首页 > 试题列表 > 单题解析

212704. （2024•铁一中学•高二上期中）     Years ago，I bought a blouse.That same day，I considered putting it on，but for no particular reason I decided not to.That weekend，I again considered wearing the blouse，but the occasion didn't seem special enough，so again，I passed it up.Fast forward to today，I have never worn that blouse.
    What happened here？Why do people own so many unused possessions，treating them as though they are too special to use？To find out，I ran an experiment in which participants imagined buying a bottle of wine.We had half of the participants imagine considering opening it one night，but deciding not to.Then when we measured how special the wine seemed and participants' intentions to open it later，we found that those who had imagined holding off on opening it were in fact less likely to intend to open it later.When asked the reason，most assumed they were waiting for a future occasion to open it-a more special occasion.
    Why do people fall into this mental trap？Prior research points to two main reasons.
    First，when options are presented one at a time，rather than all at once，it can be difficult to know when to make a decision.So people often end up"holding out" for an idealized future occasion.Second，regardless of the actual reasons behind their feelings and actions，people often come up with their own explanations after the fact.
    Putting these together is a recipe for what psychologists term""specialness spirals".When you give up using something-for whatever reason-if you believe that you are waiting to use it，the possession will start to feel more special.And as you search for the right occasion day after day，it becomes more tempting to hold out for a future occasion.The less you use it，though，the more special it feels，and the cycle continues.Ultimately，the likelihood of using the possession becomes rarer and rarer.The more this happens，the more stuff you have lying around.
    How can you fight specialness spirals？Try committing in advance to using an item on a specific occasion.When buying a dress，tell yourself you'll wear it this weekend.Or when purchasing a candle，plan to light it that day.This strategy encourages you to actually enjoy your possessions.

（1）What were the participants asked to imagine doing in the experiment？
A.Putting off drinking the wine.
B.Evaluating the quality of the wine.
C.Listing reasons for drinking the wine.
D.Discussing how they would deal with the wine.
（2）What does the underlined word"tempting"in paragraph 5 mean？
A.Particular.
B.Ordinary.
C.Appealing.
D.Uninviting.
（3）What can we learn about specialness spirals？
A.They can mislead people into shopping traps.
B.They can lead to a collection of unused stuff.
C.They result from a pessimistic attitude to the future.
D.They help explain the psychology of delayed rewards.
（4）What is the main purpose of the text？
A.To explain a psychological phenomenon.
B To criticize a wrong consumption concept.
C.To remind people to enjoy their possessions.
D.To encourage people to prepare for a rainy day.

共享时间:2024-11-24 难度:2

纠错

下载

相似

组卷

[考点]

科普知识，说明文，

[答案]

见试题解答内容

[解析]

（1）细节理解题。由文章第二段To find out，I ran an experiment in which participants imagined buying a bottle of wine.We had half of the participants imagine considering opening it one night，but deciding not to.Then when we measured how special the wine seemed and participants' intentions to open it later，we found that those who had imagined holding off on opening it were in fact less likely to intend to open it later.（为了找出答案，我做了一个实验，让参与者想象自己买了一瓶葡萄酒。我们让一半的参与者想象有一天晚上考虑打开它，但最终决定不打开。然后，当我们测量葡萄酒的特殊程度，以及参与者稍后打开它的意愿时，我们发现，那些想象过要推迟打开它的人，实际上不太可能打算稍后打开它。）可知，在实验中，参与者被要求想象购买了一瓶酒并将推迟喝那瓶酒。故选A。
（2）词句猜测题。由文章第五段And as you search for the right occasion day after day，it becomes more tempting to hold out for a future occasion.The less you use it，though，the more special it feels，and the cycle continues.Ultimately，the likelihood of using the possession becomes rarer and rarer.The more this happens，the more stuff you have lying around.（当你日复一日地寻找合适的场合时，为未来的场合坚持下去变得更加。然而，你使用它的次数越少，它的感觉就越特别，循环也在继续。最终，使用该东西的可能性越来越小。这种情况发生得越多，你周围的东西就越多。）可知，最终人们会因为这东西特别而不会使用它，由此推知这里表示"为未来的场合坚持下去决定变得更加有吸引力"，所以猜测tempting表"诱人的；吸引人的"意思，与C项Inviting（吸引人的）意思相近。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。由文章第五段Putting these together is a recipe for what psychologists term "specialness spirals".When you give up using something﹣for whatever reason﹣if you believe that you are waiting to use it，the possession will start to feel more special.And as you search for the right occasion day after day，it becomes more tempting to hold out for a future occasion.The less you use it，though，the more special it feels，and the cycle continues.（把这些放在一起就是心理学家所说的"特殊螺旋"的秘诀。当你放弃使用某物时——无论出于什么原因——如果你相信你正在等待使用它，那么拥有它就会开始感觉更特别。当你日复一日地寻找合适的场合时，为未来的场合坚持下去变得更加诱人。然而，你使用它的次数越少，它的感觉就越特别，循环也在继续。）可知，"特殊螺旋"指的是人们因期待更特殊场合而不断推迟使用某物品的心理现象，这会导致物品越积越多却未被使用。故选B。
（4）写作目的题。通读全文，尤其是由文章第一段Years ago，I bought a blouse.That same day，I considered putting it on，but for no particular reason I decided not to.That weekend，I again considered wearing the blouse，but the occasion didn't seem special enough，so again，I passed it up.Fast forward to today，I have never worn that blouse. （几年前，我买了一件衬衫。同一天，我考虑穿上它，但没有特别的原因，我决定不穿。那个周末，我再次考虑穿这件衬衫，但这个场合似乎不够特别，所以我再次拒绝了。快进到今天，我从来没有穿过那件衬衫。）可知，文章的主要目的是通过作者自身经历引入并解释一种心理现象，并提出对抗这一现象的策略。故选A。

