首页 > 试题列表 > 单题解析

218575. （2022•雁塔二中•高二上一月） Though its effects are not always visible to the human eye，plastic is choking life on Earth.The process for manufacturing plastic worsens climate change，and the spreading of plastic in the environment has led to heartbreaking sights.
   Then there came a daydream：Can we create something that will consume it？
   A new study suggests that an enzyme（酶）which targets polyethylene terephthalate（PET） -a widely-used substance found in a majority of consumer packaging products that contains 12 percent of all global waste-could make that scientific dream，which is also necessity，into a reality.
   The key ingredient was a natural enzyme known as PETase，according to the paper published in the scientific journal Nature.Using a machine learning model，scientists at the University of Texas figured out what changes would cause the enzyme to be able to quickly break down the targeted types of plastic waste.
   "It has been a well-explored problem in many industries，" Hal Alper，a professor in Chemical Engineering，said，"Therefore，we feel that this part of the problem is easily achievable in a short period of time.The more challenging aspect will be making enzyme break down on a large scale with mixed plastics waste."
   This was not the first effort to solve the plastic pollution problem.In March 2016，Japanese researchers found a bacteria that would "eat" the plastic until it turned into sludge（泥浆）.Last year，scientists at the University of Edinburgh announced that E.Coli，a common bacterium，could be used to change PET into a kind of material，which might be able to be safely consumed by humans.
   Joanna Sadler，a biotechnology professor at the University of Edinburgh，characterized the new enzyme as the "fastest enzyme reported to date" in terms of the speed of breaking down different plastics. "This makes it a very promising technological development in the field，and demonstrates the better adapted usage of this enzyme，"Sadler said.

（1）What's the function of the first paragraph？
A．To explain a unique phenomenon.
B．To stimulate the readers' curiosity.
C．To analyze the cause of the situation.
D．To provide some background information.
（2）What is the challenging problem scientists are facing？
A．Turning the scientific dream into a reality.
B．Causing the enzyme to work more effectively.
C．Putting a machine learning model into practice.
D．Making the enzyme dissolve plastics massively.
（3）Why are the examples mentioned in Paragraph 6？
A．To evaluate the scientists' previous efforts.
B．To introduce some similar biological means.
C．To prove the possibility of recycling plastics.
D．To stress the importance of plastic-eating bacteria.
（4）Which word best describes Sadler's attitude to the enzyme？
A．Skeptical.
B．Objective.
C．Optimistic.
D．Critical.

共享时间:2022-10-25 难度:2

纠错

下载

相似

组卷白板

[考点]

健康，说明文，

[答案]

DDBC

[解析]

（1）D.推理判断题。根据文章第一段Though its effects are not always visible to the human eye，plastic is choking life on Earth.The process for manufacturing plastic worsens climate change，and the spreading of plastic in the environment has led to heartbreaking sights.（虽然塑料的影响并不总是肉眼可见，但它正在窒息地球上的生命。制造塑料的过程加剧了气候变化，塑料在环境中的扩散导致了令人心碎的景象。）以及文章第二段"Then there came a daydream：Can we create something that will consume it？（然后我做了一个白日梦：我们能创造出一些东西来消耗它吗？）可知制造塑料的过程加剧了气候变化，塑料在环境中的扩散导致了令人心碎的景象。那么基于这种情况我们能不能创造一些东西来消耗这些塑料呢？所以第一段是提供了背景知识。故选D项。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据文章第五段The more challenging aspect will be making enzyme break down on a large scale with mixed plastics waste.（"更具有挑战性的方面将是如何利用混合塑料垃圾大规模分解酶。"）可知对于科学家们来说更具挑战的方面在于让酶大量地分解这些混合塑料垃圾。故选D项。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据文章第六段This was not the first effort to solve the plastic pollution problem.（这不是研究者第一次通过努力去解决塑料污染问题。）以及In March 2016，Japanese researchers found a bacteria that would "eat" the plastic until it turned into sludge（泥浆）.Last year，scientists at the University of Edinburgh announced that E.Coli，a common bacterium，could be used to change PET into a kind of material，which might be able to be safely consumed by humans.（ 2016年3月，日本研究人员发现了一种细菌，它会"吃掉"塑料，直到塑料变成污泥。去年，爱丁堡大学（University of Edinburgh）的科学家宣布，大肠杆菌（E.Coli）——一种常见的细菌——可以用来将PET变成一种材料，这种材料可能可以被人类安全地食用。）可知分解酶不是研究者们处理塑料问题的首例，所以此段列举两个成功的例子是为了介绍一些类似的生物解决方法。故选B项。
（4）C.推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Joanna Sadler，a biotechnology professor at the University of Edinburgh，characterized the new enzyme as the "fastest enzyme reported to date" in terms of the speed of breaking down different plastics. "This makes it a very promising technological development in the field，and demonstrates the better adapted usage of this enzyme，" Sadler said.（爱丁堡大学（University of Edinburgh）生物技术教授Joanna Sadler称，就分解不同塑料的速度而言，这种新酶是"迄今为止报道的最快的酶"。Sadler说："这使它成为该领域非常有前途的技术发展，并展示了这种酶更好的适应性使用。）可知Sadler 把这种新型酶描述成迄今分解塑料最为快速的酶，所以Sadler的态度是乐观的。故选C项。

