequently，former vice president Al Gore has drawn the harshest accusations.The Gores' spokesperson did not deny that but emphasized that the couple subscribes to green power.

（1）How long can the Earth produce what we need in a year？        ?
A.2 months.
B.12 months.
C.14 months.
D.23 months.
（2）What is the second paragraph mainly about？        ?
A.Why people are worried about CO₂ emissions.
B.How individuals can help to lower CO₂ emissions.
C.Where most CO₂ emissions come from in the United States.
D.What measures have been taken to cut down CO₂ emissions.
（3）What is still needed to cut greenhouse gases down to safer levels？        ?
A.The participation of the public.
B.The development of new equipment.
C.The changes of our living habits.
D.The powerful efforts of the government.
（4）Why do investigators estimate the footprints of famous people easily？        ?
A.Because they have mastered methods.
B.Because it doesn't call for much accuracy.
C.Because famous people are easy to approach.
D.Because new technology has advanced greatly.

共享时间:2024-03-19 难度:2 相似度:1

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201760. （2024•西安中学•三模）     If humans were truly at home under the light of the moon and stars，we would go in darkness happily，the midnight world as visible to us as it is to the vast number of nocturnal（夜间活动）species on this planet.Instead，we are diurnal creatures，with eyes adapted to living in the sun's light.This is a basic evolutionary fact，even though most of us don't think of ourselves as diurnal beings.Yet it's the only way to explain what we've done to the night：We've engineered it to receive us by filling it with light.
    The benefits of this kind of engineering come with consequences—called light pollution—whose effects scientists are only now beginning to study.Light pollution is largely the result of bad lighting design，which allows artificial light to shine outward and upward into the sky.Ill-designed lighting washes out the darkness of night and completely changes the light levels—and light rhythms—to which many forms of life，including ourselves，have adapted.Wherever human light spills into the natural world，some aspect of life is affected.
    In most cities the sky looks as though it has been emptied of stars，leaving behind a vacant haze（霾）that mirrors our fear of the dark.We've grown so used to this orange haze that the original glory of an unlit night—dark enough for the planet Venus to throw shadows on Earth—is wholly beyond our experience，beyond memory almost.
    We've lit up the night as if it were an unoccupied country，when nothing could be further from the truth.Among mammals alone，the number of nocturnal species is astonishing.Light is a powerful biological force，and on many species it acts as a magnet.The effect is so powerful that scientists speak of songbirds and seabirds being "captured" by searchlights on land or by the light from gas flares on marine oil platforms.Migrating at night，birds tend to collide with brightly lit tall buildings.
    Frogs living near brightly lit highways suffer nocturnal light levels that are as much as a million times brighter than normal，throwing nearly every aspect of their behavior out of joint，including their nighttime breeding choruses.Humans are no less trapped by light pollution than the frogs.Like most other creatures，we do need darkness.Darkness is as essential to our biological welfare，to our internal clockwork，as light itself.
    Living in a glare of our own making，we have cut ourselves off from our evolutionary and cultural heritage—the light of the stars and the rhythms of day and night.In a very real sense，light pollution causes us to lose sight of our true place in the universe，to forget the scale of our being，which is best measured against the dimensions of a deep night with the Milky Way—the edge of our galaxy—arching overhead.

（1）According to the passage，human beings         .
A.prefer to live in the darkness
B.are used to living in the day light
C.were curious about the midnight world
D.had to stay at home with the light of the moon
（2）What does the underlined word "it" （Paragraph 1）most probably refer to？
A.The night.
B.The moon.
C.The sky.
D.The planet.
（3）The writer mentions birds and frogs to         .
A.provide examples of animal protection
B.show how light pollution affects animals
C.compare the living habits of both species
D.explain why the number of certain species has declined
（4）What might be the best title for the passage？
A.The Magic Light
B.The Orange Haze
C.The Disappearing Night
D.The Rhythms of Nature