[点评]

本题考查了"科普知识，说明文，"，属于"易错题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

转载声明：

本题解析属于发布者收集录入，如涉及版权请向平台申诉！！版权申诉

相似题 全部同步专题复习模拟真题联考专练月考周考期中期末单元寒假暑假副题

203074. （2017•铁一中学•三模） It has always been thought that alcohol causes people to put on weight because it contains a lot of sugar，but new research suggests a glass a day cold form part of a diet．Looking at past studies they found that，while heavy drinkers do put on weight；those who drink in moderation can actually lose weight．
A spokesman for the research team at Navarro University in Spain says，"Light to moderate alcohol intake，especially of wine，may be more likely to protect against，rather than promote，weight gain．"The International Scientific Forum on Alcohol research reviewed the findings and agreed with most of the conclusions，particularly that data do not clearly indicate if moderate drinking increases weight．
Boston University's Dr．Harvey Finkel found that the biologic mechanisms（生物学机制） relating alcohol to changes in body weight are not properly understood．His team pointed out the strong protective effects of moderate drinking on the risk of getting conditions like diabetes（糖尿病），which relate to increasing obesity．Some studies suggest that even very obese people may be at lower risk of diabetes if they are moderate drinkers．
The group says alcohol provides calories that are quickly absorbed into the body and are not stored in fat，and that this process could explain the differences in its effects from those of other foods．They agree that future research should be directed towards assessing the roles of different types of alcoholic drinks，taking into consideration drinking patterns and including the past tendency of participants to gain weight．
For now there is little evidence that consuming small to moderate amounts of alcohol on a regular basis increases one's risk of becoming obese．What's more，a study three years ago suggested that resveratrol，a compound present in grapes and red wine destroys fat cells．

（1）The passage is mainly for those

A．who produce wine	B．who have a drinking habit
C．who go on a diet	D．who are eager to lose weight

（2）How does the writer clarify his view at the very beginning？

A．By quotation	B．By comparison
C．By question．D．By statement．

（3）What can we learn from the passage ．
A．Current data clearly show that moderate drinking increases weight．
B．Resveratrol is proved to increase the risk of becoming fat．
C．The research found moderate drinking has a strong protective effect．
D．The specific roles of different types of alcoholic drinks are very clear．
（4）What is most likely to be discussed in the paragraph that follows？
A．How to do some easy experiments．
B．How to reduce the calories contained in wine．
C．How to prove the finding mentioned above．
D．How to make wine in a healthy way．

共享时间:2017-04-15 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

201865. （2024•西安一中•三模）     Fossils （化石），the preserved remains of ancient life，serve as windows into the Earth's rich history.The formation of the fossils is a wonderful journey that unfolds over vast stretches of time，catching good views of the diversity of life that once lived on our planet.
    The journey often starts with the death of an organism in a specific environment.Whether it's a plant，animal or microscopic organisms，the key factor lies in whether the remains are quickly buried.This initial step is critical to protect the organism from its enemies and environmental factors that could lead to breakdown.
    As the remains are buried，they experience layers of sediment （沉积层）.Over time，more layers gather，pressing the lower sediments.This process，known as sedimentation，plays a crucial role in preserving the remains by creating a protective environment that protects them from being destroyed.
    Mineralization is also a key period in the fossilization process.It involves the infiltration （过滤） of minerals into the organic tissues of the buried remains.Groundwater，rich in minerals moves through these layers.The minerals replace the original organic material，transforming the remains into rock-like forms.
    Sometimes，fossilization goes beyond mineralization to a process called petrification.Petrified fossils occur when the organic material is entirely replaced by minerals，often resulting in a good copy of the original organism.This transformation can preserve complex details，such as the skeletal features of animals.For softer organisms or parts like leaves or feathers，the fossilization process involves pressure.Under the weight of sediments，these delicate structures flatten but leave behind detailed imprints.
    The final step in the journey comes when geological processes expose the fossilized remains.Archaeologists then unearth these treasures，revealing the secrets of Earth's ancient inhabitants.This scientific exploration contributes to our understanding of evolution，biodiversity，and the ever-changing landscapes that have shaped the history of life on our planet.

