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213743. （2023•高陵一中•高二下期中） For many years there's been a debate about rewarding our children．Does it work？Is it effective？
   Some people think we should establish a standard with our kids and give them something for meeting this standard as a reward．Punishment is given out in much the same way，but it's used when certain standards of performance，behavior，etc．have not been met．Kids will often become more dutiful when threatened with punishment，and work harder when promised a valuable reward．The problem is what happens when you aren't around．
   To develop responsible，self-disciplined（自律） kids，parents need to promote certain ideas．One of these ideas is that everyone pitches in（参与） and helps in your family．Another idea is that there can be enjoyment in doing any task if we choose to make it so．When a task is for a worthy cause （our family can enjoy the house more because I helped clean it），this message can have a big impact（影响）．
   This is how we help our kids develop a sense of responsibility．When our children develop this responsibility，they'll be more disciplined，and they'll control their emotions better．When we give rewards to our kids，we reduce the sense of responsibility．We also create children who may temporarily perform to a certain standard，but who aren't likely to continue the performance without the carrot hanging in front of them．
   "Rewards and punishment can change behavior for a while，but they cannot change the person who engages in（参与） the behavior，" said Alfie Kohn，author of Punished by Rewards． "Good values have to be grown from the inside out．" Parents can help give their children a sense of shared responsibility and discipline which can last a life time．The real rewards that your children receive will be their readiness for the complex and demanding world that waits for them-a world that rewards those who have learned the secrets of discipline responsibility．So keep those shiny rewarding to yourself，and let your kids find their own rewards．

（1）According to the passage，when children are threatened with punishment，       ．
A．they may lose interest in their work
B．they may appear to be well-behaved
C．they may change to another person
D．the results will be worse than usual
（2）The underlined part "the carrot" in Paragraph 4 probably refers to       ．
A．rewards
B．aims
C．apologies
D．doubts
（3）According to the passage，Alfie Kohn would agree that parentould       ．
A．never pay attention to the way their children do things
B．show their children how to behave by example
C．never punish their children
D．help their children establish good values
（4）What's the best title for the passage？
A．Do you often reward your children？
B．Should parents reward their children？
C．When should parents reward their children？
D．What can parents reward their children with？

共享时间:2023-05-20 难度:2

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社会，议论文，

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（1）B 细节理解题．文章第二段说Kids will often become more dutiful when threatened with punishment，and work harder when promised a valuable reward，当孩子们受到惩罚的威胁时，会变得更负责，有奖励时，会更努力．故选B．
（2）A 猜测词意题．划线单词所在的句子说We also create children who may temporarily（临时）perform to a certain standard，but who aren't likely to continue the performance without the carrot hanging in front of them给了孩子某种标准，孩子有好的表现是临时的，如果没有了奖励他们就不会继续表现良好了，可以知道划线部分应该是和前面的reward表达一样的意思．故选A．
（3）D 细节推断题．文章第五段说Good values have to be grown from the inside out好的价值观是来自内心的；Parents can help give their children a sense of shared responsibility and discipline which can last a lifetime父母应该帮助孩子养成有责任感和自律的品格，这些可以让他们收益终身．故选D．
（4）B 主旨大意题．文章一开始说For many years there's been a debate about rewarding our children．Does it work？Is it effective多年来人们都在争论该不该给孩子奖励，到底有没有效果．后面讲述了不同的观点．故选B．

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本题考查了"社会，议论文，"，属于"必考题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

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214516. （2020•西安一中•高一下期中） On average，American kids ages 3 to 12 spent 29 hours a week in school，eight hours more that they did in 1981．They also did more household work and participated in more of such organized activities as soccer and ballet （芭蕾舞）．Involvement in sports，in particular，rose almost 50% from 1981 to 1997：boys now spend an average of four hours a week playing sports；girls log half that time．All in all，however，children's leisure time dropped from 40% of the day in 1981 to 25%
   "Children are affected by the same time crunch （危机） that affects their parents，" says Sandra Hofferth，who headed the recent study of children's timetable．A chief reason，she says，is that more mothers are working outside the home．（Nevertheless，children in both double-income and "male breadwinner" households spent comparable amounts of time interacting with their parents 19 hours and 22 hours respectively．In contrast，children spent only 9 hours with their single mothers．）
   All work and no play could make for some very messed-up kids． "Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself，" says T．Berry Brazelton，professor at Harvard Medical School Unstructured（unorganized）play encourages independent thinking and allows the young to handle their relationships with their peers，but kids ages 3 to 12 spent only 12 hours a week engaged in it．
   The children sampled spent a quarter of their rapidly decreasing "free time" watching television．But that，believe it or not，was one of the findings parents might regard as good news．If they're spending less time in front of the TV set，however，kids aren't replacing it with reading．Despite efforts to get kids more interested in books，the children spent just over an hour a week reading．Let's face it，who's got the time？

