加工进化

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204297. （2023•西咸新区•高二下期末） We truly are what we eat —and what our ancestors ate.Food has changed who we are and how we developed for hundreds of thousands of years.From processing（加工） to preserving to cooking，what humans did and continue to do to food played a big role in shaping our evolution（进化）.
   "Processed food isn't just a modern invention.It's as old as human itself and may have helped create our species，"wrote Nicholas Temple，author of The Best Before：The Evolution and Future of Processed Food for the BBC.
   Although processing is viewed negatively nowadays，it was important to our development as a species.Processing doesn't necessarily mean adding chemicals.It also includes pounding or slicing or changing the food in any way before eating.Compared to our ancestors，modern humans teeth，jaws and faces have gotten smaller because of making food easier to chew，especially from cooking.
   Cooking food was one of the biggest changes in human history.Researchers believe it could have occurred between 1.8 million to 400，000 years ago.Without cooking，an average of person would have to eat around five kilos of raw（未加工的） food to survive and will have to spend most of the day eating.Also，up to 50%of women who only eat raw foods develop a condition that signals that the body can't support a pregnancy（怀孕）—a major problem for evolution，according to Science American.Processing food leads to a huge gain in leisure time.The less time people spent chewing，the more time they had to develop complex spoken language.Cooking food also breaks down its cells.So our stomachs need to work less to absorb the nutrients and save more energy，which could then be used to power a large brain.
   Processed food actually shaped us as a species and made us human—the only species on earth who can cook.

（1）Why are modern humans teeth and jaws smaller？
A．Because they look much more beautiful.
B．Because they are suitable for cooked food.
C．Because humans become small in size.
D．Because humans have to adapt to modern life.
（2）What problem does eating raw food cause？
A．It takes people much time and energy.
B．It stops the evolution of human beings.
C．It causes people's stomach to work less.
D．It slows the development of written language.
（3）What can we learn from the passage？
A．Only modern people process food.
B．Some animals can cook food as humans.
C．Processed food is of great value to humans.
D．People began to process food in recent years.
（4）What is the main purpose of the passage？
A．To introduce various ways to process food in human history.
B．To uncover the details about the development of human food.
C．To present the findings of a study about food in human history.
D．To explain the importance of processed food to human beings.

共享时间:2023-07-06 难度:2

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[考点]

历史、社会与文化，说明文，

[答案]

BACD

[解析]

（1）细节理解题。根据第三段Compared to our ancestors，modern humans teeth，jaws and faces have gotten smaller because of making food easier to chew，especially from cooking.（与我们的祖先相比，现代人类的牙齿、下巴和脸都变小了，因为食物更容易咀嚼，尤其烹饪的食物。）可知现代人的牙齿和下颚更小是因为它们适合煮熟的食物。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Without cooking，an average of person would have to eat around five kilos of raw（未加工的） food to survive and will have to spend most of the day eating.（如果没有烹饪，一个人平均要吃大约5公斤的生食才能生存，而且每天大部分时间都要吃东西。）可知生食要花费人们很多时间和精力。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段Processed food actually shaped us as a species and made us human—the only species on earth who can cook.（加工食品实际上塑造了我们这个物种，使我们成为人类——地球上唯一会做饭的物种。）可知我们能从文章中了解到加工食品对人类很有价值。故选C。
（4）目的意图题。根据第一段We truly are what we eat —and what our ancestors ate.Food has changed who we are and how we developed for hundreds of thousands of years.From processing（加工） to preserving to cooking，what humans did and continue to do to food played a big role in shaping our evolution（进化）.（我们吃什么就是什么，我们的祖先吃什么就是什么。数十万年来，食物改变了我们的身份和我们的发展方式。从加工到保存再到烹饪，人类对食物所做和继续做的事情在塑造我们的进化过程中发挥了重要作用。）可知这篇文章的主要目的是解释加工食品对人类的重要性。故选D。

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本题考查了"历史、社会与文化，说明文，"，属于"易错题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