共享时间:2024-04-15 难度:2 相似度:1

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201789. （2024•西安中学•五模）     Research has found that using wood for construction instead of concrete and steel can reduce emissions.But Tim Searchinger at Princeton University says many of these studies are based on the false foundation that harvesting wood is carbon neutral （碳中和）. "Only a small percentage of the wood gets into a timber （木料） product，and a part of that gets into a timber product that can replace concrete and steel in a building，" he says.Efficiencies vary in different countries，but large amounts of a harvested tree are left to be divided into parts，used in short-lived products like paper or burned for energy，all of which generate emissions.
    In a report for the World Resources Institute，Searchinger and his colleagues have modelled how using more wood for construction would affect emissions between 2010 and 2050，accounting for the emissions from harvesting the wood.They considered various types of forests and parts of wood going towards construction.They also factored in the emissions savings from replacing concrete and steel.
    Under some circumstances，the researchers found significant emissions reductions.But each case required what they considered an unrealistically high portion of the wood going towards construction，as well as rapid growth only seen in warmer places，like Brazil.In general，they found a large increase in global demand for wood would probably lead to rising emissions for decades.Accounting for emissions in this way，the researchers reported in a related paper that increasing forest harvests between 2010 and 2050 would add emissions equal to roughly 10 percent of total annual emissions.
    Ali Amiri at Aalto University in Finland says the report's conclusions about emissions from rising demand are probably correct，but the story is different for wood we already harvest. "Boosting the efficiency of current harvests and using more wood for longer lived purposes than paper would cut emissions，" he says. "We cannot just say we should stop using wood."

（1）What is wrong with previous researches according to Searchinger？
A．They got wrong statistics.
B．They used an incorrect concept.
C．They included too many factors.
D．They were applied in limited countries.
（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about？
A．The process of the new research.
B．The background of the new study.
C．The challenge of the new research.
D．The achievements of the new study.
（3）When will the emissions drop off greatly according to the new study？
A．When wood grows slowly.
B．When wood is used to make paper.
C．When wood is used to build a house.
D．When wood is harvested in countries like Brazil.
（4）What is Ali Amiri's attitude toward the new result？
A．Favorable.
B．Doubtful.
C．Critical.
D．Objective.

共享时间:2024-05-08 难度:2 相似度:1

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201805. （2024•西安中学•七模）     Meeting people is the first step to make friends.But how do you actually become friends with someone？Here are some useful tips.
   1.Make small talk even if you don't feel like it
    Small talk can feel false and meaningless.But it does have a purpose.By making small talk，you show that you're friendly and open to communicating.In that way，small talk helps you to make the first connection with potential new friends.If someone doesn't make any small talk，we might assume that they don't want to make friends with us，that they don't like us，or that they're in a bad mood.
   2.Figure out what you might have in common
    When you talk to someone new and realize that you have things in common，the conversation usually goes from stiff to fun and interesting.Therefore，make it a habit to find out if you have any mutual interests or something in common.You can do this by mentioning things that interest you and seeing how they react.
   3.Don't write people off until you know them
    Don't judge people too quickly.Try not to assume that they are shallow，boring，or that you have nothing to talk about.If everyone seems uninterested，it might be because you keep getting stuck in small talk.If you only make small talk，everyone soundallow.
   4.Make people like being around you
    When you try to make people like you，it will become easier for you to make friends.When you make sure that people like being around you，they will like you.If we are with someone with a positive experience，we like that person more.

（1）What is the purpose of small talk？
A.To show that you are in a good mood.
B.To show you have something in common.
C.To show you are friendly and want to talk.
D.To show you are a potential new friend.
（2）According to the passage why do you think people around you are boring？
A.Because you don't have a deep chat with them.
B.Because they have nothing in common with you.
C.Because you don't make a small talk with them.
D.Because you don't like to make friends with them.
（3）What will you do if you want to make it easier to make friends？
A.To avoid being stuck in small talk.
B.To judge people by what they do.
C.To stay with people with a positive experience.
D.To make people willing to stay with you.