[点评]

本题考查了"健康，说明文，"，属于"必考题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

转载声明：

本题解析属于发布者收集录入，如涉及版权请向平台申诉！！版权申诉

相似题 全部同步专题复习模拟真题联考专练月考周考期中期末单元寒假暑假副题

218574. （2022•雁塔二中•高二上一月） Scientists have always been interested in the high level of organization in ant societies．American researchers have watched ants build life-saving rafts to keep afloat during floods．They also have recorded how ants choose their next queen - the female whose job is to produce eggs．
   New technology is helping to improve researchers' understanding of the insects．But there is still a lot to be learned．
   Fire ants living in Brazilian forests are perfectly at home in an environment where flooding is common．To save themselves，the insects connect their legs together and create floating rafts．Some ant rafts can be up to 20 centimeters wide．
   David Hu is an engineer with the Georgia Institute of Technology，also known as Georgia Tech，saying， "If you have 100 ants，which means 600 legs，99 percent of those legs will be connected to a neighbor．So they're very，very good at keeping this network． "
   David Hu and other Georgia Tech researchers wanted to study ants and the secret of their engineering．They froze ant rafts and then looked at them with the help of computed technology，or CT images．The pictureowed that larger ants serve in central positions to which smaller ants hold．The larger ants create pockets of air that keep the insects afloat．
   Scientists say small robots or materials that can change shape could be programmed in a similar way，working towards a shared goal．
   Researchers at North Carolina State University are also studying ants．They examined how Indian jumping ants choose the leader of the colony when they lose their top female or queen．

（1）he author takes fire ants as an example to tell us       ．
A．how ants seek food
B．how ants survive
C．how ants communicate
D．how ants live together
（2）What can we know from what David Hu said in paragraph 4？
A．Ants know the way to join together closely．
B．Ants know the way to keep safe in the river．
C．Ants know the way to look for each other．
D．Ants know the way to build a large raft．
（3）Why did the larger ants serve in central positions in their ant rafts？
A．To stress their importance．
B．To help all the ants float．
C．To fight against the enemies．
D．To defend their top female．
（4）What ideas do the ants give us according to the passage？
A．We can use similar-shaped machines in flooding areas．
B．We can combine small robots or materials into larger ones．
C．Small and shape-changeable things might work just like ants do．
D．Small robots or materials in the shape of ants can be made．

