[解析]
(1)段落大意题。根据第二段Not surprisingly,in the absence of widespread agreement about its significance and value,much confusion surrounds design practice.In some subject areas,authors can assume common ground with readers.Other subject areas can be so difficult that ho such mutual understanding exists.(毫不奇怪,在缺乏对其意义和价值的广泛认同的情况下,围绕着设计实践的许多困惑。在某些主题领域,作者可以假定与读者有共同点。其他学科领域可能非常困难,不存在这样的相互理解。)可知,文章第二段主要讲的是困惑的原因。A.The causes of confusion(困惑的原因。)符合文意,故选A。
(2)词句猜测题。根据第三段only a small proportion of which has sustained quality.(只有一小部分具有持久的质量。)可知,划线词"ephemeral"的意思是"短暂存在的",作为一种实践,设计产生了大量的材料,其中大部分是短暂的。A.Meaningful有意义的;B.Enormous巨大的;C.Short﹣lived短暂的;D.Hard﹣wearing耐用的。故选C。
(3)推理判断题。根据第四段Design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human,and an essential determinant of the quality of human life.If things are a necessary part of our existence,why are they often done so badly?There is no simple answer.Cost factors are sometimes advanced,but the margin between doing something well or badly can be exceedingly small,and cost factors can in fact be reduced by appropriate design inputs.(设计是人类生活质量的基本特征之一,也是人类生活质量的基本决定因素。如果事物是我们存在的必要组成部分,为什么它们经常做得如此糟糕?没有一个简单的答案。成本因素有时是先进的,但把事情做得好或做得不好之间的差距可能非常小,而成本因素实际上可以通过适当的设计投入来降低。)可知,很少有产品不能通过适当的设计进行改进。故选D。
(4)写作目的题。根据最后一段The intention is to extend the range of what is understood by the term,and examine the depth of design practice as it affects everyday life in a diversity of cultures.(目的是扩大这个术语的理解范围,并研究设计实践的深度,因为它影响着不同文化的日常生活。)可知,本书旨在坚持有意义的设计实践。故选B。