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204259. （2023•长安区•高一上期末）     Soccer，known as football in most of the world，is one of the most popular sports today.Let's explore its history and how it developed and spread over the years.
    It is said that the history of soccer dates back as far as 2500 B．C．in London.In China，the most relevant （相关的） is the Chinese game of Tsu' Chu （Cuju） .Records of the game began during the Han Dynasty （206 B．C． — 220 A．D．） and it may have been a training exercise for soldiers.Players kicked a small ball into a net between two bamboo poles.The use of hands was not allowed，but a player could use his feet and other parts of his body.
    The modern shape of soccer was formed at the beginning of the 19th century.In 1848，the "Cambridge Rules" were founded at Cambridge University.After they graduated，adult football clubs became more common，players could continue to play the ball.
    The Football Association （FA） was created on October 26，1863.Over the years，more clubs joined the FA until the number reached 128 by 1887.In 1872，the first Football Association Cup was played in London.Other associations were formed，including the Football League in1888 in the north and midlands of the country，and the first championship league games were played.
    It did not take long for other European countries to accept the British love for soccer.Leagues began popping up throughout the world：the Netherlands and Denmark in 1889，Argentina in 1893，Chile in 1895，Switzerland and Belgium in 1895，Italy in 1898，Germany and Uruguay in 1900，Hungary in 1901，and Finland in 1907.It was not until 1903 that France formed their league.
    In 1930，the first-ever FIFA World Cup was held in Uruguay.There were 41 members of FIFA at that time.Today it has over 200 members and the World Cup is one of the biggest events of the year.

（1）What do we know about Chinese game of Tsu' Chu？
A．It began as far as 2500 B．C.
B．English soccer developed from it.
C．It was probably a training exercise for soldiers.
D．Players couldn't use other parts of their bodies.
（2）When was the Football Association created？
A．In 1930.
B．In 1907.
C．In 1895.
D．In 1863.
（3）What can we infer from the fifth paragraph？
A．Soccer spread worldwide.
B．Football clubs formed in America.
C．The whole world refused the British soccer.
D．200 members joined in the first-ever FIFA World Cup.
（4）What is the best title of the passage？
A．The Popularity of Football.
B．The Development of Football.
C．An Ancient Sport in China.
D．Some Football Competitions.

共享时间:2023-02-10 难度:2 相似度:2

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219400. （2021•鄠邑二中•高二上二月） Birthday card history is said to be over a hundred years old.There is no record to tell us who sent or received the first birthday card but it is said that the tradition of sending birthday cards began in England a century ago.In those times people used to personally greet a person on a birthday- but when a well-wisher was unable to do so he sent a birthday card.Thus birthday cards were more like an apology at that time.
   History of greeting cards can be traced back to the ancient Chinese who are said to have started the tradition of sending goodwill messages on New Year Day.Early Egyptians too are believed to have made used papyrus scrolls （纸莎草纸画卷）to send greetings to dear ones.During early 1400 the tradition of exchanging handmade paper greeting cards developed in Europe while Germans at that time were known to have printed New Year's greetings from woodcuts.The advancement in printing technology in 1850s helped to make greeting cards more affordable.No wonder，they soon became popular means of personal communication.During the 1980s non-event cards or the cards not made for any particular occasion became popular and helped card industry reach a new high.
   Greeting cards have taken a new form in this present age of Internet technology.Today，they are being increasingly exchanged as electronic or e-greeting cards.Advancement in technology that began in the 1990s has led to a further growth in card industry.People find it easier to send e-cards as a means of exchanging greetings.
   Greeting cards are an important means of communicating good wishes and love to a person.They carry a personal touch that makes them lovable and very special.

（1）What is the function of the birthday card in England a century ago？
A．To send good wishes.
B．To present a personal greeting.
C．To make an apology.
D．To work as a birthday present.
（2）The printed New Year's greeting card was firstly made by        .
A．the British
B．the Chinese
C．the Egyptians
D．the Germans
（3）What is the best title for the text？
A．The History of Greeting Cards
B．The Importance of Birthday Cards
C．The Function of Birthday Cards
D．The Tradition of Sending Greeting Cards.

共享时间:2021-12-15 难度:2 相似度:2

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204394. （2023•铁一中学•高二下期末） The word paradigm comes from the Greek.It was originally a scientific term，and is more commonly used today to mean a model or theory.In the more general sense，it's the way we"see" the world - not in terms of our visual sense of sight，but in terms of perceiving，understanding，and interpreting.
   A simple way to understand paradigms is to see them as maps.We all know that "the map is not the
territory." A map is simply an explanation of certain aspects of the territory.That's exactly what a paradigm is.It is a theory，an explanation，or model of something else.You can never arrive at a specific location in a new city with a wrong map.
   Each of us has many maps in our head，which can be divided into two main categories：maps of the way things are，or realities，and maps of the way thingould be，or values.We interpret everything we experience through these mental maps.We seldom question their accuracy；we're usually even unaware that we have them.We simply assume that the way we see things is the way they really are or the way they should be.And our attitudes and behaviors grow out of those assumptions.The way we see things is the source of the way we think and the way we act.
   We see the world，not as it is，but as we are -or，as we are conditioned to see it.Clearheaded people see things differently，each looking through the unique lens of experience.But this does not mean that there are no facts.Instead，each person's interpretation of these facts represents prior experiences.
   The more aware we are of our basic paradigms，maps，or assumptions，and the extent to which we have been influenced by our experience，the more we can take responsibility for those paradigms，examine them，test them against reality，listen to others and be open to their perceptions，thereby getting a larger picture and a far more objective view.

