痴呆触发器

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214137. （2022•雁塔二中•高二下期中） They already guide blind and disabled people；now dogs are to be trained to help people with dementia （痴呆） or Alzheimer's.Alzheimer's can make people confuse night and day or forget basic things such as washing or drinking enough water.
   The dogs will be trained to respond to sound triggers （触发器）in the home that cause them to perform tasks.The duties will include reminding their owners to take medicine，as well as encouraging them to eat，drink and sleep regularly.
   The idea was developed by design students at the Glasgow School of Art and will now be put into practice by Alzheimer's Scotland and Dogs for the Disabled.The first dogs will be distributed to four Scottish couples，where one of the partners is in the early stages of dementia.Some 670，000 people in Britain have dementia and one in three over 65 will develop the condition.By 2021 this is expected to rise to one million.
   Joyce Gray of Alzheime's Scotland said， "People in the early stages of dementia are still able to live a relatively normal life，and dogs help to maintain routine." Another advantage of using the pets as companions is that dogs can give them a sense of silent support and companionship.Ms Gray said， " The evidence is that people may forget familiar faces but not pets.It's such a strong bond that people often remember them longest.People don't need to communicate verbally （言语地） but they can still interact.You can have a speechless bond."
   Helen McCain，director of Dogs for the Disabled，said， "People with dementia often forget to take the medicine.If a dog presents them with a bag with pills in it there's a greater chance of them taking it.The dog would also encourage the owner to take them out for walks，ensuring they keep exercising and interacting with other people."

（1）In Britain people with dementia        .
A．are likely to increase in number
B．are mostly over 65 years old
C．will be trained to respond to sound triggers
D．will be able to live a relatively normal life
（2）The dogs are taught to perform tasks by        .
A．making some sound signals
B．communicating with the patients
C．reminding the patients by barking
D．reacting to some sound triggers
（3）What does the underlined word "them" in Paragraph 4 refer to？
A．Faces.
B．Triggers.
C．Pets.
D．Companion.
（4）What is mainly talked about in the passage？
A．The idea of dementia dogs was developed by students.
B．Dogs are trained to assist Alzheimer's patients.
C．British people with Alzheimer's are in poor condition.
D．The dementia dogs perform most duties of a doctor.

共享时间:2022-05-20 难度:1

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ADCB

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（1）A.细节理解题。根据第三段的Some 670，000 people in Britain have dementia and one in three over 65 will develop the condition.By 2021 this is expected to rise to one million.（英国约有67万人患有痴呆症，65岁以上的人中有三分之一会患上这种疾病。到2021年，这一数字预计将增至100万。）可知，在英国，痴呆症患者的数量可能会增加。故选A。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段的The dogs will be trained to respond to sound triggers （触发器） in the home that cause them to perform tasks.（这些狗狗将接受训练，对家中的声音触发器做出反应，从而执行任务。）可知，狗被教导通过对一些声音触发器做出反应来执行任务。故选D。
（3）C.代词指代题。根据第四段的The evidence is that people may forget familiar faces but not pets.（有证据表明，人们可能会忘记熟悉的面孔，但不会忘记宠物。）可知，人们通常会记住宠物，因此第四自然段中的"them"指的是宠物，即Pets，A.Faces脸；B.Triggers触发器；C.Pets宠物；D.Companion同伴。故选C。
（4）B.主旨大意题。通读全文，尤其是第一段的They already guide blind and disabled people；now dogs are to be trained to help people with dementia or Alzheimer's.（他们已经为盲人和残疾人提供了向导；现在狗被训练来帮助老年痴呆症患者。）可知，本文主要讲的是狗被训练来帮助老年痴呆症患者。故选B。

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205097. （2022•蓝田县•高二下期末） Jeff was diagnosed in 2010 with multiple myeloma （多发性骨髓瘤）．It is a disease that is usually noticed when grandpa falls and breaks his hip.The average patient is in his early 70s.But Jeff was only 50 when diagnosed. "I wondered why me，as a young guy？" Jeff says.But his relative youth and good health has put him in a position to fight the disease in his way.
   In next January Jeff and his wife Ramona will join a team climbing to the top of Mount Kilimanjaro to raise awareness and funds for the Multiple Myeloma Research Foundation.It's an adventure he's dreamed about since the 4th grade.
   Jeff will be one of four in the group who are myeloma patients not willing to be threatened by cancer.He and Ramona have raised nearly ﹩18，000 toward their combined goal of ﹩20，000.
   Still，he's confident that his earlier marathon training has prepared him to climb the highest free- standing mountain in the world. "I just have to deal with it and understand my limitations. "he says.
   What Jeff sees is a clear future. "Having cancer narrows the focus about what we want to do and who we want to do it with. " he says.He and Ramona now ask themselves， "How do we go out and live the most fulfilling lives？Who are the most important people in our lives？What brings us joy？"
   Climbing Mount Kilimanjaro is their next adventure，but Jeff knows it won't be just a personal accomplishment. "I do these things for all the people who can't. "he says.
   Jeff is certain that his passion for hiking and adventure will take him to the top of Mount Kilimanjaro and that his story will inspire those with multiple myeloma to keep sight of who they are beyond their diagnosis.
   "It's obvious to me， " he says， "that this is part of my fate. "