共享时间:2022-10-25 难度:1 相似度:1.5

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

202167. （2022•周至县•一模） World history has seen three ancient dramas：Greek tragedy and comedy；Indian Sanskrit drama；and Chinese opera.The first two have become historical and only Chinese opera has survived.
    Chinese opera took shape in the 12th century.After developing for more than 800 years，its abundant local styles of opera are still enjoying great popularity，of which Qinqiang is one of the most ancient operas.
   Qinqiang opera is a thousand-year-old local opera originating in China's inland northwestern region.It has established a unique tradition as an "opera shouted out" with its high-pitched arias（高音唱腔）.Li Mei has won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses.She's also known for her passionate commitment to exploring the theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqiang.
   Li Mei and her workmates are halfway through an afternoon rehearsal（排练）and most have broken into a sweat.Singing in a near whisper，the forty-year-old opera star performs the stylized movements for the leading role—the bitter dead Lady Li Huiniang in Ghost 's Hate.
   Little wonder that Li Mei is such a powerful presence on stage.She's the greatest contributory actress who's able to interpret a character so persuasively and tell a story so convincingly that European audiences warmly hug this unfamiliar art form.
   Li Mei said， "We performed this opera in the Netherlands to celebrate the tenth anniversary of the founding of Holland's National Theatre.We enjoyed a fifteen-minute curtain call and the audiences applauded wildly for a long time.The local press entitled me the 'Nemesis of the Orient' and the 'Chinese Venus'.Why is that so？Because they've fully understood what the opera implied—the loyalty towards love，and dead ae may be，her love persists.The reason why this opera was able to touch millions of hearts is that it has a beautiful story presented by a beautiful art form."

（1）What can be inferred about Chinese opera from the passage？
A．It made history with ancient Greek operas.
B．It consists of various dynamic local operas.
C．It has a history shorter than Indian Sanskrit drama.
D．It is originated from the most ancient local Qinqiang opera.
（2）What is the greatest feature Qinqiang opera according to the passage？
A．The spirited high tone.
B．The northwestern origin.
C．The stylized movement.
D．The popular curtain call.
（3）Why is Ghosts Hate starring Li Mei loved by foreigners？
A．Because is story is easy to be fully understood by foreigners.
B．Because its leading role Li Mei is famous as the "Chinese Venus".
C．Because it conveys the popular messages of loyalty towards love.
D．Because it has a perfect combination of touching plot and attractive form.
（4）What is Li Mei's greatest contribution to Qinqiang opera？
A．She won a reputation as one of the four greatest Qinqiang actresses.
B．She brought Li Huiniang，the biter dead Lady in Ghosts Hate to life.
C．She explored many theatrical possibilities offered by Qinqiang opera.
D．spread one of Chinese traditional cultures to the other side of the word.

共享时间:2022-03-08 难度:2 相似度:1

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

202168. （2022•周至县•一模） According to The Straits Times，many wild animals have recently skipped onto empty streets in many cities.
   In Spain，a wild boar climbed down the hills and wandered around Barcelona.Sika deer nosed their way around the deserted metro stations of Nara in Japan.A stag ran in the capital of the northern state of Uttarakhand in India.
   "It is certainly great news for species，" Marcelo Giagnoni，the head of Chile's agricultural and livestock service，told AFP. "This is the habitat they once had and that we've taken away from them."
   Hundreds of years ago，people lived in harmony with wildlife.They shared natural resources from sunlight to water and from forests to land.But as human beings evolved and formed their own civilizations，they jostled with animals for more space and resources.Gradually，human beings came to lose connection with nature.More skyscrapers have been built to meet the needs of the flock of people in the cities，which drove away many wild animals from their habitats.
   However，the recent lockdown of cities during the pandemic gives a chance of "freeing a space for other animals" and reflecting on our relationship with nature，according to AFP.Stuck indoors，with their worlds reduced to a few square meters，urban people have suddenly become enthusiastic birdwatchers.British ornithologist（鸟类学者）David Lindo，who is known as the "urban birder"，has been posting and livestreaming birds he spots from the roof of the building in Spain where he has been quarantined（隔离）. "The sky is a great arena，anything can fly past and，at the very least，it will give you peace.My message is simple：keep looking up，" he told CTV News.
   Just as AFP noted，right now "the most important phenomenon perhaps is our relationship with nature is changing - with people locked up in their homes realizing how much they miss nature".
   Though the lockdown may be temporary，it's time for us to reflect upon our relationship with the environment.As AFP put it，"people should always have a need of nature".By missing nature，humans may come to respect- and live in harmony with - nature once again.

