捕获的提炼金属

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205227. （2021•长安区一中•高二上期末） Captured（捕获的）carbon dioxide（CO₂）could be used to extract（提炼）useful metals（金属）from recycled technology such as smartphone batteries rather than just being buried underground.The technique could help make it more economical to capture the greenhouse gas before it enters the atmosphere.
   "If you also extract metals by filling CO₂，you add value to a process that is known to be costly，" says Julien Leclaire at the University of Lyon，France.
   CO₂ is the main cause of modern climate change，so many people have attempted to develop technologies to capture it when it comes from power plants and other major sources.The gas can then be stored underground.The problem is that such carbon capture and storage（CCS）is expensive."No one wants to pay the price for it，" says Leclaire.
   To make CCS more appealing，Leclaire's team has found a use for the gas.
   His team collected CO₂ from a car gas，cooledit，then pumped it into a mix of chemicals.
   The CO₂combined with the mix to make many molecules（分子）of variouapes and sizes.
   The team found that this process could sort out mixtures of metals，because one metal would dissolve（溶解）in the liquid while another would form a solid.In a series of experiments，they successfully separated three kinds of metals-all of which are used in batteries，smart phones and computers.
   If the process can be widely used，it could be a more environmentally friendly way to recycle batteries and other electrical equipment，says Leclaire.This is normally done using highly reactive chemicals，which are potentially polluting.Replacing them with CO₂ should lead to a much lower environmental pollution，he says.
   Other researchers and companies are trying to change captured CO₂ into useful materials like plastics，which are normally produced from petrol，but this is chemically difficult.Leclaire says his approach is more inline with how CO₂ behaves naturally."Instead of copying what we know how to do better and cheaper with oil，let's find things you can only do with CO₂，" he says.

（1）What can we learn from the first paragraph？
A．Extracting useful metals from recycled technology is widely used now.
B．Useful metals in the atmosphere are used to make smart phone batteries.
C．Abandoned smart phone batteries may have been buried underground before.
D．The greenhouse gas CO₂ could be cleaned up after entering the atmosphere.
（2）Why are many people attempting to capture CO₂？
A．CO₂ is the main cause of modern climate change.
B．CO₂ can be used to recycle many resources.
C．Captured CO₂ can be changed to useful gas.
D．CO₂ is harmful to people's health.
（3）What benefit could Leclaire's team's approach bring？
A．It could end the use of plastics.
B．It could reduce environmental pollution.
C．It could make more metals available to humans.
D．It could help reduce the cost of battery production.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．The Ways to Make Smart phone Batteries
B．The Reason for Capturing Greenhouse Gas
C．Collecting CO₂ Is Starting to Make New Progress
D．Captured CO₂ Could Be Used to Help Recycle Useful Metals

共享时间:2021-02-07 难度:1

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CABD

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（1）C.推理判断题。根据第一段Captured（捕获的）carbon dioxide（CO₂）could be used to extract（提炼）useful metals（金属）from recycled technology such as smartphone batteries rather than just being buried underground.（捕获的二氧化碳可用于从智能手机电池等回收技术中提取有用的金属，而不仅仅是埋在地下。）可知，废弃的智能手机电池以前可能埋在地下，故选C.
（2）A.细节理解题。根据第三段CO₂ is the main cause of modern climate change，so many people have attempted to develop technologies to capture it when it comes from power plants and other major sources.（二氧化碳是现代气候变化的主要原因，因此许多人试图开发技术来捕获来自发电厂和其他主要来源的二氧化碳）可知，很多人试图捕获二氧化碳，因为二氧化碳是现代气候变化的主要原因，故选A.
（3）B.细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的This is normally done using highly reactive chemicals，which are potentially polluting.Replacing them with CO₂should lead to a much lower environmental pollution，he says.（这通常是通过使用高活性的化学物质来实现的，这些化学物质具有潜在的污染，他说用二氧化碳取代它们应该会大大降低环境污染）可知，该团队的办法将会极大的减少环境污染，故选B.
（4）D.标题归纳题。根据第一段Captured（捕获的）carbon dioxide（CO₂）could be used to extract（提炼）useful metals（金属）from recycled technology such as smartphone batteries rather than just being buried underground.The technique could help make it more economical to capture the greenhouse gas before it enters the atmosphere.（捕获的二氧化碳可用于从回收技术（如智能手机电池）中提取有用的金属，而不仅仅是埋在地下。这项技术有助于在温室气体进入大气层之前更经济地捕获它们）可知，文章主要讲述了法国里昂大学Leclaire和他的团队发现了捕捉到的二氧化碳的一个用处就是区分金属混合物，使得回收电池和其他设备更环保，大大降低环境污染。选项D.Captured CO₂Could Be Used to Help Recycle Useful Metals﹣捕获的二氧化碳可以用来帮助回收有用的金属，符合文意，故选D.