（1）What can we know about multiple myeloma according to the text？
A．It's a deadly disease that can't be cured.
B．It's a disease that usually occurs around the age of 50.
C．It's a disease that Jeff has been struggling with.
D．It's a disease that only affects men.
（2）What's the main purpose for Jeff and his wife to climb to the top of Mount Kilimanjaro？
A．To show love for climbing high mountains.
B．To get enough physical training to be stronger.
C．To express determination to overcome the disease.
D．To raise awareness and money for an organization.
（3）What's Jeff's attitude towards his disease？
A．Worried.
B．Optimistic.
C．Favorable.
D．Indifferent.
（4）What's the best title for the text？
A．Be Strong-minded.
B．Power of Independence.
C．Love for Travelling.
D．An Unusual Disease.

共享时间:2022-07-22 难度:1 相似度:2

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204689. （2023•西安八十九中•高二上期末） OUCH!Shots hurt.But they prevent you from getting sick.How？By teaching your body how to fight germs （病菌）.Some vaccines （疫苗） contain germs of a specific disease that have either been killed or weakened，so the shots won't give you the disease.
   Quantities of white blood cells called "B cells" defend your body.Each one can recognize something that is not part of you.When a germ gets inside your body and meets its match，that B cell becomes active.It replicates itself，and thousands of B cells create "antibodies"，which attach to the germ and destroy it.
   One germ can turn into a million in a few hours.If you're weak，you will soon feel very sick.Meanwhile，your B cells are working hard and they will catch up with the growing numbers of germs in one or two weeks.At the height of the battle，B cells can make thousands of antibodies （抗体）in a second.That's when you start feeling better.
   After the germs are defeated，your body knows how to fight those specific germs because some B cells are memory B cells.Sometimes they can live for your entire life.They make you safe from a second infection （感染）.That fact is the basis for vaccination.Vaccines contain dead or weakened germs that let your body make memory B cells.If you later come across that same germ，memory B cells immediately start replicating themselves and making antibodies.Soon the germs are destroyed，and you probably won't even feel sick.
When Edward Jenner tried using cowpox to protect people from smallpox （天花），he had no idea about B cells or antibodies.Now we know that cowpox and smallpox are similar enough that the antibodies made against cowpox also kill the smallpox virus for a time.A hundred years after Jenner，Louis Pasteur formed the basis for vaccination：using a germ against itself.
（1）What does the underlined word "replicates" mean in the second paragraph？
A．Repairs.
B．Reproduces.
C．Replaces.
D．Recycles.
（2）People start feeling better after getting sick when        .
A．germs grow at a high speed
B．antibodies reach a high level
C．memory B cells come into being
D．B cells find the germ in your body
（3）What can we know about vaccines from the text？
A．Vaccineots may give people the disease.
B．Vaccines put antibodies in people's body.
C．Vaccines free people of various diseases.
D．Vaccines help people make memory B cells.
（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A．How to Fight Germs.
B．What Are Vaccines.
C．How Vaccines Work.
D．Who Invented Vaccines.

共享时间:2023-02-23 难度:1 相似度:2

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205980. （2016•西安一中•高二下期末） University-the best days of my life!I made lots of friends in my student dorm，went to great parties，joined the debating society…and，well，I did some work too-but I must admit my lecturers were very patient with my tardiness（拖拉）．
It's easy to look back at our university days through rose-tinted spectacles but the truth is that when we first arrived on campus，most of us were out of our comfort zone．
In fact，a survey of students at Imperial College London has revealed that 3 out of 4 students experience high levels of stress，or a mental health condition，during their time at college．The survey，completed by over a thousand students，also found that 70% of those that experience stress do so at least once a week，and 9% of students feel stressed constantly．
Kirsty，a student at Exeter University，didn't enjoy her first days in college．She says："When I first got to university I don't think I'd realized that I'd forgotten how to make friends．I'd been with the same school friends for seven years，and so I was trying to balance social success with academic success while learning how to look after myself at quite a young age．"
Dr Ruth Caleb of the counseling service at Brunel University in London has some tips that should make life easier for students before they set off for university．She says："Certain things that I think it would be very helpful for students to have put in place are an ability to do the practical things of life-to do the washing，to do the cleaning and so on-being able to cook．Budgeting is extremely important in university life．"And Caleb adds："You should learn how to spend time on your own comfortably．"
I graduated and learnt how to take care of myself the hard way．I hope that new students these days remember to acquire some life skills before they make the big jump．
（1）Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined part in Paragraph 2？
A．rose-shaped glasses
B．positive perspectives
C．negative sides
D．flower-like tools
（2）What did Kirsty find most difficult to do during her first days in college？
A．Not knowing how to make new friends．
B．Not realizing the importance of making friends．
C．Looking after herself at quite an early age．
D．Trying to achieve academic success．
（3）Which of the following tips are helpful or important EXCEPT         according to Dr．Ruth Caleb？
A．having the ability to cook
B．being able to do the cleaning
C．learning how to spend money on one's own
D．balancing social success and academic success
D．Acquiring some life skills isn't that important to new students．
（4）What does the author probably mean by saying"I graduated and learnt how to take care of myself the hard way"？
A．He quickly adapted to the new environment when he first arrived on campus．
B．He graduated from college with many achievements．
C．It might have taken him some time to get used to college life．
D．It might have made him proud by leading an independent life at college．

