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202805. （2020•西安中学•三模） We often hear such statements： "I spilled （洒出） juice，but it wasn't my fault．"， "I got in trouble at school，but it wasn't my fault．" or "I was in a car accident，but it wasn't my fault．" That "It's not my fault．" is a go-to response for so many people and especially teenagers．
   Parents complain they are tired of the "excuse"．The reason why variations of "It's not my fault．" are so popular is that it lets us off the hook from guilt and blame．I'm a fan of not owning responsibility for things that I can't control．Teens who often say "It's my fault．" when something bad happens tend to be highly self-critical，perfectionistic and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression．
   While it is important to recognize lack of reason to blame oneself，many teens over-rely on "It's not my fault．" When trying to get them to take responsibility，parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault．The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle．No one wins．A more effective approach can be to stress significant drawbacks to consistently focusing on removing our responsibility with this phrase．
   Overuse of the phrase can result in feelings of lack of ability to control their own lives．This sense has been shown to cause low motivation．Besides creating feelings of lack of ability，overuse of "It's not my fault．" focuses a teen's attention on what is done as opposed to what needs to be done．
   People may not have caused all their problems but they have to solve them anyway．The example I frequently share with teens is the question of what one will do if he is pushed into a deep lake．One can certainly stay in water，yelling， "It's not my fault．" However，that won't get him out of water．He needs to swim to the shore，regardless of the fault．
   If you take a proper approach to communicating with your teens，you can help them avoid over-reliance on "It's not my fault．"

（1）What phenomenon is described in Paragraph 1？
A．The teenagers' dislike for school life．
B．The common trouble faced by teenagers．
C．The reasons for blaming others for accidents．
D．The tendency for people not to be responsible for mess in life．
（2）What type of teens tends to suffer great mental pressure according to the text？
A．Those lacking confidence and ambition．
B．Those allowing others to find excuses．
C．Those unable to get along well with others．
D．Those often blaming themselves for some incidents．
（3）What's the author's attitude to parents' usual way of guiding children？
A．Supportive．
B．Negative．
C．Ambiguous．
D．Neutral．
（4）What lesson is conveyed in the example often shared by the author？
A．We should try to avoid troubling others．
B．We should focus on how to solve problems．
C．We should dare to point out others' mistakes．
D．We should be self-critical as much as possible．

共享时间:2020-04-08 难度:2

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[考点]

议论文，说明文，

[答案]

DDBB

[解析]

（1）D．推理判断题。第一段提到：我们经常在生活中听到这样的言论"橙汁洒了，但不是我的错；我在学校陷入麻烦，但不是我的错；我出车祸了，但不是我的错"，最后一句总结上述言论That "It's not my fault．" is a go﹣to response for so many people and especially teenagers．（"不是我的错"是很多人尤其是青少年的应急反应），由此可推知，第一段主要描述了人们不想为生活中的麻烦事负责的倾向，总是脱口而出"不是我的错"。故选D项。
（2）D.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句Teens who often say "It's my fault．" when something bad happens tend to be highly self﹣critical，perfectionistic and more easier to be troubled by anxiety and depression．（当不好的事情发生时，经常说"是我的错"的青少年倾向于高度自我批评，完美主义，并且更容易被焦虑和沮丧困扰）可知，经常因为事情责怪自己的人倾向于遭受极大的精神压力。故选D项。
（3）B.推理判断题。根据第三段中"When trying to get them to take responsibility，parents usually attempt to convince their teens that something is their fault．The approach tends to be ineffective and turn into a power struggle．（当试图让孩子承担责任时，父母通常说服孩子是他们的错。这个方法倾向于无效，并且会变成权利斗争）"可知，作者对父母引导孩子的方法持消极态度。A．Supportive支持的；B．Negative消极的；C．Ambiguous有野心的；D．Neutral中立的。故选B项．
（4）B.细节理解题。第五段举了一个例子，如果一个人被推进湖里，他可以大喊"不是我的错"，但这无济于事，虽然不是他的错，他还是要想办法游到岸上去，印证了本段第一句提到的"人们可能不是所有问题的原因，但是无论如何他们必须解决这些问题"，所以作者通过这个例子想分享的教训是人们应该专注于如何解决问题。故选B项．

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本题考查了"议论文，说明文，"，属于"易错题"，熟悉题型是解题的关键。