（1）By mentioning "the same time crunch"（Line 1，Para．2）Sandra Hofferth means       ．
A．children have little time to play with their parents
B．both parents and children suffer from lack of leisure time
C．children are not taken good care of by their working parents
D．both parents and children have trouble managing their time
（2）According to the author a child develops better if       ．
A．he has plenty of time reading and studying
B．he has more time participating in school activities
C．he is left to play with his peers in his own way
D．he is free to interact with his working parents
（3）We can infer from the passage that       ．
A．extracurricular activities（after-class activities） promote children's intelligence
B．most children will turn to reading with TV sets switched off
C．efforts to get kids interested in reading have been fruitful
D．most parents believe reading to be beneficial to children

共享时间:2020-05-22 难度:2 相似度:2

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202614. （2020•西安中学•一模） My kids sit in Gee's living room and respectfully lift antique Christmas ornaments out of a cardboard box．They giggle at Ann，who is a foreign character to them．Gee stands beside them，quietly explaining each treasure．She tells me that she and Tom built their ornament collection piece by piece．She smiles as we leave with the box．
   We first met Tom and Gee in the early days of our marriage．Someone had been returning our garbage cans to the garage each garbage day，and Jim and I had wondered who．Then one day we spotted him：an elderly man who lived across the street．
   I baked cookies and left them outside with a thank-you note．When we got home that day，a typed letter had replaced the gift．The letter was from Tom and explained back when he'd been fighting a war，neighbors had taken the time to handle the garbage cans for his young wife，Gee，and he never forgot．Now he paid it forward by doing the same for all of us．
   A few years after we'd moved in，Tom died．We photocopied that letter and attached it to one of our own for Gee．We told her how special Tom had been to us．She wrote back and told ue still talked to Tom every day．
   These days，we're piling up boxes of our own．We're planning a move．We know it's time to go，and yet we can't seem to stick the For Sale sign up on the lawn．It's not just Gee．It's the man who lets our kids pick peaches off the tree in his front yard．It's the ladies who leave overflowing baskets for our kids on Easter．
   Jim and I agree to wait until January．This Christmas，we'll decorate our tree with Gee's ornaments，out of the box labeled in Tom's handwriting．Maybe I'll talk to him just as Gee still does．Thank you，I'll say，for teaching us what it means to be a neighbor．

（1）What can we infer from the first paragraph？
A．The kids thought little of these antique Christmas ornaments．
B．The kids were fond of these antique Christmas ornaments．
C．The kids were afraid of these antique Christmas ornaments．
D．The kids had no interest in these antique Christmas ornaments．
（2）Which of the following is true about Tom？
A．He fought a war from which the author suffered a lot．
B．He first met the author at her wedding．
C．He was an elderly man whose job was handling garbage cans．
D．He helped to handle his neighbors' garbage cans secretly．
（3）The underlined part in Paragraph 3 can probably be replaced by       ．
A．passed …down
B．gave …away
C．turned …over
D．called …off
（4）What could be the best title of this passage？
A．What Tom Did for us
B．Why we Didn't Want to Move
C．What it Really Means to Be a Neighbor
D．How Neighbors Help Each Other

共享时间:2020-03-13 难度:2 相似度:2

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202615. （2020•西安中学•一模） While many countries love their tea，UK citizens are particularly proud of being "tea people"．The average UK citizen consumes nearly 2 kilograms of tea each year．
   Tea only made its way to England in large quantities in the first years of the 17th century．Tea from China and a few other Asian countries was being sold more widely in England at that time．Then tea was getting more and more popular among different social classes．
   There are many varieties of tea．Black tea mixtures are still the most common type drunk in the UK．Black tea is dark in colour，because the leaves have been allowed to oxidize （氧化） before drying．This is why we usually serve it with milk，although it is not uncommon to drink it black or with lemon．You may still find tea made with loose tea leaves，served up in a pot，and poured into the best china cups with saucers （茶托） for visitors．
   Tea is still a large part of daily life in the UK today，but it seems to be on the decrease．The amount of tea sold in the UK fell by more than 10% in the five years leading up to 2002，and has been dropping ever since．Tea sales fell by 6% in 2014 alone，and most restaurants report selling more than twice as many cups of coffee as they do tea．More than ￡1 billion was spent on coffee in high street stores in 2013，more than twice what was spent on tea bags．
   Still， what goes around comes around；it's sure to become fashionable again．

（1）Which of the following is true according to the first three paragraphs？
A．Tea made its way to England in the early years of the 16th century．
B．The UK usually serves black tea with lemon．
C．Tea from China was being sold more widely in England now．
D．UK citizens take pride in being "tea people"．
（2）What can we infer from the fourth paragraph？
A．Tea sales fell by 6% in 2014 alone．
B．Since 2002，the sales of tea has been on the decrease．
C．In 2013，the money spent on tea was ￡3 billion．
D．Most restaurants sell more coffee than tea nowadays．
（3）What does the underlined sentence mean in the last paragraph？
A．It can never succeed again．
B．The tea can become popular again．
C．Coffee is more popular than tea．
D．The tea is becoming less popular．
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the text？
A．To introduce tea in the UK．
B．To show the author's preference for tea．
C．To introduce the functions of tea．
D．To compare tea in China and UK．