共享时间:2016-07-30 难度:1 相似度:2

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202785. （2020•西安中学•八模） Here are some tips from experts for writing that all-important application essay，which can often mean the difference between getting accepted - or rejected - by the school of your choice．
   The essay is your loudspeaker - your view of the world and your ambitions．It's not just a resume or a regurgitation of everything you've done．It needs to tell a story with passion，using personal，entertaining anecdotes that showcase your character，your interests，your values，your life experiences，your views of the world，your ambitions and even your sense of humor．
   Emphasize volunteer work or other ways you've helped people or made your community a better place．It helps if the activity is related to the subject you want to study．For example，Christopher Rim of Command Education Group，which coaches students，remembers that one student who wanted to become a dentist，set up a nonprofit and held fund-raisers to distribute toothbrushes，toothpaste and other dental products to homeleselters．Admissions staff members want to know how your presence will make the college a better place．
   Mention internships，summer courses，extracurricular activities or lab work that show steps you've taken to learn and understand your field of interest．That will help show you know the field you've chosen to study and are passionate about it．
   Explain with knowledge and passion why you want to study at this particular college rather than at others．Tell why the school's size，curriculum，social atmosphere，location，professors or history influenced your choice．
   Correct spelling，grammar and punctuation are critical．Use grammar，syntax and writing with a level of sophistication that shows you're ready for college．Never use text-style abbreviations or rude or profane language．After the essay is submitted，check your email and voice mail daily to make sure you see and respond promptly to messages from admissions staff members．Many students check only texts and sometimes miss emails asking follow-up questions or requesting an interview．
   Hafeez Lakhani of Lakhani Coaching summed up the essay this way： "Every college is like a dinner table．What will make you the most interesting contributor to that dinner table conversation？What will make you help everyone else have a more interesting experience？" A good essay，rich with anecdotes and personality，will answer those questions and stand out from the pile．

（1）What should be covered in an application essay？
A．Your community，summer courses，and extracurricular activities．
B．Your passion，sense of humor and your resume．
C．Your college，views of the world，and interest．
D．Your volunteer work，internships，and lab work．
（2）What does the underlined word "anecdotes" mean？
A．documents
B．stories
C．descriptions
D．jokes
（3）How to persuade the admissions staff members to accept you？
A．Your life experiences are rich enough to learn the courses well．
B．You are kind to the homeless and eager to donate daily necessities．
C．Your being present at the college will make it a better one．
D．You want to study at the school due to its popularity．
（4）Which of the following is appropriate according to the author？
A．Apply grammar and sentences which is not that simple．
B．Write the application in a style of text abbreviation．
C．Use vulgar language to show you really care．
D．Employ correct spelling and pronunciation．

共享时间:2020-06-12 难度:1 相似度:2

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202767. （2020•西安中学•二模） After the cure of pneumonia，Wuhan Dad reread the letter his daughter left at the bedside，tears filled his eyes．In the second vlog series，make a video call to a friend in Wuhan，China Daily reporter Xiao Peng interviewed three Wuhan residents by video and phone，among whom three have just been released from isolation．Their lives have been transformed by pneumonia （肺炎） caused by the new coronavirus （冠状病毒）．
   The first interviewee was Tian Fuxin from Wuhan．He was admitted to hospital on January 20 and discharged from hospital on January 30 after 10 days of isolation treatment．
   "When I was admitted to hospital，I was very anxious．But after a few days I was OK．And if you're infected by the novel coronavirus，the government covers your medical expenses．Our meals are the same as the doctors' and nurses"．
   "Every time I saw themin their protective gear，I felt moved because I know that stuff must be awful to wear，with goggles fogged up and so on．I can't thank them enough．Those patients who were discharged early like us are very grateful to the people who helped us，because without them，it's hard to say how we could have survived．"
   Worried about his daughter's safety，the family had her back to the university in Shanghai before the closure．She was quarantined in Shanghai on the first day of the lunar New Year and was recently confirmed to be well enough to end the quarantine．The daughter left her father a letter in which she read between the lines her guilt not being able to accompany him and her love for him．
   "I can't look after you every time you are in hospital．I was right with you，though I didn't realize how ill you were．Nothing could be done except get away．" "Dad，I love you．After growing up，I think I've never said that．You must hold on．I can't live without you，Dad．" "Don't be pessimistic．Little psychological tricks are helpful．You have to tell yourself I am feeling better．
   Because of infectious virus as well as its outbreak Tian Fuxin fell ill，experiencing a period of fighting the disease．However，he received the words his daughter had not long been able to speak out "Dad，I love you．"