共享时间:2024-06-08 难度:2 相似度:1

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201806. （2024•西安中学•七模）     Charles Darwin was born in 1809 in Shrewsbury，England.His father，a doctor，had high hopes that his son would earn a medical degree at Edinburgh University in Scotland，where he was admitted at the age of sixteen.It turned out that Darwin was more interested in natural history than medicine.While he continued his studies at Cambridge，it was his focus on natural history that became his passion.
    In 1831，Darwin set out on a voyage as a naturalist aboard a ship of the British Royal Navy，the HMS Beagle.The main purpose of the trip was to survey the coastline of South America and chart its harbors to make better maps of the region.
    Darwin spent much of the trip on land collecting samples of plants，animals，rocks，and fossils.He explored regions in Brazil，Argentina，Chile，and remote islands such as the Galápagos.He packed all of his samples into large wooden containers and sent them back to England aboard other large ships.
    Upon his return to England in 1836，Darwin's work continued.Studies of his samples and notes from the trip led to groundbreaking scientific discoveries.Fossils he collected led to advances in the understanding of the processes that shape the Earth's surface.Darwin's analysis of the plants and animals he gathered led him to question how species form and change over time.This work convinced him of the insight that he is most famous for —natural selection.The theory of natural selection says that individuals of a species are more likely to survive in their environment and pass on their genes to the next generation when they inherit traits from their parents that are best suited for that specific environment.In this way，such traits become more widespread in the species and can lead eventually to the development of a new species.
    In 1859，Darwin published his thoughts about evolution and natural selection in On the Origin of Species.The book convinced many people that species change over time —a lot of time—suggesting that the planet was much older than what was commonly believed at the time：six thousand years.
    Charles Darwin died in 1882 at the age of seventy-three.He is buried in Westminster Abbey in London，England.

（1）What is the purpose of Paragraph 1？
A.To show his educational level.
B.To stress his father's influence on him.
C.To pave the way for his future study of nature.
D.To introduce his family background.
（2）What was Charles Darwin's attitude to his job as naturalist？
A.Boring.
B.Enthusiastic.
C.Unclear.
D.Disappointing.
（3）What kind of animal is more likely to survive according to natural selection？
A.An animal that can pass on its genes to the next generation.
B.An animal that can lead to the development of a new kind of species.
C.An animal that receives its parents' features fit for the specific environment.
D.An animal whose parents teach it to survive from the specific environment.
（4）What is this text mainly about？
A.The process of Darwin's voyage.
B.All the research results in Darwin's life.
C.The birth of Darwin's theory of natural selection.
D.Darwin's talent for studying natural history.

共享时间:2024-06-08 难度:2 相似度:1

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201807. （2024•西安中学•七模）     Harvard scientists have engineered a group of fish that swims autonomously.Researchers say the experiment could advance pacemaker（起搏器） technology and improve the development of artificial hearts for humans.
    Researchers built the fish using paper，two parts of heart muscle tissue —one on the left side and one on the right —and a plastic fin.A contraction on one side caused the muscle on the other side to stretch.The stretching then caused those cells to contract，which moved the tail from side to side and allowed it to swim on its own.The muscle cells were from human stem cells.The researchers also engineered an autonomous pacing node，which acted like a pacemaker by controlling the rhythm and frequency of the contractions.
    The fish moved autonomously for over 108 days，which is equal to 38 million beats，the study states.Because heart cells constantly rebuild themselves，which takes about 20 days，the fish cells rebuilt themselves a total of about five times over，says Kit Parker，a professor from Harvard University who led the research.
    Years ago，Parker was disappointed with the state of heart treatment. "It occurred to me in 2007 that we might have failed to understand the fundamental laws of muscular pumps，" he said in a 2012 statement.Then，on a trip to the museum with his daughter，he spotted a special fish. "I'm looking at it，thinking， 'It pumps，it looks like a heart pump，and I could build that thing.'" In 2012，his team created a fish that swam using rat heart cells，and then a ray fish with rat heart cells in 2016.
    Though the researchers say the fish is a step forward for heart research，it could be years before it leads to the creation of an artificial heart，says Michael Schneider，a professor at Imperial College London，who wasn't involved in the study.But that doesn't dismay Parker. "I think other methods will be faster than us，" says Parker. "But in the long run，creating tissue that relies on the patient's own cells could offer unexpected benefits."