共享时间:2020-03-13 难度:2 相似度:2

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214534. （2020•西安一中•高二下期中） Friday and Saturday were full of surprises for Chinese，as two places in China were listed as UNESCO World Heritage sites．The first，a World Natural Heritage，is composed of a series of migratory bird sanctuaries（候鸟保护地）along the coast of the Yellow Sea in Yancheng，East China's Jiangsu Province．The second，the Liangzhu Archaeological Site in Hangzhou，East China's Zhejiang Province，was listed as a World Cultural Heritage site．
   China began the application process for the bird sanctuaries in 2017．It only took two years to successfully complete the process．The reason the migratory bird sanctuary application was successful is because of the special geographical category of the area．It is the largest intertidal mudflat seashore in the world．The success of this application marks the beginning of China's world natural heritage from land to sea．The migratory bird sanctuaries are the central node of the East Asian-Australasian Flyway and many endangered species，especially threatened migratory birds including red- crowned cranes and flamingos，go there to hunt for food during the migration season．The birds usually take a month to finish their migration．At about 10 days into their migration，they must stop and find food in order to have the energy to continue their journey．
   Compared to the short turnaround for the World Natural Heritage's application，the Liangzhu application was far more complicated．The application team spent six years making their dream a reality．A lot of archaeological work had to be carried out for the Liangzhu site，which means the application and assessment（评定）process takes a longer time．The site in Liangzhu is evidence of the existence of an early regional state in the lower reaches of the Yangtze River during the late Neolithic period in China，which helps fill in the gaps in the history of the rice-cultivating civilizations of China and East Asia more than 5000 years ago．The site was one of the 20th century's most important archaeological discoveries in China．
   With these two new additions，China now has 55 World Heritage sites，the highest number in the world．The successful application means greater responsibility and obligations（义务）．Protecting these places is much more important and is our future work．The new status of the migratory bird sanctuaries might boost local tourism industries but this too poses a challenge as local governments will need to control tourist volume so as not to impact the birds' migration patterns．Meanwhile，the sheer area that the Liangzhu Archaeological Site covers，some 14.3 square kilometers，makes protection a difficult issue to handle．Those workings at the site are busy constructing protective shelters for the site and even reburying certain areas to protect them from exposure．Plans are also underway to build a local museum for the storage and display of artifacts，so visitors can come and learn more about the history of the nation．

（1）What is special about the migratory bird sanctuaries？
A．It's the first China's world natural heritage on the sea．
B．It provides safe habitats for endangered species．
C．It's located along the coast of the Yellow River．
D．It supplies abundant fresh water to migratory birds．
（2）According to Paragraph 2，how do migratory bird sanctuaries protect birds？
A．By creating warm places to produce baby birds．
B．By preventing them from being killed by hunters．
C．By providing food supplies during their migration．
D．By curing the endangered birds after their journey．
（3）Why is Liangzhu chosen for the world heritage site？
A．It shows the long history of China．
B．It proves the wisdom of the people．
C．It witnesses the civilization of an age．
D．It reveals the food of the late Neolithic．
（4）What is the last paragraph mainly talking about？
A．The application success's promotion of tourism．
B．Chinese responsibilities after the successful application．
C．The two places' influence on Chinese history．
D．Chinese challenge of protecting birds' migration．

共享时间:2020-05-11 难度:2 相似度:2

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202616. （2020•西安中学•一模） Smile!It makes everyone in the room feel better because they，consciously or unconsciously，are smiling with you．Growing evidence shows that an instinct for facial mimicry （模仿） allows us to empathize with and even experience other people's feelings．If we can't mirror another person's face，it limits our ability to read and properly react to their expressions．A review of this emotional mirroring appears on February 11 in Trends in Cognitive Sciences．
   In their paper，Paula Niedenthal and Adrienne Wood，social psychologists at the University of Wisconsin，describe how people in social situations copy others' facial expressions to create emotional responses in themselves．For example，if you're with a friend who looks sad，you might "try on" that sad face yourself without realizing you're doing so．In "trying on" your friend's expression，it helps you to recognize what they're feeling by associating it with times in the past when you made that expression．Humans get this emotional meaning from facial expressions in a matter of only a few hundred milliseconds．
   "You reflect on your emotional feelings and then you generate some sort of recognition judgment，and the most important thing that results in is that you take the appropriate action - you approach the person or you avoid the person，" Niedenthal says． "Your own emotional reaction to the face changes your perception of how you see the face in such a way that provides you with more information about what it means．"
   A person's ability to recognize and "share" others' emotions can be prevented when they can't mimic faces．This is a common complaint for people with motor diseases，like facial paralysis from a stroke，or even due to nerve damage from plastic surgery．Niedenthal notes that the same would not be true for people who suffer from paralysis from birth，because if you've never had the ability to mimic facial expressions，you will have developed compensatory ways of interpreting emotions．
   People with social disorders associated with mimicry or emotion-recognition damage，like autism （自闭症），can experience similar challenges． "There are some symptoms in autism where lack of facial mimicry may in part be due to limitation of eye contact，" Niedenthal says．
   Niedenthal next wants to explore what part in the brain is functioning to help with facial expression recognition．A better understanding of that part，she says，will give us a better idea of how to treat related disorders．