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205369. （2020•西安中学•高一上期末） If a stranger offered you money to keep a suitcase in your spare room，would you accept？How about the other way round：if you had too many belongings，would you consider trusting someone you met online with their safekeeping？Anthony Paine believed enough of us would answer "yes" to these questions to launch his own startup （新兴公司），Stashbee．His business links people with space to those who need it．
   And it's just one player in the booming "sharing economy"，an industry that relies on people renting out things like their beds，bikes and even parking spaces．Airbnb，a company valued at 200 bn RMB，provides a platform for those renting property short-term．DogVacay pairs holiday making pet owners with pet-friendly hosts，and aims to be profitable by 2017．
   All their business models revolve around one simple word：trust．So，how does Stashbee measure up？BBC journalist Dougal Shaw decided to try it out for himself．He had some odds and ends to store while renovating his house，and met a host through the site who could keep them for 475 RMB for two months．All relatively smooth and painless．
   Heavyweights （行业巨头） in the traditional storage industry，such as Big Yenow and Access，aren't convinced．A representative from Access told Shaw he was skeptical about storing with "amateurs"．He considered 24/7（全天候） access to the items and better security as the main advantages of his service．
   Stashbee agree that dealing with security concerns is important，but say business success depends more on people overcoming a distrust of strangers we've been taught since childhood．They aren't alone．Companies such as Costockage，Roost and Spacer all run similar storage businesses，and are all relying on a shift in consumer attitudes．
   And the concept of social storage doesn't stop there．CityStasher believe there's a gap in the market for those who want to store things for extremely short periods of time．
   Would you try it out？It's a question of trust．

（1）The author put forward two questions at the beginning of the text to        ．
A．expect readers to answer them
B．carry out a survey among readers
C．start a conversation among readers
D．draw readers attention to the topic
（2）How does Dougal Shaw try out Stashbee's business？
A．Experiencing in person．
B．Doing a survey online．
C．Analyzing some data．
D．Exchanging his belongings．
（3）What does the traditional storage industry value most？
A．Trust．
B．Security．
C．Cost．
D．Professional knowledge．

共享时间:2020-02-07 难度:2 相似度:2

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202730. （2020•西安中学•六模） Online programs to fight depression are already commercially available．While they sound efficient and cost-saving，a recent study reports that they are not effective，primarily because depressed patients are not likely to engage with them or stick with them．
   The study looked at computer-assisted cognitive behavioral therapy （CBT） and found that it was no more effective in treating depression than the usual care patients receive from a primary care doctor．
   Traditional CBT is considered an effective form of talk therapy for depression，helping people challenge negative thoughts and change the way they think in order to change their mood and behaviors．However，online CBT programs have been gaining popularity，with the attraction of providing low-cost help wherever someone has access to a computer．
   A team of researchers from the University of York conducted a randomized control trial with 691 depressed patients from 83 physician practices across England．The patients were split into three groups：one group received only usual care from a physician while the other two groups received usual care I from a physician plus one of two computerized CBT programs．Participants were balanced across the three groups for age，sex，educational background，severity and duration of depression，and use of antidepressants．
   After four months，the patients using the computerized CBT programs had no improvement in depression levels over the patients who were only getting usual care from their doctors．
   "It's an important，cautionary note that we shouldn't get too carried away with the idea that a computer system can replace doctors and therapists，" says Christopher Dowrick，a professor of primary medical care at the University of Liverpool． "We do still need the human touch or the human interaction，particularly when people are depressed．"
   Being depressed can mean feeling "lost in your own small，negative，dark world，" Dowrick says．Having a person，instead of a computer，reach out to you is particularly important in combating that sense of isolation． "When you're emotionally vulnerable，you're even more in need of a caring human being，" he says．

（1）What does the recent study say about online CBT programs？
A．Patients may not be able to carry them through for effective cure．
B．Patients cannot engage with them without the use of a computer．
C．They can save patients trouble visiting physicians．
D．They have been well received by a lot of patients．
（2）What has made online CBT programs increasingly popular？
A．Their effectiveness in combating depression．
B．The low efficiency of traditional talk therapy．
C．Their easy and inexpensive access by patients．
D．The recommendation by primary care doctors．
（3）What is Professor Dowrick's advice concerning online CBT programs？
A．They should not be neglected in primary care．
B．Their effectivenesould not be overestimated．
C．They should be used by strictly following instructions．
D．Their use should be encouraged by doctors and therapists．
（4）What is more important to an emotionally vulnerable person？
A．A positive state of mind．
B．Appropriate medication．
C．Timely encouragement．
D．Human interaction．

