语言学的后天

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201598. （2025•长安区•二模）     Almost all humans acquire at least one language before the age of five.How do young children understand and produce complex sentences with complicated meanings？Do adults learn language differently from children？Most linguistic（语言学的） researchers agree that both nature and nurture（后天） are involved in language acquisition They disagree，however，about how much linguistic knowledge children have from birth-and thus whether genetics or experience is more important in language acquisition.
    For many linguists，biological factors are the most important in language learning.Some argue that some linguistic knowledge must exist in our brains from birth because children cannot possibly experience every feature of their language before the age of five.These linguists point out that nearly all children can produce the same kinds of complex sentence structures by the age of five，even without having heard them before.
    Many researchers have theorized what this innate（先天的） linguistic knowledge must look like.One popular theory（理论） is universal grammar.This theory believes that all languages have the same basic structural foundation.That foundation is the innate knowledge universal to all humans.While children are not genetically tending to speak a particular language，a universal grammar gives them certain linguistic information as a starting point，which allows them to readily acquire the rules and patterns of whichever language they are exposed to.
    Not all linguists，however，believe that an inborn ability for language is the most important factor in language acquisition.These researchers place greater emphasis on the influence of usage and experience.They argue that children are exposed to a wealth of linguistic structures over the course of five years.They gather data and determine language patterns and structures from what they have observed.
    Linguists on both sides of the debate are still working to explain the different language learning abilities of adults and children.Early childhood seems to be an important period for mastering certain aspects of language.Children also tend to have a heightened ability to learn second languages.While adults may have some advantages when studying in a formal classroom they usually do not learn as quickly and easily as children.Are these different abilities a result of differences in how adults and children are exposed to a new language？Are they the result of biological changes，or do both biology and experience come into play？
    While our understanding of language acquisition is incomplete，this pursuit is well worth the effort"We still don't understand how a child learns its first language，why some children have language disorders，or how children and adults learn a second language，"explains Professor Joan Ma ling.
    Explaining the process of language acquisition promises not only to help scientists answer these questions，but also to explain fundamental features of learning and the human brain.

（1）What does the passage mainly talk about？
A.The control of nurture over nature in language acquisition.
B.The influence of universal grammar in language acquisition.
C.The best methods for children and adults to acquire language.
D.The role of biological and environmental factors in language acquisition.
（2）What is covered in the second paragraph of this article？
A.Studying language acquisition will help understand language and the brain better.
B.Some experts believe innate factors explain children's language development.
C.Some experts focus on the role of environmental factors in language acquisition.
D.Acquiring a language is complicated，and it involves both nature and nurture.
（3）What can we know about what the author wants from the 2 and 3 paragraph？
A.Present a general argument and then explain a specific theory.
B.Present a specific theory and then propose a new study to prove it.
C.Present a general argument and then disprove an opposite argument.
D.Present a scientific debate and then discuss what all linguists agree on.
（4）What is the author's purpose of writing Paragraph 5 and Paragraph 6？
A.To raise open questions that all linguists have.
B.To present two different viewpoints on language learning.
C.To stress the importance of experience in language learning.
D.To introduce adult language acquisition and show why it's unpopular.

共享时间:2025-03-22 难度:2

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学习，议论文，

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DBAB

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（1）主旨大意题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段Most linguistic researchers agree that both nature and nurture are involved in language acquisition.（大多数语言研究者认为先天和后天因素都参与语言习得。）以及后续段落分别讨论生物因素（nature）和环境因素（nurture）的作用可知，文章主要探讨生物因素和环境因素在语言习得中的角色。故选D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段For many linguists，biological factors are the most important in language learning.Some argue that some linguistic knowledge must exist in our brains from birth because children cannot possibly experience every feature of their language before the age of five.（对于许多语言学家来说，生物因素在语言学习中是最重要的。一些人认为，某些语言知识一定从出生起就存在于我们的大脑中，因为儿童在五岁之前不可能体验到他们语言的每一个特征。）可知，一些专家认为，先天因素可以解释儿童的语言发展。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第二段For many linguists，biological factors are the most important in language learning.（对于许多语言学家来说，生物因素在语言学习中是最重要的。）和第三段中Many researchers have theorized what this innate （先天的） linguistic knowledge must look like.One popular theory （理论） is universal grammar.（许多研究人员已经对这种先天的语言知识进行了理论化。一个流行的理论是普遍语法。）可知，第二段首先提出一个普遍观点（生物因素在语言习得中起主要作用），第三段则具体介绍了一种理论（普遍语法理论）来解释这一观点，因此作者的行文逻辑是"提出总体论点，再阐述具体理论"。故选A。
（4）写作目的题。根据文章第五段和第六段，特别是第五段中Linguists on both sides of the debate are still working to explain the different language learning abilities of adults and children.（争论双方的语言学家仍在努力解释成人和儿童不同的语言学习能力。）可推断，作者写第五段和第六段的目的是提出两种不同的语言学习观点。故选B。