（1）What is the role of fossils in the modern times？        ?
A．To help protect our environment.
B．To help explore the function of the Earth.
C．To enhance knowing the long history of the universe.
D．To provide an insight into the diverse life forms.
（2）Which of the following is the first step of fossilization？        ?
A．The quick pressure caused by rocks.
B．The quick transformation of the remains.
C．The rapid burial of the remains.
D．The mix of groundwater and minerals.
（3）How can a good copy of organisms form？        ?
A．By fossils petrified when minerals replace the organic material.
B．By groundwater moving through them.
C．By accumulating more pressure on them.
D．By creating a protective environment.
（4）What's the text mainly about？        ?
A．The importance of fossils.
B．The process of fossilization.
C．The evolution of ancient animals.
D．The preservation of the remains.

共享时间:2024-04-05 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

201789. （2024•西安中学•五模）     Research has found that using wood for construction instead of concrete and steel can reduce emissions.But Tim Searchinger at Princeton University says many of these studies are based on the false foundation that harvesting wood is carbon neutral （碳中和）. "Only a small percentage of the wood gets into a timber （木料） product，and a part of that gets into a timber product that can replace concrete and steel in a building，" he says.Efficiencies vary in different countries，but large amounts of a harvested tree are left to be divided into parts，used in short-lived products like paper or burned for energy，all of which generate emissions.
    In a report for the World Resources Institute，Searchinger and his colleagues have modelled how using more wood for construction would affect emissions between 2010 and 2050，accounting for the emissions from harvesting the wood.They considered various types of forests and parts of wood going towards construction.They also factored in the emissions savings from replacing concrete and steel.
    Under some circumstances，the researchers found significant emissions reductions.But each case required what they considered an unrealistically high portion of the wood going towards construction，as well as rapid growth only seen in warmer places，like Brazil.In general，they found a large increase in global demand for wood would probably lead to rising emissions for decades.Accounting for emissions in this way，the researchers reported in a related paper that increasing forest harvests between 2010 and 2050 would add emissions equal to roughly 10 percent of total annual emissions.
    Ali Amiri at Aalto University in Finland says the report's conclusions about emissions from rising demand are probably correct，but the story is different for wood we already harvest. "Boosting the efficiency of current harvests and using more wood for longer lived purposes than paper would cut emissions，" he says. "We cannot just say we should stop using wood."

（1）What is wrong with previous researches according to Searchinger？
A．They got wrong statistics.
B．They used an incorrect concept.
C．They included too many factors.
D．They were applied in limited countries.
（2）What does paragraph 2 mainly talk about？
A．The process of the new research.
B．The background of the new study.
C．The challenge of the new research.
D．The achievements of the new study.
（3）When will the emissions drop off greatly according to the new study？
A．When wood grows slowly.
B．When wood is used to make paper.
C．When wood is used to build a house.
D．When wood is harvested in countries like Brazil.
（4）What is Ali Amiri's attitude toward the new result？
A．Favorable.
B．Doubtful.
C．Critical.
D．Objective.

共享时间:2024-05-08 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

203805. （2024•周至四中•高一上期末）      What killed King Tut？Historians and scientists have long believed that ancient Egypt's most famous king was probably murdered.But a recent scientific study claims to have found a different answer to this more than 3，300-year-old mystery.A team of researchers now say that King Tut，the boy ruler，died of complications（并发症） from a broken leg.
   Tut's full name was Tutankhamun.He was just 9 years old when he became the ruler of Egypt.His treasure-filled tomb was discovered almost a century ago.It was filled with royal riches，including a solid-gold coffin，a gold mask，and piles of jewelry.
   Unfortunately Tut died at the age of 19.Many experts have thought that Tut was killed by one of his advisers，named Ay，who wanted to be king.But due to a major modern science project，the idea is wrong.
   Researchers set out to solve the mystery of King Tut's death by using the tools of science，including DNA tests and electronic scans of his mummy（木乃伊）.Scientist Carsten Pusch conducted the tests on Tut for the new study.He thinks a broken leg contributed to the young king's death.
   More than 100 walking sticks were found in King Tut's tomb.This supports the team's findings.But how could a person die from a simple broken leg？
   Pusch also found DNA evidence in Tut's body that indicates he had malaria（疟疾），a disease carried by mosquitoes.Malaria severely weakens the immune system.
   Pusch and his fellow researchers believe the malaria and the bone disease together caused the king's fracture（骨折） to become deadly.Finally，the young king was just too weak to recover.

（1）It has long been believed by historians and scientists that        .
A.King Tut was the youngest ruler in the world history
B.King Tut was the richest ruler in the history of Egypt
C.King Tut was murdered by one of his advisers
D.King Tut was poisoned by one of his servants
（2）From the passage we can learn that        .
A.the king had been dead for 3，300 years
B.the king was buried grandly
C.the king was born with a bad immune system
D.the king's body was well kept in the tomb
（3）Researchers uncovered the mystery of King Tut's death by        .
A.testing the king's immune system
B.studying the walking sticks found in the tomb
C.performing experiments on mosquitoes
D.applying DNA tests and electronic scan technology
（4）The passage mainly tells us about        .
A.a different answer to King Tut's death
B.a famous boy king in ancient Egypt
C.a treasure-filled tomb discovered in Egypt
D.a team of researchers studying ancient tombs