（1）How does the author illustrate the concept of "paradigm"？
A．By comparing it to an everyday object.
B．By sorting it into different categories.
C．By presenting personal examples.
D．By highlighting a sharp contrast.
（2）What can be concluded about the mental maps mentioned in paragraph 3？
A．They fail to escape our attention.
B．They may be lacking in accuracy.
C．They prove wrong and unreliable.
D．They have little influence on behavior.
（3）Which of the following echoes the main idea of paragraph 4？
A．Great minds think alike.
B．All men have opinions，but few think.
C．Where we stand depends on where we sit.
D．The fewer the facts，the stronger the opinions.
（4）What does the author advocate in the last paragraph？
A．A better understanding of our paradigms.
B．A stronger sense of responsibility for others.
C．A more objective view of others' perceptions.
D．A more positive attitude toward life experience.

共享时间:2023-07-10 难度:2 相似度:2

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202263. （2022•西安三中•五模） Many linguists （语言学家） predicted in the 1960s that accents would disappear in America.As Americans moved across the country，they said English would become standardized，meaning that it would be spoken the same way everywhere.But sociolinguist William Labov of the University of Pennsylvania says，while some accents in America are disappearing，others are growing stronger.
   One of these regional accents is Native American English，known as the "rez accent".It is spoken in many Indigenous communities in the United States and Canada.The word "rez" iortened from the word "reservation".Reservations are areas of land in the United States and Canada that are kept separate for Native Americans or Indigenous people to live in.
   Kalina Newmark is from the Sahtu Region in Canada's Northwest Territories.Her ancestors were called the Dene people，but she does not speak her tribe's language of Slavey. "My mom can understand and speak it，but she didn't pass it on to us.She learned it from her great-grandmother.My grandmother chose not to pass along the language because she wanted to make it easier for her children when they went to school，" Newmark said.Newmark went to Dartmouth College in the U.S.state of New Hampshire.The school is known for its Indigenous student population.There，she met other Indigenous students from all over North America.Newmark noticed something very interesting about everyone's pronunciation.The English they spoke shared some similar qualities，although they came from different language backgrounds.These especially could be heard during times of socializing.The accent was even present for students who had not learned their ancestral language.Indigenous communities speak different English dialects，but these ways of speaking shared prosody （韵律学） patterns.
   The rez accent possibly came from different Native tribes interacting in the 1880s when Indigenous peoples were placed on reservations.The Native American and First Nations children were forced into school and had to speak English.The rez accent also might have had its beginning in the 1950s and 1960s when the US government closed some reservations and sent Native American into cities.The children were forced to speak English and interact with each other. "They were all learning English together，" said Newmark， "and making an English of their own."

（1）What can we infer from Kalina Newmark's experience？
A．She learnt her tribe's language from her mother.
B．Her ancestors spoke English with rez accent.
C．Native American students account for a considerable percentage in her school.
D．Indigenous students speak English in exactly the same way in the school.
（2）Which statement is TRUE about the "rez accent"？
A．It is a shared pattern of speaking English among the Indigenous population.
B．It originated from the Native Americans' ancestral languages.
C．Us government is worried about the tendency of speaking English with rez accent.
D．The reason for the continuing growth of rez accent has been confirmed.
（3）How does the author introduce the topic of the text？
A．By making a comparison.
B．By analyzing a reason.
C．By giving an example.
D．By having an argument.
（4）What is the main idea of the text？
A．Accents of American English are disappearing.
B．Native Americans speak English with a similar accent.
C．Indigenous people obtain rez accent from their ancestors.
D．The majority of Americans don't speak standardized English.