（1）According to the passage，facial mimicry helps       ．
A．experience one's own feelings clearly
B．change others' emotions quickly
C．respond to others' expressions properly
D．develop friendship with others easily
（2）We can know from Paragraph 4 and 5 that       ．
A．people with motor diseases may also suffer from autism
B．people born with facial paralysis may still recognize emotions
C．people with social disorders can't have eye contact with others
D．people receiving plastic surgery have difficulty in mimicking faces
（3）According to Niedenthal，the next step of the study will focus on       ．
A．how we can treat brain disorders
B．what can be done to regain facial mimicry
C．how our brain helps us with emotional mirroring
D．what part of our brain helps recognize facial expression
（4）The passage is written to       ．
A．discuss how people react positively to others' smiles
B．draw people's attention to those with social disorders
C．introduce a new trend in facial expression recognition
D．explain how emotional mirroring affects people's empathy

共享时间:2020-03-13 难度:2 相似度:2

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202633. （2020•西安中学•四模） Do you believe that blood types can determine your personality？People in Japan take blood types very seriously，according to a recent BBC report．They have big implications for life，work and love． "What's your blood type？" is often a key question in everything from matchmaking to job applications．
   Last year，four of Japan's top 10 best-sellers were about how blood type determines personality，selling more than 5 million copies altogether．Why is it such a popular belief that they determine one's character？Taku Kabeya，chief editor，the publisher of one of the books，told The Huffington Post that he thought the appeal of these books comes from having one's self-image confirmed．Readers discover the definition of their blood type and "It's like 'Yes，that's me!'" A popular reason often given about the craze is that in a relatively homogenous （一致） society，it provides a simple framework to divide people up into easily recognizable groups． "Being the same is considered a good thing here in Japanese society，" translator Chie Kobayashi told the BBC． "But we enjoy finding little differences that distinguish people．"
   As defined by the books，type As are sensitive perfectionists and good team players，but they tend to be over-anxious．Type Os are curious and generous but stubborn，while ABs are artistic but also mysterious and unpredictable．Type Bs are cheerful，but have eccentric （怪癖的），individualistic and selfish traits （特点）．
   The beliefs surrounding blood groups have been used in unusual ways．The women's softball team that won gold for Japan at the Beijing Olympics is reported to have used blood type theories to design training for each player．Major companies reportedly make decisions about assignments based on employees' blood types，for example，in 1990 the Asahi Daily newspaper reported that Mitsubishi Electronics （日本三菱电器） had announced the creation of a team made up entirely of A workers．

（1）What is the popular belief in Japan according to the passage？
A．Being the same is considered a good thing．
B．Blood types can determine personality．
C．Happy marriage is based on personality．
D．It is fashionable to buy top 10 best-sellers．
（2）What does the underlined word craze in the second paragraph probably mean？
A．fashion
B．behavior
C．attraction
D．habit
（3）Why did Mitsubishi Electronics hire so many workers with blood type A？
A．Because they are mysterious artistic and unpredictable．
B．Because they are perfectionists，good team players．
C．Because they are curious and generous but stubborn．
D．Because they are cheerful，but have eccentric traits．
（4）This passage is likely to be selected from a book of       ．
A．medicine
B．teamwork
C．geography
D．culture

共享时间:2020-04-26 难度:2 相似度:2

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214607. （2019•西电附中•高一上期中） If you are planning on travelling，there are few simple rules about how to make life easier both before and after your journey．
   First of all，always check and doublecheck departure（出发） time．It is surprising how few people really do this carefully．Once I arrived at the airport a few minutes after ten．My secretary had got the ticket for me and I thought she had said that the plane left at 10：50．When I arrived at the airport，the person at the departure desk told me that my flight was closed．Therefore，I had to wait three hours for the next one and missed an important meeting．
   The second rule is to remember that even in this age of credit cards（信用卡），it is still important to have some local money in cash（现金）．Once I arrived at a place at midnight and the bank at the airport was closed．The only way to get to my hotel was by taxi but because I had no dollars，I offered to pay in pounds instead． "Listen!I only take real money!" the driver said angrily．You can image how terrible I felt at that moment．
   The third and the last rule is to find out as much as you can about the weather at your destination before you leave．I feel sorry for some of my workmates who travel in heavy suits and raincoats in May，when it is still fairly cool in London or Manchester，to places like Athens，Rome or Madrid，where it is already beginning to get quite warm during the day．

（1）Where is the writer most probably from？
A．Britain
B．The USA
C．Italy
D．Greece
（2）When the writer found he had no dollars to pay the taxi driver，he        ．
A．asked the driver to give him a free ride
B．offered to pay in pounds
C．gave the driver some fake（假的）money
D．tried to pay by credit card
（3）Generally，in May the weather in London is        ．
A．warm and dry
B．cold and dry
C．hot and wet
D．cool and rainy