共享时间:2024-02-09 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

203572. （2025•临潼区•高一上期末）     Your ears are already dark，wet and full of oils and dead skin—a delicious meal for many bacteria （细菌）.It seems that wearing headphones could only make that environment more inviting to these bacteria.
    Actually，a 2008 study at Manipal University in India found that frequent （频繁的） use of headphones did increase the population of bacteria in the ear—mostly the staphylococcus，a common skin bacterium.And in 1992，a study at the Navy Medical Research Institute in Bethesda，Maryland in the US，found that the kind of over-the-ear headphones used by airlines had 11 times more bacteria after having been worn for just one hour.
    As unpleasant as this sounds，there is no need to worry about it.The headphones in the second study were clean before use，so began with a very low bacterial population and that increase resulted in a fairly low number in absolute terms.
    Also，this increase was not fast enough to increase the reproduction of bacteria.The study's authors said that most of the bacteria must already have been present in the deeper skins.The dark warm conditions while wearing headphones just encouraged some of them to come out and play.Furthermore，there are no signs that these bacteria can cause any harm.A 2002 study of call centre workers in Malaysia found no connections between headphone use and the illness in the ear.
    The bacteria that increase in your ear while you listen to music are the ones that live there normally，and your ear is able to deal with them.However，several studies have suggested that repeatedly putting on and taking off headphones may increase the risk of skin abrasions （擦伤） that allow harmful bacteria to get in and cause illnesses.

（1）What does the underlined word "inviting" in the first paragraph mean？
A.Equal.
B.Attractive.
C.Deadly.
D.Confusing.
（2）Why does the author mention the 2002 study？
A.To support a view.
B.To show a lifestyle.
C.To raise a question.
D.To present a product.
（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph？
A.Researchers haven't finished the studies.
B.Listening to music makes us less focused.
C.We can kill harmful bacteria completely.
D.Improper use of headphones harms health.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A.Proper Ways to Get Free from Bacteria
B.Doctors Can Treat an Illness in the Ear
C.Concerns about Bacteria on Headphones
D.Causes of the Rising Number of Bacteria

共享时间:2025-02-15 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202596. （2021•高陵一中•二模） Honeybees can't swim，and when their wings are wet，they can't fly，either.But Chris Roh and other researchers at the California Institute of Technology found that when bees drop into bodies of water，they can use their wings to produce little waves and slide toward land—like surfers（冲浪者） who create and then ride their own waves.
As with many scientific advances - Isaac Newton's apple or Benjamin Franklin's lightning bolt — Dr.Roh's experiment began with a walk.Passing Caltech's Millikan Pond in 2016，he observed a bee on the water's surface producing waves.He wondered how an insect known for flight could push itself

through water.
Dr.Roh and his co-worker，Morteza Gharib，used butterfly nets to collect local Pasadena honeybees and observed their surf-like movements.The researchers used a wire to restrict each bee's bodily movement，allowing close examination of their wings.They found that the bee bends its wings at a 30-degree angle，pulling up water and producing a forward force.Bees get trapped on the surface because water is roughly three times heavier than air.But that weight helps to push the bee forward when its wings move quickly up and down.It's a tough exercise for the bees，which the researchers guess could handle about 10 minutes of the activity.
The researchers said the surf-like movement hasn't been documented in other insects and most semiaquatic（半水生的） insects use their legs for propulsion，which is known as water-walking.It may have evolved in bees，they predicted.
Dr.Roh and Dr.Gharib have imagined many practical applications for bees' surfing.One plan is to use their observations to design robots able to travel across sky and sea."This could be useful for search and rescues，or for getting samples of the surface of the ocean，if you can't send a boat or helicopter，"Dr.Gharib said.
（1）What does the author intend to show by mentioning Newton and Franklin？
A．Roh's admiration for them.
B．Roh's chance discovery about bees.
C．Their outstanding talent for science.
D．Their similar achievements in discovery.
（2）What plays the most vital role in a bee's moving forward on water？
A．The air weight.
B．Its leg extension.
C．The water movement.
D．Its continuous wingbeat.
（3）What does the underlined word "propulsion" in Paragraph 4 mean？
A．Fast flight.
B．Driving force.
C．Pulling speed.
D．Explosive power.
（4）According to the last Paragraph，which of the following isn't the practical applications for bees' surfing？
A．Designing robots with the ability to travel across both sky and sea.
B．Rescuing ships or saving sailors trapped in the ocean.
C．Acquiring knowledge of moving samples of the surface of the ocean.
D．Making helicopters in the shape of bees.
（5）What does the text mainly tell us？
A．Honeybees can surf to safety.
B．Bees help scientists make inventions.
C．Insects can adapt to the environment.
D．Nature is a helpful guide for discovery.