共享时间:2022-05-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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204773. （2022•周至县•高一上期末） Chinese archaeologists（考古学家）announced on Saturday that some new major discoveries have been made at the Sanxingdui Ruins site in Southwest China，helping uncover another start of the Chinese civilization.
   Archaeologists have found six new sacrificial pits（祭祀坑）and unearthed more than 500 treasures dating back 3，000 years at the Sanxingdui Ruins in Sichuan Province.So far，archaeologists have unearthed masses of important cultural items from four of the pits，including pieces of gold masks，gold foil，bronze（青铜）masks，bronze trees and large numbers of ivories.The rest of the newly discovered pits arc still being dug up.
   "Surprisingly，we have unearthed some never-heard-of-before bronze items， "said Lei Yu，from the Sichuan Archaeology Research Institute. "For instance，some large and well-made bronze items have strange-looking dragon or cow designs on them. "
   In another major discovery，relics of silk products were found for the first time at Sanxingdui，which shows "the ancient Shu Kingdom was one of the important starts of silk in ancient China" according to Tang Fei，head of the digging team.
   The new pits sit next to two sacrificial pits discovered in 1986，with areas ranging between 30 square meters and 19 square meters.Together they form an area in which people of the ancient Shu civilization held ceremonies to offer sacrifices to heaven，earth and their forefathers，and prayed for good luck and peace.
   The Sanxingdui Ruins is regarded as one of the greatest archaeological finds of mankind in the 20th century.The site was accidentally discovered by a farmer in the 1920s.The ruins are located in the city of Guanghan，about 60 kilometers from Chengdu and are believed to be the relics of the Shu Kingdom.

（1）What can we learn from the second paragraph？
A．Totally there are 500 treasures unearthed.
B．Six new sacrificial pits are under repair.
C．The unearthed treasures date from 3000 years ago.
D．There are six sacrificial pits at Sanxingdui.
（2）What was the main function of the sacrificial pits？
A．To celebrate festivals.
B．To store valuable items.
C．To bury important figures.
D．To hold sacrifice ceremonies.
（3）Who first discovered the Sanxingdui Ruins？
A．A farmer.
B．Lei Yu.
C．Tang Fei.
D．Archaeologists.
（4）What does the underlined word " regarded" mean in the last paragraph？
A．Searched.
B．Considered.
C．Exploded.
D．Decorated

共享时间:2022-02-26 难度:2 相似度:2

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214079. （2022•长安区一中•高一下期中） A recent announcement in China limits teenagers to playing video games for up to one hour a day on weekends and holidays.To make sure the restriction（规定） is followed，video platforms will need real-name recognition and facial recognition.
   As is reported，these measures have been welcomed by Chinese parents.The restrictions are aimed at the gaming companies，which have profited greatly at the cost of young people's health and growth.
   A report compared video games to "spiritual opium"（精神鸦片）for China's youth.They are influencing teenagers' behavior in daily life，especially those who have not developed the proper time management skills.The way of restrictions may not be perfect，but it can send the right message to teenagers，as well as gaming companies who are using technology to drag users deeper and deeper into using their products.
   The gaming companieould consider developing more learning games or serious games，instead of games that serve no particular purpose other than making money.There is much we can learn from the gaming world.Learning can be a game in a way to guide students toward success if we design education programs to lead students through levels，from easy to challenging.Studentould be provided opportunities to fail in a safe environment and gain valuable experience for growth.And when they have mastered a skill，they can celebrate it to feel a deep sense of satisfaction.
   Working in an education organization，I have noticed teachers who successfully use gaming in their courses.And I have also seen gaming companies working hard to produce valuable educational gaming tools or platforms.These tools help schools and teachers encourage students to achieve various learning goals.
   Education in many parts of the world is filled with ills，including the lack of purpose and efficiency.Perhaps gaming can teach us something.

（1）What does the underlined word "They" in paragraph 3 refer to？
A．Video games.
B．Gaming companies
C．Gaming restrictions.
D．Video platforms.
（2）What is the author's attitude towards China's gaming restrictions？
A．Unconcerned.
B．Critical.
C．Doubtful.
D．Supportive.
（3）What can we learn from the last two paragraphs？
A．Teenagerould learn from online games.
B．Video games can be turned into teaching tools.
C．All games harmful to teenagerould be forbidden.
D．New technology is needed to help develop serious games.
（4）What is the author's aim in writing the text？
A．To call on teenagers to give up playing online games.
B．To inform people of the newly announced gaming restrictions.
C．To put forward a new way of making good use of video games.
D．To draw the public attention to the bad effects of video games.