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203409. （2016•西工大附中•七模） More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence．Wayne Meisel，director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minnesota University，said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves．In these circumstances，he said，young people lack confidence，which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything．In spite of the different conditions in China，Li Xuequan，director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation，said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation and corruption．In order to solve these problems，the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people，as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society．Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of"challenge to youth"to many young people，urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry，housing the homeless，caring for the lonely and sick，serving the elderly and preserving the environment．The letter says："Through the service，we touch the lives of others and enrich our own．"

（1）What is the main factor that leads to young people's lack of confidence in both countries？
A．Their education
B．Their laziness
C．Economic pressure
D．Part-time jobs
（2）What was the possible situation in the 1960s？
A．Young people lacked confidence as well．
B．Young people were quite confident in America．
C．Young people in America were able to do anything well．
D．Young Chinese people were very confident．
（3）The passage is mainly about         in the two countries．
A．lack of confidence of the young people
B．problems of the young people and ways to solve them
C．approaches to touching the lives of others
D．challenges for the young people

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:2

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204904. （2022•雁塔二中•高二下期末） California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s，according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor（因素）.
   The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 percent on more than 46，000 square miles of California forests，the new study finds.No area was spared or unaffected，from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.In the Sierra high country，the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent；in parts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.
   Many factors contributed to the decline，said Patrick McIntyre，an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.Woodcutters targeted big trees.Housing development pushed into the woods.Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources（资源）.
   But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010，McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protected from woodcutting or development.
   The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed，taking into account such things as rainfall，air temperature，dampness of soil，and the timing of snowmelt （融雪）.
   Since the 1930s，McIntyre said，the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures，which cause trees to lose more water to the air，and earlier snowmelt，which reduces the water supply available to trees during the dry season.

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A．The seriousness of big-tree loss in California.
B．The increasing variety of California big trees.
C．The distribution of big trees in California forests.
D．The influence of farming on big trees in California.
（2）Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees？
A．Ecological studies of forests.
B．Banning woodcutting.
C．Limiting housing development.
D．Fire control measures.
（3）What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre？
A．Inadequate snowmelt.
B．A longer dry season.
C．A warmer climate.
D．Dampness of the air.
（4）What can be a suitable title for the text？
A．California's Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone？
B．Cutting of Big Trees to Be Prohibited in California Soon
C．Why Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests？
D．Patrick McIntyre：Grow More Big Trees in California

共享时间:2022-07-14 难度:1 相似度:2

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205003. （2022•临潼区•高一下期末） Standing in my office 25 years ago was an unknown young astronomer with a half-smile on her face.She had come with an impossible request that my team modify（修改）our thoroughly tested software to make one of our most important scientific instruments do something it had never been designed for and risk breaking it.All to carry out an experiment that was basically a waste of time and couldn't be done—prove that a massive black hole lay at the center of our Milky Way.
   My initial "no way" gradually gave way in the face of her cheerful but firm determination.Andrea Ghez，one of three winners of this year's Nobel Prize in Physics，impressed me with her work on providing solid evidence of a supermassive black hole with the mass of four million suns living at the center of the Milky Way galaxy.
   That determination and the willingness to take calculated risks has always characterized Andrea.For 25 yeare has focused almost completely on Sagittarius A-the name of our own local supermassive black hole.It is remarkable that an entire field of study has grown up in the quarter century，of searching for and finding evidence of these monsters thought to lie at the heart of every large galaxy.
   Andrea did her work at the W.M.Keck Observatory's（天文台）twin telescopes on Maunakea，Hawaii，in the calm and clear air almost 14000 feet above the Pacific Ocean.She started using the very first instrument fixed on Keck Observatory's Near Infrared Camera（NIRC），now gracing the lobby（大厅）at our headquarters.
   Andrea is fond of pointing out that one of the reasons for her success has been this tight and rapid loop（循环）between the needs of the astronomers and the engineers who responded to the challenge.
   This is my friend and longtime colleague，the one who refused to take "no" for an answer：Andrea Ghez，winner of the 2020 Nobel Prize in Physics.

（1）Which words best describe Andrea Ghez？
A．Confident and adaptable.
B．Determined and creative.
C．Brave and kind.
D．Cooperative and generous.
（2）What is the passage mainly about？
A．The Noble Prize for physics.
B．How Andrea won the Nobel.
C．Friendship between colleagues.
D．What makes Andrea different.
（3）What does the underlined word "gracing" in Paragraph 4 mean？
A．Bringing honour to.
B．Being kind enough to attend.
C．Moving in a smooth way.
D．Advancing the level.
（4）From which is the text probably taken？
A．A research paper.
B．A science fiction.
C．A website about scientists.
D．A fashion magazine.