共享时间:2021-03-28 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

212894. （2024•周至四中•高一下期中）     Humans aren't the only animals that move to music.Parrots have been known to do it.And now rats have been observed bopping their heads in time with the tunes of Mozart，Lady Gaga，Michael Jackson and others，according to a new study from the University of Tokyo.What's more，the rats seems to respond to the same beats that get humans' feet tapping （轻跺）.
    The researchers played a sonata by Mozart for lab rats at different variations （变更） of the original speed：75%，100%，200% and 400%.Wireless sensors on the rats' bodies tracked their movements.Meanwhile，20 human participants were involved and listened to the same music through motion sensor-equipped headphones.
    It was observed that the rats' head movements were the most obvious when the music played at its normal speed，which was around 132 bpm （beats per minute）.The same was true for human participants.The researchers then changed to some pop songs such as Lady Gaga's "Born This Way" and Michael Jackson's "Beat It".As with Mozart's，rats moved their heads along the rhythm of pop songs，similar to how people do，at about 120 to 140 bpm.
    The study showed that both rats and humans moved their heads along to the beat in a similar rhythm.The level of head bopping from both humans and rats decreased as the music sped up.The study suggests that there is something similar about the way human and rat brains respond to rhythm，but rats do not match their motions to the beat like humans do.Humans can predict the timing of a beat and move predictably to it.
    Aniruddh Patel，a psychologist who studies brain response to music，says humans and parrots respond to beats with big，voluntary movements such as head shaking，dancing or foot tapping.Patel also stresses that this study does not show that rats have the same emotional associations with music as humans do.Yet he believes it could help reveal how humans and some other animals evolved a sense of rhythm.

（1）What does the underlined word "bopping" in the first paragraph mean？
A.Moving.
B.Responding to.
C.Nodding.
D.Reacting.
（2）How do rats differ from humans in response to music？
A.They seem more interested in pop music.
B.They make similar movements to different rhythms.
C .They prefer moving their heads with the beat.
D.They are unable to predict the beat of music.
（3）What is Patel's attitude towards the study？
A.Uncaring.
B.Doubtful.
C.Positive.
D.Disapproving.
（4）What is the text mainly about？
A.Music affects rats' brains.
B.Humans are the only animals that move to music.
C.Music is attractive to rats.
D.Rats may respond to music like human do.

共享时间:2024-05-18 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

203543. （2025•铁一中学•高二上期末）      Last winter I enjoyed a brief adventure in Guatemala.Over a period of 12 days，I explored through the jungle to watch the sunrise and danced in the street during the holiday parade.But looking back on that trip，what I remember most vividly is a New Year's Eve in Guatemala City，at a lifeless hotel.Rather than a countdown to midnight，I counted down the hours until my departure.
    Nothing special happened during that night.Rather，the big role this hotel plays in my memories can be explained by a psychological principle called the recency effect."The recency effect helps to account for our tendency to remember the ending part of a sequence of events with far more clarity than the rest，"said Dr.Mary Poffenroth，a biopsychologist.
    She says it arises from our short-term memory's inability to hold on to more than a small amount of information at once.So while there is no magic formula to create lovely travel memories，employing the recency effect can turn a good trip into an unforgettable one.
    Dr.Stephanie，a Neuroscientist，says that while you can strategically set off the recency effect at a trip's end，you may have multiple opportunities to create lasting memories all along the way by breaking it up into smaller chunks.
    Keep in mind that the recency effect can also backfire."Ending an amazing trip with stressful flight delays，lost luggage or feeling unwell might be enough to overshadow the entire experience，resulting in remembering the trip as awful instead of joyful，"Stephanie said.
    To avoid disproportionately（不成比例地） spotlighting the final days，Poffenroth has created a trip.She amplifies（增强） earlier days in a trip to keep her memories well-rounded."I collect little bits that will remind me of that day：a subway ticket，a seashell，a cardboard drink with a pub's logo on it."Then，ae is packing on the last day， "I go through all my little found treasures and spend a few moments recalling each one，"she said."This gives me a sense of closure for that chapter of travel and makes the experience memorable."

（1）How did the author feel about the New Year's Eve in Guatemala City？
A.It was boring.
B.It was eventful.
C.It was relaxing.
D.It was cheerful.
（2）What do we know about the recency effect from paragraph 2？
A.It is based on a psychological principle.
B.It is widely used to create lovely memories.
C.It highlights the final part of a series of events.
D.It makes up for the inability of short-term memory.
（3）What does the underlined word"backfire"mean in paragraph 4？
A.Be avoided to some extent.
B.Be applied extensively.
C.Produce undesirable consequences.
D.Pose unexpected challenges.
（4）According to Poffenroth，which of the following may help travelers have good memories？
A.Share travel experiences.
B.Recall the final days of a journey.
C.Purchase as many souvenirs as possible.
D.Purposely gather reminders of a journey.