共享时间:2022-05-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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218880. （2022•西安八十三中•高一上二月） I love training with my husband Chris.We do our own exercises separately，but then we really enjoy spending 30-40 minutes doing something we both like together.I also train with my family - my brother，his wife and our cousins will come to our house every now and then to train together.It's like family fun time!A little bit of competition also makes us work out harder.
   Laziness，as you know，is contagious（有传染性的）.But so is enthusiasm.If you can get your partner on board，you will be able to encourage each other on those days when the other doesn't feel like moving.If you set yourself a challenge and add competition to the mix，I promise you that the training will be much more fun.Time will fly by and you'll want to do it again.
   This is why I wanted to learn Chris' favourite sport - surfing（冲浪）.Not only would we have more things to do together，but it would be a great challenge for me.In turn，I have introduced Chris to two of my favourite activities：horse riding and motorbiking.Now he also loves them，which means we have even more chances to have fun together.Encouraged by our example，my brother and his wife now train together too.This is what it's all about at the end of the day：quality time with your partner.
   What if you don't have a partner？Well，I'm sure you have a friend who would love to train with you.Or，if you have young children，why not train in the backyard with another parent while they play？You just need some music.The important thing is to have a plan and to make the time to do it.It will be much more fun than doing it on your own.

（1）How does the author train with her husband？
A．They train on a daily basis.
B．They start with separate training.
C．They train for half an hour each time.
D．They always try to do the same exercise.
（2）What happens when the author trains with the family？
A．Everyone gets more active.
B．Everyone relaxes after work.
C．Everyone is very competitive.
D．Everyone feels time is slowing down.
（3）How does the author find surfing？
A．It's more for men than women.
B．It makes her feel discouraged.
C．It's not so hard ae expected.
D．It requires lots of hard work to learn.
（4）What is the author trying to do in the last paragraph？
A．To look for help.
B．To express thanks.
C．To make a promise.
D．To give encouragement.

共享时间:2022-12-29 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203439. （2015•师大附中•一模） Our body clock，or natural body rhythm，influences our energy and alertness（警觉）．paying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of day when we best perform specific tasks．
   The reality，however，is that most of us organize their time around work demands，school deadlines，commuting or social events．Doing whatever your body feels like doing is a luxury in today's fast-paced modern society．
   But that doesn't mean it isn't worth trying．Obeying our body clock has significant health benefits．Disrupting our natural body rhythm，on the other hand，has been linked to problems such as depression，obesity，or headache，says Steve Key，a biology professor．
   When the body clock can synchronize（使……同步）the rhythms of its natural processes，it "gives us an advantage in daily life"，says Key．
   According to him，when it comes to cognitive （认知的） work，most adults perform best in the late morning．As our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase until midday，our memory，alertness and concentration gradually improve．
   However，he adds，our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereafter．Most of us are more easily distracted （分心） between noon and 4pm．
   Alertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak around 2pm，making that a good time for a nap．
   Surprisingly，tiredness may increase our creative powers．For most adults，problems that require open ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired，according to a study in the journal Thinking & Reasoning．
   When choosing a time of day to exercise，paying attention to your body clock can improve results．Physical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm，says Michael Smolensky，a professor of biomedical engineering．
   Of course，not everyone's body clock is the same，making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily plans．

（1）If we know our natural body rhythm well，we can．
A．organize our time around work demands
B．find out the suitable time to do specific tasks
C．do whatever our body feels like doing
D．be sure to be healthy
（2）Inspiration to solve a difficult problem will most probably come to us        ．
A．when we get up in the morning
B．when we are full of energy in the late morning
C．when we are tired in the evening
D．when we are asleep at night
（3）The main purpose of the passage is to        ．
A．criticize
B．persuade
C．encourage
D．inform
（4）Which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage？
A．Something About Natural Body Rhythm
B．Natural Body Rhythm Is Bad For Us．
C．What Is Natural Body Rhythm？
D．All The Research About Natural Body Rhythm