共享时间:2022-07-19 难度:1 相似度:2

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202673. （2020•西安中学•三模） Even though vaccination（接种疫苗） is a powerful defense against disease，some voices are against it．In a recent letter，the American Medical Association（AMA） urged big social media including Amazon，Facebook and Google to take action to defend medical science on their platforms．
   It said that vaccine-preventable diseases that do harm to the public health like measles（麻疹） are on the rise．Measles cases worldwide jumped more than 30% in 2017 compared to 2016，with the largest increases seen among nations in the Americas，Europe and the Eastern Mediterranean．Vaccine-preventable diseases are increasing largely because many people are unwilling to get vaccinated．And some of these people even encourage others to refuse vaccination．So this year，the World Health Organization （WHO） declared the anti-vaccination movement a top-10 health threat．
   "Vaccination is one of the most cost-effective ways of avoiding disease - it currently prevents 2-3 million deaths a year，and a further 15 million could be avoided if global coverage of vaccinations improved，" WHO said．
   A research article published in 1998 in a medical journal suggested a link between a vaccine and the development of autism（自闭症） in young children．Although the research has been suspected and many other studies have proved that vaccinations do not cause autism，the article is still impressing people strongly today．Another reason for the growth in the anti-vaccination movement is widespread misinformation on social media，which can turn people against vaccination．If a concerned parent consistently sees information in their Newsfeed that casts doubt on the safety of vaccines，it could cause them to disregard the advice of their children's physicians and public health experts and refuse to follow the recommended vaccination schedule．So access to true information about vaccine safety is badly needed．

（1）What does the AMA require social media to do on their platforms？
A．Unite to develop new vaccines．
B．Stop vaccine misinformation．
C．Give up the anti-vaccination movement．
D．Introduce vaccine-preventable diseases．
（2）Why does the author mention the measles cases？
A．To declare measles can be prevented．
B．To prove vaccination doesn't work well．
C．To show the result of anti-vaccination．
D．To explain the reason for avoiding vaccination．
（3）Which of the following DOESN'T play a role in the anti-vaccination movement？
A．The costs of vaccination．
B．People's concerns over vaccine safety．
C．A research relating vaccination to autism．
D．Misinformation spread on social media platforms．
（4）What is the author's attitude towards vaccination？
A．Doubtful
B．Ambiguous
C．Positive
D．Negative

共享时间:2020-04-08 难度:1 相似度:2

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202635. （2020•西安中学•四模） In the early days of sea travel，seamen on long voyages lived exclusively on salted meat and biscuits．Many of them died of scurvy （坏血病），a disease of the blood which causes swollen gums （牙龈），livid white spots on the flesh and general exhaustion．On one occasion，in 1535，an English ship arrived in Newfoundland with its crew desperately ill．The men's lives were saved by Iroquois Indians who gave them vegetable leaves to eat．Gradually it came to be realized that scurvy was caused by some lack in the sailors' diet and Captain Cook，on his long voyages of discovery to Australia and New Zealand，established the fact that scurvy could be prevented by the supply of fresh fruit for the sailors．
   Nowadays it is understood that a diet which contains nothing harmful may yet result in serious disease if certain important elements are missing．These elements are called "vitamins"．Quite a number of such substances are known and they are given letters to identify them，A，B，C，D，and so on．Different diseases are associated with shortages of particular vitamins．Even a slight lack of Vitamin C，for example，the vitamin most plentiful in fresh fruit and vegetables，is thought to increase significantly our susceptibility （敏感度） to colds and influenza．
   The vitamins necessary for a healthy body are normally supplied by a good mixed diet，including a variety of fruit and green vegetables．It is only when people try to live on a very restricted diet，say during extended periods of religious fasting （斋戒），or when trying to lose weight，that it is necessary to make special supply to make up for the missing vitamins．

（1）Scurvy is a disease that is caused by       ．
A．salted meat and biscuits
B．exhaustion
C．lack of some essential substances
D．need of fresh vegetables and fruits
（2）To avoid such disease as scurvy，it's better for us       ．
A．not to eat much salted meat
B．to supply our diet with various vitamin pills
C．to have more fresh fruit and vegetables
D．to develop a good dietary habit
（3）Based on the passage we can safely conclude that if our diet is not comprehensive enough，       ．
A．vitamin pills are of no use
B．nutritious food might be unhealthy
C．vegetable leaves can be a good treatment
D．religious fasting may help out a lot
（4）Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea of the passage？
A．Shortages of Vitamin C may cause serious diseases．
B．Fresh fruit and green vegetables contain enough nutrition that is necessary for a healthy body．
C．Vitamins play a vitally important role in people's health．
D．A good mixed diet normally supplies sufficient vitamins for us．