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204517. （2023•西安市蓝田县城关中学•高一下期末）     When I was young，a friend and I came up with a "big" plan to make reading easy.The idea was to boil down great books to a sentence each. "Moby-Dick" by American writer Herman Melville，for instance，was reduced to： "A whale of a tale about the one that got away." As it turned out， the joke was on us.How could a single sentence convey the essence （精髓） of a masterpiece with over five hundred pages？
    Blinkist，a website and an app，now summarizes nonfiction titles in the form of quick takes labeled "bliks." The end result is more than one sentence，but not by much.Sarah Bakewell's "At the Existentialist Cafe" is broken into 11 screens of information；Michelle Obama's "Becoming" fills 13.
    Blinkist has been around since 2012.It calls its summaries "15-minute discoveries" to indicate how long it takes to read a Blinkist summary. "Almost none of us，" the editors assure us， "have the time to read everything we'd like to read." Well，yes，of course. "So many books，so little time." declares a poster I once bought at a book market.But I judge the quality of someone's library by the books he or she has yet to read.
    That's because a book is something we ought to live with，rather than speed through and categorize.It offers an experience as real as any other.The point of reading a book is not accumulating information，or at least not that alone.The most essential aspect is the communication between writer and reader：The idea behind Blinkist，however，is the opposite：
    Reading can be，should be，measured by the efficient uptake （吸收） of key ideas.No，no，no.What's best about reading books is its inefficiency.
    When reading a book，we need to dive in，let it take over us，demand something of us，teach us what it can.Blinkist is instead a service that changes books for people who don't，in fact，want to read.A 15-minute summary misses the point of reading；speed-reading with the app isn't reading at all.

（1）What does the underlined part "the joke was on us" in Paragraph 1 mean？
A．We were actually joking.
B．We were laughed at by others.
C．We were underestimating ourselves.
D．We were just embarrassing ourselves.
（2）What is Paragraph 2 mainly about？
A．What Blinkist is.
B．Why Binkist is popular.
C．How to use Blinkist.
D．Where you can use Blinkist.
（3）What is mentioned as a problem about reading in paragraph 3？
A．There are few new books of quality.
B．Many books are hard to understand.
C．People do not have enough time to read.
D．People do not like reading as much as before.
（4）What is an ideal pattern of reading according to the author？
A．Obtaining key ideas efficiently.
B．Further confirming our beliefs.
C．Accumulating information quickly.
D．Deeply involving ourselves in books.

共享时间:2023-07-02 难度:2 相似度:2

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201549. （2025•西安中学•一模）     Elon Musk has offered a prize of ＄100 m for the best carbon capture proposal.I can save his committee a lot of time.The money should go to Peter Wohlleben，whose book The Hidden Life of Trees was the most encouraging blockbuster of 2015.Wohlleben's idea is this：do nothing about trees.Stop fiddling with them，thinking that we can deal with climate change better than nature.If we fiddle，our Romes will burn.
    The Hidden Life of Trees argued that trees are social.It shows that they can be our saviors.But it's terribly hard to let ourselves be saved.We think we can be the authors of our salvation（拯救）.Of course，there are things we could and should be doing，but in terms of forestry practice，often what's billed as part of the solution is part of the problem.
    Anyone who has planted a tree in their garden knows that it has a far-reaching effect—it makes your garden cooler in summer and warmer in winter.Forests cool by transpiring（蒸发）.If there's no water，there's no cooling.Drought can kill trees fast，but trees have many ways of dealing with it，and Wohlleben sets them out.As a species，we have survived many climatic changes by changing our behavior—and that's how trees survive，too.Trees learn from their past harms and produce younger ones programmed with those lessons.They regulate their growth by changing the rate at which they drip（点滴）-feed them with sugar solution through root networks.
    Deciduous（落叶的） forests in particular remove greenhouse gases effectively as long as they live.Cut them down and burn them and you're releasing carbon dioxide not just from the wood，but also from the forest floor.Deciduous trees are not"harvest-ready"at200 years：they are teenagers.We must interrogate comforting expressions such as"renewable energy"，and learn the real cost of our toilet paper.
    If we don't learn to do nothing about trees，they will eventually be alone anyway—but without us.Wohlleben brilliantly and readably shows us how urgent and how hard it is to do nothing.

（1）What does Wohlleben suggest for carbon capture？
A.Fight climate change.
B.Leave trees alone.
C.Save the earth.
D.Change forestry species.
（2）How do trees survive the drought？
A.They slow their growth.
B.They lose all their leaves.
C.They stop absorbing water.
D.They get help from humans.
（3）What can we infer from the text？
A.We can cope with climate change successfully.
B.Trees can adjust their growth by themselves.
C.It is hard to stop releasing carbon dioxide.
D.It is urgent to regulate the growth of trees.
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？
A.To illustrate the carbon capture system.
B.To give an account of the survival of trees.
C.To clarify a proposal for a reward.
D.To recommend a book.