（1）Whom does the underlined word "them" in the fourth paragraph refer to？
A．Wuhan residents
B．medical staff
C．the three interviewees
D．the government
（2）Which of the following is FALSE？
A．The daughter couldn't care for her father when he was in hospital．
B．The meals of the pneumonia patients are quite different from those of doctors．
C．daughter was also isolated in Shanghai on the first day of the lunar New Year．
D．Tian Fuxin has been cured and has recovered from pneumonia．
（3）The daughter left the letter to        ．
A．show little psychological tricks are helpful
B．inform him her being quarantined in Shanghai
C．encourage him to fight disease and she loved him all the way．
D．to say goodbye to the father．
（4）The article comes from        ．
A．a magazine
B．a fiction
C．a brochure
D．a newspaper

共享时间:2020-03-27 难度:1 相似度:2

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205943. （2016•西北大附中•高二下期末） Visualization is closely related to positive thinking．It is used by athletes，musicians，actors，speakers，and others to improve their performance in stressful situations．How does it work？Listen to long-distance runner Vicki Huber：
Right before a big race，I'll picture myself running，and I will try and put all of the other competitors in the race into my mind．Then I will try and imagine every possible situation I might find myself in…behind someone，being pushed，different positions on the track，laps to go，and，of course the final part．And I always picture myself winning the race，no matter what happens during the event．
Of course，Huber doesn't win every race she runs，but research haown that the kind of mental imaging she describes can significantly increase athletic performance．It has also shown that visualization can help speakers control their stage fright．
The key to visualization is creating a vivid mental blueprint in which you see yourself succeeding in your speech．Picture yourself in your classroom rising to speak．See yourself at the lectern（放演讲稿的讲桌），self-assured，making eye contact（接触）with your audience and delivering your introduction in a firm，clear voice．Feel your confidence growing as your listeners get more and more caught up in what you are saying．Imagine your sense of achievement as you conclude the speech knowing you have done your very best．
As you create these images in your mind's eye，be realistic but stay focused on the positive aspects of your speech．Don't allow negative images to affect the positive ones．Acknowledge your nervousness，but picture yourself overcoming it to give an effective presentation．If one part of the speech always seems to give you trouble，visualize yourself getting through it without any problems．And be specific．The clearer your mental pictures，the more successful you are likely to be．
As with your physical rehearsal（排练）of the speech，this kind of mental rehearsal should be repeated several times in the days before you speak．It doesn't guarantee that every speech will turn out exactly the way you imagine it-and it certainly is no replacement for thorough preparation．But it is a proven way to help control your nerves and to make a successful presentation．
（1）Huber's visualization of her races        ．
A．is detailed and thorough
B．is used during the event
C．is based on real pictures
D．is created with other runners
（2）According to the text，if you run into difficulty when preparing a speech，you should        ．
A．ignore the negative aspects
B．do the mental imaging later
C．imagine finishing it smoothly
D．create clearer mental pictures
（3）What do we learn about mental rehearsal？
A．It usually produces the desired results．
B．It may be a good way to calm you down．
C．It is more important than physical rehearsal．
D．It is a good chance to show your imagination．

共享时间:2016-07-12 难度:1 相似度:2

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205880. （2017•西安中学•高一下期末） A new study in December's Journal of Family Psychology says that working mothers report being healthier and happier than the stay-at-home mothers．The author，Dr．Cheryl Buehler，concludes that"A mother's economic role is central to family life，and it supports her well-being and her parenting．"What about the miserably conflicted working mother crying at her desk because her baby's first words were"au pair（家务女工）"？
Though Buehler's study relies on data from more than 1，300 mothers of young children across the U．S．-tracked over a 10-year period-the research is far from perfect．To begin with，it's pretty old，as it covers the decade beginning in 1991．So it's unfair to ask whether contemporary（当代的）working moms，whose companies have been downsized（减员的） and whose bosses may expect them to turn on their Black Berries for 24 hours，are quite as peaceful as their Clinton-time mothers．Even more importantly，the study focused on part-time working moms．
But what really makes this study unique is that the focus is on the mothers as well as the children．After decades of research on how working mothers affect their children，somebody's finally gotten around to investigate how it affects the moms．The study also takes a big step to the ongoing need for flexibility（灵活性） in the American workplace-and at home，because this is the power of balance．What's right for any family is what makes the members within it as happy and fulfilled as possible．
The idea that both work and parenting-especially in combination-can contribute to a woman's mental and physical health is good news．But we're complicated beings and the things that satisfy us are diverse（多元的）．They're our children and our careers．Nobody said it was easy．But maybe if you want to have it all，a good place to start is by doing it all．