共享时间:2020-04-26 难度:1 相似度:2

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204981. （2022•铁路中学•高二上期末） A device that stops drivers from falling asleep at the wheel is about to undergo testing at Department of Transport laboratories and could go on sale within 12 months.
   The system，called Driver Alert，aims to reduce deadly road accidents by 20%-40% that are caused by tiredness.Airline pilots can also use it to reduce the 30% of all pilot-error accidents that are related to fatigue.
   Driver Alert is based on a computerized wristband（腕带）.The device，worn by drivers or pilots gives out a sound about every four minutes during a car journey.After each sound the driver must respond by squeezing the steering wheel（方向盘）.A sensor in the wristband detects this pressing action and measures the time between the sound and the driver's response.
   Tiredness is directly related to a driver's response time.Usually，a watchful driver would use about 400 milliseconds to respond，but once that falls to more than 500 milliseconds，it suggests that the driver is getting sleepy.
   In such cases the device gives out more regular and louder sounds，showing that the driver should open a window or stop for a rest.If the driver's response continues to slow down，the sounds become more frequent until a nonstop alarm warns that the driver must stop as soon as possible.
   The device has been delivered to the department's laboratories for testing.If these tests，scheduled for six months' time，are successful，the makers will bring the product to market within about a year.

（1）Driver Alert is a device that can         .
A．keep drivers asleep
B．change drivers' response accuracy
C．reduce the possibility of accidents
D．protect drivers when accidents happen
（2）What does the underlined word "fatigue" in Paragraph 2 mean？
A．Illness.
B．Tiredness.
C．Carelessness.
D．Impoliteness.
（3）How does Driver Alert work？
A．By being used as a nonstop alarm all the time.
B．By squeezing the steering wheel on the way.
C．By reminding or warning drivers if necessary.
D．By being worn on drivers' hands every moment.
（4）What do we know about Driver Alert？
A．It must be fixed on the driver's cars.
B．It aims to prevent drivers from sleeping.
C．It has gone through testing at laboratories.
D．It isn't available to drivers at the moment.

共享时间:2022-02-07 难度:1 相似度:2

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204961. （2022•阎良区•高二上期末） What makes a human being？Is it our thoughts？Our emotions？Our behavior？All of these things make us who we are，but at the center of the matter is the genome（基因组）-the genes inside our bodies that may determine everything from our hair colour to our intelligence.But if we could change our genome，what would it mean to us？
   In an online video posted on Nov 26，He Jiankui，a biological researcher from Southern University of Science and Technology in China，said that he had helped to make the world's first genetically edited babies.
   These are twin girls，born in November，with genes edited in an attempt to help them fight against possible future infection with the AIDS virus.
   He said that he chose to do this because HIV infections are a big problem in China. "I feel such a strong responsibility that it's not just to make a first，but also to set an example，" he told the Associated Press（AP）.
   The announcement has caused an international storm.Some believe that success will benefit the families of HIV patients.Considering that HIV is "a major and growing public health threat，" attempted gene editing for HIV is justifiable，Harvard Medical School genetics professor George Church told AP.
   However，others think that gene editing technology is still unsafe to attempt.
   "Gene editing itself is experimental and is still associated with unexpected mutations（突变），causing genetic problems early and later in life，including the development of cancer，" Julian Savuleseu，a specialist in ethics at the University of Oxford，told BBC News.
   Others fear that this could open the door to using gene editing technology to make designer babies.It might give the parents the choices to choose everything from their baby's eye color to intelligence.
   "You could find wealthy parents buying the latest upgrades for their children，leading to even greater inequality than we already live with，" Marcy Darnovsky，director of the San Francisco Center for Genetics，told BBC News.

（1）Why did He Jiankui make the genetically edited babies？
A．Because he wanted to be a leader in gene editing technology.
B．Because he tried to do his part in fighting against HIV infection.
C．Because he attempted to help the twin girls who were infected with AIDS.
D．Because he wanted to become the first to make the genetically edited babies in the world.
（2）What does the underlined word "justifiable" in Paragraph 5 probably mean？
A．Absurd.
B．Hopeless.
C．Skilful.
D．Acceptable.
（3）For those who are against gene editing technology，their reasons are as follows EXCEPT        .
A．Gene editing can determine everything inside a person's body
B．Gene editing may widen the gap between the rich and the poor
C．Gene editing may enable wealthy parents to design their babies
D．Gene editing can cause genetic problems sooner or later in life
（4）Which of the following might be the best title of the passage？
A．Gene Editing：The Genie in the Bottle.
B．Gene Editing：The Way We Should Go.
C．Gene Editing：Hope or Fear for Human Beings.
D．Gene Editing：A Great Success in Human History.