共享时间:2025-03-03 难度:2 相似度:1

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204080. （2023•西安中学•高一上期末） If English means endless new words，difficult grammar and sometimes strange pronunciation，you are wrong.Haven't you noticed that you have become smarter since you started to learn a language？
   According to a new study by a British university，learning a second language can lead to an increase in your brain power.Researchers found that learning other languages changes grey matter.This is the area of the brain which processes information.It is similar to the way that exercise builds muscles.
   The study also found the effect is greater when the younger people learn a second language.A team led by Dr.Andrea Mechelli，from London University，took a group of Britain people who only spoke English.They were compared with a group of "early bilinguals" who had learnt a second language before the age of five，as well as a number of later learners.
   Scanowed that grey matter density in the brain was greater in bilinguals than in people without a second language.But the longer a person waited before mastering a new language，the smaller the difference was.
   "Our findings suggest that the structure of the brain is changed by the experience of learning a second language，" said the scientists.It means that the change itself increases the ability to learn.
   Professor Dylan Vaughan Jones of the University of Wales has researched the link between bilingualism and math skill. "Having two languages gives you two windows on the world and makes the brain more flexible，" he said. "You are actually going beyond language and have a better understanding of different ideas."
   The findings were matched in a study of native Italian speakers who had learned English as a second language between the ages of 2 and 34.Reading，writing and comprehension were all tested.The resultowed that the younger they started to learn，the better. "Studying a language means you get an entrance to another world，" explained the scientists.

（1）The main subject talked about in this passage is       .
A．science on learning a second language
B．man's ability of learning a second language
C．language can help brain power
D．language learning and math study
（2）In the second paragraph，the writer mentions "exercise" in order to       .
A．say language is also a kind of physical labor
B．prove that one needs more practice when he/she is learning a language
C．show the importance of using the language when you learn the language
D．make people believe language learning helps grey matter work well
（3）In the last two paragraphs，the author wants to tell us that       .
A．learning a second language is the same as studying math
B．early learning of a second language helps you a great deal in study other subjects
C．Italian is the best choice for you as a second language
D．we'd better choose the ages between 2 and 34 to learn a second language

共享时间:2023-02-14 难度:2 相似度:1

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202832. （2020•西工大附中•四模） At the first Olympic marathon in 1896，athletes ran a shorter course than today's 42.2-kilometer event．Even so，only the winner finished within three hours．However，runners have improved，and one expert predicted last year that the two-hour mark would be broken in 2028．
   On Oct 12，Eliud Kipchoge came in ahead of schedule - literally．The 34-year-old Olympic champion from Kenya became the first person to run a marathon in less than two hours．Clocking in at 1：59：40，Kipchoge pumped his chest and even sped up after crossing the finish line as he ran happily to his wife． "No one is limited．Thiows the positivity of sport，" Kipchoge told the BBC after the race in Vienna，Austria． "Together when we run，we can make it a beautiful world．"
   Apart from Kipchoge's strong willpower and outstanding physical condition，a few tricks of science and technology helped him reach this milestone in human athletic achievement．
   Hills and turns slow runners down，so Kipchoge's team picked the course in Vienna for its gentle curves （弯曲度）．
   The city's cool and dry weather was also important，said Wired．The magazine talked to exercise physiologists，who think the weather helped keep Kipchoge's body running more efficiently throughout the race．
   A special pair of shoes also played a big part．According to The New York Times，the shoes Kipchoge wore were designed to give a significant edge （优势） to anyone wearing them in a race．
   One other key to this breakthrough was Kipchoge's pacing strategy．He ran with a dream team of pacers， deployed by sports scientists．Five runners formed a V-shape ahead of Kipchoge，reducing drag （阻力），and two runners followed directly behind to push him forward．Kipchoge stayed in the center of the formation．The team rotated （轮换） members every five kilometers，and he stayed under a two-hour pace for almost the entire length of the race．There was also a pace car driving 15 meters in front of everyone，casting a laser （激光） line on the road to keep them on track．
   "Few world records today are technology free，" noted The Telegraph．Hard work and dedication are still the core （核心） of athletic achievement，but science and technology are helping modern athletes maximize their potential．

（1）Which of the following statements is true according to the first two paragraphs？
A．42.2-kilometer marathon first started in 1896．
B．Eliud Kipchoge is predicted to break the record in 2028．
C．Eliud Kipchoge won the Olympic champion at 1：59：40．
D．Eliud Kipchoge from Kenya set a new marathon record in less than two hour．
（2）What factor does not benefit Eliud Kipchoge in the challenge？
A．His strong willpower．
B．Physiologists' talk．
C．His extraordinary physical condition．
D．Special running shoes．
（3）What's the closest explanation of the underlined word？
A．follow
B．monitor
C．arrange
D．motivate
（4）What's the best title for the passage？
A．Running into record books．
B．How to maximize one's athletic potential．
C．Few world record today are technology free．
D．Eliud Kipchoge's outstanding sports achievements．