共享时间:2025-03-01 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

203957. （2024•鄠邑二中•高二下期末）     A recent study in the journal Current Biology found that people danced 12% more when very low frequency bass （低音） was played.Scientists wanted to see what factors of music make us want to dance. "We look at things like what kinds of rhythms make us really drawn in and want to move more，" said Daniel Cameron，a neuroscientist and the lead author of the study.
    Volunteers were led into a lab that was changed into an electronic dance music concert，with live music performed for them，who were equipped with headband s that had a motion capture sensor.The lab had special speakers that could play a very low frequency bass，undetectable to the human ear.The set lasted about an hour.Researchers introduced the very low bass every 2.5 minutes and found that the concertgoers moved more when the speakers were on —even though they couldn't hear it.
    Cameron thinks that our vestibular （前庭的） system can help explain the reason. "It's the inner-ear structures that give us a sense of where our head is in space，" he says. "That system is sensitive to low-frequency stimulation，especially if it's loud."
    Some people hear music and can't help but move，whether there are low，silent bass frequencies or not.So why do humans dance？ "It's hard to test this，but there has been some work on why we may have evolved this way.We know that moving together in synchrony （同步） when we're making music together and dancing together leads to social bonding.We feel better about the people we're with.We feel more connected with them，" Cameron says. "So you can imagine this has potential advantages for groups throughout the long history of our species."
    Evolution aside，Cameron finds value in knowing his study has uncovered just one of the ingredients for what makes us want to dance a little bit more.

（1）What does Cameron's research focus on？
A.The popularity of dancing among people.
B.The evolutionary reasons why humans dance.
C.The musical elements that encourage dancing.
D.The little effect of low frequency bass on dancers.
（2）What can we learn about the research setup described in paragraph 2？
A.Low frequency bass was played regularly.
B.Participants tracked their own movements.
C.The dance music was performed in a live concert.
D.The human speakers performed for an entire hour.
（3）Why might humans have evolved to dance according to Cameron？
A.To inspire imagination.
B.To promote communication.
C.To create work opportunities.
D.To stimulate the body's potential.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？
A.The Science of Dance
B.The Benefit Behind Dancing
C.The Role of Rhythms in Music
D.The Evolution of the Musical System

共享时间:2024-07-20 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

204537. （2023•西安市蓝田县城关中学•高二下期末）     The discovery of the Komodo Dragons is one of the most important zoological （动物学的） surprises of the 20th century.Before 1912 it was completely unknown and it was believed that there were no more large lizards （蜥蜴） in the world.Then，in that year，a party of fishermen stopped at an almost completely-unknown small island in a group of islands.The fishermen brought back stories of a huge，prehistoric animal living there.The island's name was Komodo.The largest of these lizards was over ten feet from nose to tail.Komodo dragons have also been discovered on several neighboring islands.
    Are the dragons dangerous to humans？Yes.A Swiss tourist who sat down to have a rest while the other people of his tour group went ahead was attacked and eaten by a dragon.All that was left was a piece of his camera.A number of other people have been killed by dragon attacks over the years.The dragons can eat up to 80 percent of their own weight in a single meal.Their attack way is to wait behind trees，then rush forward and give a single large bite to the person or other animal.Most Komodo dragons prefer wild boar （野猪） or deer as their meals，but they will try to attack and get almost every other animal they can find，including other dragons.The largest dragons weigh around 150 kilos.Though the Komodo dragons can see well，they do most of their hunting based on smell.A dragon can recognize a certain smell from several miles when the wind is right.They will hunt when they have to，and these large lizards are more than happy to get an already dead animal when they come across one.

（1）How was the Komodo dragon discovered？
A．Scientists had been looking for it and found it.
B．It was found by chance by some fishermen.
C．Some fishermen looked for it on an island.
D．It was discovered by some tourists.
（2）Komodo dragons have been found         .
A．only on Komodo
B．on several islands near Komodo Island
C．on many islands in the world
D．on all the islands near Komodo Island
（3）These large lizards are dangerous to people，because         .
A．when people attack them，they will fight back
B．humans are their favourite food
C．they will attack and eat humans if they find them
D．they are much bigger than people
（4）A Komodo dragon will eat all the following EXCEPT         .
A．deer
B．humans
C．trees
D．komodo dragons

共享时间:2023-07-12 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

205725. （2018•西安中学•高二上期末） Imagine this：you are all by yourself in the wild．To make things worse，everyone is fighting against you．Can you survive？
This is what 16-year-old Katniss Everdeen faces in the book The Hunger Games by American author Suzanne Collins．The novel has been on the USA Today's Best-Selling Books list for two years since it was first released （出版） in 2008．
The novel takes place in an imagined time．The US no longer exists．North America has become Panem，and its biggest city is called the Capitol．The rest of Panem is divided into 12 districts．
Long ago，the districts started a war against the Capitol and lost．They gave up and had to send one boy and one girl between the ages of 12 and 18 to appear in a yearly TV show called The Hunger Games．
The teenagers have to fight each other in a desolate （荒凉的） environment．The rules and audience may change，but one rule always stays the same：kill or be killed．
Katniss lives with her mother and younger sister in District 12，the poorest district of Panem．She tries to support her family by secretly hunting beyond the border of her district．When Katniss' sister is chosen to appear in the show，Katniss steps up to take her sister's place．However，her friendship with the other District 12 contestant （选手），a baker's son named Peeta Mellark，makes her situation even more complicated．In order to survive，she must choose which is more important：her own survival or humanity；life or love．
The twists and turns of her adventure make it hard to put the book down．You can feel Katniss' pain，confusion and love．This is how a novel should be：you don't just read it - you live in it．