共享时间:2022-02-10 难度:1 相似度:2

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205275. （2021•阎良区•高一上期末） A team of conservationists （环境保护主义者）captured 14 Loa water frogs earlier this month in northern Chile，a wildlife group reported.
   The International Union for Conservation of Nature （IUCN） lists the Loa water frog as "critically endangered".The not-for-profit Global Wildlife Conservation group said the 14 frogs were in poor condition when they were discovered in late June.The animals were small and struggling because of a lack of food and water.
   The Loa water frogs are known to live only in a single body of water near Calama，in Chile.The city sits in the middle of the Atacama Desert，where water is in great demand.
   There was little water in the area where the frogs were found，the conservation group reported.The frogs' environment had mostly dried up because water is being taken away and used for human activities，the group said.The activities include mining，agriculture and land development. "All of the frogs had been pushed into a tiny pool of muddy water，the organization said. "The team collected the last 14 individuals and brought them to the National Zoo of Chile to start a conservation breeding program."
   Zoo specialists are closely watching the small creatures and trying to give them everything they need to survive and be healthy.Conservation groups have called on Chile's government to take steps to halt any illegal water usage that threatens the frogs' natural environment.They would also like to see creation of a government-supported shelter to protect the animals.
   Jon Paul Rodriguez heads the IUCN's Species Survival Commission.He suggested that an emergency plan be developed to prepare the Calama area for the frogs' return.
   "We need to work very hard to restore their environment because it's pointless to breed them if they don't have a home to go back to in the wild，" Rodriguez said.

（1）What do we know about the frogs when they were rescued？
A．They were looking for food.
B．They were in good condition.
C．They were approaching death.
D．They were moving for new water source.
（2）What has made these frogs endangered？
A．Lack of water.
B．Water pollution.
C．Human hunting.
D．Extreme climate.
（3）What does the underlined word "halt" in Paragraph 5 mean？
A．Improve.
B．Increase.
C．Change.
D．Stop.
（4）What did Jon Paul Rodriguez suggest humans do for these frogs？
A．Keep them healthy.
B．Recover their home.
C．Raise them in the shelter.
D．Prevent them living in the wild.

共享时间:2021-02-22 难度:1 相似度:2

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202538. （2021•西安中学•八模） $德优题库$ China's Tianwen 1 Mars probe （探测器） conducted its fourth orbital correction on Friday evening，as the spacecraft makes ready for its arrival in orbit around Feb.10，according to the China National Space Administration.
   The name comes from the long poem Tianwen，meaning Heavenly Questions or Questions to Heaven，written by Qu Yuan，one of the greatest poets of ancient China.In Tianwen，this name conveys the Chinese nation's steady effort in pursuing truth and culture of exploring nature and the universe.CNSA also unveiled（发布）the logo of China's planetary exploration missions，featuring the letter C，signifying China，international cooperation and capacity of entering space.
   Tianwen 1 has flown for 197 days and more than 465 million kilometers on its journey to the planet.It is now around 184 million km from Earth and 1.1 million km from Mars.Depending on the two planets' orbits，Mars is between 55 and 400 million km from Earth.Mars probe Tianwen 1 is seen in its first selfies in space on Oct.1，2020.The administration also published a black-and-white picture of Mars taken by Tianwen 1，the first snapshot （抓拍的照片）from the Chinese craft.
   Tianwen 1，the country's first independent Mars mission，was launched by a Long March 5 heavy-lift carrier rocket on July 23 from the Wenchang Space Launch Center in Hainan province，kicking off the nation's planetary exploration program.
   A successful landing would make China only the second nation to place a spacecraft on the Martian planet.China would also be the first to successfully orbit，land and deploy（部署）a vehicle in the same mission.According to experts，searching for signs of life on Mars will be the first and foremost scientific goal.China is open and inclusive in the development of its space technology not least because it believes that the exploration of outer space should help build a community with a shared future for mankind.

（1）Why is Qu Yuan's poem mentioned in the text？
A．To tell the origin of space exploration.
B．To describe space exploration vividly.
C．To highlight the importance of space exploration.
D．To show Chinese continuous struggle in space exploration.
（2）The main idea of Paragraph 3 is about Tianwen 1's         .
A．function
B．development
C．operation
D．structure
（3）What is the essential goal of exploring Mars？
A．To build a common future for man.
B．To prove our achievement in space research.
C．To discover signs of life on this planet.
D．To expand the understanding of the space.
（4）What can we learn from the text？
A．Letter C Logo symbolizes creation between countries.
B．China was the first nation to land a spacecraft on Mars.
C．Tianwen 1 made its fifth orbital correction around Feb.10.
D．Tianwen 1 started a new chapter in Chinese planetary exploration.