（1）What can we infer from the underlined sentence in the first paragraph？
A．Working mother doesn't like her job．
B．Working mother is often not very happy．
C．Working mother hates the au pair very much．
D．Working mother loves to cry to relax herself．
（2）What do we know from the second paragraph？
A．Part time working mothers are happier than before．
B．The Clinton-time mothers are much busier than today's．
C．Today's moms have much better cellphones than before．
D．The contemporary working moms have much more pressure．
（3）In the third paragraph，the author        ．
A．emphasizes the flexibility in the American working time
B．believes it is not very important to do this kind for research
C．loves to see the research on how working mothers affect themselves
D．considers study on how working mothers affect their children necessary．

共享时间:2017-07-12 难度:1 相似度:2

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205879. （2017•西安中学•高一下期末） Today just as technology changed the face of industry，farms have experienced an"agricultural revolution"．On the farm of today，machines provide almost all the power．
One of the most important benefits will be the farm computer．A few forward-looking farmers are already using computers to help them run their farms more efficiently．The computers help them keep more accurate records so they can make better decisions on what crops to plant，how much livestock（家畜） to buy，when to sell their products，and how much profit they can expect．Many computer companies have been developing special computer programs just for farmers．Programs are being written for pig producers，grain farmers，potato farmers，and dairy farmers．In the future，farmers will be able to purchase computer programs made to their needs．Because of the growing importance of computers on the farm，students at agricultural colleges are required to take computer classes in addition to their normal agricultural courses．There can be no doubt that farmers will rely on computers even more in the future．While the old-time farm depended on horse power，and modern farms depend on machine power，farms of the future will depend on computer power．
Another technological advance which is still in the experimental stage is the robot，a real"mechanized（机械的） hired hand"that will be able to move and，in some ways，think like a human being．Agricultural engineers believe that computer-aided robots will make shocking changes in farming before the end of the century．Unlike farmers of the present，farmers of the future will find that many day-to-day tasks will be done for them．Scientists are now developing robots that will be able to shear（修剪） sheep，drive tractors，and harvest fruit．Even complex jobs will be done by robots．For example，in order to milk their cows，farmers must first drive them into the barn，then connect them to the milking machines，watch the machines，and disconnect them when they are finished．In the future，this will all be done by robots．In addition，when the milking is completed，the robots will automatically check to make sure that the milk is pure．The complete change of the farm is far in the future，but engineers expect that some robots will be used before long．

（1）Why are students at agricultural colleges required to take computer classes？
A．Because computers help them keep more accurate records．
B．Because they need to develop special computer programs just for farmers．
C．Because computers will be more and more important on future farms．
D．Because computer classes are more important than normal agricultural courses．
（2）Which of the following statements is true according to the passage？
A．Computers are now used by many farmers to help run their farms．
B．Computers can help farmers to make better decisions and predictions．
C．Both computers and robots have been in use on today's farms．
D．Farms may be totally changed in the coming years．
（3）What's the author's attitude toward the agricultural revolution？
A．Positive
B．Negative
C．Doubtful
D．Indifferent
（4）What is the best title for the whole passage？
A．Computer，Farmers' Best Friend
B．Farmers in The Future
C．Computers and Robots
D．The Agricultural Revolution．

共享时间:2017-07-12 难度:1 相似度:2

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202673. （2020•西安中学•三模） Even though vaccination（接种疫苗） is a powerful defense against disease，some voices are against it．In a recent letter，the American Medical Association（AMA） urged big social media including Amazon，Facebook and Google to take action to defend medical science on their platforms．
   It said that vaccine-preventable diseases that do harm to the public health like measles（麻疹） are on the rise．Measles cases worldwide jumped more than 30% in 2017 compared to 2016，with the largest increases seen among nations in the Americas，Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean．Vaccine-preventable diseases are increasing largely because many people are unwilling to get vaccinated．And some of these people even encourage others to refuse vaccination．So this year，the World Health Organization （WHO） declared the anti-vaccination movement a top-10 health threat．
   "Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective ways of avoiding disease - it currently prevents 2-3 million deaths a year，and a further 15 million could be avoided if global coverage of vaccinations improved，" WHO said．
   A research article published in 1998 in a medical journal suggested a link between a vaccine and the development of autism（自闭症） in young children．Although the research has been suspected and many other studies have proved that vaccinations do not cause autism，the article is still impressing people strongly today．Another reason for the growth in the anti-vaccination movement is widespread misinformation on social media，which can turn people against vaccination．If a concerned parent consistently sees information in their Newsfeed that casts doubt on the safety of vaccines，it could cause them to disregard the advice of their children's physicians and public health experts and refuse to follow the recommended vaccination schedule．So access to true information about vaccine safety is badly needed．