共享时间:2019-11-17 难度:2 相似度:2

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203806. （2024•周至四中•高一上期末） It was a village in India．The people were poor．However，they were not unhappy．After all，their forefathers had lived in the same way for centuries．
   Then one day，some visitors from the city arrived．They told the villagers there were some people elsewhere who liked to eat frog's legs．However，they did not have enough frogs of their own，and so they wanted to buy frogs from other places．
   This seemed like money for nothing．There were millions of frogs in the fields around，and they were no use to the villagers．All they had to do was catch them．Agreement was reached，and the children were sent into the fields to catch frogs．Every week a truck arrived to collect the catch and hand over the money．For the first time，the people were able to dream of a better future．But the dream didn't last long．
   The change was hardly noticed at first，but it seemed as if the crops were not doing so well．More worrying was that the children fell ill more often，and，there seemed to be more insects around lately．
   The villagers decided that they couldn't just wait to see the crops failing and the children getting weak．They would have to use the money earned to buy pesticides （杀虫剂） and medicines．Soon there was no money left．
   Then the people realized what was happening．It was the frog．They hadn't been useless．They had been doing an important job-eating insects．Now with so many frogs killed，the insects were increasing more rapidly．They were damaging the crops and spreading diseases．
   Now，the people are still poor．But in the evenings they sit in the village square and listen to sounds of insects and frogs．These sounds of the night now have a much deeper meaning．

（1）From Paragraph 1，we learn that the villagers       ．
A．worked very hard for centuries
B．dreamed of having a better life
C．were poor but somewhat content
D．lived a different life from their forefathers
（2）Why did the villagers agree to sell frogs？
A．The frogs were easy money．
B．They needed money to buy medicine．
C．They wanted to please the visitors．
D．The frogs made too much noise．
（3）What might be the cause of the children's sickness？
A．The crops didn't do well．
B．There were too many insects．
C．The visitors brought in diseases．
D．The pesticides were overused．
（4）What can we infer from the last sentence of the text？
A．Happiness comes from peaceful life in the country．
B．Health is more important than money．
C．The harmony between man and nature is important．
D．Good old days will never be forgotten．

共享时间:2024-02-09 难度:2 相似度:2

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214609. （2019•西电附中•高一上期中） When it comes to learning a foreign language，many people wonder if they will be able to memorize enough vocabulary．But this question never happens about their mother tongue，and yet，it was a foreign language once．However，among all the questions that new parents ask，no doctor has ever heard： "Will my baby be able to learn my language？" Be honest，do you know all the words of your mother tongue？The answer is： "no"．
   New words，and new ways of using old words，appear every day．Twenty years ago，who could have been able to understand a sentence like this： "Click here to download your digital book．"？Nobody．You never stop learning new vocabulary and you never know how long you will need it．
   Sometimes，you have the word on the tip of your tongue…and it sticks there!But you do know this phenomenon（现象） and don't think that it is because of a bad memory．You should not give this phenomenon more importance in the language you are learning than in your mother tongue．
   You need to learn only 2000 or so basic words to be able to create any phrase you need．You can't avoid some work in order to learn these necessary words and all the more if you want to learn quickly．And before you consider buying into any method，be sure it is right for you．It is not wise to depend on any method based upon mnemonics（记忆群）．The first few words seem very easy to learn，so you buy the course，but then you discover quickly，though too late，that a dozen words later，it is all the more difficult to learn a new word when you have also to learn the trick to memorize it．

（1）From the first paragraph，we can infer that       ．
A．there is no need to know all the words of a foreign language
B．it is honest to answer "no" to a question you don't know
C．a baby can know all the new words of its mother tongue
D．people find it hard to memorize vocabulary of their language
（2）To learn a foreign language，the author advises you       ．
A．to remember new words appearing every day
B．to keep up with new ways of using old words
C．to learn at least 2，000 necessary words
D．to pay more attention to your bad memory
（3）The author's attitude to mnemonics is       ．
A．supportive
B．neutral
C．opponent
D．indifferent
（4）The passage is mainly about       ．
A．using old words in a new way
B．learning new words from the context
C．finding a method to memorize vocabulary
D．learning vocabulary of a foreign language