共享时间:2021-06-18 难度:1 相似度:2

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205293. （2021•阎良区•高二下期末） There you are in your favorite clothing store.You don't really need to buy anything，but everything is so cheap and stylish!Before you know it，you leave the store with bags and bags of new clothes.
   On the surface，this doesn't seem so bad.However，there are a lot of hidden costs behind the cheap price tags（标牌）.To put it plainly，the fashion industry is terrible for the planet.Not only does it use up a lot of resources，but it also heavily pollutes the environment with chemicals，microplastics and unwanted waste.
   Fashion is one of the least sustainable industries on the planet，commented Michael Stanley-Jones."We've all become our own waste managers，hoarding fashion waste in our houses，" he noted.
   It doesn't just take up space in our cupboards，though.It also ends up in landfills（垃圾场），too.But，thankfully，the fashion trend tides are changing.People are increasingly examining their own consumption and what changes they can make to become sustainable，Jane Fellner，founder and CEO of sustainable fashion seller Loopsler，told the Guardian.
   In particular，with its typically lower prices and rare fashion finds，shopping secondhand has become an increasingly popular and eco-friendly option.According to online reseller ThredUp，the secondhand market is predicted to reach ＄ 80 billion by 2029.And，although fast fashion will continue to grow 20 percent over the next 10 years，secondhand fashion is expected to grow an unbelievable 185 percent in that same amount of time.Fellner continued： " Secondhand has become more socially acceptable.Thrifting （节约）is now massive on TikTok."
    The only true sustainable way to shop is to not shop at all，unless you're buying clothes that already exist.

（1）What does the fashion industry bring about？
A．People's love for fast fashion.
B．Sufficient resources.
C．Cheap price tags.
D．Damage to the earth.
（2）What does the underlined word "hoarding" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A．Sorting.
B．Avoiding.
C．Storing.
D．Recycling.
（3）What does Jane Fellner think of secondhand fashion？
A．It is gaining popularity.
B．It has defeated fast fashion.
C．It makes people attractive.
D．It is huge among young people.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？
A．Young Consumers' Habits
B．A Stylish Fashion Manager
C．The Fashion Industry
D．Sustainable Fashion Trend

共享时间:2021-07-07 难度:1 相似度:2

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202520. （2021•西安中学•二模） Researchers studied data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey，organized by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention （CDC） in the United States and looked at the relationship between cups of coffee drunk per day and both total body fat percentage and abdominal or trunk fat.
   They found that women aged 20---40 who drank two or three cups of coffee per day had the lowest level of obesity，3.4% lower than people who did not consume coffee.Among women aged between 45-69，those who drank four or more cups had an obesity percentage 4.1% lower.
   Overall，the average total body fat percentage was 2.8% lower among women of all ages who drank two or three cups of coffee per day.
   The findings were consistent whether the coffee consumed was caffeinated（含咖啡因的）or decaffinated and among smokers/non-smokers and those suffering from chronic diseases（慢性病） when compared to those in good health.
   In men，the relationship was less significant although men aged 20-44 who drank two or three cups per day had 1.3% less total fat and 1.8% less trunk fat than those who didn't consume coffee.
   Around 7 million tons of coffee is consumed globally every year.Dr.Lee Smith，senior author of the study，said： "Our research suggests that there may be active compounds in coffee other than caffeine that manage weight and which could potentially be used as anti-obesity compounds."
   "It could be possible that coffee，or its effective ingredients could be integrated into a healthy diet strategy to reduce the burden of chronic conditions related to the obesity，" Dr.Lee Smith added. "It's important to interpret the findings of this study in light of its limitations - the study was at a specific point in time so trends cannot be established.However，we don't believe that someone's weight is likely to influence their coffee consumption."

（1）What can be inferred from the text？
A．Coffee has less effect on men than women in fat according to the findings.
B．The women aged 20-44 like to drink two or three cups of coffee per day.
C．The researchers found that the coffee consumers preferred caffeinated coffee.
D．Trends will be established to limit people's weight by their coffee consumption.
（2）What in coffee mainly influences body fat according to Dr.Lee Smith？
A．The caffeine.
B．The decaffeinated.
C．The effective compounds.
D．The rich nutrition.
（3）What might the study be used for？
A．Developing a new coffee.
B．The treatment of obesity.
C．The treatment of heart disease.
D．The study of physical differences between the sexes.
（4）Where is this text most likely from？
A．A diary.
B．A guidebook.
C．A novel.
D．A magazine.