（1）What does the AMA require social media to do on their platforms？
A．Unite to develop new vaccines．
B．Stop vaccine misinformation．
C．Give up the anti-vaccination movement．
D．Introduce vaccine-preventable diseases．
（2）Why does the author mention the measles cases？
A．To declare measles can be prevented．
B．To prove vaccination doesn't work well．
C．To show the result of anti-vaccination．
D．To explain the reason for avoiding vaccination．
（3）Which of the following DOESN'T play a role in the anti-vaccination movement？
A．The costs of vaccination．
B．People's concerns over vaccine safety．
C．A research relating vaccination to autism．
D．Misinformation spread on social media platforms．
（4）What is the author's attitude towards vaccination？
A．Doubtful
B．Ambiguous
C．Positive
D．Negative

共享时间:2020-04-08 难度:1 相似度:2

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202635. （2020•西安中学•四模） In the early days of sea travel，seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits．Many of them died of scurvy （坏血病），a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums （牙龈），livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion．On one occasion，in 1535，an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill．The men's lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat．Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors' diet and Captain Cook，on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand，established the fact that scurvy could be prevented by the supply of fresh fruit for the sailors．
   Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing．These elements are called "vitamins"．Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them，A，B，C，D，and so on．Different diseases are associated with shortages of particular vitamins．Even a slight lack of Vitamin C，for example，the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables，is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility （敏感度） to colds and influenza．
   The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet，including a variety of fruit and green vegetables．It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet，say during extended periods of religious fasting （斋戒），or when trying to lose weight，that it is necessary to make special supply to make up for the missing vitamins．

（1）Scurvy is a disease that is caused by       ．
A．salted meat and biscuits
B．exhaustion
C．lack of some essential substances
D．need of fresh vegetables and fruits
（2）To avoid such disease as scurvy，it's better for us       ．
A．not to eat much salted meat
B．to supply our diet with various vitamin pills
C．to have more fresh fruit and vegetables
D．to develop a good dietary habit
（3）Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough，       ．
A．vitamin pills are of no use
B．nutritious food might be unhealthy
C．vegetable leaves can be a good treatment
D．religious fasting may help out a lot
（4）Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea of the passage？
A．Shortages of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases．
B．Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body．
C．Vitamins play a vitally important role in people's health．
D．A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us．

共享时间:2020-04-26 难度:1 相似度:2

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205754. （2018•西安一中•高一上期末） The most popular PE class at Waukegan High School in Illinois，US，takes place in a basement field house．
It is the school's version of CrossFit，the difficult physical exercise that has exploded in popularity over the last 16 years at thousands of gyms．It has more than one million devotees（爱好者） and a professional competition shown on ESPN．
Schools around the Chicago area have adopted CrossFit to interest students at a time of a rising weight problem among young people，and most say it really works compared with traditional gym classes．
"I think it's a great way to teach kids lifelong fitness，especially those kids who aren't interested in hockey（曲棍球），soccer or basketball，"said the teacher，Tracy Haraf from Illinois' Stony Creek Elementary，which devotes half of its PE days to CrossFit exercises． "They think it's tough，but I think they have a lot of fun doing it．"
Senior Alexus Wiltz，18，said the workout had improved her performance on the basketball court．"I noticed I was faster．I paid more attention on the court，my defending was better，"she said after a recent class．"It just really helped me．"
But some doctors and researchers advise caution，saying the exercises that involve lifting weights can lead to injuries，particularly when performed by few inexperienced people．
Doctor Craig Finlayson at Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago said he was worried that while strength training is fine for kids，heavy weights could be trouble for teenagers who might hurt themselves by trying to do too much or using poor form．
CrossFit Inc，the company that certifies（证明） trainers and licenses gyms，disagrees that its program is more dangerous than other fitness routines．Gym teachers in Waukegan's Greg Moisio，whose two-campus school has about 73%kids taking CrossFit each day，also say the risk of injury can be reduced with proper teaching and CrossFit's flexibility（灵活性）．