共享时间:2020-04-30 难度:2 相似度:1

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202833. （2020•西工大附中•四模） We may think we're a culture that gets rid of our worn technology at the first sight of something shiny and new，but a new study shows that we keep using our old devices （装置） well after they go out of style．That's bad news for the environment and our wallets-as these outdated devices consume much more energy than the newer ones that do the same things．
   To figure out how much power these devices are using，Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York tracked the environmental costs for each product throughout its life from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device．This method provided a readout for how home energy use has evolved since the early 1990s．Devices were grouped by generation．Desktop computers，basic mobile phones，and box-set TVs defined 1992．Digital cameras arrived on the scene in 1997．And MP3 players，smart phones，and LCD TVs entered homes in 2002，before tablets and e-readerowed up in 2007．
   As we accumulated more devices，however，we didn't throw out our old ones． "The living-room television is replaced and gets planted in the kids' room，and suddenly one day，you have a TV in every room of the house，" said one researcher．The average number of electronic devices rose from four per household in 1992 to 13 in 2007．We're not just keeping these old devices -we continue to use them．According to the analysis of Babbitt's team，old desktop monitors and box TVs with cathode ray tubes are the worst devices with their energy，consumption and contribution to greenhouse gas emissions （排放） more than doubling during the 1992 to 2007 window．
   So what's the solution （解决方案）？The team's data only went up to 2007，but the researchers also explored what would happen if consumers replaced old products with new electronics that serve more than one function，such as a tablet for word processing and TV viewing．They found that more on-demand entertainment viewing on tablets instead of TVs and desktop computers could cut energy consumption by 44%．

（1）What does the author think of new devices？
A．They are environment-friendly．
B．They are no better than the old．
C．They cost more to use at home．
D．They go out of style quickly．
（2）Why did Babbitt's team conduct the research？
A．To reduce the cost of minerals．
B．To test the life cycle of a product．
C．To update consumers on new technology．
D．To find out electricity consumption of the devices．
（3）Which of the following uses the least energy？
A．The box-set TV．
B．The tablet．
C．The LCD TV．
D．The desktop computer．
（4）What does the text suggest people do about old electronic devices？
A．Stop using them．
B．Take them apart．
C．Upgrade them．
D．Recycle them．

共享时间:2020-04-30 难度:2 相似度:1

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202834. （2020•西工大附中•四模） Spring is coming，and it is time for those about to graduate to look for jobs．Competition is tough，so job seekers must carefully consider their personal choices．Whatever we are wearing，our family and friends may accept us，but the workplace may not．
   A high school newspaper editor said it is unfair for companies to discourage visible tattoos（文身）nose rings，or certain dress styles．It is true you can't judge a book by its cover，yet people do "cover" themselves in order to convey certain messages．What we wear，including tattoos and nose rings，is an expression of who we are．Just as people convey messages about themselves with their appearances，so do companies．Dress standards exist in the business world for a number of reasons，but the main concern is often about what customers accept．
   Others may say how to dress is a matter of personal freedom，but for businesses it is more about whether to make or lose money．Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees，because those people represent the companies to their customers．
   As a hiring manager I am paid to choose the people who would make the best impression on our customers．There are plenty of well-qualified candidates，so it is not wrong to reject someone who might disappoint my customers．Even though I am open-minded，I can't expect all our customers are．
   There is nobody to blame but yourself if your set of choices does not match that of your preferred employer．No company should have to change to satisfy a candidate simply because he or she is unwilling to respect its standards，as long as its standards are legal．

（1）Which of the following is the newspaper editor's opinion according to Paragraph 2？
A．People's appearances carry message about themselves．
B．Customers' choices influence dress standards in companies．
C．Candidates with tattoos or nose ringould be fairly treated．
D．Strange dress styleould not be encouraged in the workplace．
（2）What can be inferred from the text？
A．Candidates have to wear what companies prefer for an interview．
B．What to wear is not a matter of personal choice for companies．
C．Companies sometimes have to change to respect their candidates．
D．Hiring managers make the best impression on their candidates．
（3）Which of the following would be the best title for the text？
A．Employees Matter
B．Personal Choices Matter
C．Appearances Matter
D．Hiring Managers Matter
（4）The author's attitude towards strange dress styles in the workplace may best be described as       ．
A．enthusiastic
B．negative
C．positive
D．sympathetic