共享时间:2021-03-16 难度:1 相似度:2

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202501. （2021•西安中学•一模） Free school meals are back in the news.Footballer Marcus Rashford's petition（请愿书） to extend free school meals provision （供给） into the school holidays has collected 1.1 million signatures，causing the government to reverse policy.It has restarted the debate over free school meals，fuelled，most recently，by figures forecasting that if the government ends as planned the current ￡20 top-up（附加款），another 200，000 children will slip into poverty.This is in addition to the 550，000 children already living in poverty previous to COVID-19.
   The roots of the current school meals system lie in the mid-19th century.In Manchester，independent charities as well as official bodies started to provide free meals for undernourished children in the 1870s.When education became compulsory in the following decades，the extent of the issue became apparent.Proponents of feeding starving children pointed out that it was due to government order that children were in school，not working and contributing to the family food budget，so the government should pay.
   Reception was mixed.Then，as now，children rejected foods they weren't used to.Diaries of the time talked of "little bags of mystery" （sausages）.Some children were put off brassicas （芥菜类） for life.Finding the balance between cheap and good proved hard.The chief medical officer talked about the lack in calorie value and elements of a well-balanced diet which a needy child does not get at home，such as milk，cheese，eggs，green vegetables，fruit and meat.In 1980，the Tory government，desperate to cut costs，made provision largely optional and abolished nutritional standards.Over the next 15 years convenience and cost became the most important.
   Today，school meals provision is linked to benefits：in England around 17 percent of children are entitled to free school meals.Provision is outsourced （外包），leading to huge variation.In the last year，we've seen all of the age-old debates repeated once more.How do we decide who is entitled？How do we guarantee quality？Who decides what children eat？Who pays？Undernutrition does not just have physical effects，but also affects behavior and ability to learn.It has a lifelong impact.The arguments around free school meals seem never to end.But they are hugely important and，until poverty is ended，they will not and should not go away.

（1）Why did Marcus Rashford start the petition？
A．To feed an increasing number of children in poverty.
B．To restart the debate over free school meals.
C．To raise fund for hunger relief for children.
D．To lift children out of poverty.
（2）What does the paragraph 2 probably talk about？
A．Manchester and independent charities set up school free meals.
B．It was government that should pay for the school meals.
C．How did the current school meals system come into existence？
D．It was compulsory education that contributed to free school meals.
（3）What can we infer about school meals from paragraph 3？
A．Some children liked brassicas provided in the school.
B．School meals were both tasty and cheap.
C．School meals failed to meet children's nutritional needs.
D．The Tory government chose nutrition over cost.
（4）What does the writer think of the debates over free school meals？
A．Never-ending.
B．Meaningless.
C．Influential.
D．Necessary.

共享时间:2021-03-08 难度:1 相似度:2

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204942. （2022•阎良区•高二下期末） Alcohol was the leading risk factor for disease and premature death in men and women between the ages of 15 and 49 worldwide in 2016，accounting for nearly one in ten deaths，according to a study published in The Lancet in 2018. "It has been known for decades that heavy drinking is bad for brain health，" said Sadie Boniface，head of research at the UK's Institute of Alcohol Studies.While there is no such thing as a "safe" level of drinking，with increased consumption of alcohol associated with poorer brain health，according to a recent study.
   In the observational study，researchers from the University of Oxford studied the relationship between the self-reported alcohol intake of some 25，000 people in the UK，and their brain scans.The researchers noted that drinking had an effect on the brain's gray matter—regions in the brain that make up "important bits where information is processed，" according to lead author Anya Topiwala，a senior clinical researcher at Oxford.
   "The more people drank，the less the volume of their gray matter，" Topiwala said via email. "Brain volume reduces with age and more severely with dementia （痴呆）.Smaller brain volume also predicts worse performance on memory testing，" she explained. "While alcohol only made a small contribution to this （0.8%），it was a greater contribution than other 'changeable' risk factors，" she said，explaining that changeable risk factors are "ones you can do something about，in contrast to aging."
   The team also investigated whether certain drinking patterns，beverage types and other health conditions made a difference to the impact of alcohol on brain health.They found that there was no "safe" level of drinking—meaning that consuming any amount of alcohol was worse than not drinking it.They also found no evidence that the type of drink—such as wine，spirits or beer—affected the harm done to the brain.
   However，certain characteristics，such as high blood pressure or obesity，could put people at higher risk，researchers added.So we shouldn't forget alcohol affects all parts of the body and there are multiple health risks.