共享时间:2019-11-17 难度:2 相似度:2

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204375. （2023•铁一中学•高三上期末） Leftover again？Hurray Here's the deal：You're as hungry as a horse and you want a delicious meal from a fine restaurant，but you're a little low on funds．
   So what do you do？If you happen to live in Europe，the answer is as easy as pie：You pull out your smartphone or tablet，and tap Too Good To Go，Europe's most popular app．Approximately 23，000 restaurants and food sellers post their leftover offerings on the app for half their usual cost．
   Why all this incredible generosity？Unbelievably，one-third of the world's food is thrown away，and nearly one billion people don't have enough to eat．Besides，burning wasted food releases harmful carbon dioxide emission into the atmosphere，which contributes to climate change．That's why environment-minded companies around the world are creating apps for phones，tablets，and other smart devices that connect uneaten food with people who want or need it．
   After a long day at work，Anne，a 34-year-old student，pulls out her smartphone and chooses a noodle dish-pasta with mushrooms．Then she heads to a restaurant on the banks of the Spree River，where the owner packs her dinner and also offers her a scoop of free ice cream，which is a reward for bringing her own container．
   Indeed，there are many programs serving the same mission around the world．In America，people are using an app called Food for All．One hour before a restaurant closes，its staff can post leftover meals to the app for up to 80 percent off menu prices．The app also allows customers to donate leftover meals to others．
   In the Netherlands，77，000 people have downloaded an app called NoFoodWasted．This program allows grocery store workers to share products that are approaching their expiration dates with customers who might need them．
   Some countries are taking their commitment to reducing food waste a step further．France and the Czech Republic，for example，have laws that prohibit restaurants and grocery stores from throwing away food．Instead，workers are required to donate that food to charity．
    So think about if there might be a better use for your uneaten vegetables．The planet will thank you．

（1）What is this passage mainly about？
A．Restaurants can post leftover meals on the app Food for All．
B．Apps are designed connecting leftover food with people in need．
C．Storeare food approaching their expiration dates with customers．
D．It's popular for people to claim food that might otherwise be thrown away．
（2）What is the result when lots of food is thrown out and later burned up？
A．Carbon dioxide is given off，worsening the problem of climate change．
B．Some countries have laws making restaurants donate the food they make．
C．Governments have made many apps that let people find cheap meals．
D．Nearly one billion people on the planet do not get enough food to eat．
（3）What can you infer from the passage？
A．Anne packed a tasty pasta and mushroom dish to give away to charity．
B．The restaurant Anne visits sells its leftover food at a discount each day．
C．The 80-percent-off deal offered on app is not available during lunch hours．
D．Laws have been passed to prevent restaurants from throwing out leftover food．
（4）This passage would be most useful for a student research project on       ．
A．application of technology to help solve the problem of leftover food
B．laws to help promote the safe transportation and sale of food products
C．restaurants using high-tech solutions to reduce packaging waste
D．methods to design apps that connect restaurants with customers

共享时间:2023-02-20 难度:2 相似度:2

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202653. （2020•西安中学•三模） Perhaps it is time for farmers to put their feet up now because robots are used to inspect crops，dig up weeds，and even have become shepherds，too．Commercial growing fields are astronomically huge and take thousands of many hours to operate．One prime example is one of Australia's most isolated cattle stations，Suplejack Downs in the Northern Territory，extending across 4，000 square kilometers，taking over 13 hours to reach by car from the nearest major town - Alice Springs．
   The extreme isolation of these massive farms leaves them often unattended，and monitored only once or twice a year，which means if the livestock （家畜） falls ill or requires assistance，it can be a long time for farmers to discover．
   However，robots are coming to the rescue．Robots are currently under a two-year trial in Wales which will train "farmbots" to herd，monitor the health of livestock，and make sure there is enough pasture （牧草地） for them to graze on．The robots are equipped with many sensors to identify conditions of the environment，cattle and food，using thermal and vision sensors that detect changes in body temperature．
   During the trials，the robot algorithms and mechanics will be fine-tuned to make it better suited to ailing livestock and ensure it safely navigates around potential hazards including trees，mud，swamps，and hills．
   "We want to improve the quality of animal health and make it easier for farmers to maintain large landscapes where animals roam free，" says Salah Sukkarieh of the University of Sydney，who will carry out trials on several farms in central New South Wales．
   The robots are not limited to herding and monitoring livestock．They have been created to count individual fruit，inspect crops，and even pull weeds．
   Many robots are equipped with high-tech sensors and complex learning algorithms to avoid injuring humans as they work side by side．The robots also learn the most efficient and safest passages，and allow engineers and farmers to analyze and better optimize （优化） the performances and tasks of the robot，as well as provide a live stream giving real-time feedback on exactly what is happening on the farms．
   Of course，some worry lies in replacing agricultural workers．However，it is farmers that are pushing for the advancements due to ever-increasing labor vacancies （空缺），making it difficult to maintain large-scale operations．
   The robots have provided major benefits to farmers in various ways，from hunting and pulling weeds to monitoring the condition of every single fruit．Future farms will likely experience a greater deal of autonomy as robots take up more and more farm work efficiently．

（1）What will "farmbots" be expected to do？
A．Take up many of the farmers' routines．
B．Provide medical treatments for livestock．
C．Lead the trend in farming the world over．
D．Improve the quality of pastures for grazing．
（2）What can robots do when equipped with high-tech sensors and complex learning algorithms？
A．Help farmers choose the most efficient and safest passages．
B．Help farmers simplify their farming tasks and management．
C．Allow farmers to learn instantly what is occurring on the farm．
D．Allow farmers to give them real-time instructions on what to do．
（3）Why are farmers pressing for robotic farming？
A．Farming costs are fast increasing．
B．Robotics technology is maturing．
C．Robotic fanning is the trend．
D．Labor shortage is worsening．
（4）What does the author think future farms will be like？
A．More and more automated．
B．More and more productive．
C．Larger and larger in scale．
D．Better and better in condition．