（1）The purpose of writing this article is mainly to        ．
A．give us an example of how to survive in the wild
B．introduce to us a USA Today's best-seller
C．teach us how to win The Hunger Games
D．tell us what might happen in the future North America
（2）Which is TRUE according to the text？
A．The Hunger Games is a televised competition held every two years．
B．Katniss takes her sister's place to compete because she loves adventures．
C．The new country Panem is divided into 12 parts altogether．
D．The young competitors in The Hunger Games are forced to kill or be killed．
（3）The underlined word "complicated" in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to        ．
A．difficult
B．hopeless
C．advantageous
D．impossible
（4）In The Hunger Games，Katniss faces more challenges because she has to think about        ．
A．who can support her family instead of her
B．what is the most important in life
C．how she can defeat her opponent
D．why she has to compete in such a violent game

共享时间:2018-02-19 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202426. （2021•西安中学•七模） Scientists at University College London have discovered sets of regulatory genes，which are responsible for maintaining healthy hearing.The finding，made in fruit flies，could lead to treatments for age-related hearing loss （ARHL） in humans.
   Globally，one-third of people aged over 65 experience hearing impairment，and while there are thought to be more than 150 genes that may affect hearing loss，there is no unified view on how to use these to develop hearing loss treatments.
   In the study，published in Scientific Reports，researchers at the UCL Ear Institute assessed the hearing ability of the common fruit fly across its life span（around 70 days） to see if their hearing declines with age.
   A fruit fly's earare many molecular similarities with the ears of humans，making it an ideal tool for the study of human hearing loss.
   Researchers found that the antennal ears of fruit flies also display ARHL with nearly all sensitive hearing measures starting to decline after 50 days of age.This made the researchers want to know if there were any "age-variable" genes in the flies' inner ears which have kept the ears healthy for 50 days of their lives.
   After closer examination，researchers identified a new set of regulatory genes - homeostasis genes.These genes are often responsible for picking up sound and the overall sensitivity of the ear.Using this information，scientists were then able to genetically modify the genes and prevent the flies from getting ARHL.
   Professor Joerg Albert，lead author of the study，said： "While many studies have been conducted into the hearing function of fruit flies，ours is the first to look at the mechanistic and molecular detail of their auditory life course."
   "The fact that these genes are conserved in humans will also help to focus future clinical research in humans and thereby accelerate the discovery of new pharmacological or gene-therapeutic strategies."

（1）What did scientists at UCL discover？
A．Homeostasis genes maintain one's ability to hear.
B．One-third of people aged over 65 have hearing problems.
C．There are regulatory genes that are related to aging.
D．Humans have over 150 genes that can affect hearing loss.
（2）Why were fruit flies used in the research？
A．They share many genes with humans.
B．They display ARHL during their lifespan.
C．Their hearing ability also declines with age.
D．Their hearing system is similar to that of humans'.
（3）What is the main purpose of the last two paragraphs？
A．The discovery of new treatments.
B．The significance of the study.
C．The result of the study.
D．The future commercial prospects.
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the text？
A．Age-related hearing loss：fruit flies and humans
B．Hearing loss：a common problem for older adults
C．Gene discovery could lead to hearing loss treatments
D．The body's ability can be unlocked to treat lost hearing

共享时间:2021-06-02 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

204204. （2023•长安区一中•高一上期末）     Do you know how it is when you see someone yawn and you start yawning too？Or how hard it is to be among people laughing and not laugh yourself？Well，apparently it's because we have mirror neurons （神经元） in our brains.
    Put simply，the existence of mirror neurons suggests that every time we see someone else do something，our brains imitate it，whether or not we actually perform the same action.This explains a great deal about how we learn to smile，talk，walk，dance or play sports.But the idea goes further：mirror neurons not only appear to explain physical actions，they also tell us that there is a biological basis for the way we understand other people.
    Mirror neurons can undoubtedly be found all over our brains，but especially in the area which relate to our ability to use languages，and to understand how other people feel.Researchers have found that mirror neurons relate strongly to language.A group of researchers discovered that if they gave people sentences to listen to （for example： "The hand took hold of the ball"），the same mirror neurons were triggered when the action was actually performed （in this example，actually taking hold of a ball）.
    Any problems with mirror neurons may well result in problems with behavior.Much research suggests that people with social and behavioral problems have mirror neurons which are not fully functioning.However，it is not yet known exactly how these discoveries might help find treatments for social disorders.
    Research into mirror neurons seems to provide us with ever more information concerning how humans behave and interact.Indeed，it may turn out to be the equivalent for neuroscience of what Einstein's theory of relativity was for physics.And the next time you feel the urge to cough in the cinema when someone else does-well，perhaps you'll understand why.

（1）What is the passage mainly about？
A．Existence of mirror neurons.
B．Functions of mirror neurons.
C．Ways to find mirror neurons.
D．Problems of mirror neurons.
（2）Mirror neurons can explain        .
A．why we cry when we are hurt.
B．why we yawn when we feel sleepy.
C．why we cough when we suffer from a cold.
D．why we smile when we see someone else smile.
（3）The underlined word "triggered" in the third paragraph probably means "        ".
A．cut off.
B．set off.
C．built up.
D．broken up.
（4）We can learn from the passage that mirror neurons        .
A．relate to human behavior and interaction.
B．result in bad behavior and social disorders.
C．control human physical actions and feelings.
D．determine our knowledge and language abilities.