（1）What made the fish swim autonomously in the experiment？
A.The special paper.
B.The push of the fin.
C.Muscle contractions.
D.The support of the tail.
（2）What result probably impressed the researchers most？
A.The power of the pacing node.
B.The swimming speed of the fish.
C.The fish's lasting swimming time.
D.The rhythm of the fish's movement.
（3）Why is Parker's trip to the museum mentioned in Paragraph 4？
A.It gave Parker a good memory.
B.It made Parker find inspiration.
C.It removed Parker's disappointment.
D.It introduced Parker to a special fish.
（4）What does the underlined word "dismay" mean in the last paragraph？
A.Depress.
B.Annoy.
C.Embarrass.
D.Relieve.

共享时间:2024-06-08 难度:2 相似度:1

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201808. （2024•西安中学•七模）     In a new study，researchers found that invasive insects in the United States could kill approximately 1.4 million urban trees by 2050，which would cost over ＄900 million to replace，reports Vishwam Sankaran for the Independent.
    Hot spots predicted to have the most urban tree mortality（死亡率） were Milwaukee，Wisconsin；Chicago，Illinois；and New York，New York.The study，published in the Journal of Applied Ecology，is the first nationwide forecast of street tree mortality from invasive insects.
    The emerald ash borer is an invasive beetle native to Asia.It was first detected in 2002 in southeastern Michigan，and experts suspect it was brought into the United States on wood packing material carried on cargo ships or airplanes traveling from Asia.Since then，the bug has been damaging ash trees.In the last two decades since the insect was first detected，numerous trees have been killed in North America.
    Data collected from 30，000 communities across the country was used to estimate tree mortality in the next 30 years.The researchers combined this data with a model that predicted the spread of 57 different invasive insect species.Their resultow emerald ash borers alone could cause 90% of the estimated 1.4 million tree deaths.Ash borers are already predicted to "kill virtually all ash trees" in over 6，000 urban areas，according to Newsweek.
    Less than 25% of 30，000 urban areas in the U.S.are expected to experience 95% of all street-tree mortality，reports Adam Barnes for the Hill.The areas that will experience the most tree loss include cities in the Midwest and East Coast.These locations are expected to have the most tree loss because large numbers of ash trees occupy the streets and parks in these areas，reported the Independent.
    When it comes to how to save urban areas from becoming treeless，study author Emma Hudgins，a biologist at McGill University，says， "These results can hopefully provide a cautionary tale against planting a single species of tree throughout entire cities，as has been done with ash trees in North America.Planting various trees provides resilience against pest infestations（侵扰）."

（1）What can we know about the emerald ash borer？
A.It is an invasive beetle in Asia.
B.It was first found by the Michigan people.
C.It has killed numerous trees in America.
D.They definitely enter the U.S.by cargo ships or airplanes.
（2）What is the fourth paragraph intended to describe？
A.The purpose of the research.
B.The conclusion of the research.
C.The significance of the research.
D.The process and result of the research.
（3）What can be inferred from the fifth paragraph？
A.Pest infestations are taking place across the country.
B.The insect's invasion won't spread equally in America.
C.Tree loss is the main cause of environmental problems.
D.Ash trees are being removed from many areas in the U.S.
（4）What suggestion does Emma Hudgins provide？
A.Getting different types of trees planted.
B.Replacing foreign trees with local ones.
C.Getting more trees planted in more areas.
D.Planting trees resistant to pest infestations.

共享时间:2024-06-08 难度:2 相似度:1

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201825. （2024•西安中学•九模）     From the world's last seven to a global population of more than 5，000，China spent nearly 40 years bringing back crested ibises（朱鹗）from the edge of extinction.
    With its typical red crest and face，as well as a long black mouth and snow-white feathers，the crested ibis is known as "the oriental gem" in China.They were once widespread in East Asia and Siberia until the 20th century when hunting，ecological damage and increased human activities drove the birds to near extinction.
    In 1981，the entire species around the world was down to the seven crested ibises which were found only in Yangxian County，northwest China's Shaanxi Province，and deep in the Qinling Mountains，making Qinling，a natural boundary between China's north and south，the last shelter of the wild birds.
    Since 1981，the local government of Yangxian County has put forward four bans for the protection of the species，prohibiting activities including hunting in the birds' living areas，cutting down trees where they nest，using chemicals in their food-finding areas，and firing guns in their breeding（繁殖）areas.The Chinese government arranged special funds to protect the habitat of crested ibises，sealing off mountains to plant trees in the birds' living areas.China started the artificial breeding of crested ibises in 1991 and had bred more than 400 birds in Shaanxi as of last year.
    Years of constant effort have brought promising results.It is estimated that there are more than 5，000 crested ibises in the world now，and a majority of them live in Shaanxi.The bird's habitat in China has risen from less than 5 square km in 1981 to the current 15，000 square km.
    "It is lucky that the crested ibis，an ancient bird，is still flying around，" said Zan Linsen，head of the Shaanxi Academy of Forestry. "The conservation story of crested ibises not only shows us the power of ancient life，but also the necessity and urgency of ecological environment protection."