共享时间:2020-05-18 难度:2 相似度:2

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204810. （2022•周至四中•高二下期末） You've heard that plastic is polluting the ocean—between 4.8 and 12.7 million tonnes enter ocean ecosystems every year.But does one plastic straw or cup really make a difference？Artist Benjamin Von Wong wants you to know that it does.He builds massive sculptures out of plastic garbage，forcing viewers to re-examine their relationship to single-use plastic products.
   At the beginning of the year，the artist built a piece called "Strawpocalypse，" a pair of 10-foot-tall plastic waves，frozen mid-crash.Made of 168，000 plastic straws collected from several volunteer beach cleanups，the sculpture made its first appearance at the Estella Place shopping center in Ho Chi Minh City，Vietnam.
   Just 9% of global plastic waste is recycled.Plastic straws are by no means the biggest source（来源）of plastic pollution，but they've recently come under fire because most people don't need them to drink with and，because of their small size and weight，they cannot be recycled.Every straw that's part of Von Wong's artwork likely came from a drink that someone used for only a few minutes.Once the drink is gone，the straw will take centuries to disappear.
   In a piece from 2018，Von Wong wanted to illustrate（说明）a specific statistic：Every 60 seconds，a truckload's worth of plastic enters the ocean.For this work，titled "Truckload of Plastic，" Von Wong and a group of volunteers collected more than 10，000 pieces of plastic，which were then tied together to look like they'd been dumped（倾倒） from a truck all at once.
   Von Wong hopes that his work will also help pressure big companies to reduce their plastic footprint.

（1）What are Von Wong's artworks intended for？
A．Beautifying the city he lives in.
B．Introducing eco-friendly products.
C．Drawing public attention to plastic waste.
D．Reducing garbage on the beach.
（2）Why does the author discuss plastic straws in paragraph 3？
A．To show the difficulty of their recycling.
B．To explain why they are useful.
C．To voice his views on modern art.
D．To find a substitute for them.
（3）What effect would "Truckload of Plastic" have on viewers？
A．Calming.
B．Disturbing.
C．Refreshing.
D．Challenging.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the text？
A．Artists' Opinions on Plastic Safety
B．Media Interest in Contemporary Art
C．Responsibility Demanded of Big Companies
D．Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures

共享时间:2022-07-01 难度:2 相似度:2

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205313. （2021•新城区•高一下期末） Major cities across the country，from Washington D.C.to Los Angeles，are heating up.The downtown parts of Phoenix can be up to 15 degrees warmer at night than its suburb（郊区）.During the day，the street can reach over 160 degrees，hot enough to cook an egg.Unsurprisingly，walking across such a hot street to get to work，school，and do your daily work takes its toll on your health.
   Local governments have turned to planting trees to help stop rising temperatures in city areas.These tree planting efforts are usually announced with much showing off but are not as simple as planting a few trees and calling it a day.There's typically this sort of blind faith that trees will provide all of wonderful social benefits.But the environmental benefits that trees provide depend entirely on context.Tree planting plans may not lead to the cooling joy we desire in city areas.
   While tees，theoretically，are a "green" solution to unbearable summer city weather，in practice，many problems arise，namely keeping track of just how many trees have already found their roots and convincing land owners to keep planting trees along their personal property（私产）.In some cases，cities are already doing a good enough job that they are running out of space，like in Washington，D.C.where they are currently at 38 percent canopy （树冠）coverage but are hoping to raise coverage up to 40 percent.But the biggest problem is that public area alone isn't enough for new trees in Washington D.C，as well as in cities like Phoenix and Los Angeles，and now，citizens will have to plant trees on personal property to help reach their canopy coverage goals.In many cases，that means landowners need to take care of those trees since they technically don't belong to the city itself.
   At the end of the day，trees are a good starting point，but we still have so much to learn about how well they work to cool down our hottest cities.

（1）What does the underlined word "toll" in paragraph 1 mean？
A．Cost.
B．Turn.
C．Time.
D．Place.
（2）What is the author's attitude to planting trees to cool cities？
A．Unconcerned.
B．Dissatisfied.
C．Supportive.
D．Confident.
（3）What is the biggest problem of planting trees in cities？
A．Skills of planting trees.
B．Space for planting trees.
C．The high canopy coverage.
D．The unsure tree ownership.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？
A．Heating Cities in the United States
B．A "Green" Solution to Climate Change
C．A Typical Blind Faith in Planting Trees
D．Problems of the Measure to Cool Hot Cities

共享时间:2021-07-12 难度:2 相似度:2

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205387. （2020•西安中学•高三上期末） Many Beijing residents go to great lengths to avoid breathing the city's smoggy air，especially when it reaches critical pollution levels，but one local entrepreneur decided that canning（灌装） and selling this poor quality air as a souvenir would be a great idea．Believe it or not，he was right．
   After seeing a number of companies achieve commercial success by canning fresh air from countries like France，Canada or Australia and selling it in China，Dominic Johnson-Hill，a British-born citizen of Beijing and owner of the Plastered 8 souvenir shop，decided to turn the idea on its head and sell canned Beijing air throughout China and abroad．
   "I'd seen people going crazy to buy canned air from Canada and Australia，so I thought it was time to push business the other way，" the entrepreneur said． "They're perfect gifts!What else are you going to take home when you go home from Beijing？A roast duck？A Plastered T-shirt？These cans are light，portable，you can just imagine someone' s face when they unwrap （打开） it for Christmas．"
   The few mouth-fulls of Beijing air come in standard tin cans featuring a couple of iconic city landmarks as well as a bitter description of the contents： "a unique mix of nitrogen，oxygen and some other stuff"．The ironic （讽刺的） souvenirs cost 28 RMB （US ＄4）and are available at the Plastered 8 shop，as well as on its online shop．But if you're actually considering buying some，you'd better ask shop in advance，as they are virtually flying off the shelves．Johnson-Hill said that hiop is selling hundreds of Beijing air cans every day．
   Personally，the well-sold can probably is an awakening for the public to be concerned about the living conditions．Yet one thing that' s not particularly clear is whether the air is really collected from Beijing，as the cans are labeled as "Made in Shenzhen"．There's a big chance that's just a kind of Plastered 8 humor，as they also list "Choking Hazard" and "May have unidentified objects inside．" as warnings．
   Anyway，it is probably a unique way to arouse public awareness of protecting the environment．