共享时间:2023-02-08 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

202539. （2021•西安中学•八模） A new study，published in The Journal of Experimental Psychology，found that communication interactions that included voice，like a phone call or video chat，created stronger social bonds than communication through typing，like text messaging or email.
   In the study，researchers used various experiments to gauge（测量） connectedness.In one，they asked 200 people to make predictions about what it would be like to reconnect with an old friend by email or by phone and then assigned people at random to do one or the other.Although people anticipated（预料） that a phone call would be more awkward，hearing someone's voice actually made the experience better.However，people who participated in the experiment reported that they did form a significantly stronger bond with their old friend on the phone versus email，and they did not feel more awkward.
   In another experiment，the researchers had strangers connected by either texting，talking over video chat，or talking using only audio.They found that both forms of voice communication - whether video or audio only - made the strangers feel significantly more connected than when they communicated via text.
   Sabrina Romanoff，a Harvard trained clinical psychologist based in New York City，says people tend to text or email instead of calling because of convenience，as they see it as a controlled form of communication where they can "correspond information exactly in the way they intend without unexpected additions by the other person."
   Romanoff says that in reality，texting can make it hard to determine the true meaning behind a conversation.A phone call is actually more convenient when considering the net effects of the message.Each party is more present，and therefore，able to gauge the meaning behind the content without ruminating （认真思考） on the endless possible meanings behind words and punctuation.

（1）What is the purpose of the study？
A．To encourage people to let their fingers do the talking.
B．To introduce the effects of verbal and non-verbal communications.
C．To demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of making phone calls.
D．To compare connectedness of communication through voice and typing.
（2）Which way will make you feel more connected if you miss a friend far away？
A．Typing a letter.
B．Sending an email.
C．Having a video chat.
D．Texting a message.
（3）What does "a controlled form of communication" refer to in Paragraph 4？
A．A way to talk about controlled topics.
B．A way to communicate without time limit.
C．A way to explain something without delay.
D．A way to express thoughts without being disturbed.
（4）What advantage does making phone calls over texting？
A．Being more formal.
B．Being less awkward.
C．Being more straightforward.
D．Being less expensive.

共享时间:2021-06-18 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

204183. （2023•长安区一中•高一下期末） Today's grandparents are joining their grandchildren on social media，but the different generations' online habits couldn't be more different.In the UK the over-55 s are joining Facebook in increasing numbers，meaning that they will soon be the site's second biggest user group，with 3.5 million users aged 55-64 and 2.9 million over-65s.
   Sheila，aged 59，says， "I joined to see what my grandchildren are doing，as my daughter posts videos and photos of them.It's a much better way to see what they're doing than waiting for letters and photos in the post.That's how we did it when I was a child，but I think I'm lucky I get to see so much more of their lives than my grandparents did."
   Interestingly，Sheila's grandchildren are less likely to use Facebook themselves.Children under 17 in the UK are leaving the site - only 2.2 million users are under 17 -but they're not going far from their smartphones.Chloe，aged 15，even sleeps with her phone. "It's my alarm clock so I have to，' she says. "I look at it before I go to sleep and as soon as I wake up."
   Unlike her grandmother's generation，Chloe's age group is spending so much time on their phones at home that they are missing out on spending time with their friends in real life.Sheila，on the other hand，has made contact with old friends from school she hasn't heard from in forty years. "We use Facebook to arrange to meet all over the country，" she says. "It's changed my social life completely."
   Parents have an important role to play if they want their kids to spend more time in real life.Peter，38，who spends most of his time in front of a screen，is recently determined to set a better example to his kids.In the evening or at weekends，he would leave his smartphone home and take his kids out to nature.

（1）What can we learn from Paragraph 1？
A．Older people have difficulty using social media.
B．Children spend more time with their grandparents.
C．More and more elderlies begin to use social media.
D．Social media have become more friendly to the elderly.
（2）How does Sheila feel about social media？
A．Worried.
B．Satisfied.
C．Excited.
D．Disappointed.
（3）What can be concluded from the passage？
A．People tend to have less social life as they get older.
B．Young people are getting away from their smartphone.
C．More young people choose to meet their friends in person.
D．Social media actually help old people to meet their friends.
（4）What's the best title for this passage？
A．Different Online Habits Across Generations.
B．The Good Old Days Without Smartphones.
C．The Next Generation of Social Media.
D．The Use of Smartphones at School.

共享时间:2023-07-14 难度:2 相似度:2

解析

纠错

下载

组卷

dygzyyyn

2024-11-24

高中英语 | 高二上 | 阅读理解

下载量
浏览量
收益额

相关试卷 更多>>

2024-2025学年陕西省西安市碑林区铁一中学高二（上）期中英语试卷

更新:2024-11-24 01:38浏览量:9

微信扫码立即登录

AI助手

普通登录

手机登录

微信扫码立即登录

AI助手