[解析]
（1）推理判断题。根据第一段For the next four days，they had no power or internet，and it was only recently that they started to fully understand of the damage caused by the floods（在接下来的四天里，他们没有电，也没有网络，直到最近，他们才开始完全了解洪水造成的破坏），可知几天来，他们没有完全认识到洪水的严重性。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据前文Half of the city has been destroyed.My mom's relatives，my friends，my coworkers ——they are all gone（半个城市被毁了。我妈妈的亲戚，我的朋友，我的同事——他们都不在了）；以及后文whose sadness can be easily told from her blank expression（从她茫然的表情可以很容易地看出她的悲伤），可知Now we，the survivors，are just ghost s in shells应该表示"他们感到悲伤和震惊"。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。根据倒数第二段Despite the abnormally heavy rain，people living near the river had little warning before the floodwaters came rushing in on that terrible morning.United Nations aid chief Martin Griffiths described the scale of the flood as "appalling" （令人惊骇的） and blamed the flood partly on sudden climate change（尽管下着异常的大雨，但在那个可怕的早晨，洪水涌来之前，住在河边的人们几乎没有得到任何预警。联合国救援组织负责人马丁•格里菲斯称这次洪水的规模"令人震惊"，并将洪水部分归咎于突如其来的气候变化），可知是因为没有预警，下着异常的大雨以及突如其来的气候变化导致了很多人的死亡，没有提到对环境的破坏的因素。故选D。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段Tarhoni，doctor of the rescue team，warns that the most difficult weeks lie ahead. "One disaster is done and there is another to come，" he says. "The thousands and thousands of people who lost everything these people now need comfort，they need company，they need psychological support"（救援小组的医生塔霍尼警告说，最困难的几周还在后面。"一场灾难过去了，另一场灾难还在后头，"他说。"成千上万失去一切的人现在需要安慰，需要陪伴，需要心理支持"）。可知对救援小组来说最难的是安慰幸存者，所以他们的重点是解决心理问题。故选A。
B． 
D． 
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