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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205293. （2021•阎良区•高二下期末） There you are in your favorite clothing store.You don't really need to buy anything，but everything is so cheap and stylish!Before you know it，you leave the store with bags and bags of new clothes.
   On the surface，this doesn't seem so bad.However，there are a lot of hidden costs behind the cheap price tags（标牌）.To put it plainly，the fashion industry is terrible for the planet.Not only does it use up a lot of resources，but it also heavily pollutes the environment with chemicals，microplastics and unwanted waste.
   Fashion is one of the least sustainable industries on the planet，commented Michael Stanley-Jones."We've all become our own waste managers，hoarding fashion waste in our houses，" he noted.
   It doesn't just take up space in our cupboards，though.It also ends up in landfills（垃圾场），too.But，thankfully，the fashion trend tides are changing.People are increasingly examining their own consumption and what changes they can make to become sustainable，Jane Fellner，founder and CEO of sustainable fashion seller Loopsler，told the Guardian.
   In particular，with its typically lower prices and rare fashion finds，shopping secondhand has become an increasingly popular and eco-friendly option.According to online reseller ThredUp，the secondhand market is predicted to reach ＄ 80 billion by 2029.And，although fast fashion will continue to grow 20 percent over the next 10 years，secondhand fashion is expected to grow an unbelievable 185 percent in that same amount of time.Fellner continued： " Secondhand has become more socially acceptable.Thrifting （节约）is now massive on TikTok."
    The only true sustainable way to shop is to not shop at all，unless you're buying clothes that already exist.

（1）What does the fashion industry bring about？
A．People's love for fast fashion.
B．Sufficient resources.
C．Cheap price tags.
D．Damage to the earth.
（2）What does the underlined word "hoarding" in Paragraph 3 probably mean？
A．Sorting.
B．Avoiding.
C．Storing.
D．Recycling.
（3）What does Jane Fellner think of secondhand fashion？
A．It is gaining popularity.
B．It has defeated fast fashion.
C．It makes people attractive.
D．It is huge among young people.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？
A．Young Consumers' Habits
B．A Stylish Fashion Manager
C．The Fashion Industry
D．Sustainable Fashion Trend

共享时间:2021-07-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203440. （2015•师大附中•一模） About 6 percent of luxury hotels in three major Chinese cities have stopped serving shark fin （鱼翅），a survey has found．Although the controversial dish remains on the menu at most hotels，Green Beagle Environment Institute，a Beijing-based non-government organization that was the main sponsor of the survey，said the results are encouraging and reflect increased awareness．
   The survey was carried out in Beijing，Shenzhen and Fuzhou，which were selected as representative cities to collect basic data on shark fin consumption nationwide．In Beijing，132 hotels completed the phone questionnaire between Nov．20 and Dec．12．Only 12 hotels，9 percent，said they do not serve shark fin．A similar survey of 131 Beijing hotels conducted a year ago found only one hotel that did not serve shark fin，Wang Xue，chief coordinator （协调人） of the survey，said on Saturday．In Shenzhen，four out of the 85 four and five star hotels surveyed had stopped serving shark fin，accounting for about 5 percent．In Fuzhou，only one of the 40 hotels surveyed did not serve shark fin．On average，about 6.61 percent of the hotels in the three cities did not serve the food．
   "The survey reminded us there is still a long way to go to remove shark fins from Chinese hotels and restaurants，but the improved situation in Beijing is encouraging，" said Wang． "We found more hotels and restaurants were willing to take action over the past year．" International hotels are more active in the "shark-fin-free" project，she noted．China is the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin，which has been used in luxurious Chinese dishes for 500 years．Dishes made from shark fin are still regarded as a symbol of honor and respect，especially at business dinners，according to Wang．
   Research has also found that shark fin contains poisonous elements，but the nutritious value is less than that of chicken or pork． "We hope hotels and restaurants remove shark fin products from their menus，" Wang added．

（1）Why do Chinese people like eating shark fin？
A．Shark fin stands for honor and respect in China．
B．Shark fin is rich in a variety of nutrition．
C．The living standard of Chinese is much better than before．
D．Shark fin can make people live longer．
（2）In which way was the survey carried out？
A．Interviewing on the spot．
B．Phone questionnaire．
C．Filling the forms．
D．Talk show．
（3）According to the text，which city did the best this year？
A．Shanghai
B．Shenzhen
C．Fuzhou
D．Beijing
（4）The author wants to tell us        ．
A．the opinions divided on consuming shark fin
B．Chinese people' taste of shark fin
C．the appeal to hotels and restaurants for stopping serving shark fin
D．the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203477. （2015•师大附中•四模） Scientists recently discovered that pictures on cave walls at Creswell Crags are the oldest known in Great Britain．But they didn't find out in the usual way．
   Archaeologists often date cave art with a process called radiocarbon dating．The technique can measure the age of carbon found in charcoal（木炭）drawings or painted pictures．Carbon is an element found in many things，including charcoal and even people．But in this case，there was no paint or charcoal to test．People carved the pictures of animals and figures into the rock using stone tools．The scientists had an "aha!" moment when they noticed small rocks stuck to the top of the drawings．The small rocks must have formed after the drawings were made．
   "It is rare to be able to scientifically date rock art，" said Alistair Pike，an archaeological scientist at Britain's University of Bristol． "We were very fortunate that some of the engravings were covered by stalagmites（石笋）．
   When a test proved that the stalagmites formed 12，800 years ago，the scientists knew the art underneath them had to be at least that old．And some of the animalown，like the European bison，are now extinct--another tip-off that the art is quite old．
   The artists came to Creswell Crags，This place is one of the farthest points north reached by our ancient ancestors during the Ice Age．At that time，much of the North Sea was dry，so people could move about more easily．
   Some tools and bones found there are 13，000 to 15，000 years old．They show that the travelers hunted horses，reindeer，and arctic hare．Their artwork is similar to art in France and Germany．It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a close connection to peoples several thousand kilometers away-another important clue to understanding how humans spread out across the world．