（1）Why are the Qinling Mountains so important to crested ibises？
A．They are where crested ibises were first found.
B．They used to be the last habitat of crested ibises.
C．They are the only breeding area of crested ibises.
D．They protect crested ibises from natural enemies.
（2）What can we conclude from paragraph 4？
A．Crested ibises are unlikely to be bred artificially.
B．It's legal to own hunting guns in Yangxian County.
C．Hunting has been the biggest threat to crested ibises.
D．The government plays a key role in saving crested ibises.
（3）How does Zan Linsen feel about the conservation of crested ibises？
A．Merciful and ambitious.
B．Relieved and happy.
C．Shocked and curious.
D．Sorry and regretful.
（4）What is a suitable title for the text？
A．Rare animals in China：crested ibises
B．Artificial breeding of crested ibises in China
C．Endangered crested ibises making a comeback
D．Crested ibises found again in the Qinling Mountains

共享时间:2024-06-24 难度:2 相似度:1

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201547. （2025•西安中学•一模） Freelance Writers Wanted Associated Content（AC） is an online publishing platform that enables anyone to earn money by writing articles on the Web.
    Writing for AC is a great work opportunity for students，stay-at-home parents and freelance writers—you can work in your own time and submit papers，reviews，essays，etc.on any topic that you have interest in.This is a job you can do anywhere—all you need is access to the Internet.
    Here's how you get started：
    1.Go to www.associatedcontent.com.
    2.Follow the instructions to register.
    3.Fill in your profile，writing down your previous experiences（if any）.
    4.Start submitting articles.You'll begin earning money as soon as your articles are published and the amount is based on the pageviews your articles receive.
    In addition to our own libraries of content，we have hundreds of partners （content team partners）.As such，there are lots of opportunities for our most talented and productive writers to have more assignments and submit articles on an as-needed basis.
    If you're interested in higher-paying partner assignments，send us a link of your AC profile once you have submitted at least five articles.We will review all submissions and pass them on to our content team partners.If selected，you will start receiving special paid assignments from us on a regular basis，which you are free to accept or ignore.
    NOTE：We pay our writers salaries via PayPal daily.
    Any questions？Email us：support@crunchbase.com.

（1）You can write for AC on condition that you         .
A.have rich experience in writing
B.have access to the Internet
C.register
D.are free at home
（2）How much you can earn for your published article depends on         .
A.the space it covers
B.the subject it deals with
C.the opinion you voice in the article
D.the pageviews it receives
（3）Content team partners are mentioned in the passage to         .
A.encourage people to write more articles for AC
B.lay stress on the importance of cooperation
C.win more support of other business partners
D.show off its abundant libraries of content