共享时间:2020-04-14 难度:2 相似度:2

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202654. （2020•西安中学•三模） It happens from time to time that after a whole morning of studying，you are tired in the afternoon．It's then that you might want to eat something sweet，perhaps a Coke or a chocolate bar，to lift your mood．After all it's popularly believed that a "sugar rush" gives us energy．
   But a study published in Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews in April suggests that sugar can make us feel worse rather than boost our moods．
   The German and UK researchers collected data from 31 studies involving nearly 1，300 adults．They studied the effect of sugar on various aspects of mood，including anger，alertness，depression and tiredness．
   They found that people who have too much sugar become more tired and less alert within an hour and that these feelings become more intense over time．
   According to the researchers，when people take in sugar their blood sugar levels rise rapidly，leading to a burst of energy and a short "feel good" period．However，as they begin to digest the sugar，their blood sugar levels decrease quickly leading to a bad feeling．
   To remain on a "high" people are likely to eat more and more sugar until they become addicted to it．As with caffeine，this prevents the body from relaxing，leaving people feeling tired and less alert．
   But the study findings needn't make us think we must give up sweet food altogether．According to the World Health Organization，it is healthy to have the sugars found naturally in fruit，vegetables and milk so long as these make up less than 5 percent of daily total energy intake．
   So the next time you feel tired and can't concentrate，perhaps you should think twice before you bite into a chocolate bar．Maybe a spot of exercise at midday would be a better idea!
   Tips for beating afternoon fatigue．
   ? Head outside and sit in the daylight for 10 minutes．
   ? Get into the routine of a mid-afternoon cup of tea．
    ? Plan group activities for midday．
   ? Add variety to your routine

（1）What does the underlined word "boost" in Paragraph 2 probably mean？
A．harm
B．improve
C．control
D．change
（2）How did the people feel after they had sugar in the study？
A．They felt more tired．
B．They felt relaxed．
C．They were more alert．
D．They felt energetic．
（3）What do we learn from Paragraphs 5-6？
A．Our mood is connected to our blood sugar levels．
B．Taking in more sugar benefits mental health．
C．Getting caffeine is another way to relax．
D．Sugar and caffeine are all the same．
（4）What would the author suggest people do when they are tired？
A．Give up sweet food．
B．Have a bar of chocolate．
C．Do an hour of exercise．
D．Eat foods with natural sugars．

共享时间:2020-04-14 难度:2 相似度:2

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214413. （2020•西安中学•高一下期中） "Farm to table" is the name of a movement that encourages people to eat locally grown food．The farm-to-table idea has become more popular in recent years．But there is also a movement that brings "table to farm"．Its purpose is to connect people to the land and to honor local farmers by creating a sort of restaurant without walls．
   Its founder，Jim Denevan，got the idea for this kind of "culinary adventure （美食探险）"，as he called it，ten years ago．He recently prepared tables for more than a hundred people at Briars Farm in Virginia．He and his eight-member team arrived the night before．Chefsfrom a local restaurant prepared the dinner．
   Jim Denevan's brother is a farmer and he himself is a chef．He thought that the idea of a meal served right on the farm made sense，though not everyone agreed．
   "But I wanted to make the idea work，so I decided to cross the country， " said Denevan． "I went all the way across the United States and set the table on farms，ranches and beaches，and all the places where food came from． "
   "This kind of event connects us with a lot of enthusiastic people，people that we can form relationships with， " said Matt Szechenyi，who operates Briars Farm．The tour of the farm ends at the dinner table．The meats in the meal come from Matt Szechenyi's farm．The vegetables come from nearby farms．Guests and local farmers sit together．
   Annoica Ingram came with a friend． "The food is wonderful．I appreciate their hard work．I see everything they have to do to take care of the animals and make sure they are well-cared-for．Without them，I think，we'll have big problems， " she said．

（1）What is the main purpose of the movement "table to farm"？
A．To provide people with healthy food．
B．To honor farmers for their hard work．
C．To help farmers earn more money．
D．To encourage people to work less and practice more．
（2）Members of the movement "table to farm" will probably not       ．
A．build restaurants for farmers
B．walk around the farms
C．communicate with farmers
D．make new friends
（3）Annoica's attitude towards farmers' work is       ．
A．worried
B．doubtful
C．grateful
D．supportive
（4）What kind of writing is the passage likely to be？
A．A travel guide．
B．Popular science．
C．A diary．
D．A news report．