（1）Why have schools around the Chicago area adopted CrossFit？
A．To improve students' performance in competitive sports．
B．To introduce something more challenging to the students．
C．To help solve the students' weight problem．
D．To make traditional gym classes more attractive．
（2）How do the students react to the strength training？
A．The majority believe it's effective．
B．They show little interest in it．
C．73%agree it has a bad influence．
D．Most of them think it's of no use．
（3）What does the underlined word"workout"in Paragraph 5 refer to？
A．Wiltz's performance．
B．The basketball court．
C．The physical exercise．
D．A lot of fun．
（4）What can we learn from the last paragraph？
A．CrossFit is more dangerous than other fitness routines．
B．The number of the injured in CrossFit classes is rising．
C．A great number of kids taking CrossFit lack flexibility．
D．Kids may protect themselves if they're trained properly．

共享时间:2018-02-23 难度:1 相似度:2

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205695. （2018•西安中学•高二下期末） Summer heat can be dangerous，and heat leads to tragedy far too often．According to kidsandcars.org，an average of 37 young children per year die of car heat in the US，when they are accidentally left in a hot vehicle．
   For Bishop Curry，a fifth grader from McKinney，Texas，one such incident hit close to home．A six-month-old baby from his neighborhood died after hours in a hot car．After hearing about her death，Curry decided that something needed to be done．Young Curry，who turned 11 this year，has always had a knack for inventing things，and he drew up a sketch（草图） of a device he called "Oasis．"
   The device would attach to car seats and watch the temperature inside the car．If it reached a certain temperature in the car，and the device sensed a child in the car seat，it would begin to circulate cool air．Curry also designs the device using GPS and Wi-Fi technology，which would alarm the child's parents and，if there was no response from them，the police．
   Curry's father believes that the invention has potential． "The cool thing about Bishop's thinking is none of this technology is new，" he said． "We feel like the way he's thinking and combining all these technologies will get to production faster．" His father even introduced the device to Toyota，where he works as an engineer．The company was so impressed that they sent Curry and his father to a car safety conference in Michigan．
   In January，Curry's father launched a campaign for the invention．They hope to raise money to finalize the patent，build models，and find a manufacturer．Their goal was＄20，000，but so many people believed in Oasis' potential that they have raised more than twice that--over＄46，000．
   Curry's father remembers the first time he saw his son's sketch． "I was so proud of him for thinking of a solution，" he said． "We always just complain about things and rarely offer solutions．"

（1）What inspired Curry to invent Oasis？
A．His narrow escape from death after being locked in a car．
B．His knowledge of many children's death because of car heat．
C．The death of his neighbor's baby after being left in a hot car．
D．The injury of 37 children in his school in a car accident．
（2）What would Oasis do if it was hot in a car with a child？
A．It would inform the parents or even the police．
B．It would pump out the hot air in the car．
C．It would sound the alarm attached to the car．
D．It would get the window open to save the child．
（3）What does Curry's father think is cool about Curry's invention？
A．It used some of the most advanced technology．
B．It simply combined technologies that existed．
C．It could accelerate production of new technology．
D．It is the most advanced among similar products．
（4）Why did Curry's father start a campaign to raise money？
A．To conduct experiments to test the invention．
B．To get other children devoted to inventions．
C．To support a charity of medical aid for children．
D．To get the patent and bring it to production．

共享时间:2018-07-30 难度:1 相似度:2

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205668. （2018•西安中学•高一上期末） After years of heated debate，gray wolves were reintroduced to Yellowstone National Park．Fourteen wolves were caught in Canada and transported to the park．By last year，the Yellowstone wolf population had grown to more than 170 wolves．
Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States，but they were gradually displaced by human development．By the 1920s，wolves had disappeared from the Yellowstone area．They went farther north into the deep forests of Canada，where there were fewer humans around．
The disappearance of the wolves had many unexpected results．Deer and elk populations - major food sources （来源） for the wolf - grew rapidly．These animals consumed （消耗） large amounts of vegetation （植被），which reduced plant diversity （多样性） in the park．In the absence of wolves，coyote populations also grew quickly．The coyotes killed a large percentage of the park's red foxes，and completely drove away the park's beavers．
As early as 1966，biologists asked the government to consider reintroducing wolves to Yellowstone Park．They hoped that wolves would be able to control the elk and coyote problems．Many farmers opposed the plan because they feared that wolves would kill their farm animals or pets．
The government spent nearly 30 years coming up with a plan to reintroduce the wolves．The U．S．Fish and Wildlife Service carefully monitors and manages the wolf packs in Yellowstone．Today，the debate continues over how well the gray wolf is fitting in at Yellowstone．Elk，deer，and coyote populations are down，while beavers and red foxes have made a comeback．The Yellowstone wolf project has been a valuable experiment to help biologists decide whether to reintroduce wolves to other parts of the country as well．

（1）What is the text mainly about？
A．Wildlife research in the United States．
B．Plant diversity in the Yellowstone area．
C．The conflict between farmers and gray wolves．
D．The reintroduction of wolves to Yellowstone Park．
（2）What does the underlined word "displaced" in paragraph 2 mean？
A．Tested．
B．Separated．
C．Forced out．
D．Tracked down．
（3）What has caused the disappearance of gray wolves？
A．Damage to local ecology．
B．A drop in the park's income．
C．Protection of vegetation．
D．An increase in the diversity of animals．
（4）What is the author's attitude towards the Yellowstone wolf project？
A．Doubtful．
B．Positive．
C．Unfavorable．
D．Uncaring．