（1）What can we infer from Marcelo Giagnoni's statements？
A．Wild animals have wandered around streets.
B．Humans have to move away from their habitat.
C．Wild species were forced to flee their home.
D．It is good for humans to get back their land.
（2）What does the underlined word "jostle" in paragraph 4 probably mean？
A．Push.
B．Struggle.
C．Quarrel.
D．Negotiate.
（3）What can humans get from the lockdown of cities according to AFP？
A．Having easy access to free space.
B．Getting a closer look at animals.
C．Thinking about the bond with nature.
D．Living in harmony with birds.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．Temporary Quarantine
B．The Harmony of Nature
C．Keep Looking up
D．Wildlife Moves in

共享时间:2022-03-08 难度:2 相似度:1

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

202169. （2022•周至县•一模） With low temperatures，radiation and high-energy particles，the vacuum of space is nothing but harsh（严酷的）.Can you imagine spending six hour walking in space？Chinese astronauts just did that on their
latest spacewalk.
   On Aug 20，Chinese astronauts Liu Boming and Nie Haisheng went out on the second spacewalk ofthe Shenzhou XII mission，according to the China Manned Space Agency.The pair set up and adjusted equipment，showed their spacesuits and tested the large robotic arm and other spacewalk-related devices.
   Despite the astronauts'skill，spacewalking is a challenging task.Luckily，their bulky（臃肿的）spacesuits protect them.A spacesuit is like a small space station.It has everything astronauts need when they carry out a spacewalk.
   China's Feitian spacesuits have six layers.The innermost layer collects astronauts'urine.There are also four layers that help control the temperature and air pressure inside the suit.Spacesuits are filled with air，so they look like they're puffed up（膨胀）.The sixth layer is made of special fibers that cover astronauts from radiation，according to The Paper.
   Astronauts are connected to the space station with safety ropes.The suit has headphones and speakers for astronauts to communicate.There is also a mirror on the wrist that astronauts can use to check their suits.
   The first Feitian suit was made in 2008.Zhai Zhigang wore it to carry out China's first spacewalk，which lasted about 19 minutes.
   The suits Chinese astronauts wear today are the second generation of Feitian.They can support longer walks lasting up to eight hours and can be used more often.The first generation could only be used five times within two years，while the second generation can be used 15 times within three years.Each suit costs around 30 million yuan，and it takes four months to make just one according to Ifeng News.

（1）What can we learn about the Chinese astronauts'latest spacewalk from the text？
A．It was China's first spacewalk.
B．It lasted a total of six hours.
C．It was carried out this spring.
D．It was completed by three astronauts.
（2）How were China's Feitian spacesuits designed to protect astronauts？
A．They include five layers with different functions.
B．The innermost layer adjusts the temperature.
C．Three other layers control air pressure inside the suit.
D．The outermost layer protects astronauts from radiation.
（3）According to the text，what do Chinese astronauts need when carrying out spacewalks？
①headphones②speakers③mirror④radar⑤compass⑥safety ropes
A．①③④⑤.
B．①②⑤⑥.
C．①②③⑥.
D．③④⑤⑥
（4）What do the last two paragraphs mainly talk about？
A．Distinctions between the two generations of Feitian suits.
B．The process of making the second Feitian suit.
C．New technology applied to the second Feitian suit.
D．Disadvantages of the first Feitian suit.

共享时间:2022-03-08 难度:2 相似度:1

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

219320. （2021•鄠邑二中•高三上一月）（1）Why will the man go to Seattle？
A.To attend a meeting.
B.To start a company.
C.To sell products.
（2）What is the possible relationship between the speakers？
A.Colleagues.
B.Friends.
C.Employer and Employee.

共享时间:1970-01-01 难度:2 相似度:1

解析

纠错

下载

组卷白板

dygzyyyn

2022-10-25

高中英语 | 高二上 | 听力题

下载量
浏览量
收益额

相关试卷 更多>>

2022-2023学年陕西省西安市雁塔二中高二（上）第一次月考英语试卷

更新:2022-10-25 01:06浏览量:9

微信扫码立即登录

AI助手

普通登录

手机登录

微信扫码立即登录

AI助手