共享时间:2020-05-24 难度:2 相似度:2

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202690. （2020•西安中学•二模） A disastrous fire surrounded Notre Dame completely destroyed large parts of the Gothic architecture on Monday．
   "Notre Dame is our history，our literature；part of our spirit，the place of all our great events，our wars，our liberations，the center of our lives" French President Emmanuel Macron told reporters in front of the still burning Paris landmark and promised to rebuild Notre Dame Cathedral．
   "Notre Dame is burning，and I know the sadness and this tremble felt by so many fellow French people．But tonight，I'd like to speak of hope too，" he said，announcing the launch of a fundraising campaign．
   "Let's be proud，because we built this cathedral more than 800 years ago，we've built it and，throughout the centuries，let it grow and improve it．So I gravely say tonight：we will rebuild it together，" he added．
   The disastrous fire engulfed the upper reaches of Paris' towering Notre Dame Cathedral as it was undergoing renovations．Tourists and Parisians looked on horrified from the streets below．France's Interior Ministry said firefighters might not be able to save the structure．
   The fire collapsed the cathedral's spire and spread to one of its landmark towers． "Everything is burning；nothing will remain from the frame，" Notre Dame spokesman Andre Finot told French media．The 12th-century cathedral is home to incalculable works of art and is one of the world's most famous tourist attractions， immortalized by Victor Hugo's 1831 novel The Hunchback of Notre Dame．
   The cause of the fire was not known，but French media quoted the Paris fire brigade as saying the fire is "potentially linked" to a 6 million-euro （＄6.88 million） renovation project on the church's spire and its 250 tons of lead．Officials opened an investigation as Paris police said there were no reported deaths．Some 400 firefighters were battling the fire well into the night．

（1）What Emmanuel Macron said mainly shows that        ．
A．Notre Dame was the symbol of Paris in history
B．the French government are going to rebuild Notre Dame
C．it took more than 800 years to build Notre Dame
D．he was desperate when he made the announcement
（2）Which of the following is true according to the text？
A．Notre Dame Cathedral was burnt down entirely．
B．The structure was well saved by the firefighters．
C．People who were killed in the fire are some firefighters．
D．The fire was likely caused by a renovation project on the church's spire．
（3）What does the underlined part probably mean？
A．The novel made the cathedral famous．
B．The cathedral is repeatedly mentioned in the novel．
C．The novel became a bestseller thanks to the cathedral．
D．The novel became more mysterious due to the cathedral．
（4）What is the tone of the author in writing the article？
A．Disappointed．
B．Humorous．
C．Matter-of-fact．
D．Critical．

共享时间:2020-03-30 难度:2 相似度:2

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213627. （2023•蓝田县•高二下期中） Imagine being handed a fake（假的）pill by your doctor to treat an illness．You would be pretty mad if you found out the pill was not a real medication，wouldn't you？Better yet，imagine the doctor tells you the pill is fake．At that point，you'd probably question whether the doctor even knows his staff at all．But wait，there's more to the story．
   Ted Kaptchuk of Harvard University conducted an experiment to help treat irritable bowel syndrome（肠过敏性综合征）pain in 2010，in which he clearly marked the patients' pills as "placebo"（安慰剂），or fake．Unbelievably，the group that was aware that it was receiving the placebo reported significant improvement in their condition．
   Many of you probably know about the placebo effect．It's the idea that giving patients an ineffective treatment -such as a sugar pill-for their condition might actually produce beneficial effects．
   Why does it work？We don't really know．One theory is that the placebo causes your brain to have a response that flows down to other parts of the body．Placebos presented as stimulants（兴奋剂）tend to increase the heart rate and blood pressure，and those presented as depressants do the opposite．
   In fact，the placebo effect can be compared to the experience of watching a horror movie．Although you know that what you're seeing isn't actually real，you most likely experience some pretty real effects such as increase in the heart rate and sweating．
   Kaptchuk's work differed from the traditional placebo effect，in that he told the patients that the pill they were receiving was not real medicine．When the patients have this knowledge，the term "open-label placebo" is used．The resulting improvement' proved that in many cases，patients don't need to be tricked in order for the desired effects of a placebo to take place．In fact，the fake medication helped some patients so much that they requested additional pills after the experiment was over．
   Of course，the natural question is：was this an extraordinary medical phenomenon，or just plain luck？That's why Kaptchuk and his team are attempting to do a seven-week trial before introducing the results to cancer survivors to treat severe tiredness caused by the aftereffects of the disease．

（1）The first paragraph of the article implies that       ．
A．doctors have poor medical ethics
B．fake medicines are sold in hospitals
C．patients don't really trust doctors
D．we may have a wrong idea of fake pills
（2）According to the passage，"the placebo effect" refers to the idea of       ．
A．taking fake pills to feel much better
B．using sugar pills to treat the patients
C．benefiting patients with real medicines
D．treating patients in an ineffective way
（3）What is the writer going to discuss next？
A．Why does the placebo effect work in real life？
B．How will they carry out the seven-week trial？
C．Will a fake medication really exist in the world？
D．Are patients being totally treated with fake pills？

共享时间:2023-05-22 难度:2 相似度:2

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dygzyyyn

2023-05-20

高中英语 | 高二下 | 阅读理解

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