共享时间:2025-03-03 难度:2 相似度:1

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201758. （2024•西安中学•三模） When you think of a map，is north on the top or the bottom？Usually，maps are designed with north on top，though when we think about it，there s no logical reason for this bias.After all，there is no up or down in space.So what's wrong with south，east or west being on the top of the map？The answer is：nothing at all.In fact，north-up maps only became the norm in the last few hundred years.
   Ancient Egyptian maps had south at the top because the Nile River flows downhill from mountains in the south to the Mediterranean Sea in the north.Mecca was to the south of most early Muslim civilizations，and south-up maps were designed so that viewers would look up to see Mecca.Medieval Christian maps had east at the top，as they believed the Garden of Eden was in the east.The only early maps that had north at the top were those of early China because the emperor lived in the north.
   North seems to have settled at the top of maps during the 16th century，largely thanks to a Flemish mapmaker，Mercator.Mercator was a great admirer of an early Greek mapmaker，who，for reasons now unknown，put north at the top of maps，so Mercator did，too.When Mercator's world map became the standard map to navigate the oceans，north up became standard as well.
   What is the implication of this north-view of the world？Psychologically，people tend to think of up as good and down as bad.Just think of words and phrases like "upmarket"，"upbeat" and "moving up in the world"，and how they contrast with their opposites.Because north is so consistently put at the top of maps，people now think of north as good，too.
   Several attempts have been made in recent years by introducing south-up maps to the market.These maps not only give us a chance to see the world differently，but also give everyone the chance to see themselves on top.

（1）What can we learn from the first two paragraphs？
A．North-up maps were rare in ancient times.
B．Deciding up or down in space is ridiculous.
C．Mecca maps were based on a legend.
D．The south-up map first appeared in ancient Egypt.
（2）Why is north associated with good？
A．An illogical reason.
B．The spread of Mercator's maps.
C．People's preference for up.
D．An age-old tradition in Greece.
（3）What is the authors attitude to south-up maps？
A．Cautious.
B．Supportive.
C．Uncaring.
D．Disapproving.
（4）What's the main purpose of the text？
A．To explain a phenomenon.
B．To compare various facts.
C．To correct a cultural bias.
D．To argue for a viewpoint.

共享时间:2024-04-15 难度:2 相似度:1

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201864. （2024•西安一中•三模）     The 2023 EF English Proficiency （水平） Index （EPI） that measures English language ability worldwide shows a worrying problem about English language proficiency.The index is based on test results from 2.2 million people in 113 countries.
    Results were reported for the first time in 2015.Since then，the English proficiency of young people has decreased by 89 points.The EPI defines young people as being 18 to 20 years of age，and it notes that they are mostly stable with big decreases in a few large countries.India，Indonesia and Mexico showed the largest ability decreases among youth.
    The report noted that the decrease appears to have taken place when the COVID-19 pandemic impacts normal education.There has been a decrease in Mexico for nearly 10 years.However，working adults，about 26 years old and older，have been improving their English since 2015.It is still widely acknowledged that the value of a shared language is most recognized in the workplace.English creates possibilities for individuals and productivity for organizations.
    Results also show a difference between men and women，which is called a gender gap.Men's English ability has improved by 14 points since 2015，while women's has decreased by 19 points.The lack of women in international jobs is one reason for the gender gap.But the gender gap among those aged 18 to 25 might demonstrate a problem caused by educational systems themselves or a social problem schools are failing to address.
    There are different opinions about why the decrease exists.Many people think artificial intelligence （or AI） tools could also be a key reason.Jeannie Tse is a country manager at EF Hong Kong and Macau.He thinks that while AI has changed the way young people work and learn，the importance of schools，teachers and face-to-face instruction remains. "I don't believe that AI can completely replace language learning，but educators can use AI to enhance language learning methods，" said Jeannie Tse.

（1）Why are working adults trying to improve their English？        ?
A．To increase their income and knowledge.
B．To be involved in better working environment.
C．To obtain more chances and better working efficiency.
D．To create a harmonious working environment for themselves.
（2）What can we learn from paragraph 4？        ?
A．Most women don't like international jobs.
B．Educational systems contribute to the gender gap in English proficiency.
C．Women's English proficiency decreases with age.
D．There widely exists the phenomenon of discrimination against women.
（3）What's Jeannie Tse's attitude to the role of AI and face-to-face teaching？        ?
A．Objective.
B．Positive.
C．Uncertain.
D．Uncaring.
（4）What is a suitable title for the text？        ?
A．Young People's Attitudes towards English Vary
B．English Learning Has Become a Burden Worldwide
C．Results from a Report Show some Alarming Problems
D．Young People's English Language Ability Is Decreasing

共享时间:2024-04-05 难度:2 相似度:1

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2023-12-24

高中英语 | 高一上 | 阅读理解

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