（1）What contributes to Dominic's idea of canning and selling the poor quality air？
A．Try to get used to it．
B．Sell it all over the world．
C．Can it as a souvenir．
D．Try to push business the other way．
（2）How may one feel when receiving canned Beijing air for Christmas？
A．Satisfied．
B．Surprised．
C．Frightened．
D．Refreshed．
（3）Which of the following can replace the underlined word "stuff" in Paragraph 4？
A．liquids
B．objects
C．minerals
D．risks
（4）What can we infer from the passage？
A．There are unidentified objects in the canned Beijing air．
B．The Plastered 8 souvenir shop is famous for its humour．
C．People should make efforts to protect the environment．
D．Dominic Johnson-Hill likes the poor quality air in Beijing．

共享时间:2020-02-02 难度:3 相似度:1.67

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205023. （2022•莲湖区•高一下期末） China successfully launched 22 new satellites in a single ride on Sunday morning，setting a new national record，from the Wenchang Spacecraft Launch Site in southern Hainan Province.
   A modified （改进的） version of China's Long March-8 carrier rocket blasted off （发射升空） at 11：06 am and flew for more than 15 minutes before deploying all of the 22 small satellites into their designated （指定的） orbits.
   The satellites，built by seven institutes and private companies，have individual tasks including collecting commercial remote-sensing data，environmental monitoring，forest fire prevention and disaster reduction.
   "You can call it a shared rocket' if you want，" said Xiao Yun，the commander in chief for the launch. "We prepare one or two types of rockets every year for that.If there are many satellites to launch，we use a big rocket.If only a few to launch，we have smaller rockets."
   Today's launch marks the 409th mission of China's Long March rocket series.
   Long March-8 has been redesigned and this is the second launch of the Long March-8 rocket，which is designed by the China Academy of Launch Vehicle Technology （CALT） aiming at commercial launches.The first mission launched in late 2020.
   It's clearly noticeable in the launch video that the new rocket lacks the two boosters（助推器）found on its predecessor （上一代），which means the design is one step closer to making the first stages reusable like SpaceX's Falcon 9.
   Reusable design can save launch costs and help achieve better commercial success.
   "The Long March-8 can launch 3 tonnes of satellites into low Earth orbit （LEO） or medium Earth orbit，" said Wu Yitian，deputy chief designer of the rocket. "Such rockets are urgently needed by the market，especially to launch Earth observation satellites."
   A China Media Group report said the Long March-8 will hopefully become the main type for future LEO missions.

（1）What does the underlined word "deploying" in paragraph 2 probably mean？
A．Placing.
B．Applying.
C．Lifting.
D．Linking.
（2）What can we learn from the passage？
A．SpaceX's Falcon 9 is equipped with two boosters.
B．Reusable design of rockets has a promising future.
C．The 22 small satellites launched have a common task.
D．LEO missions have adopted the Long March-8 as its main type.
（3）Why is Long March-8 called a "shared rocket" ？
A．One or two rockets are shared per year.
B．Satelliteare the same commercial tasks.
C．Satellites launched into space share one rocket.
D．Rocket launches have been shared among institutes.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．Reusable Design has been A Trend in Rocket Making Industry.
B．Shared Rockets have Achieved Remarkable Success in the Market.
C．China Successfully Launches Multi-functional Satellites into Space.
D．China Sends 22 Satellites into Orbit with Redesigned Long March-8.