（1）How was the observational study developed？
A．By comparing brain and health.
B．By comparing people and the researchers.
C．By comparing information and gray matter.
D．By comparing alcohol intake and brain scans.
（2）What is the result of the research？
A．Drinking wine have no impact on brain.
B．Drinking spirits have more impact on brain.
C．Drinking alcohol can cause reducing of brain volume.
D．Drinking alcohol can lead to obesity.
（3）Which of the following groups has a higher risk when drinking alcohol？
A．People drinking more types.
B．People with high blood pressure.
C．People selling the wine.
D．People with diabetes.
（4）What can be the best title for the passage？
A．Stay Away From Alcohol.
B．Lack of Sleep.
C．Consumer Health.
D．Keep-fit Exercise.

共享时间:2022-07-12 难度:1 相似度:2

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205425. （2020•西安中学•高二下期末） Getting rid of dirt，in the opinion of most people，is a good thing．However，there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt．
   In the early 16th century，people thought that dirt on the skin was a means to block out disease，as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in．A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths．By 1538，the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom．So did the king of England in 1546．Thus began a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way．Henry IV，king of France，was famously dirty．Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath，the king ordered that，to avoid the attack of disease，the nobleman should not go out．
   Though the belief in the merit（优点） of dirt was long-lived，dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century．Scientifically speaking，cleaning away dirt is good to health．Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease．Yet，it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved beyond science since World War II．Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea：clothes need to be whiter than white，cloths ever softer，surfaces to shine．Has the hate for dirt，however，gone too far？
   Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays．Many first-time parents nervously try to warn their children off touching dirt，which might be responsible for the spread of disease．On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist（免疫学家），encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system．And the latter position is gaining some ground．

（1）The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because        ．
A．they lived healthily in a dirty environment
B．they thought bath houses were too dirty to stay in
C．they considered bathing as cause of skin disease
D．They believed disease could be spread in public baths
（2）Which of the following best describes Henry IV's attitude to bathing？
A．Curious
B．Afraid
C．Approving
D．Uninterested
（3）How does the passage mainly develop？
A．By following the order of time．
B．By making comparison．
C．By providing examples．
D．By following the order of importance．
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the passages？
A．To call attention to the danger of dirt．
B．To introduce the history of dirt．
C．To present the change of views on dirt．
D．To stress the role of dirt．

共享时间:2020-07-19 难度:1 相似度:2

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205137. （2022•鄠邑区•高一下期末） A scientist locked himself in a small air-tight plastic tent with 200 plants to see if they could change CO₂ into oxygen （氧气） fast enough to keep him alive.
   Kurtis Baute locked himself in a 3 m by 3 m tent in his brother's backyard in British Columbia，Canada.He hoped to find out if by surrounding himself with plants，the CO₂ he breathed out could be changed into oxygen to allow him to survive in the locked tent for at least three days.
   Unfortunately，he had to give up the experiment after only 15 hours，as CO₂ levels reached a dangerous point where he risked suffering brain damage. "I could probably survive in the tent for three days，" Baute wrote on his website. "But my goal is not to just 'not die'.My goal is to end this project without developing brain damage or just generally causing lasting harm to my body.But as it turns out，that's exactly what he risked as the 200 plants he took with him into the tent couldn't meet his needs.Clearly，a cloudy sky prevented them from receiving all the sunlight they needed to perform photosynthesis （光合作用），so they couldn't recycle CO₂ fast enough.
   "Plants are great at taking in CO₂ and they love it.Since it wasn't a bright and sunny day，they weren't getting the light they needed，which meant CO₂ just kept rising.I had to give up the experiment as that continued." the young experimenter said.15 hours into the experiment，Baute reached the set danger point and then ended this experiment.Still，he called the experiment a "huge success" as his main goal was actually the terrible effects of climate change and CO₂ emissions.
   "The conclusion about my experiment is that if CO₂ is too high，I'll escape，which is just everyday experiences for many people on this planet.Everyone deserves clean air，but not everyone has it，" he wrote.

（1）Why did Kurtis Baute stay in the tent for only 15 hours？
A．The tent is too small for him to stay too long.
B．The environment in the tent is dangerous for him.
C．CO₂ in the tent couldn't be changed into oxygen.
D．He couldn't survive in the locked tent any longer.
（2）What made it hard for the 200 plants to satisfy Kurtis Baute's needs？
A．His health condition.
B．His wrong decision.
C．Too much CO₂.
D．The cloudy weather.
（3）What does Kurtis think of the result of the experiment？
A．Disappointing.
B．Surprising.
C．Satisfying.
D．Interesting.
（4）What may be the best title for the text？
A．A test to show the importance of clean air.
B．Surviving in the tent.
C．The set danger point.
D．Making people know the use of plants.

共享时间:2022-07-26 难度:1 相似度:2

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dygzyyyn

2021-02-07

高中英语 | 高二上 | 阅读理解

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