共享时间:2020-04-30 难度:2 相似度:1

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203033. （2017•铁一中学•一模） ONE day I saw a TV advertisement．A couple - she in a black dress，he in a super-stylish shirt and tie - was enjoying a candlelit （烛光的） meal accompanied by romantic music．The location？Pizza Hut．I nearly choked on my tea．
   "What？!" I laughed to my Chinese friend． "Pizza Hut is trying to be all gourmet（美食的）and fashionable？!" My friend looked confused． "But Pizza Hut is fashionable，" she said． " You go there for a special meal．"
   In China，chain restaurants-especially the big multinational ones-are cool．Going to Starbucks，for example，is a status symbol．It not only says， " I'm rich enough to buy this overpriced coffee，" but also， "I'm cosmopolitan（见多识广的）enough to be part of globalization．"
   Where I come from in the UK，however，chains are neither fashionable nor gourmet．Chains are where you go on New Year's Day when nowhere are neither fashionable nor gourmet．Chains are where you go on New Year's Day when nowhere else is open，or when you are 5 years old and your parents can't stand hearing． "I'm hungry!" any longer．In my own case（with regards to McDonald's），a chain is where you are taken on your first "date"．Even at the age of 13，I knew to give the guy the "let's just be friends" phone call the next day．
   In the UK，independent cafes and restaurants are making a comeback on the fashion scene．Nowadays，a Londoner who says "let's meet for a coffee at Monmouth" （an independent café） is much cooler than one says "let's go to Starbucks"，Even if Monmouth's coffee is a little more expensive，there's a satisfaction in knowing your pounds aren't going straight to the big corporations．
   Of course，there are chain stores all over the UK；you can't go five minutes without spotting a Costa Coffee．But numbers do not add up to good taste．I do，however，have a confession．After moving to China I had moments when all the rice and Kung Pao Chicken became too much．I，too，have retreated to McDonald's．Even so，I would never describe my Big Mac as "haute cuisine．"
（1）Many Chinese people like to go to multinational chain restaurants because        ．
A．the restaurants give customers a taste of foreign culture
B．the restaurants offer different food and drinks from other restaurants
C．they believe that eating there will show their wealth and social status
D．these restaurants are perfect places for a romantic date
（2）Which of the following statements is TRUE？
A．The author has grown tired of Chinese food．
B．Branches of Monmouth's café can be found all over the UK．
C．Most independent stores are closed on New Year's Day in the Uk．
D．It is cool in the UK to take your first date to a chain restaurant．
（3）What does the underlined word " haute cuisine" in the last paragraph mean？
A．high-class cookery
B．expensive cookers
C．delicious food
D．a fashionable tradition
（4）What is the main point of the article？
A．The difference between Chinese food and the western food．
B．The comeback of independent cafes and restaurants in the UK
C．What makes chain restaurants gourmet and fashionable both in China and the UK．
D．The different attitudes towards chain restaurants of Chinese and British people．

共享时间:2017-03-09 难度:2 相似度:1

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203035. （2017•铁一中学•一模） The following passage is adapted from the writings of a Nobel Prize-winning scientist．
   Any scientist who is not a pretender will admit the important part that luck plays in scientific discovery．A colleague and I carried out an experiment in which little tissue fragments（组织碎片），which were very difficult to work with，were injected into mice of different DNA strains．If we had been more experienced，we would have injected only white blood cells （which would have been easier to handle） into the mice．We now know that if we had done this，we would not have made the discovery．Obviously，we were lucky，but our scientific training enabled us to recognize the significance of the accident．
   It might nevertheless seem as if luck plays a significant role in scientific discovery．However，I would like to challenge this view for the following reasons：we sometimes describe as "lucky" a person who wins a prize in a lottery at long odds；but if we describe such an event as luck，what word shall we use to describe the accidental discovery of a lottery ticket that turns out to be the winning one just on a park bench？
   The two cases are quite different．A person who buys a lottery ticket is putting himself or herself in the way of winning a prize．This individual has，so to speak，purchased candidacy（候选资格）for such a turn of events and all the rest is a matter of mathematical probabilities．So it is with scientists．A scientist is anyone who，by observations and experiments conducted，by the literature read，and even by the company kept，puts himself or herself in the way of making a discovery．These individuals，by deliberate action，have enormously enlarged their awareness-their candidacy for good fortune-and will now take into account evidence of a kind that a beginner or a casual observer would probably overlook or misinterpret．
   Nearly all successful scientists have emphasized the importance of preparedness of mind，and I want to emphasize that this preparedness of mind is worked for and paid for by a great deal of effort and reflection．If these efforts lead to a discovery，then I think it would be inappropriate to credit such a discovery to luck．
（1）The outcome of the experiment described in paragraph one suggests that
A．luck play an insignificant part in scientific discovery
B．the injection of only while blood cells allowed the two scientists to make their discovery
C．It was difficult to inject little tissue fragments into mice of different DNT strains
D．the scientists concerned in the experiment were able to benefit from luck
（2）The author uses the example of the lottery winner in order to suggest that
A．blind luck occurs more frequently than people realize
B．luck plays a more important part in most events than people realize
C．luck is not the correct term to use when referring to a significant scientific discovery
D．luck is the best word to be used to describe the accidental discovery in science
（3）The author implies that a scientist achieves " candidacy for good fortune" by
A．making careful and repeated mathematical calculations
B．depending on feelings rather than on scientific research
C．performing enough experiments to increase the statistical probability of success
D．obtaining knowledge that allows him or her to recognize important evidence
（4）The primary purpose of the passage is to
A．make a single definition of luck
B．show that scientists discover what they intend to find
C．compare scientific discovery to a lottery game
D．discuss the role of luck in science