（1）Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage？
A．Cave Art About Animals Is Most Beautiful
B．Cave Art Found in an Unusual Way
C．Cave Art Turns Out to Be Britain's Oldest
D．Cave Art in Britain
（2）From Paragraph Two，people can conclude        ．
A．archaeologists can work out the date of cave art
B．radiocarbon dating appeared only in Britain
C．archaeologists are good at using stone tools
D．drawings and painted pictures are really necessary for the formation of small rocks．
（3）Why do scientists say the art is quite old？
A．The art was carved into stone with stone tools．
B．The animals carved in the stone are beautiful．
C．The cave is one of the farthest points in the world．
D．Some pictures were covered by stalagmites more than 10，000 years old．
（4）By studying the cave art，scientists know something about        ．
A．how ancient people crossed the North Sea
B．why some of the animals have died out
C．how humans spread out across the world
D．what kind of animals people hunt at that time

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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214108. （2021•长安区一中•高二上期中） Over half of Tokyo's residents don't think the postponed 2020 Olympicould be held in 2021，backing either a further delay or complete cancellation because of fears for the coronavirus，according to a poll（民意调查） published on Monday.
   The survey carried out by two Japanese news organizations is only a single data point，but comes after health experts warned that even a year's delay may not be enough to hold the Games safely.
   The poll found 51.7 percent of respondents hope the Games in 2021 are postponed again or canceled，while 46.3 percent want to see the rescheduled Olympics go ahead.Among those opposed to the 2021 Games，27.7 percent said they want them canceled altogether，while 24 percent would prefer a second postponement.
   The telephone poll，conducted by Kyodo News and Tokyo MX television between Friday and Sunday，received 1，030 replies.Of those who said they want to see the Games held in 2021，31.1 percent said the event should be on a smaller scale，while 15.2 percent said they want to see fully developed Olympics.
   Tokyo 2020 was postponed in March as the coronavirus spread across the globe，causing the worst disruption（中断）to the Olympics since two editions were canceled during World War Ⅱ.The Games are now scheduled to begin on July 23，2021，although they will still be known as the Tokyo 2020 Olympics.
   Officials from Japan and the International Olympic Committee（IOC）have warned that it will not be possible to postpone them again，and even the year-long delay has created significant financial and logistical（后勤的） headaches.
   Earlier in June，the mayor of Tokyo Yuriko Koike told AFP that the rescheduled Olympics will be safe despite the coronavirus pandemic，promising to make a "120-percent effort" to ensure the first-ever postponed Games can go ahead.Koike has been heavily involved in preparations for the Games，traveling to Rio for the handover ceremony after the last Summer Olympics.

（1）What can we learn about the poll from the text？
A．It lasted two days in total.
B．It was carried out on the phone.
C．It was conducted by the IOC.
D．It aimed to evaluate the safety of the Games.
（2）Which is one of the results of the survey？
A．About 533 respondents don't want to see the Games held in 2021.
B．There are more respondents hoping to delay the event rather than cancel it.
C．Over half of the respondents would like to see the delayed Games go ahead.
D．Some respondents support delaying the event because they need full-scale Olympics.
（3）Why are the Games unlikely to be put off again according to the IOC？
A．The athletes are strongly opposed to it.
B．COVID-19 will be under control soon.
C．It will be too costly to bear a second time.
D．They have made full preparations for them.
（4）What is Yuriko Koike's attitude towards the Tokyo Olympics in 2021？
A．Disappointed.
B．Optimistic.
C．Worried.
D．Indifferent.