共享时间:2018-02-26 难度:1 相似度:2

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205640. （2018•西安中学•高一下期末） Imagine，one day，getting out of bed in Beijing and being at your office in Shanghai in only a couple of hours，and then，after a full day of work，going back home to Beijing and having dinner there．
   Sounds unusual，doesn't it？But it's not that unrealistic，with the development of China's high-speed railway system．And that's not all．China has an even greater high-speed railway plan to connect the country with Southeast Asia，and eventually Eastern Europe．China is negotiating to extend its own high-speed railway network to up to 17 countries in 10 to 15 years，eventually reaching London and Singapore．
   China has proposed three such projects．The first would possibly connect Kunming with Singapore via Vietnam and Malaysia．Another could start in Urumqi and go through Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan，and possibly to Germany．The third would start in the northeast and go north through Russia and then into Western Europe．The new system would still follow China's high-speed railway standard．And the trains would be able to go 346 kilometers an hour，almost as fast as some airplanes．Of course，there are some technical challenges to overcome．There are so many issues that need to be settled，such as safety，rail gauge（轨距），maintenance of railway tracks．But the key issue is really money．China is already spending hundreds of billions of yuan on domestic railway expansion．
   China prefers that the other countries pay in natural resources rather than with capital investment．Resources from those countries could stream into China to sustain development．It'll be a win-win project．For other countries，the railway network will definitely create more opportunities for business，tourism and so on，not to mention the better communication among those countries．
   For China，such a project would not only connect it with the rest of Asia and bring some much-needed resources，but would also help develop China's far west．We foresee that in the coming decades，millions of people will migrate to the western regions，where the land is empty and resources unused．With high-speed trains，people will set up factories and business centers in the west once and for all．And they'll trade with Central Asian and Eastern European countries．

（1）According to the passage，the greatest challenge to the new high-speed railway plan is        ．
A．technical issues
B．safety of the system
C．financial problems
D．maintenance of railway tracks
（2）China's new high-speed railway plan will be a win-win project because        ．
A．China will get much-needed resources and develop its western regions．
B．China and the countries involved will benefit from the project in various ways．
C．China will develop its railway system and communication with other countries．
D．The foreign countries involved will develop their railway transportation，business and tourism．
（3）Which of the following words best describes the author's attitude towards China's high-speed railway plan？
A．Critical．
B．Reserved．
C．Doubtful．
D．Positive．
（4）Which of the following might be the best title for the passage？
A．New Railway Standards
B．Big Railway Dreams
C．High-speed Bullet Trains
D．International Railway Network

共享时间:2018-07-23 难度:1 相似度:2

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205622. （2019•蓝田县•高二下期末） Dolphins are not fish，but warm-blooded animals．They live in groups，and speak to each other in their own language．In this，they are like other animals，such as bees and birds．But dolphins are very different from almost all land animals．Their brain is nearly the same size as our own，and they live a long time-at least twenty or thirty years．Like some animals，dolphins use sound to help them find their way around．They also make these sounds to talk to each other and to help them find food．We now know they do not use their ears to receive these sounds，but the lower part of the mouth，called the jaw．
   Strangely，dolphins seem to like man，and for thousands of years there have been stories about the dolphin and its friendship with people．
   There is a story about sailors in the 19th century．In a dangerous part of the sea off the coast of New Zealand，they learnt to look for a dolphin called Jack．From 1871 to 1903，Jack met every boat in the area and showed it the way．Then in 1903 a passenger on a boat called The Penguin shot and wounded Jack．He recovered and for nine years more continued to guide all ships through the area--except for The Penguin．
   Today，some people continue to kill dolphins，but many countries of the world now protect them and in these places it is against the law to kill them．

（1）Dolphins are different from many other animals in that they        ．
A．live in groups
B．have large brains
C．are warm-blooded
D．have their own language
（2）Which of the following does the dolphin use to help it find its way around？
A．Its nose．
B．Its ears．
C．Its mouth．
D．Its eyes．
（3）Why did the sailors off the coast of New Zealand look for Jack？
A．They wanted his help．
B．They enjoyed playing with him．
C．He was seriously wounded．
D．He was lonely and liked to be with people．
（4）By telling the story of Jack，the writer wanted to show that        ．
A．people are cruel to animals
B．dolphinould be protected by law
C．Jack is different from other dolphins
D．dolphins are friendly and clever

共享时间:2019-07-08 难度:1 相似度:2

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dygzyyyn

2022-05-20

高中英语 | 高二下 | 阅读理解

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