共享时间:2017-03-09 难度:2 相似度:1

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203806. （2024•周至四中•高一上期末） It was a village in India．The people were poor．However，they were not unhappy．After all，their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries．
   Then one day，some visitors from the city arrived．They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog's legs．However，they did not have enough frogs of their own，and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places．
   This seemed like money for nothing．There were millions of frogs in the fields around，and they were no use to the villagers．All they had to do was catch them．Agreement was reached，and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs．Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money．For the first time，the people were able to dream of a better future．But the dream didn't last long．
   The change was hardly noticed at first，but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well．More worrying was that the children fell ill more often，and，there seemed to be more insects around lately．
   The villagers decided that they couldn't just wait to see the crops failing and the children getting weak．They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides （杀虫剂） and medicines．Soon there was no money left．
   Then the people realized what was happening．It was the frog．They hadn't been useless．They had been doing an important job-eating insects．Now with so many frogs killed，the insects were increasing more rapidly．They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases．
   Now，the people are still poor．But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs．These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning．

（1）From Paragraph 1，we learn that the villagers       ．
A．worked very hard for centuries
B．dreamed of having a better life
C．were poor but somewhat content
D．lived a different life from their forefathers
（2）Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs？
A．The frogs were easy money．
B．They needed money to buy medicine．
C．They wanted to please the visitors．
D．The frogs made too much noise．
（3）What might be the cause of the children's sickness？
A．The crops didn't do well．
B．There were too many insects．
C．The visitors brought in diseases．
D．The pesticides were overused．
（4）What can we infer from the last sentence of the text？
A．Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country．
B．Health is more important than money．
C．The harmony between man and nature is important．
D．Good old days will never be forgotten．

共享时间:2024-02-09 难度:2 相似度:1

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203841. （2024•周至六中•高一上期末）     Clubs for High School
    Asian Culture Club with Ms.Huang：Tuesdays 4pm. -5pm.
    From Peking Opera to K-pop，from dumplings to sushi，Asian Culture Club provides bridge between different cultures.It is a club for students to have the opportunity to gain knowledge about Asian cultures and to come together to build relationships with fellow students from different cultural backgrounds.
    Creative Writing Club with Candlin：Fridays 11：55am -12：35pm
    If you want to do some free writing and share with other writers，come to this club.Together we'll spend time writing side by side 9 voluntarily sharing what we come up with，and offering one another warm feedback on our work.
    Yoga Club with Ms.Vilchez-Blatt：Mondays 3：30 pm-4：20pm.
    Stretch，strengthen and move your body with a challenging combination of Yoga and Fitness!You'll also learn tools for managing stress and easing anxiety，for overall focus，for self-care and self-love.This club is also great to support students in their other sports and activities.

（1）Who is the host of Asian Culture Club？
A．Candlin.
B．Ms.Huang.
C．Ms.Vilchez-Blatt.
D．Ms.Sobin.
（2）Which club should you go if you feel a bit anxious recently？
A．Asian Culture Club.
B．Creative Writing Club.
C．Drama Club.
D．Yoga Club.
（3）In which section of a newspaper may this text appear？
A．Entertainment.
B．Education.
C．Health.
D．Science.

共享时间:2024-02-28 难度:2 相似度:1

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203842. （2024•周至六中•高一上期末）     As you probably know，learning a foreign language is sometimes challenging.But it can also be fun.Learning to speak a second language opens doors to new opportunities，helps you to communicate with others and makes travelling overseas more satisfactory.
    It might come as a surprise that the number of teenagers learning foreign languages in UK secondary schools has dropped by 45% since the turn of the millennium.Another survey of secondary schools suggests a third of students have dropped at least one language from their GCSE exam options.There are some reasons for this，including many students' opinion that languages are difficult.Others have questioned the need for a second language when translation technology is advancing.
    Matthew Fell，chief UK policy director for business group the CBI，believes that "The decline in language learning in schools must be reversed，or else the UK will be less competitive globally and young people less prepared for the modern world."
    Some native English speakers have admitted the benefits of speaking another tongue.Cassandra Scott，from Edinburgh，studied three languages in her final year at school.She is now a freelance translator in Edinburgh，and says "Learning languages at school really set the course for my career."