共享时间:2022-07-20 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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204374. （2023•铁一中学•高三上期末） Energy independence.It has a nice ring to it.Doesn't it？If you think so，you're not alone，because energy independence has been the dream of American president for decades，and never more so than in the past few years，when the most recent oil price shock has been partly responsible for kicking off the great recession.
   "Energy independence" and its rhetorical （修辞的） companion "energy security" are，however，slippery concepts that are rarely thought through.What is it we want independence from，exactly？
   Most people would probably say that they want to be independent from imported oil.But there are reasons that we buy all that oil from elsewhere.
   The first reason is that we need it to keep our economy running.Yes，there is a trickle（涓涓细流）of biofuels available，and more may become available，but most biofuels cause economic waste and environmental destruction.
   Second，Americans have basically decided that they don't really want to produce all their own oil.They value the environmental quality they preserve over their oil imports from abroad.Vast areas of the United States are off-limits to oil exploration and production in the name of environmental protection.To what degree are Americans really willing to endure the environmental impacts of domestic energy production in order to cut back imports？
   Third，there are benefits to trade.It allows for economic efficiency，and when we buy things from places that have lower production costs than we do，we benefit.And although you don't read about this much，the United States is also a large exporter of oil products，selling about 2 million barrels of petroleum products per day to about 90 countries.
   There is no question that the United States imports a great deal of energy and，in fact，relies on that steady flow to maintain its economy.When that flow is interrupted，we feel the pain in short supplies and higher prices.At the same time，we get massive economic benefits when we buy the most affordable energy on the world market and when we engage in energy trade around the world.

（1）What does the author say about energy independence for America？
A．It sounds very attractive.
B．It ensures national security.
C．It will bring oil prices down.
D．It has long been everyone's dream.
（2）Why does America rely heavily on oil imports？
A．It wants to expand its storage of crude oil.
B．Its own oil reserves are quickly running out.
C．Its own oil production fallort of demand.
D．It wants to keep its own environment undamaged.
（3）What does the author say about oil trade？
A．It proves profitable to both sides.
B．It improves economic efficiency.
C．It makes for economic development.
D．It saves the cost of oil exploration.
（4）What is the author's purpose in writing the passage？
A．To justify America's dependence on oil imports.
B．To arouse Americans' awareness of the energy crisis.
C．To stress the importance of energy conservation.
D．To explain the increase of international oil trade.

共享时间:2023-02-20 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203409. （2016•西工大附中•七模） More than 20 Chinese and American experts discovered that young people of both countries are facing the same problems of economic and social pressures and lack of confidence．Wayne Meisel，director of the Campus Outreach Opportunity League of Minnesota University，said that under economic pressure American young people have to work hard and most students have to take part-time work in order to support themselves．In these circumstances，he said，young people lack confidence，which was not the case in the 1960s when young people thought themselves capable of doing anything．In spite of the different conditions in China，Li Xuequan，director of the higher education section of the All-China Youth Federation，said Chinese young people are also facing economic pressure and are worried about inflation and corruption．In order to solve these problems，the Chinese and American experts agreed that youth organization should call on the whole of society to create favourable conditions for the healthy growth of young people，as well as to encourage them to meet the urgent needs of society．Meisel said that since last year he has sent letters of"challenge to youth"to many young people，urging them to commit themselves to meet such needs as feeding the hungry，housing the homeless，caring for the lonely and sick，serving the elderly and preserving the environment．The letter says："Through the service，we touch the lives of others and enrich our own．"

（1）What is the main factor that leads to young people's lack of confidence in both countries？
A．Their education
B．Their laziness
C．Economic pressure
D．Part-time jobs
（2）What was the possible situation in the 1960s？
A．Young people lacked confidence as well．
B．Young people were quite confident in America．
C．Young people in America were able to do anything well．
D．Young Chinese people were very confident．
（3）The passage is mainly about         in the two countries．
A．lack of confidence of the young people
B．problems of the young people and ways to solve them
C．approaches to touching the lives of others
D．challenges for the young people

共享时间:2016-06-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203439. （2015•师大附中•一模） Our body clock，or natural body rhythm，influences our energy and alertness（警觉）．paying attention to it can help us choose the suitable time of day when we best perform specific tasks．
   The reality，however，is that most of us organize their time around work demands，school deadlines，commuting or social events．Doing whatever your body feels like doing is a luxury in today's fast-paced modern society．
   But that doesn't mean it isn't worth trying．Obeying our body clock has significant health benefits．Disrupting our natural body rhythm，on the other hand，has been linked to problems such as depression，obesity，or headache，says Steve Key，a biology professor．
   When the body clock can synchronize（使……同步）the rhythms of its natural processes，it "gives us an advantage in daily life"，says Key．
   According to him，when it comes to cognitive （认知的） work，most adults perform best in the late morning．As our body temperature starts to rise just before awakening in the morning and continues to increase until midday，our memory，alertness and concentration gradually improve．
   However，he adds，our ability to concentrate typically starts to decrease soon thereafter．Most of us are more easily distracted （分心） between noon and 4pm．
   Alertness also tends to fall after eating a meal and sleepiness tends to peak around 2pm，making that a good time for a nap．
   Surprisingly，tiredness may increase our creative powers．For most adults，problems that require open ended thinking are often best dealt with in the evening when they are tired，according to a study in the journal Thinking & Reasoning．
   When choosing a time of day to exercise，paying attention to your body clock can improve results．Physical performance is usually best from about 3 to 6 pm，says Michael Smolensky，a professor of biomedical engineering．
   Of course，not everyone's body clock is the same，making it even harder to synchronize natural rhythms with daily plans．