共享时间:2021-11-14 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203478. （2015•师大附中•四模） In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity，others say that competition is bad；that it sets one person against another；that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
   I have taught many children who held the belief that their self - worth relied （依赖） on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life - and - death affairs．In their single - minded pursuit （追求） of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
   However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an excuse： "I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．" What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self - respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解） can we discover a new meaning in competition．

（1）What does this passage mainly talk about？
A．Competition helps to set up self - respect．
B．Opinions about competition are different among people．
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
（2）Why do some people favor competition according to the passage？
A．It pushes society forward．
B．It builds up a sense of duty．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It encourages individual efforts．
（3）The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means       ．
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
（4）Which point of view may the author agree to
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Competition should be encouraged．
C．Winning should be a life - and - death matter．
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203516. （2015•西工大附中•八模） Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful？This might be called laziness，but Dr．Kleitman has a new explanation．He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle．
   During the hours when you labour through your work，you may say that you're"hot"．That's true．The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak．For some people that peak comes during the forenoon．For others it comes in the afternoon or evening．No one has discovered why this is so，but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语）as"Get up，John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening．Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has．
   You can't change your energy cycle，but you can make your life fit it better．Habit can help．Dr．Kleitman believes．Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway．Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to．If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day，rise before your usual hour．This won't change your cycle，but you'll get up energy and work better at your low point．
   Get off to a slow start which saves your energy．Get up with a yawn and stretch．Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor．Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before．Whenever possible，do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours．

（1）If you want to work better at your low point in the morning，you should       ．
A．change your energy cycle
B．overcome your laziness
C．get up earlier than usual
D．go to bed earlier
（2）You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will       ．
A．help to keep your energy for the day's work
B．help you to control your temper early in the day
C．enable you to get your energy on your routine work
D．keep your energy cycle under control all day
（3）What's the best title of the passage？
A．Change Your Habits
B．Save Your Energy
C．Daily Energy Cycle
D．Temperature-and-Energy Peak
（4）The text is likely to be selected from a book of       ．
A．fashion
B．geography
C．environment
D．Science

共享时间:2015-06-19 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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205754. （2018•西安一中•高一上期末） The most popular PE class at Waukegan High School in Illinois，US，takes place in a basement field house．
It is the school's version of CrossFit，the difficult physical exercise that has exploded in popularity over the last 16 years at thousands of gyms．It has more than one million devotees（爱好者） and a professional competition shown on ESPN．
Schools around the Chicago area have adopted CrossFit to interest students at a time of a rising weight problem among young people，and most say it really works compared with traditional gym classes．
"I think it's a great way to teach kids lifelong fitness，especially those kids who aren't interested in hockey（曲棍球），soccer or basketball，"said the teacher，Tracy Haraf from Illinois' Stony Creek Elementary，which devotes half of its PE days to CrossFit exercises． "They think it's tough，but I think they have a lot of fun doing it．"
Senior Alexus Wiltz，18，said the workout had improved her performance on the basketball court．"I noticed I was faster．I paid more attention on the court，my defending was better，"she said after a recent class．"It just really helped me．"
But some doctors and researchers advise caution，saying the exercises that involve lifting weights can lead to injuries，particularly when performed by few inexperienced people．
Doctor Craig Finlayson at Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago said he was worried that while strength training is fine for kids，heavy weights could be trouble for teenagers who might hurt themselves by trying to do too much or using poor form．
CrossFit Inc，the company that certifies（证明） trainers and licenses gyms，disagrees that its program is more dangerous than other fitness routines．Gym teachers in Waukegan's Greg Moisio，whose two-campus school has about 73%kids taking CrossFit each day，also say the risk of injury can be reduced with proper teaching and CrossFit's flexibility（灵活性）．

（1）Why have schools around the Chicago area adopted CrossFit？
A．To improve students' performance in competitive sports．
B．To introduce something more challenging to the students．
C．To help solve the students' weight problem．
D．To make traditional gym classes more attractive．
（2）How do the students react to the strength training？
A．The majority believe it's effective．
B．They show little interest in it．
C．73%agree it has a bad influence．
D．Most of them think it's of no use．
（3）What does the underlined word"workout"in Paragraph 5 refer to？
A．Wiltz's performance．
B．The basketball court．
C．The physical exercise．
D．A lot of fun．
（4）What can we learn from the last paragraph？
A．CrossFit is more dangerous than other fitness routines．
B．The number of the injured in CrossFit classes is rising．
C．A great number of kids taking CrossFit lack flexibility．
D．Kids may protect themselves if they're trained properly．

共享时间:2018-02-23 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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dygzyyyn

2023-07-06

高中英语 | 高二下 | 阅读理解

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