（1）How does the author show the fact that fewer people have learned foreign languages？
A.By offering background information.
B.By giving specific examples.
C.By analyzing underlying reasons.
D.By showing personal research.
（2）What does the underlined word "reversed" in paragraph 3 mean？
A.Developed rapidly.
B.Pushed quickly.
C.Changed completely.
D.Maintained properly.
（3）What can we learn from the passage？
A.A fulfilling overseas travel requires another foreign language.
B.Learning languages at school may contribute to one's future career.
C.Native English speakers benefit more from speaking another tongue.
D.With the translation technology，there's no need to learn foreign languages.
（4）What's the purpose of the passage？
A.To criticize people's ignorance of foreign languages.
B.To stress the significance of learning foreign languages.
C.To state the result of dropping learning foreign languages.
D.To raise people's awareness of protecting native languages.

共享时间:2024-02-28 难度:2 相似度:1

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204278. （2023•阎良区•高二下期末） Nobel prize winners，well-known authors，and famous scientists- you might think all these people were born to be creative.However，that's not always the case.
   While well-known figures like Pablo Picasso and Albert Einstein did their most significant work in their youth，famous American poet Robert Frost and English-born natural scientist Charles Darwin were known as "late bloomers"- people whose talents were not noticeable until later in life.
   This idea of "peaking" at different times inspired new research from the United States. "Many people believe that creativity is exclusively（独有地） associated with youth，but it really depends on what kind of creativity you' re talking about，" said Bruce Weinburg，a professor of economics at the University of Chicago and co-author of the study.
   According to the .study，published earlier this month in the journal De Economist，there are two types of people：conceptual（概念的） and experimental thinkers.
   To reach this conclusion，researchers took the 31 previous winners of the Nobel Prize in economics and arranged them according to when they did their most significant work，to identify their creative peaks.
   Some peaked from ages 25-29.Classified as conceptual thinkers，these people think outside of the box，coming up with new ideas before they become used to the conventional way of doing things.
   The second creative peak came with economists in their 50s.These are experimental thinkers who have been in their fields for a long time.This allows them to learn from errors and experiment with different processes，before eventually finding new solutions.
   "Whether you hit your creative peak early or late in your career depends on whether you have a conceptual or experimental approach，" said Weinburg.He added that their study isn't limited to economics，saying it can apply to other creative subjects.So if you're struggling to come up with new ideas，don't panic.Your creative peak may be yet to arrive.

（1）What does the author indicate by mentioning Robert Frost in paragraph 2？
A．Some people stand out in their later life.
B．Robert Frost is a famous natural scientist.
C．It's better to be late bloomers in literature.
D．Creativity makes a difference to success.
（2）How did the researchers draw the conclusion：there are two types of creative people？
A．By referring to some data.
B．By doing some experiments.
C．By interviewing some creative people.
D．By adopting the means of logic reasoning.
（3）What can we learn about conceptual thinkers？
A．They owe their success to life experience.
B．They adopt common scientific approaches.
C．They follow a new pattern of thinking.
D．They learn from errors and experiments.
（4）What does Weinburg probably agree with？
A．Creative peaks never come for some.
B．The older，the less likely to succeed.
C．Most people prefer conceptual thinking.
D．Great creativity can arrive at different stages.

共享时间:2023-07-14 难度:2 相似度:1

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204106. （2023•西安中学•高二上期末） I walked along the sidewalk that borders the west side of Central Park this morning，wondering at itape：Hexagonal（六边形的） paving stones underneath my feet were bordered by brickwork，with a tidy stone wall running alongside.Just past the wall lay the park itself，where delicate branches of leafless trees reached to the blue sky，and sparrows emerged from trees.
   The contrast between the straight-lined，orderly，man-made sidewalk and the complex diversity of nature just beyond its border made me think about the differences between natural creation and man's creation.
   The world holds many examples of circles：the moon，grapes，drops of water and the center of flowers.Triangles（三角形） are readily evident，too.There are kitty cat noses and ears，mountain peaks and river deltas.
   But what about the most common shape in the man-made world，the rectangle（矩形）？I searched my brain for natural equals.Though I thought and thought，I came up with only two：teeth and salt crystals.That surprised me.Do we prefer rectangles simply because it's easier to plan and build with blocks and straight lines？Or does it have something to do with the idea that humans tend to assume life is supposed to be linear？I don't know.
   There are bent lines everywhere.As I look at the beauty of，a tree in winter，with its branches reaching skyward in a seemingly untidy but obviously planned pattern，I can apprehend something of what that means.
   Our world isn't always tidy and predictable in the way that I want it to be.There are twists and turns in my life that I can't foresee or predict.That doesn't mean branching off in unexpected directions is bad or wrong.It means that when I find myself in each new place，I need to continue growing and reaching upward.