（1）If we know our natural body rhythm well，we can．
A．organize our time around work demands
B．find out the suitable time to do specific tasks
C．do whatever our body feels like doing
D．be sure to be healthy
（2）Inspiration to solve a difficult problem will most probably come to us        ．
A．when we get up in the morning
B．when we are full of energy in the late morning
C．when we are tired in the evening
D．when we are asleep at night
（3）The main purpose of the passage is to        ．
A．criticize
B．persuade
C．encourage
D．inform
（4）Which of the following can be the suitable title for the passage？
A．Something About Natural Body Rhythm
B．Natural Body Rhythm Is Bad For Us．
C．What Is Natural Body Rhythm？
D．All The Research About Natural Body Rhythm

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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202120. （2022•西安中学•二模） On a break from his studies in the MIT Media Lab，Anirudh Sharma traveled home to Mumbai，India.While there，he noticed that throughout the day his T-shirts were gradually gathering something that looked like dirt. "I realized this was air pollution，or sooty（像煤一样）particulate matter（PM），made of black particles released from exhaust（尾气）of vehicles，" Sharma says. "This is a major health issue." Soot consists of tiny black particles，about 2.5 micrometers or smaller，made of carbon produced by incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
   Back at MIT，Sharma set out to help solve this air-pollution issue.After years of research，Sharma's startup Graviky Labs has developed technology that attaches to exhaust systems of diesel generators（柴油发电机）to collect particulate matter.Scientists at Graviky then turn it into ink，called Air-Ink，for artists around the world.So far，the startup has collected 1.6 billion micrograms of particulate matter.More than 200 gallons of Air-Ink have been harvested for a growing community of more than 1，000 artists，from Bangalore to Boston，Shanghai，and London.
   Posted all over Graviky Lab's Facebook page today are photos of art made from the Air-Ink and paint，including street wall paintings，body art and clothing prints.At first，there was still no specific application for the ink.Then the startup decided to find new ways to further spread its mission.It chose to do so through art. "Art helps us raise awareness about where the ink and paint comes from.Air pollution knows no borders.Our ink sends a message that pollution is one of the resources in our world that's the hardest to collect and use.But it can be done，" Sharma says.

（1）What struck Sharma most during his break in India？
A．Dirt on his T-shirts.
B．Health issue of the locals.
C．Coal industry in Mumbai.
D．Incomplete burning of fossil fuels.
（2）According to the text，Air-Ink is        .
A．a cleaner of outdoor air
B．a product made from PM
C．a newly-founded company
D．a printing technology
（3）What can we infer about Air-Ink from the text？
A．It improves artistic effect.
B．It makes pollution acceptable.
C．It helps Sharma make a profit.
D．It raises environmental awareness.
（4）What might be the best title for the text？
A．Arts Know No Borders
B．Waste Has No Price
C．Less Pollution，More Art
D．Creative Thinking，Effective Painting

共享时间:2022-03-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203440. （2015•师大附中•一模） About 6 percent of luxury hotels in three major Chinese cities have stopped serving shark fin （鱼翅），a survey has found．Although the controversial dish remains on the menu at most hotels，Green Beagle Environment Institute，a Beijing-based non-government organization that was the main sponsor of the survey，said the results are encouraging and reflect increased awareness．
   The survey was carried out in Beijing，Shenzhen and Fuzhou，which were selected as representative cities to collect basic data on shark fin consumption nationwide．In Beijing，132 hotels completed the phone questionnaire between Nov．20 and Dec．12．Only 12 hotels，9 percent，said they do not serve shark fin．A similar survey of 131 Beijing hotels conducted a year ago found only one hotel that did not serve shark fin，Wang Xue，chief coordinator （协调人） of the survey，said on Saturday．In Shenzhen，four out of the 85 four and five star hotels surveyed had stopped serving shark fin，accounting for about 5 percent．In Fuzhou，only one of the 40 hotels surveyed did not serve shark fin．On average，about 6.61 percent of the hotels in the three cities did not serve the food．
   "The survey reminded us there is still a long way to go to remove shark fins from Chinese hotels and restaurants，but the improved situation in Beijing is encouraging，" said Wang． "We found more hotels and restaurants were willing to take action over the past year．" International hotels are more active in the "shark-fin-free" project，she noted．China is the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin，which has been used in luxurious Chinese dishes for 500 years．Dishes made from shark fin are still regarded as a symbol of honor and respect，especially at business dinners，according to Wang．
   Research has also found that shark fin contains poisonous elements，but the nutritious value is less than that of chicken or pork． "We hope hotels and restaurants remove shark fin products from their menus，" Wang added．

（1）Why do Chinese people like eating shark fin？
A．Shark fin stands for honor and respect in China．
B．Shark fin is rich in a variety of nutrition．
C．The living standard of Chinese is much better than before．
D．Shark fin can make people live longer．
（2）In which way was the survey carried out？
A．Interviewing on the spot．
B．Phone questionnaire．
C．Filling the forms．
D．Talk show．
（3）According to the text，which city did the best this year？
A．Shanghai
B．Shenzhen
C．Fuzhou
D．Beijing
（4）The author wants to tell us        ．
A．the opinions divided on consuming shark fin
B．Chinese people' taste of shark fin
C．the appeal to hotels and restaurants for stopping serving shark fin
D．the world's biggest importer and consumer of shark fin

共享时间:2015-03-15 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203477. （2015•师大附中•四模） Scientists recently discovered that pictures on cave walls at Creswell Crags are the oldest known in Great Britain．But they didn't find out in the usual way．
   Archaeologists often date cave art with a process called radiocarbon dating．The technique can measure the age of carbon found in charcoal（木炭）drawings or painted pictures．Carbon is an element found in many things，including charcoal and even people．But in this case，there was no paint or charcoal to test．People carved the pictures of animals and figures into the rock using stone tools．The scientists had an "aha!" moment when they noticed small rocks stuck to the top of the drawings．The small rocks must have formed after the drawings were made．
   "It is rare to be able to scientifically date rock art，" said Alistair Pike，an archaeological scientist at Britain's University of Bristol． "We were very fortunate that some of the engravings were covered by stalagmites（石笋）．
   When a test proved that the stalagmites formed 12，800 years ago，the scientists knew the art underneath them had to be at least that old．And some of the animalown，like the European bison，are now extinct--another tip-off that the art is quite old．
   The artists came to Creswell Crags，This place is one of the farthest points north reached by our ancient ancestors during the Ice Age．At that time，much of the North Sea was dry，so people could move about more easily．
   Some tools and bones found there are 13，000 to 15，000 years old．They show that the travelers hunted horses，reindeer，and arctic hare．Their artwork is similar to art in France and Germany．It tells scientists that the Creswell Crags artists must have had a close connection to peoples several thousand kilometers away-another important clue to understanding how humans spread out across the world．

（1）Which of the following can be used as the best title of the passage？
A．Cave Art About Animals Is Most Beautiful
B．Cave Art Found in an Unusual Way
C．Cave Art Turns Out to Be Britain's Oldest
D．Cave Art in Britain
（2）From Paragraph Two，people can conclude        ．
A．archaeologists can work out the date of cave art
B．radiocarbon dating appeared only in Britain
C．archaeologists are good at using stone tools
D．drawings and painted pictures are really necessary for the formation of small rocks．
（3）Why do scientists say the art is quite old？
A．The art was carved into stone with stone tools．
B．The animals carved in the stone are beautiful．
C．The cave is one of the farthest points in the world．
D．Some pictures were covered by stalagmites more than 10，000 years old．
（4）By studying the cave art，scientists know something about        ．
A．how ancient people crossed the North Sea
B．why some of the animals have died out
C．how humans spread out across the world
D．what kind of animals people hunt at that time

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203478. （2015•师大附中•四模） In modern society there is a great deal of argument about competition．Some value it highly，believing that it is responsible for social progress and prosperity，others say that competition is bad；that it sets one person against another；that it leads to unfriendly relationship between people．
   I have taught many children who held the belief that their self - worth relied （依赖） on how well they performed at tennis and other skills．For them，playing well and winning are often life - and - death affairs．In their single - minded pursuit （追求） of success，the development of many other human qualities is sadly forgotten．
   However，while some seem to be lost in the desire to succeed，others take an opposite attitude．In a culture which values only the winner and pays no attention to the ordinary players，they strongly blame competition．Among the most vocal are youngsters who have suffered under competitive pressures from their parents or society．Teaching these young people，I often observe in them a desire to fail．They seem to seek failure by not trying to win or achieve success．By not trying，they always have an excuse： "I may have lost，but it doesn't matter because I really didn't try．" What is not usually admitted by themselves is the belief that if they had really tried and lost，that would mean a lot．Such a loss would be a measure of their worth．Clearly，this belief is the same as that of the true competitors who try to prove themselves．Both are based on the mistaken belief that one's self - respect relies on how well one performs in comparison with others．Both are afraid of not being valued．Only as this basic and often troublesome fear begins to dissolve （缓解） can we discover a new meaning in competition．