（1）How did the author feel about the sidewalk'ape？
A．disappointed.
B．surprised.
C．worried.
D．pleased.
（2）What is the author' s attitude to the variouapes mentioned in the text？
A．negative.
B．cautious.
C．unconcerned.
D．objective.
（3）Which can explain the underlined word "apprehend" in paragraph 5？
A．create.
B．imagine.
C．understand.
D．arrange.
（4）What may the author agree with？
A．People should live in a complex world.
B．Triangles are the most common in nature.
C．Natural creation and man's creation should be balanced.
D．We should move forward in the face of uncertainties.

共享时间:2023-02-23 难度:2 相似度:1

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202805. （2020•西安中学•三模） We often hear such statements： "I spilled （洒出） juice，but it wasn't my fault．"， "I got in trouble at school，but it wasn't my fault．" or "I was in a car accident，but it wasn't my fault．" That "It's not my fault．" is a go-to response for so many people and especially teenagers．
   Parents complain they are tired of the "excuse"．The reason why variations of "It's not my fault．" are so popular is that it lets us off the hook from guilt and blame．I'm a fan of not owning responsibility for things that I can't control．Teens who often say "It's my fault．" when something bad happens tend to be highly self-critical，perfectionistic and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression．
   While it is important to recognize lack of reason to blame oneself，many teens over-rely on "It's not my fault．" When trying to get them to take responsibility，parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault．The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle．No one wins．A more effective approach can be to stress significant drawbacks to consistently focusing on removing our responsibility with this phrase．
   Overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of lack of ability to control their own lives．This sense has been shown to cause low motivation．Besides creating feelings of lack of ability，overuse of "It's not my fault．" focuses a teen's attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done．
   People may not have caused all their problems but they have to solve them anyway．The example I frequently share with teens is the question of what one will do if he is pushed into a deep lake．One can certainly stay in water，yelling， "It's not my fault．" However，that won't get him out of water．He needs to swim to the shore，regardless of the fault．
   If you take a proper approach to communicating with your teens，you can help them avoid over-reliance on "It's not my fault．"

（1）What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 1？
A．The teenagers' dislike for school life．
B．The common trouble faced by teenagers．
C．The reasons for blaming others for accidents．
D．The tendency for people not to be responsible for mess in life．
（2）What type of teens tends to suffer great mental pressure according to the text？
A．Those lacking confidence and ambition．
B．Those allowing others to find excuses．
C．Those unable to get along well with others．
D．Those often blaming themselves for some incidents．
（3）What's the author's attitude to parents' usual way of guiding children？
A．Supportive．
B．Negative．
C．Ambiguous．
D．Neutral．
（4）What lesson is conveyed in the example often shared by the author？
A．We should try to avoid troubling others．
B．We should focus on how to solve problems．
C．We should dare to point out others' mistakes．
D．We should be self-critical as much as possible．

共享时间:2020-04-08 难度:2 相似度:1

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204372. （2023•铁一中学•高三上期末）     We offer five kinds of courses.Each course has been designed to help students according to their needs.
Course 1：General English
    General English is designed to develop students' basic communication skills in speaking and pronunciation，reading，listening，writing，grammar and vocabulary.Tuesday to Friday：9：00 am to 11：00 am，＄ 288 per week.
Course 2：Academic English
    Academic English is for students who want to take the IELTS exam or for those who need to use English in a professional area.Monday to Friday：4：00 pm to 5：00 pm，＄ 320 per week.
Course 3：High School ESL
    Why not make the most of your time studying in Australia with the help from TIES？We have High School ESL classes each week specifically designed for international students.Tuesday to Friday：8：00 am to 11：00 am，＄ 25 per hour.
Course 4：Night Classes
    Do you want to improve your English and get the best possible results in your GRE test？We have three night classes each week designed to meet your needs.Tuesday to Thursday evenings：8：30 pm to 10：30 pm，＄ 60 per day.
Course 5：One on One
    If you are interested in some One on One lessons with TIES teachers，we can design a course to meet your needs.One on One lessons can improve your English language skills more quickly and help students who want to take TOEFL.Tuesday to Friday：2：00 pm to 5：00 pm，＄ 80 per hour.
    Please click here to learn more about the courses.

（1）Which course would be helpful for basic communication skills？
A．High School ESL.
B．Night Classes.
C．General English.
D．Academic English.
（2）How much will you pay if you spend two weeks taking the Night Classes？
A．＄240.
B．＄300.
C．＄360.
D．＄600.
（3）Where can we find the passage？
A．A newspaper.
B．A website.
C．A brochure.
D．An application.

共享时间:2023-02-20 难度:2 相似度:1

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dygzyyyn

2025-03-22

高中英语 | | 阅读理解

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