（1）What does this passage mainly talk about？
A．Competition helps to set up self - respect．
B．Opinions about competition are different among people．
C．Competition is harmful to personal quality development．
D．Failures are necessary experiences in competition．
（2）Why do some people favor competition according to the passage？
A．It pushes society forward．
B．It builds up a sense of duty．
C．It improves personal abilities．
D．It encourages individual efforts．
（3）The underlined phrase "the most vocal" in Paragraph 3 means       ．
A．those who try their best to win
B．those who value competition most highly
C．those who are against competition most strongly
D．those who rely on others most for success
（4）Which point of view may the author agree to
A．Every effort should be paid back．
B．Competition should be encouraged．
C．Winning should be a life - and - death matter．
D．Fear of failure should be removed in competition．

共享时间:2015-04-28 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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203516. （2015•西工大附中•八模） Do you find getting up in the morning so difficult that it's painful？This might be called laziness，but Dr．Kleitman has a new explanation．He has proved that everyone has a daily energy cycle．
   During the hours when you labour through your work，you may say that you're"hot"．That's true．The time of day when you feel most energetic is when your cycle of body temperature is at its peak．For some people that peak comes during the forenoon．For others it comes in the afternoon or evening．No one has discovered why this is so，but it leads to such familiar monologues（自言自语）as"Get up，John!You'll be late for work again!"The possible explanation to the trouble is that John is at his temperature-and-energy peak in the evening．Much family quarrelling ends when husbands and wives realize what these energy cycles mean，and which cycle each member of the family has．
   You can't change your energy cycle，but you can make your life fit it better．Habit can help．Dr．Kleitman believes．Maybe you're sleepy in the evening but feel you must stay up late anyway．Counteract your cycle to some extent by habitually staying up later than you want to．If your energy is low in the morning but you have an important job to do early in the day，rise before your usual hour．This won't change your cycle，but you'll get up energy and work better at your low point．
   Get off to a slow start which saves your energy．Get up with a yawn and stretch．Sit on the edge of the bed a minute before putting your feet on the floor．Avoid the troublesome search for clean clothes by laying them out the night before．Whenever possible，do routine work in the afternoon and save tasks requiring more energy for your sharper hours．

（1）If you want to work better at your low point in the morning，you should       ．
A．change your energy cycle
B．overcome your laziness
C．get up earlier than usual
D．go to bed earlier
（2）You are advised to rise with a yawn and stretch because it will       ．
A．help to keep your energy for the day's work
B．help you to control your temper early in the day
C．enable you to get your energy on your routine work
D．keep your energy cycle under control all day
（3）What's the best title of the passage？
A．Change Your Habits
B．Save Your Energy
C．Daily Energy Cycle
D．Temperature-and-Energy Peak
（4）The text is likely to be selected from a book of       ．
A．fashion
B．geography
C．environment
D．Science

共享时间:2015-06-19 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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202388. （2021•西安中学•十模） Researchers at the University of Maryland have turned ordinary sheets of wood into transparent material that is nearly as clear as glass，but stronger and with better insulating properties（隔热性）.It could become an energy efficient building material in the future.
   Wood is made of two basic ingredients：cellulose，which are tiny fibres，and lignin （木质素），which is a glue-like material that bonds the fibres together to give it strength.The lignin also contains molecules called chromophores，which give the wood its brown color and prevent light from passing through.
   Early attempts to make transparent wood involved removing the lignin，but this involved harmful chemicals，high temperatures and a lot of time，making the product expensive and somewhat fragile.The new technique is so cheap and easy that it could literally be done in a backyard.
   Starting with pieces of wood a meter long and one millimeter thick，the scientists simply brushed on a solution（溶液）of hydrogen peroxide using an ordinary paint brush.When left in the sun，or under a UV lamp for an hour or so，the peroxide remove color from the brown chromophores but left the lignin undamaged，so the wood turned white.Next，they filled the wood with a tough transparent epoxy，which filled in the spaces in the wood and then hardened.This made the white wood transparent.
   As window material，it would be much more resistant to accidental breakage.The clear wood is lighter than glass，with better insulating properties，which is important because windows are a major source of heat loss in buildings.It also might take less energy to produce clear wood because there are no high temperatures involved.
   Transparent wood could become an alternative to glass in energy efficient buildings，or perhaps coverings for solar panels in harsh environments.There could be no end of uses.

（1）What is the second paragraph mainly about？
A．The classification of wood strength.
B．The characteristics of wood.
C．The causes of wood color.
D．The structure of wood.
（2）How did the researchers make wood transparent in the past？
A．By removing the lignin.
B．By reducing chemicals.
C．By lowering the temperature.
D．By changing the experiment site.
（3）What is the function of the epoxy？
A．To make the wood stronger.
B．To take away the brown color.
C．To turn the wood transparent.
D．To fill the spaces in the wood.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A．Replacing Glass with Wood
B．Turning Wood Transparent
C．Energy Saving Material
D．Eco-friendly Alternative

共享时间:2021-07-07 难度:1 相似度:1.5

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2020-04-08

高中英语 | | 阅读理解

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